Marine kitchen oil fume collecting and purifying system and using method

Abstract

The invention provides a marine kitchen oil fume collecting and purifying system and a using method, the marine kitchen oil fume collecting and purifying system comprises a gas collecting hood hung above a cooking range, the front end of the gas collecting hood is provided with an oil baffle plate to form a fume sucking cavity, the rear end of the gas collecting hood is provided with a front end purifying cavity, and the gas collecting hood is communicated with the fume sucking cavity by arranging an oil filtering grating; annular sprayers and drainage ports are arranged in the front-end purifier and the smoke suction cavity, the annular sprayers and the drainage ports are communicated with a purification water tank through purification pipelines, the purification water tank is arranged on a cabin floor, an air inducing cabin is arranged at the position, corresponding to the front-end purification cavity, of the top of the gas collecting hood, and an air inducing and exhausting mechanism is arranged at the position, corresponding to the air inducing cabin, of the deck. According to the oil fume purification device, the functions of oil fume collection, spraying, cooling and purification, electrostatic adsorption and the like are integrated, the purification efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, maintenance is convenient, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine environmental protection, and in particular relates to a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During voyage, ships generate large amounts of kitchen fumes. Purifying these fumes is a major challenge in kitchen environmental management. Fumes contain tiny particles less than 2.5μm in diameter, which significantly contribute to the rise in PM2.5 levels. Fumes also contain numerous harmful gases, as well as organic compounds such as benzene, alkanes, and halogenated hydrocarbons, which pose health risks. Furthermore, large amounts of oil and grease often accumulate at fume vents, negatively impacting the vessel's aesthetics and breeding bacteria and producing odors, severely impacting the vessel's environment. Fume vents are typically located at the top of the cabin's exterior wall, making cleaning difficult.

[0003] As modern ships continue to demand more life support, and given the limited space and dense crews of ship kitchens, kitchens are often used for long periods of time and produce a lot of oil smoke, which often accumulates in the fume exhaust vents. To reduce kitchen fume emissions and ease the crew's cleaning workload, kitchen fume collection and purification are necessary. At present, kitchen fume purification technologies can be mainly divided into centrifugal separation, wet purification, electrostatic deposition purification, adsorption, catalytic oxidation, etc. according to different purification mechanisms. However, each purification method has its shortcomings. The advantages of centrifugal separation are simple equipment structure and low cost, but the purification efficiency is only 30%, and the cleaning and maintenance workload is large; the advantage of wet purification is that it has a high removal rate for particulate matter and large oil droplets in fume, but the removal rate for particles smaller than 1um is low, and it requires the consumption of reagents; the advantage of electrostatic deposition purification is high purification efficiency and low body resistance, but after long-term use, the electrode plates are prone to oil and dirt, which reduces the charging capacity and affects the purification efficiency, and the energy consumption is relatively high; the advantage of adsorption is high purification efficiency, but the device is large in size and has large internal resistance, and the subsequent maintenance cost is high; the advantage of catalytic oxidation is high purification efficiency and no secondary pollution, but when treating large amounts of fume, in order to ensure sufficient reaction time and purification effect, the volume of the reaction device will increase, and the subsequent maintenance cost is high. It is difficult to completely eliminate oil smoke by adopting only one oil smoke purification method under the premise of limited overall resources on board. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a combination of multiple purification methods to jointly solve the stubborn problem of oil smoke pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system and a method for use in response to the above-mentioned problems, which integrates the wet purification method and the electrostatic deposition purification method into one, giving full play to their respective advantages and improving the purification efficiency.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: An embodiment of the present application provides a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system, characterized in that it includes an air collection hood, which is suspended above the stove, and a smoking chamber is formed at the front end of the air collection hood by arranging an oil baffle, and a front end purification chamber is provided at the rear end of the air collection hood, which is connected with the smoking chamber by arranging an oil filter grille, and a front end purifier is provided in the front end purification chamber, and an annular nozzle and a drainage interface are provided in the front end purifier and the smoking chamber, and the annular nozzle and the drainage port are connected with the purified water tank through a purification pipeline, and the purified water tank is installed on the cabin floor, and an induced draft cabin is provided at the top of the air collection hood corresponding to the front end purification chamber, and an induced draft mechanism is provided at the deck corresponding to the induced draft cabin, and the exhaust port of the induced draft mechanism is connected to the air duct, and the outlet end of the air duct is provided with an electrostatic adsorption mechanism.

[0006] In some optional embodiments, the purified water tank includes a purification box body and a water pump, the top of the purification box body is provided with a water supply interface and a return water interface, the bottom of the purification box body is provided with a sewage outlet, the water supply interface is provided with a water supply valve, and the sewage outlet is provided with a drain valve.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the purification pipeline includes a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe, the two ends of the water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water supply interface and the annular nozzle, and the two ends of the drain pipe are respectively connected to the return water interface and the drain interface, so as to realize the circulation purification in the front-end purification chamber and the smoking chamber.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the exhaust and induced air mechanism includes a fan box, a fan and an air duct are installed in the fan box, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the fan box, the air inlet is connected to the induced air cabin, the exhaust port is provided at the top of the fan box, and a terminal purifier is provided at the exhaust port.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the electrostatic adsorption mechanism includes an electrostatic adsorption box, and the two sides of the electrostatic adsorption box are respectively an adsorption inlet and an adsorption outlet. The pre-filter, ionization section ion box and dust collection section ion box are arranged in sequence in the direction of air flow in the electrostatic adsorption box, and an oil collection box is provided at the bottom of the electrostatic adsorption box corresponding to the position of the dust collection section ion box.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, an electric control box is further included, which includes a control box and an operation panel. The control box is electrically connected to the purified water tank, the exhaust air mechanism, and the electrostatic adsorption mechanism, respectively, to supply power and control the operation of the equipment.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the pre-filter is a metal wire mesh provided at the adsorption inlet of the electrostatic adsorption box, the ionization section ion box is assembled by positive and negative alternatingly arranged electrode plates, and positive ions are generated by corona discharge, and the dust collecting section ion box is assembled by positive and negative alternatingly arranged electrode plates, and the negative electrode plate is a grounded dust collecting plate.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, a liquid level gauge is provided in the purification box, and the liquid level gauge is electrically connected to the control box.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, an air curtain fan and an LED lighting lamp are installed at the top front end of the air collecting hood.

[0014] A method for using a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system, characterized by comprising the following steps: The exhaust fan unit sucks the oil fume gas generated by the stove. The oil fume first passes through the oil filter grille for adsorption and oil filtration, then enters the front purification chamber, is purified by the front purifier, and is sprayed with purification liquid through the annular nozzle for purification and cooling. Then, it enters the fan box from the induced draft cabin, is filtered again by the terminal filter for water vapor, and then enters the electrostatic adsorption box. The oil fume entering the device is further electrostatically adsorbed and purified by electrostatic adsorption before being discharged.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system and a method of use, which realizes the multifunctional integrated collection and purification of kitchen stove fume, can fully and efficiently collect stove fume, and organically integrates fume wet purification with electrostatic deposition purification, thereby achieving efficient purification with a purification efficiency exceeding 97%, which greatly reduces the deposited oil stains at the fume exhaust port and reduces the daily maintenance workload of the crew. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the oil fume collection and purification system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2a A side view of the gas collecting hood according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2b A front view of the gas collecting hood according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3aA side view of a purified water tank according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3b This is a front view of the purified water tank according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4a A side view of the air inlet and outlet mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4b This is a front view of the air inlet and outlet mechanism of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5a A side view of the electrostatic adsorption mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5b A front view of the electrostatic adsorption mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the kitchen fume collection and purification process according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the embodiment does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0022] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" do not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0023] Terms such as "transverse," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely to facilitate the description of this application and to simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2a 、 Figure 2b As shown, this embodiment discloses a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system, including an air collection hood 1, which is suspended above the stove, and a smoking chamber is formed at the front end of the air collection hood by arranging an oil baffle 2, and a front end purification chamber is provided at the rear end of the air collection hood, which is connected with the smoking chamber by arranging an oil filter grille 3, and a front end purifier 4 is provided in the front end purification chamber, and an annular nozzle 5 and a drainage interface are provided in the front end purifier and the smoking chamber, and the annular nozzle and the drainage port are connected with the purified water tank 7 through a purification pipeline 6, and the purified water tank is installed on the cabin floor, and an induced draft cabin 8 is provided at the top of the air collection hood corresponding to the front end purification chamber, and an induced draft mechanism 9 is provided at the position corresponding to the induced draft cabin on the deck, and the exhaust port of the induced draft mechanism is connected to the air duct 10, and the outlet end of the air duct is provided with an electrostatic adsorption mechanism 11. The gas collecting hood is hung above the stove, and the exhaust mechanism sucks the oil fume gas generated by the stove. The oil fume first passes through the oil filter grille for adsorption and oil filtration, then passes through the front-end purifier for purification, and is sprayed with purification liquid through the annular nozzle for purification and cooling treatment. Then it enters the exhaust mechanism from the induced draft cabin, is filtered again by the terminal filter for water vapor and is discharged, and then enters the electrostatic adsorption mechanism, which uses electrostatic adsorption to further purify the oil fume entering the device.

[0027] The function of the gas hood is to collect and rectify the oil smoke, fully collect and guide the oil smoke to smoothly enter the smoking chamber and the front purification chamber, fully contact with the purification liquid, and complete the efficient purification and cooling process through a series of physical and chemical reaction processes such as spraying, flushing, condensation, dissolution, and saponification.

[0028] The top front of the hood is equipped with an air curtain fan 12 and an LED light 13. The air curtain fan forms an air curtain between the chef and the stove, which not only prevents the spread of oil smoke in other directions but also effectively improves the suction efficiency of the hood. At the same time, the annular nozzle inside the hood ensures that the purification liquid fully contacts the oil smoke, effectively removing the oil smoke particles.

[0029] The purified water tank stores the purified liquid and transports it to the purification pipeline. The purified liquid in the smoking chamber and the front purification chamber flows back to the purified water tank through the purification pipeline for recycling.

[0030] The system also includes an electrical control box, which includes a control box and an operation panel. The control box is composed of a PLC, automatic switch, protective fuse, AC contactor, control transformer, electronic shielding components, etc. The electrical control box supplies power to the purified water tank, exhaust ventilation mechanism, and electrostatic adsorption mechanism, and controls them through the electrical control box. Fault alarms and cleaning reminders can also be displayed on the electrical control box, realizing a centralized control function.

[0031] Example 1 like Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b As shown, the purified water tank includes a purification box body 71 and a water pump 72. A water supply interface 73 and a return water interface 74 are respectively provided on the top of the purification box body, and a sewage outlet 75 is provided at the bottom of the purification box body, and a drain valve 76 is provided on the sewage outlet.

[0032] The purification pipeline includes a water inlet pipe 61 and a drain pipe 62. The two ends of the water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water supply interface and the annular nozzle, and the two ends of the drain pipe are respectively connected to the return water interface and the drain interface, so as to realize the circulation purification in the front purification chamber and the smoking chamber.

[0033] The purified water tank stores and transports circulating purified liquid to meet the spraying, cleaning, purification, and cooling requirements of the entire device. The purified liquid in the tank is replaced regularly based on operating hours. A liquid level gauge 63 is installed within the purification tank and is electrically connected to the control box. When the water level in the tank is low, an alarm is generated through the control box.

[0034] Example 2 like Figure 4a 、 Figure 4bAs shown, the exhaust and induced air mechanism includes a fan box 91, in which a fan 92 and an air duct 93 are installed. An air inlet 94 is provided at the bottom of the fan box, and the air inlet is connected to the induced air cabin. An exhaust port 95 is provided at the top of the fan box, and a terminal purifier 96 is provided at the exhaust port.

[0035] The function of the exhaust fan unit is to draw the oil fume gas from cooking operations into the gas collection hood through the fan. After multiple purification treatments, the oil fume gas is effectively cooled and purified, and then discharged through terminal filtration.

[0036] Example 3 like Figure 5a 、 Figure 5b As shown, the electrostatic adsorption mechanism includes an electrostatic adsorption box 111, with an adsorption inlet 112 and an adsorption outlet 113 on both sides of the electrostatic adsorption box respectively. A pre-filter 114, an ionization section ion box 115 and a dust collection section ion box 116 are arranged in sequence in the direction of airflow in the electrostatic adsorption box, and an oil collection box 117 is provided at the bottom of the electrostatic adsorption box corresponding to the position of the dust collection section ion box.

[0037] The pre-filter is made of metal mesh and is used to remove large-particle oil smoke in the air at the inlet of the purification device, reducing the workload of the subsequent ion box and playing a role in flow uniformity, effectively improving the filtration performance of the entire equipment and extending the maintenance cycle of the subsequent ion box.

[0038] The ion box of the ionization section is assembled by alternating positive and negative plates. A large number of positive ions are generated through corona discharge, which charges the oil smoke particles and prepares the material for subsequent electrostatic adsorption.

[0039] The ion box of the dust collecting section is assembled by alternating positive and negative plates. The negative electrode is a grounded dust collecting plate. The direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the airflow and the surface of the plate. Under the action of the electric field force, the positively charged particles will move toward the grounded dust collecting plate and be captured by the dust collecting plate.

[0040] When the smoke-laden gas enters the pre-filter from the air inlet of the purification module, large oil particles are initially filtered out, while small smoke particles enter the ionization section ion box in a balanced manner. Under the action of the applied high voltage, the thorn tip of the discharge electrode releases electrons, which quickly collide with gas molecules and ionize. When the smoke-laden airflow passes through this space, the smoke particles are quickly charged due to collision and capture of gas ions. The charged smoke particles enter the subsequent dust collection section ion box. Under the action of the electric field, the charged smoke particles are continuously adsorbed to the low-voltage plate and aggregated into large particles. They then slowly slide down and enter the oil collection box for temporary storage, thus achieving the purpose of purification. The positive and negative ions generated at the same time generate ozone, which can better play a role in sterilization and deodorization.

[0041] The ionization section of the electrostatic adsorption module adopts segmented multi-drive three-dimensional spiral ionization, which improves the ionization efficiency and increases the sterilization effect.

[0042] The ion box of the electrostatic adsorption module is assembled layer by layer with ion sheets. The structure not only ensures the filtration efficiency, but also ensures that it has small resistance. The resistance will not increase with the extension of the running time like the resistance of traditional media filters. The air resistance of the entire electrostatic adsorption module is no more than 150Pa.

[0043] The electrostatic adsorption module utilizes high-performance insulating materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (or ceramic) as its insulation layer and features a unique structural design. The high-voltage power supply utilizes a reliable epoxy resin encapsulation process, and the high-voltage conductors utilize dedicated high-voltage cables to ensure safety. This multi-layer insulation ensures the device's performance and reliability even in high-humidity conditions.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, when the above-mentioned oil fume collection and purification system is used, the exhaust fan unit first sucks the oil fume gas generated by the stove, and the oil fume is first adsorbed and filtered through the oil filter grille, and then enters the front purification cavity, and is purified and cooled by the front purifier and the annular nozzle, and then enters the fan box through the induced draft cabin, and after the water vapor is filtered again by the terminal filter, it then enters the electrostatic adsorption box, and the oil fume entering the device is further electrostatically adsorbed and purified by electrostatic adsorption before being discharged.

[0045] The present invention integrates the functions of oil fume collection, spray cooling and purification, and electrostatic adsorption. Through the design of functional modules such as the gas collection hood, nozzle, purification water tank, exhaust mechanism, and electrostatic adsorption mechanism, it ensures that the purification efficiency of large-volume oil fume exceeds 97%.

Claims

1. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system, characterized in that: It includes an air collecting hood, which is hung above the stove. A smoking chamber is formed at the front end of the air collecting hood by arranging an oil baffle. A front purification chamber is provided at the rear end of the air collecting hood, which is connected with the smoking chamber by arranging an oil filter grille. A front purifier is provided in the front purification chamber. An annular nozzle and a drainage interface are provided in the front purifier and the smoking chamber. The annular nozzle and the drainage port are connected with the purified water tank through a purification pipeline. The purified water tank is installed on the cabin floor. An induced draft cabin is provided at the top of the air collecting hood corresponding to the front purification chamber. An induced draft mechanism is provided at the position corresponding to the induced draft cabin on the deck. The exhaust port of the induced draft mechanism is connected to the air duct. The outlet end of the air duct is provided with an electrostatic adsorption mechanism.

2. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purified water tank includes a purification box body and a water pump. The top of the purification box body is respectively provided with a water supply interface and a return water interface, and the bottom of the purification box body is provided with a sewage outlet. The water supply interface is provided with a water supply valve, and the sewage outlet is provided with a drain valve.

3. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The purification pipeline includes a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe. The two ends of the water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water supply interface and the annular nozzle, and the two ends of the drain pipe are respectively connected to the return water interface and the drain interface, thereby realizing the circulation purification in the front-end purification chamber and the smoking chamber.

4. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism includes a fan box, a fan and an air duct are installed in the fan box, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the fan box, the air inlet is connected to the exhaust cabin, the exhaust port is provided at the top of the fan box, and a terminal purifier is provided at the exhaust port.

5. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrostatic adsorption mechanism includes an electrostatic adsorption box, the two sides of which are an adsorption inlet and an adsorption outlet respectively. A pre-filter, an ionization section ion box and a dust collection section ion box are arranged in sequence in the direction of airflow in the electrostatic adsorption box, and an oil collection box is provided at the bottom of the electrostatic adsorption box corresponding to the position of the dust collection section ion box.

6. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an electric control box, which includes a control box and an operation panel. The control box is electrically connected to the purified water tank, the exhaust mechanism, and the electrostatic adsorption mechanism to supply power and control the operation of the equipment.

7. A marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The pre-filter is a metal mesh arranged at the adsorption inlet of the electrostatic adsorption box. The ion box of the ionization section is assembled by positive and negative alternating plates, and positive ions are generated by corona discharge. The ion box of the dust collection section is assembled by positive and negative alternating plates, and the negative plate is a grounded dust collecting plate.

8. The marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A liquid level gauge is provided in the purification box, and the liquid level gauge is electrically connected to the control box.

9. A test method for a marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: An air curtain fan and an LED lighting lamp are installed at the top front end of the air collecting hood.

10. The method for using the marine kitchen fume collection and purification system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The steps include: The exhaust fan unit sucks the oil fume gas generated by the stove. The oil fume first passes through the oil filter grille for adsorption and oil filtration, then enters the front purification chamber, is purified by the front purifier, and is sprayed with purification liquid through the annular nozzle for purification and cooling. Then, it enters the fan box from the induced draft cabin, is filtered again by the terminal filter for water vapor, and then enters the electrostatic adsorption box. The oil fume entering the device is further electrostatically adsorbed and purified by electrostatic adsorption before being discharged.

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