Air quality detection device and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an air quality detection device and a vehicle. Relates to the technical field of air detection. The air quality detection device comprises a shell structure and a gas detection assembly. The shell structure is provided with at least one detection channel; the gas detection assembly is located in the detection channel and comprises a vertical cavity surface emitting laser. According to the air quality detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sensitivity and precision of the air quality detection device are improved, meanwhile, the power consumption is reduced, the efficiency of the air quality detection device is improved, and the use performance of the vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of air detection technology, and in particular to an air quality detection device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As people pay more and more attention to air quality, air quality detection technology inside and outside vehicles has gradually become a research hotspot.

[0003] In related technologies, air quality monitoring devices include a laser module and a fan. During the air quality monitoring process, the fan draws air from the outside and uses the scattered light from the laser module to count the number of particles passing through the sensor, thereby calculating the PM2.5 value. The laser in the laser module is emitted parallel to the substrate surface, and the light spot is elliptical.

[0004] However, existing air quality detection devices have the problem of low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an air quality detection device and a vehicle, which improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the air quality detection device, while reducing power consumption, improving the efficiency of the air quality detection device, and improving the performance of the vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an air quality detection device, comprising:

[0007] The housing structure is provided with at least one detection channel;

[0008] The gas detection component is located in the detection channel and includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes a chip, and a light emitting direction of the chip is perpendicular to an extending direction of the chip.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the gas detection component further includes a lens, which is disposed on one side of the light emitting direction of the chip.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the chip includes a substrate, an N-type electrode, an N-type Bragg reflector, an active gain region, a P-type Bragg reflector, and a P-type electrode stacked in sequence along the light emitting direction of the chip.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the lens is disposed on the side of the P-type electrode facing away from the P-type Bragg reflector.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the shell structure includes an air duct component, and the air duct component forms a detection channel.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly includes air guide ribs, which enclose a detection cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, an air inlet is provided on the air guide rib, and the air inlet is connected to the detection cavity.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly includes an air duct frame, and the air duct frame is provided with exhaust holes.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the exhaust hole is connected to the detection cavity, and the air inlet hole, the exhaust hole and the detection cavity together form a detection channel.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, part of the gas detection component is disposed in the detection cavity, and the gas detection component is used to detect the gas flowing through the detection cavity.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, there are two detection channels, namely a first detection channel and a second detection channel; wherein the two gas detection components are respectively arranged in the detection cavity of the first detection channel and the detection cavity of the second detection channel.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the gas detection component further includes a light receiving module, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser and the light receiving module are arranged opposite to each other, and an optical path is formed between the vertical cavity surface emitting laser and the light receiving module, and the optical path at least passes through the detection cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly includes a first mounting rib, and the first mounting rib forms an accommodating cavity.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly further includes a second mounting rib, which encloses a light receiving cavity.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the accommodating cavity and the detection cavity are connected.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the light receiving cavity and the detection cavity are connected.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser is disposed in a receiving cavity.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the light receiving module is disposed in the detection cavity and is used to receive laser light emitted by the vertical cavity surface emitting laser.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the direction of the accommodating cavity toward the light receiving cavity is the first direction, and the first direction is set at an angle to the airflow direction in the detection cavity.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the second mounting rib is provided with an extinction portion on the inner wall of the light receiving cavity, and the extinction portion is used to absorb the laser light emitted by the vertical cavity surface emitting laser.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly further includes a first aperture.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the first apertures is at least two.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the direction of the accommodating cavity toward the light receiving cavity is the first direction, and along the first direction, at least two first apertures are arranged at intervals.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the first aperture is provided with a first light-transmitting groove.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the first mounting rib is provided with a first receiving groove.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple first receiving slots.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of first apertures are located in the plurality of first receiving grooves in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the air guide ribs are connected to the air duct frame, and the air duct assembly also includes an air duct sealing gasket, which is connected to the air duct frame and covers the air guide ribs, and the air duct sealing gasket and the air guide ribs enclose a detection cavity.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct sealing gasket is provided with a receiving hole for accommodating the gas detection component.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the first aperture is disposed on the air duct frame.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly further includes a second aperture.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the second aperture is disposed on the air duct sealing gasket.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the second apertures is at least two.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the direction of the accommodating cavity toward the light receiving cavity is the first direction, and at least two second apertures are arranged at intervals along the first direction.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the second aperture is provided with a second light-transmitting groove.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct sealing gasket is provided with a second receiving groove.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple second receiving slots.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of second apertures are located in the plurality of second receiving grooves in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the direction perpendicular to the accommodating cavity toward the light receiving cavity is the second direction, and along the second direction, the first aperture and the second aperture are arranged opposite to each other.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction, the first light-through slots of the plurality of first apertures and the second light-through slots of the plurality of second apertures are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and form a plurality of first light-through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of first light holes gradually decrease along the first direction.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the first light through hole is connected to the accommodating cavity and the detection cavity respectively, and the light path passes through the first light through hole.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly includes a third aperture, and the third aperture is formed with a second light-through hole, and the second light-through hole is used to conduct light through the light-receiving cavity and the detection cavity.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct sealing gasket is formed with a light blocking member, which is located in the detection cavity and between the first light through hole and the second light through hole.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the housing structure includes a lower shell.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the shell structure further includes an upper shell, which is detachably connected to the lower shell.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower shell is provided with a mounting groove.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct assembly includes an air inlet pipe, which is accommodated in the installation groove, the air inlet pipe is connected to the air duct frame, and the interior of the air inlet pipe is connected to the detection cavity.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the upper shell is provided with a snap fastener, and the lower shell is provided with a snap-fitting portion, and the snap fastener is snap-fitted with the snap-fitting portion.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower shell is provided with an exhaust port, which is connected to the exhaust hole.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the air quality detection device further includes a negative pressure component, which is disposed in the shell structure and is used to drive external airflow to flow along the detection channel and discharge the detection channel.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, an installation cavity is provided inside the shell structure, and the installation cavity is connected to the detection channel.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the negative pressure component is disposed in the installation cavity.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, the exhaust port is connected to the installation cavity.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the negative pressure component includes a negative pressure fan.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the negative pressure assembly further includes a first sealing gasket, which is covered on the negative pressure fan.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the first sealing gasket is located between the negative pressure fan and the air duct frame.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the negative pressure assembly further includes a second sealing gasket, which is disposed between the negative pressure fan and the lower shell.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the negative pressure assembly further includes a third sealing gasket, which is disposed between the air outlet and the exhaust port of the negative pressure fan.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the air quality detection device further includes a connector, and the air duct frame is connected to the negative pressure assembly via the connector.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the air duct frame and the lower shell are detachably connected.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on the air duct frame.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the shell structure is further provided with an air collecting portion, and the air collecting portion is provided with an air collecting channel.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the air collecting channel is respectively connected to the installation cavity and the exhaust hole.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the inner diameter of the air collecting portion gradually decreases along the gas flow direction in the detection channel.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the air quality detection device further includes a circuit assembly, which is connected to the housing structure.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit assembly includes a circuit board, and the circuit board is communicatively connected to the gas detection assembly.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit assembly further includes a shielding cover, which is detachably connected to the circuit board.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, a fixing clip is provided on the circuit board, the shielding cover is at least partially covered on the circuit board, and the shielding cover is detachably connected to the fixing clip.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the air quality detection device further includes a base, which is disposed on a side of the lower shell facing away from the upper shell, and the base and the lower shell are detachably connected.

[0079] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0080] vehicle body; and air quality detection device.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the first detection channel in the air quality detection device is connected to the external environment of the vehicle body.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, the second detection channel in the air quality detection device is connected to the internal environment of the vehicle body.

[0083] The present invention provides an air quality detection device and a vehicle. The air quality detection device includes a housing structure and a gas detection component. The housing structure is provided with at least one detection channel. The gas detection component is located in the detection channel and includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser.

[0084] In the air quality detection device provided in the embodiments of the present application, a detection channel provided in the housing structure is used to guide the gas to be detected through the gas detection component. A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is capable of generating a circular and symmetrical beam. The vertical cavity structure of the VCSEL enables the laser to be emitted perpendicular to the chip surface. This structure allows the VCSEL to have a shorter cavity length, thereby achieving high optical gain and a narrow emission spectrum line width, enabling precise detection of the absorption characteristics of specific gases. This improves the sensitivity and accuracy of the air quality detection device, while reducing power consumption, increasing the efficiency of the air quality detection device, and improving the performance of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0086] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the lower shell of the housing structure of the air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective;

[0088] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the lower shell of the housing structure of the air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;

[0089] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the lower shell of the housing structure of the air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third perspective;

[0090] Figure 5A schematic structural diagram of an air duct assembly from a first perspective of an air quality detection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the air duct assembly of the air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;

[0092] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an air duct assembly of an air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third perspective;

[0093] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser of the air quality detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0094] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser of the air quality detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0095] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct assembly of the air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of a first aperture of an air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas detection component of an air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gas detection component, air duct sealing gasket, and shielding cover of the air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct sealing gasket of the air quality detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0100] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of a second aperture of an air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct sealing gasket of the air quality detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0102] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board of an air quality detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Figure 18A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the air quality detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0104] Description of reference numerals:

[0105] 100: Upper shell; 110: Lower shell; 120: Air duct frame; 121: Air guide rib; 122: Air inlet; 123: Detection cavity; 125: Exhaust hole; 126: First mounting rib; 127: Accommodation cavity; 128: Second mounting rib; 129: Light receiving cavity; 130: Extinction portion; 131: Air collecting portion; 132: Buckle; 133: Exhaust pipe; 134: Mounting slot; 135: Air inlet pipe; 136: Snap-fit portion; 137: Exhaust port; 138: Mounting cavity;

[0106] 210: vertical cavity surface emitting laser; 211: chip; 212: lens; 213: light board; 214: laser beam;

[0107] 300: first detection channel; 310: second detection channel;

[0108] 400: air duct sealing gasket; 401: receiving hole; 410: first sealing gasket; 420: second sealing gasket; 430: third sealing gasket; 440: second receiving groove; 450: light blocking member;

[0109] 500: first aperture; 510: first light-transmitting slot; 520: second aperture; 530: second light-transmitting slot; 540: third aperture; 550: second light-transmitting hole; 580: first receiving slot;

[0110] 600: negative pressure component;

[0111] 700: circuit board; 710: power connector; 720: fan connector; 730: spring; 740: receiver; 750: fixing clip;

[0112] 800: shielding cover; 810: shielding cover;

[0113] 910: Bolt; 920: Base; 930: Connecting column; 940: Positioning column; 950: One-way breathable membrane.

[0114] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0115] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0116] Air quality monitoring devices in related technologies include PM2.5 detectors. PM2.5 sensors detect the concentration of airborne particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less. These particles can have adverse effects on human health, so installing a PM2.5 sensor in a vehicle helps monitor in-vehicle air quality and, when necessary, take measures to improve it.

[0117] Currently, PM2.5 sensors consist of a laser module and a blower. The laser module includes a copper tube, a light board, lenses, and a chip. The laser module emits laser light parallel to the substrate surface, creating an elliptical spot. This edge-emitting laser structure typically results in high optical losses as light propagates within the laser cavity. Edge-emitting lasers typically have a small current injection area, resulting in uneven current spread. This results in some current not effectively contributing to laser generation, reducing overall efficiency.

[0118] Therefore, the existing air quality detection device has the problem of low efficiency.

[0119] In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide an air quality detection device and a vehicle. The air quality detection device includes a housing structure and a gas detection assembly. The housing structure is provided with at least one detection channel; the gas detection assembly is located in the detection channel and includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser.

[0120] In the air quality detection device provided in the embodiments of the present application, a detection channel provided in the housing structure is used to guide the gas to be detected through the gas detection component. A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is capable of generating a circular and symmetrical beam. The vertical cavity structure of the VCSEL enables the laser to be emitted perpendicular to the chip surface. This structure allows the VCSEL to have a shorter cavity length, thereby achieving high optical gain and a narrow emission spectrum line width, enabling precise detection of the absorption characteristics of specific gases. This improves the sensitivity and accuracy of the air quality detection device, while reducing power consumption, increasing the efficiency of the air quality detection device, and improving the performance of the vehicle.

[0121] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0122] First, refer to Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an air quality detection device, comprising:

[0123] The housing structure is provided with at least one detection channel;

[0124] The gas detection component is located in the detection channel and includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 .

[0125] For example, the detection channel provided in the housing structure is used to guide the gas to be detected through the gas detection assembly. The design of the detection channel can optimize the gas flow and ensure effective interaction between the gas and the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210.

[0126] The vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 is a semiconductor laser that emits laser light perpendicular to the surface of the chip 211. Compared with edge-emitting lasers, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 has better beam quality and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0127] The vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 is capable of generating a circular and symmetrical light beam. The vertical cavity structure of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 enables the laser to be emitted perpendicular to the surface of the chip 211. This structure allows the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 to have a short cavity length, thereby achieving high optical gain and a narrow emission spectrum line width to accurately detect the absorption characteristics of specific gases, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the air quality detection device while reducing power consumption.

[0128] The structure of the VCSEL 210 allows precise control of the emission wavelength by current, temperature, or other external conditions. This adjustability makes the VCSEL 210 advantageous in tunable laser and multi-wavelength laser applications.

[0129] The VCSEL 210 can be manufactured using standard semiconductor processes, which makes its production process relatively simple and low-cost.

[0130] The gas detection component may be a PM2.5 detector, which includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 .

[0131] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the housing structure includes a lower shell 110 .

[0132] The housing structure further includes an upper shell 100 , which is detachably connected to the lower shell 110 .

[0133] Exemplarily, the lower shell 110 serves as the base portion of the shell, and provides support and protection for components inside the shell structure of the air quality detection device.

[0134] The upper shell 100 and the lower shell 110 are detachably connected, which allows the user to easily access the internal components of the air quality detection device and perform maintenance, repair or replacement. The detachable design provides flexibility and convenience.

[0135] The connection between the upper shell 100 and the lower shell 110 can adopt a quick connection mechanism such as screws, buckles 132, etc., to facilitate quick disassembly and assembly.

[0136] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the upper shell 100 is provided with a buckle 132, and the lower shell 110 is provided with a clamping portion 136, and the buckle 132 is engaged with the clamping portion 136. This clamping structure not only strengthens the connection between the upper shell 100 and the lower shell 110, but also facilitates quick disassembly and assembly, thereby improving the maintenance convenience of the air quality detection device.

[0137] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the air quality detection device further includes a base 920 , which is disposed on a side of the lower shell 110 facing away from the upper shell 100 , and the base 920 and the lower shell 110 are detachably connected.

[0138] For example, the base 920 is disposed at the bottom of the lower shell 110, which can effectively lower the center of gravity of the air quality detection device, thereby improving the overall stability of the air quality detection device and reducing the risk of tipping over. Specifically, when the air quality detection device is used to detect the air quality of a vehicle, the base 920 of the air quality detection device can be disposed inside the vehicle. In this way, the base 920 increases the contact area between the air quality detection device and the vehicle, thereby providing a larger support surface. This increased contact area can effectively disperse the weight of the device and improve its stability on different surfaces.

[0139] For example, the detachable connection between the base 920 and the lower shell 110 allows the user to easily maintain and replace the base 920 or other components without the need for specialized tools. This design reduces the complexity and cost of maintenance.

[0140] For example, the base 920 and the lower case 110 are connected by bolts 910 .

[0141] As a feasible implementation manner, the shell structure includes an air duct assembly, and the air duct assembly forms a detection channel.

[0142] For example, the main function of the air duct assembly is to guide the gas flow and ensure that the gas can pass through the detection channel evenly and stably.

[0143] The design of the air duct assembly allows for control of the airflow speed and direction, thereby optimizing the contact time and area between the gas and the gas detection assembly. In applications requiring rapid detection of changes in gas concentration, this optimization helps improve detection sensitivity and response speed.

[0144] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the air duct assembly includes air guide ribs 121, which enclose a detection cavity 123. The air guide ribs 121 are used to guide and control the direction and speed of airflow. The detection cavity 123 enclosed by the air guide ribs 121 is the main area through which air flows.

[0145] As a feasible embodiment, air inlet holes 122 are provided on the air guide ribs 121, which are connected to the detection cavity 123. The air inlet holes 122 are holes provided on the air guide ribs 121 for introducing external air. Through these holes, the air can be guided into the detection cavity 123 and interact with the gas detection component.

[0146] As a feasible embodiment, the air duct assembly includes an air duct frame 120, which is provided with an exhaust hole 125. The exhaust hole 125 is used to exhaust the gas after detection, ensuring that new gas can continue to flow into the detection channel. This helps to achieve continuous and real-time gas detection.

[0147] As a feasible implementation, the exhaust hole 125 is connected to the detection cavity 123, and the air inlet 122, the exhaust hole 125 and the detection cavity 123 together form a detection channel.

[0148] Inlet 122 is used to introduce the gas to be tested into detection chamber 123. Exhaust 125 is used to exhaust the tested gas, ensuring that the gas in detection chamber 123 is constantly refreshed. This helps maintain the continuity and real-time performance of the detection. Inlet 122, exhaust 125, and detection chamber 123 together form a complete detection channel. This channel ensures that the gas flows along the designed path and fully contacts the gas detection components.

[0149] As a feasible embodiment, part of the gas detection component is disposed in the detection cavity 123, and the gas detection component is used to detect the gas flowing through the detection cavity 123. Placing part of the gas detection component in the detection cavity 123 can increase the contact time between the gas and the component, thereby improving the detection sensitivity.

[0150] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the air quality detection device further includes a negative pressure component 600, which is disposed in the shell structure and is used to drive the external airflow to flow along the detection channel and be discharged from the detection channel.

[0151] For example, the negative pressure assembly 600 is used to drive airflow by generating negative pressure. The negative pressure assembly 600 is installed in the housing structure to ensure the integrity of the airflow path.

[0152] Negative pressure assembly 600 actively draws external air into the system by generating negative pressure within the detection channel. This airflow-driven approach ensures a continuous flow and refresh of the gas sample. By controlling the speed and direction of the airflow, negative pressure assembly 600 improves detection efficiency and sensitivity, enabling the PM2.5 sensor to respond more quickly and accurately to changes in air quality.

[0153] The negative pressure assembly 600 is used to drive external air flow into the detection cavity 123 from the air inlet 122 and to be discharged from the air outlet 125, so as to effectively monitor the intake air.

[0154] In this embodiment, the negative pressure component 600 plays a key role in the air quality detection device. Its main purpose is to drive external air flow into the detection cavity 123 from the air inlet 122 and then discharge it through the exhaust hole 125.

[0155] By placing the negative pressure assembly 600 outside the detection channel, it not only effectively prevents it from occupying the internal space of the housing structure, but also ensures that the detection chamber 123 maintains a larger space to accommodate more airflow and gas detection components. This design not only improves space utilization but also allows for better mixing and uniform flow of gas within the detection channel, thereby improving the accuracy of gas detection. Furthermore, the external negative pressure assembly 600 facilitates routine maintenance and replacement.

[0156] The lower shell 110 is connected to the air duct frame 120 by bolts 910 ; the negative pressure component 600 is pressed against the lower shell 110 and fixed to the air duct frame 120 .

[0157] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, there are two detection channels, namely a first detection channel 300 and a second detection channel 310 ; wherein the two gas detection components are respectively disposed in the detection cavity 123 of the first detection channel 300 and the detection cavity 123 of the second detection channel 310 .

[0158] When the air quality detection device is used in a vehicle, the two detection channels can be connected to the external environment and the internal environment respectively, thereby distinguishing between a first detection channel 300 and a second detection channel 310. In this configuration, the gas detection component in the first detection channel 300 can include a PM2.5 sensor, which can effectively detect the PM2.5 status of the air inside the vehicle. In addition, the gas detection component in the second detection channel 310 can also be configured to include a PM2.5 sensor to detect the PM2.5 status of the air outside the vehicle. This design can ensure effective monitoring of air quality inside and outside the vehicle, improving the health and comfort of passengers.

[0159] In some embodiments, reference Figure 10 As shown, there are two exhaust holes 125 , and the first detection channel 300 and the second detection channel 310 correspond to one exhaust hole 125 respectively.

[0160] In other embodiments, referring to Figure 18 As shown, there is only one exhaust hole 125, shared by the first detection channel 300 and the second detection channel 310. To prevent gas interference between the first and second detection channels 300 and 310, a one-way gas permeable membrane 950 is provided near the exhaust hole 125 in the first detection channel 300. A one-way gas permeable membrane is also provided near the exhaust hole 125 in the second detection channel 310.

[0161] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 includes a chip 211 , and the light emitting direction of the chip 211 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the chip 211 .

[0162] Because the light emission direction of chip 211 is perpendicular to the direction in which it extends, that is, the laser light is emitted perpendicular to the surface of chip 211, the cavity length of VCSEL 210 can be very short. This helps achieve high optical gain and narrow linewidth laser output, improving the detection accuracy of the gas detection component. The short cavity length also means that VCSEL 210 can operate at a lower threshold current, improving energy efficiency.

[0163] As a feasible implementation, the gas detection component further includes a lens 212 , which is disposed on one side of the light emitting direction of the chip 211 .

[0164] Illustratively, the lens 212 is used to focus the laser beam emitted from the VCSEL 210. Since the VCSEL 210 typically emits a beam with a certain divergence angle, the lens 212 can help reduce the divergence and improve the collimation of the beam.

[0165] The lens 212 is arranged on one side of the light emitting direction of the chip 211 and is directly located above the emitting surface of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210. This arrangement can minimize optical loss and unnecessary reflection.

[0166] In one embodiment, the lens 212 can be designed as a focusing lens 212 or a spliced lens 212 to ensure that the laser can be effectively focused and diffused. The chip 211 is mounted on the lamp board 213, and the pins of the lamp board 213 are connected to the control circuit via a spring clip. This connection method allows the lamp board 213 to be flexibly adjusted and maintains good electrical contact, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the gas detection component.

[0167] As a feasible implementation, the chip 211 includes a substrate, an N-type electrode, an N-type Bragg reflector, an active gain region, a P-type Bragg reflector, and a P-type electrode stacked in sequence along the light emitting direction of the chip 211 .

[0168] For example, the substrate is the base layer of the VCSEL chip 211 and includes a semiconductor material such as gallium arsenide or indium phosphide. The substrate provides mechanical support and serves as a base for subsequent growth of other layers.

[0169] The N-type electrode is used to inject electrons and is located on the substrate. The N-type electrode is connected to an external power source to provide the necessary current to stimulate laser emission.

[0170] N-type Bragg reflectors (DBRs) consist of multiple alternating high-refractive-index and low-refractive-index semiconductor layers, forming a high-reflectivity mirror. These mirrors are used to form an optical resonant cavity in the vertical direction, ensuring that laser light is reflected back and forth within the active gain region to achieve gain.

[0171] The active gain region is the core area of the VCSEL 210. The active gain region includes a quantum well structure. In this region, electrons and holes recombine to generate photons, achieving light amplification and laser emission.

[0172] Similar to the N-type DBR, the P-type Bragg reflector (DBR) is composed of alternating layers of high and low refractive index. The P-type DBR is located above the active gain region, further enhancing the reflective properties of the optical resonator.

[0173] The P-type electrode is used to inject holes and forms a current path together with the N-type electrode. This electrode is also connected to an external power source to complete the current injection loop.

[0174] As a feasible implementation, the lens 212 is disposed on the side of the P-type electrode away from the P-type Bragg reflector.

[0175] For example, the lens 212 is located above the P-type electrode, that is, on the side away from the P-type Bragg reflector. This position selection enables the lens 212 to directly interact with the laser beam 214 emitted from the VCSEL 210.

[0176] The lens 212 may be provided as an independent optical element or as a microlens 212 integrated on the chip 211 .

[0177] The main function of the lens 212 is to shape and focus the light beam emitted from the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210. By properly designing the lens 212, the divergence angle of the light beam can be reduced and the collimation of the light beam can be improved.

[0178] As a feasible implementation, the gas detection component also includes a light receiving module, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 is arranged opposite to the light receiving module, and an optical path is formed between the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 and the light receiving module, and the optical path at least passes through the detection cavity 123.

[0179] The gas detection component, or PM2.5 sensor, consists of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) 210 and a light receiving module. These two modules are positioned opposite each other, forming an optical path that covers at least a portion of the detection cavity 123. This design utilizes the principle of laser scattering to efficiently and accurately monitor PM2.5 concentrations in gases.

[0180] The light receiving module can be a photodiode or a photomultiplier tube.

[0181] When the airflow flows through the detection cavity 123, the light receiving module receives the scattered light from the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210. Based on the amount and intensity of the scattered light, the light receiving module can quickly calculate the concentration value of PM2.5. Specifically, the intensity of the scattered light is proportional to the number of PM2.5 particles in the airflow. Therefore, by accurately analyzing the scattered light signal, real-time monitoring of air quality can be achieved. This detection method based on the principle of laser scattering has higher sensitivity and response speed than traditional physical filtering methods.

[0182] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 12 As shown, the air duct assembly includes a first mounting rib 126, which encloses a housing cavity 127. The housing cavity 127 is connected to the detection cavity 123. The vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 is disposed within the housing cavity 127. The design of the housing cavity 127 can reduce interference from the external environment on the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210.

[0183] As a feasible embodiment, the air duct assembly further includes second mounting ribs 128, which enclose a light receiving cavity 129. Light receiving cavity 129 communicates with detection cavity 123. A light receiving module is disposed within detection cavity 123 and is configured to receive laser light emitted by VCSEL 210.

[0184] In this embodiment, VCSEL 210 is housed within cavity 127 to ensure efficient operation of the laser module without interference from the external environment. A light receiving module is housed within detection cavity 123 and is primarily used to receive scattered light generated by the laser light emitted by VCSEL 210 after passing through the gas.

[0185] As a feasible implementation, the direction of the accommodating cavity 127 toward the light receiving cavity 129 is a first direction, and the first direction is set at an angle to the airflow direction in the detection cavity 123 .

[0186] In order to optimize the measurement performance, the direction of the accommodating cavity 127 toward the light receiving cavity 129 is set at an angle to the airflow direction in the detection cavity 123. This design can effectively ensure that the light path passes through the airflow path to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0187] Specifically, the choice of angle is very important. The optimal angle range is 90°, which ensures that light can fully excite particles in the airflow and makes the PM2.5 sensor and housing structure compact. In other embodiments, the angle can also be 20°, 30°, or 40°, depending on the actual design requirements. This is not a single limitation. A reasonable angle setting can significantly improve the PM2.5 sensor's response to PM2.5 particles and the reliability of the data.

[0188] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 10 As shown, the second mounting rib 128 is provided with an extinction portion 130 on the inner wall of the light receiving cavity 129 , and the extinction portion 130 is used to absorb the laser light emitted by the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 .

[0189] A light extinction portion 130 is provided on the surface of the second mounting rib 128. This portion is used to absorb laser light emitted by the VCSEL. Located at the end of the optical path, this portion primarily absorbs laser light from the VCSEL. This arrangement effectively promotes laser absorption and reduces interference caused by light reflection and scattering, thereby improving the accuracy and sensitivity of PM2.5 detection and preventing signal noise from affecting measurement results.

[0190] Exemplarily, the matte portion 130 includes a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of recesses.

[0191] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, the air duct assembly further includes a first aperture 500 .

[0192] When emitting laser light, the VCSEL 210 may generate some unnecessary light, which may deviate from the main beam path and form stray light. The first aperture 500 can effectively block the deviated light, thereby reducing the impact of the stray light.

[0193] As a feasible implementation, the number of the first apertures 500 is at least two.

[0194] For example, by using a plurality of first apertures 500 , multi-level light control can be achieved to precisely limit the shape, size, and divergence angle of the laser beam 214 , thereby optimizing the beam quality.

[0195] As a feasible implementation, the direction from the accommodating cavity 127 toward the light receiving cavity 129 is the first direction, and along the first direction, at least two first apertures 500 are arranged at intervals.

[0196] For example, along the first direction, each first aperture 500 can block a portion of light that deviates from the main optical axis. By arranging multiple first apertures 500 at intervals on the optical path, the intensity of stray light can be gradually reduced, so that the amount of stray light that ultimately reaches the detection cavity 123 is minimized.

[0197] As a feasible implementation, the first aperture 500 is provided with a first light-transmitting slot 510. The first light-transmitting slot 510 is an opening on the first aperture 500, allowing light to pass through.

[0198] As a feasible implementation, the first mounting rib 126 is provided with a plurality of first receiving grooves 580 . The plurality of first apertures 500 are located in the plurality of first receiving grooves 580 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0199] For example, the first mounting rib 126 serves as a structural support element, providing mechanical strength and stability. The first receiving slot 580 is a groove or opening on the first mounting rib 126 for placing and fixing the first aperture 500 .

[0200] Each first aperture 500 is precisely installed in a first receiving groove 580 to ensure the stability of its position and the effectiveness of its function.

[0201] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 14As shown, the air guide rib 121 is connected to the air duct frame 120, and the air duct assembly also includes an air duct sealing gasket 400, which is connected to the air duct frame 120 and covers the air guide rib 121, and the air duct sealing gasket 400 and the air guide rib 121 enclose a detection cavity 123.

[0202] Exemplarily, the main function of the air duct sealing gasket 400 is to seal the air duct, prevent air leakage, and ensure the integrity and efficiency of air flow.

[0203] As a feasible implementation, the air duct sealing gasket 400 is provided with a receiving hole 401 , and the receiving hole 401 is used to accommodate the gas detection component.

[0204] In one embodiment, the air duct sealing gasket 400 is provided with a receiving hole 401, which is designed to accommodate the gas detection assembly so that it is at least partially accommodated within the receiving hole 401. The coordination between the receiving hole 401 and the gas detection assembly not only improves the accuracy and convenience of assembly, but also makes the combined structure of the gas detection assembly and the air duct assembly more compact, thereby effectively reducing the thickness of the air quality detection device.

[0205] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 11 As shown, the first diaphragm is disposed on the air duct frame 120. By disposing the first diaphragm 500 on the air duct frame 120, a compact structure is achieved, the number and complexity of components are reduced, and the manufacturing and assembly processes are simplified.

[0206] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 15 As shown, the air duct assembly further includes a second aperture 520 .

[0207] When emitting laser light, the VCSEL 210 may generate some unnecessary light, which may deviate from the main beam path and form stray light. The second aperture 520 can effectively block the deviated light, thereby reducing the impact of the stray light.

[0208] As a feasible implementation, the second aperture 520 is provided in the air duct sealing gasket 400. By providing the second aperture 520 in the air duct sealing gasket 400, a compact structure is achieved, the number and complexity of components are reduced, and the manufacturing and assembly processes are simplified.

[0209] As a feasible implementation, the number of the second apertures 520 is at least two.

[0210] For example, multi-level light control can be achieved by using multiple second apertures 520. This allows for more precise control of the shape, size, and divergence angle of the laser beam 214, thereby optimizing the beam quality.

[0211] As a feasible implementation, the direction from the accommodating cavity 127 toward the light receiving cavity 129 is the first direction, and at least two second apertures 520 are arranged at intervals along the first direction.

[0212] For example, along the first direction, each second aperture 520 can block a portion of light that deviates from the main optical axis. By arranging multiple second apertures 520 at intervals on the optical path, the intensity of stray light can be gradually reduced, so that the amount of stray light that ultimately reaches the detection cavity 123 is minimized.

[0213] As a feasible implementation, the second aperture 520 is provided with a second light-transmitting slot 530. The second light-transmitting slot 530 is an opening on the second aperture 520, allowing light to pass through.

[0214] As a feasible implementation, the air duct sealing gasket 400 is provided with a plurality of second receiving grooves 440 . The plurality of second apertures 520 are located in the plurality of second receiving grooves 440 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0215] Exemplarily, the air duct mounting pad is used to provide structural support for the second aperture 520. The second receiving groove 440 is a groove or opening of the air duct sealing pad 400, which is used to place and fix the second aperture 520.

[0216] Each second aperture 520 is precisely installed in a second receiving groove 440 to ensure the stability of its position and the effectiveness of its function.

[0217] As a feasible implementation, the direction perpendicular to the accommodating cavity 127 toward the light receiving cavity 129 is the second direction. Along the second direction, the first aperture 500 and the second aperture 520 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0218] The second direction perpendicular to the accommodating cavity 127 toward the light receiving cavity 129 is the direction from the air duct frame 120 to the air duct sealing pad 400, that is, the height direction of the air quality detection device.

[0219] Illustratively, the first aperture 500 and the second aperture 520 are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction to form an optical channel, thereby ensuring that the laser light emitted by the vertical cavity surface laser emitter is precisely controlled when passing through the detection cavity 123 .

[0220] As a feasible implementation, along the first direction, the first light-passing slots 510 of the plurality of first apertures 500 and the second light-passing slots 530 of the plurality of second apertures 520 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and form a plurality of first light-passing holes in one-to-one correspondence.

[0221] For example, when the first light-clearing slot 510 of the first aperture 500 is aligned with the second light-clearing slot 530 of the second aperture 520, they together form a complete light-clearing path, namely, a first light-clearing aperture. These first light-clearing apertures allow laser light to propagate precisely within the detection cavity 123 while limiting unnecessary light and reducing stray light.

[0222] As a feasible implementation manner, along the first direction, the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of first light-transmitting holes gradually decrease.

[0223] For example, by gradually reducing the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of first light holes, the propagation path of the laser beam 214 can be gradually limited, which helps to reduce the light that deviates from the main optical axis, thereby reducing the influence of stray light.

[0224] The gradually decreasing plurality of first light holes can define the shape and size of the laser beam 214, so that the laser beam 214 reaching the detection cavity 123 is uniform and concentrated. This concentration helps to improve the quality of the laser beam 214 and reduce edge scattering.

[0225] By effectively limiting stray light, the gradually decreasing plurality of first light holes can improve the contrast and resolution of the laser beam 214 , making the target laser beam 214 clearer.

[0226] As a feasible implementation, the first light through hole is connected to the accommodating cavity 127 and the detection cavity 123 respectively, and the light path passes through the first light through hole.

[0227] For example, laser beam 214 is emitted from accommodating cavity 127, passes through the first light-through hole, and ultimately reaches detection cavity 123. This design ensures that the transmission path of laser beam 214 is precise and controllable. This precise optical path design reduces transmission losses of laser beam 214, improving the efficiency and signal quality of the gas detection assembly.

[0228] The precise design and alignment of the first light-through hole ensures that the optical signal can be effectively transmitted from the accommodating cavity 127 to the detection cavity 123, thereby reducing signal attenuation and distortion.

[0229] As a feasible implementation, the air duct assembly further includes a third aperture 540 , which is formed with a second light-through hole 550 , and the second light-through hole 550 is used to conduct light through the light-receiving cavity 129 and the detection cavity 123 .

[0230] The second light-through hole allows the laser to propagate accurately in the detection cavity 123 while limiting unnecessary light and reducing stray light.

[0231] The second light hole is used to conduct light between the light receiving cavity 129 and the detection cavity 123. Laser light that interacts with the gas in the detection cavity 123 enters the light receiving cavity 129 and is extinguished by the extinction portion 130 in the light receiving cavity 129. Extinction portion 130 effectively absorbs or blocks excess light that enters the light receiving cavity 129, particularly light that is not effectively utilized after interacting with the gas in the detection cavity 123. This helps reduce stray light interference with the gas detection assembly and improves measurement accuracy.

[0232] As a feasible implementation, the air duct sealing gasket 400 is formed with a light blocking member 450 . The light blocking member 450 is located in the detection cavity 123 , and the light blocking member 450 is located between the first light through hole and the second light through hole 550 .

[0233] For example, the light blocking member 450 is used to further limit unnecessary light and reduce stray light on the basis of blocking the light deviating from the light beam by the first aperture 500 and the second aperture 520. The light blocking member 450 can be a square horizontal bar.

[0234] As an achievable embodiment, the lower shell 110 is provided with a mounting groove 134 . The air duct assembly includes an air inlet pipe 135 , which is accommodated in the mounting groove 134 , connected to the air duct frame 120 , and the interior of the air inlet pipe 135 is connected to the detection cavity 123 .

[0235] The mounting groove 134 on the lower shell 110 is used to fix and position the air inlet pipe 135. The mounting groove 134 can ensure the stability and precise positioning of the air inlet pipe 135.

[0236] As a feasible implementation, the lower shell 110 is provided with an exhaust port 137 , and the exhaust port 137 is connected to the exhaust hole 125 .

[0237] Specifically, lower housing 110 may also be provided with an exhaust pipe 133 connected to exhaust port 137. Exhaust pipe 133 effectively connects the detection channel to the external environment, allowing for rapid exhaust of gas after detection. The use of exhaust pipe 133 improves the efficiency of the air quality detection device, ensuring that no gas is trapped during the detection process, thereby avoiding detection errors and equipment safety hazards caused by gas accumulation.

[0238] In addition, the exhaust pipe 133 can be made of corrosion-resistant polymer, metal, or directly molded on the lower shell 110. This not only ensures its durability under long-term use, but also effectively prevents property changes caused by chemical reactions.

[0239] As a feasible implementation, a mounting cavity 138 is provided inside the shell structure, and the mounting cavity 138 is connected to the detection channel.

[0240] For example, the mounting cavity 138 provides a fixed and protected space for the internal components. By mounting the components in a specially designed cavity, the components can be effectively protected from the influence of the external environment, such as vibration, impact or dust intrusion, during the use of the device.

[0241] In one practicable embodiment, negative pressure assembly 600 is disposed within mounting cavity 138. Exhaust port 137 communicates with mounting cavity 138. Negative pressure assembly 600 includes a negative pressure fan. This fan is used to drive external air through the detection channel and out through exhaust port 137, thereby increasing air flow rate and monitoring efficiency.

[0242] In practice, negative pressure assembly 600 may also employ a vacuum pump or other gas extraction device. A negative pressure fan has the advantages of being easy to maintain and relatively low cost, thus meeting the requirements for miniaturization of air quality detection devices. A vacuum pump can provide a stronger negative pressure, thereby improving the gas collection efficiency of the air quality detection device.

[0243] In some embodiments, reference Figure 10 As shown, there are two exhaust holes 125 , and the first detection channel 300 and the second detection channel 310 each correspond to one exhaust hole 125 . There are two negative pressure fans, and each negative pressure fan corresponds to one exhaust hole 125 .

[0244] In other embodiments, referring to Figure 18 As shown, there is only one exhaust hole 125, shared by the first detection channel 300 and the second detection channel 310. Furthermore, there is only one negative pressure fan, which is connected to the exhaust hole 125. Using only one negative pressure fan reduces noise, lowers costs, and simplifies the structure.

[0245] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the negative pressure assembly 600 further includes a first sealing gasket 410, which is covered on the negative pressure fan and located between the negative pressure fan and the air duct frame 120, thereby forming a good seal.

[0246] In one embodiment, the negative pressure fan is a fan without a plastic cover. The first sealing gasket 410 serves as the cover of the negative pressure fan, effectively buffering the vibration of the negative pressure fan and reducing noise. At the same time, it avoids loosening of components caused by vibration, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the air quality detection device.

[0247] It should be noted that the material of the first sealing gasket 410 can be rubber, silicone or other materials with good elasticity and sealing performance. This material selection can significantly improve the sealing effect and ensure that gas does not leak from the joint under negative pressure environment.

[0248] In one embodiment, the design of first sealing gasket 410 can also be combined with a combination of multiple sealing gaskets. Specifically, at least two or more sealing gaskets can be provided to form a multi-layer seal. This design not only improves the sealing effect, but also enhances the vibration buffering effect to a certain extent, further improving the operating stability of the air quality detection device.

[0249] As a feasible implementation, the negative pressure assembly 600 further includes a second sealing gasket 420 , which is disposed between the negative pressure fan and the lower shell 110 .

[0250] Exemplarily, the second sealing pad 420 may be a circular sponge pad, and the second sealing pad 420 has the function of buffering the vibration of the fan.

[0251] As a feasible embodiment, the negative pressure assembly 600 further includes a third sealing gasket 430, which is disposed between the air outlet of the negative pressure fan and the exhaust port 137. This design can effectively prevent air leakage between the negative pressure fan and the exhaust port 125, thereby ensuring the efficiency and stability of gas flow.

[0252] As a feasible implementation manner, the air quality detection device further includes a connecting piece, and the air duct frame 120 is connected to the negative pressure component 600 via the connecting piece.

[0253] For example, the connecting member may be a connecting post 930. By using the connecting post 930, the air duct frame 120 and the negative pressure assembly 600 of the air quality detection device can be firmly combined together, thereby improving the stability and durability of the overall structure of the air quality detection device. In addition, because the connecting post 930 is easy to install and remove, the use of the connecting post may simplify the assembly and maintenance process of the air quality detection device.

[0254] Exemplarily, the mounting cavity 138 of the lower shell 110 has a positioning column 940 for positioning the negative pressure assembly 600 .

[0255] As a feasible embodiment, the air duct frame 120 and the lower shell 110 are detachably connected. Through the detachable connection design, the air duct frame 120 can be easily separated from the lower shell 110. This design usually adopts bolts, buckles 132 or other quick connection mechanisms.

[0256] As a feasible implementation, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on the air duct frame 120 .

[0257] The provision of multiple reinforcing ribs on the duct frame 120 significantly increases the strength and rigidity of the structure. This helps to resist external pressure and vibration, ensuring the stability and durability of the air quality detection device. The rib design improves structural strength without significantly increasing weight, thereby maintaining the lightweight nature of the air quality detection device.

[0258] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the housing structure is further provided with an air collecting portion 131, which is provided with an air collecting channel. The air collecting channel is respectively connected to the mounting cavity 138 and the exhaust hole 125. The inner diameter of the air collecting portion 131 gradually decreases along the gas flow direction in the detection channel.

[0259] Specifically, the air collecting portion 131 can be funnel-shaped, effectively guiding the flow of gas through the detection channel. As the inner diameter gradually decreases, the airflow within the air collecting portion 131 accelerates, increasing the velocity and kinetic energy of the gas flow. This design has the advantage of reducing resistance to the airflow and facilitating rapid gas discharge.

[0260] Furthermore, the design of the air collecting portion 131 can also achieve multiple different channel distributions, such as providing two or three airflow channels to create a diversion effect. Specifically, the number of these channels can be one, two, or more, and this is not a single limitation. By providing multiple channels, the system's gas collection capacity can be further improved, ensuring stable airflow output under different operating conditions, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the device.

[0261] As a feasible implementation method, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 13 and Figure 17 As shown, the air quality detection device further includes a circuit assembly connected to the housing structure. The circuit assembly includes a circuit board 700, which is communicatively connected to the gas detection assembly.

[0262] In the present embodiment, a control module may be provided on the circuit board 700, and the control module is communicated with the gas detection component to realize the control of the gas detection component and the transceiver function of the signal. The control module includes but is not limited to a PLC programmable logic controller, a 32-bit microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M core of STM32, a single-chip microcomputer, an FPGA field programmable logic gate array, and an ARM processor advanced reduced instruction set machine. The setting of these control modules can not only improve the operating efficiency of the equipment, but also effectively monitor the state of the air quality detection device. During specific implementation, different control modules are selected to achieve different technical effects. For example, using STM32 can make the equipment have a faster processing speed, while adopting PLC helps to realize complex control logic.

[0263] In other embodiments, the circuit board 700 may also be connected to an external control module via a cable. This external connection method enhances the flexibility of the system, allowing users to monitor and control the operating status of the air quality detection device in real time, adapting to changing environmental requirements, and thus improving the usability of the overall system.

[0264] Exemplarily, a power connector 710 and a fan connector 720 are provided on the circuit board 700 . The fan connector 720 is located on both sides of the circuit board 700 . The circuit board 700 compresses the air duct sealing gasket 400 to achieve the purpose of sealing the detection channel.

[0265] A receiver 740 is also provided on the circuit board 700. The receiver 740 detects the amount and intensity of scattered light and then converts it into a signal through the circuit board to measure the PM2.5 concentration value.

[0266] The circuit board 700 and the pins of the light board 213 are connected by the spring 730 , which is convenient for installation and saves time.

[0267] As an achievable embodiment, the circuit assembly further includes a shielding cover 800, which is detachably connected to the circuit board 700. A fixing clip 750 is provided on the circuit board 700, and the shielding cover 800 is at least partially covered on the circuit board 700 and detachably connected to the fixing clip 750.

[0268] In this embodiment, the design of the fixing clip 750 allows the user to easily install and remove the shielding cover 800. It should be noted that the shielding cover 800 not only effectively prevents external electromagnetic interference from affecting the circuit board 700, but also protects circuit components, reducing the intrusion of dust and moisture, thereby improving the stability and service life of the device. The shielding cover 800 can be made of metal or plastic, with specific implementations including aluminum and engineering plastics. Aluminum, due to its excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, is suitable for use in demanding electromagnetic shielding applications; engineering plastics have unique advantages in reducing weight and cost.

[0269] In addition, the shielding cover 800 can be customized according to actual application requirements, such as adjusting its thickness, shape, or surface treatment to optimize its shielding effect. This is not a single limitation, and users can flexibly select materials and structures based on specific design requirements. It is worth noting that when the shielding cover 800 fails to effectively cover the circuit board 700, it may cause increased electromagnetic interference, thereby affecting the normal operation of the device and even causing erroneous data collection and functional failure. Therefore, a good shielding design is crucial to ensuring the performance of the air quality detection device.

[0270] Exemplarily, a shielding cover 800 is provided on the circuit board 700, and there are protrusions at both ends of the shielding cover 800, which are fixed by clips. Above the shielding cover 800 is the upper shell 100, and the upper surface of the upper shell 100 is uneven. The upper shell 100 is assembled with the snap-fit portion 136 of the lower shell 110 through the snap 132.

[0271] Among them, reference Figure 16 As shown, the upper surface of the air duct sealing gasket 400 has a rectangular groove for placing the shielding cover 810. A circular hole is opened in the center of the rectangular groove for receiving scattered light.

[0272] During the installation of the air quality detection device, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 is directly installed into the card slot of the accommodating cavity 127, without the need to fix the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 to the shell structure. After that, the air duct sealing gasket 400 is installed, and the circuit board 700 is pressed against the air duct sealing gasket 400 by screws to lock it on the detection cavity 123. The circuit board 700 and the pins of the light board 213 are connected by the spring clip 730, which is convenient for installation and saves time. Then install the shielding cover 800, install the negative pressure assembly 600 to the air duct frame 120, and finally install the upper shell 100 and the lower shell 110 to achieve rapid assembly of the product.

[0273] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0274] vehicle body; and air quality detection device.

[0275] It can be understood that in the vehicle of this embodiment, by setting the air quality detection device of any of the above embodiments, the air quality detection device of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of low detection efficiency of traditional vehicle-mounted air quality detection devices by setting two detection channels in conjunction with the gas detection component. The vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 of the gas detection component is capable of generating a circular and symmetrical light beam. The vertical cavity structure of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 enables the laser to be emitted perpendicular to the surface of the chip 211. This structure allows the vertical cavity surface emitting laser 210 to have a shorter cavity length, thereby achieving high optical gain and narrow emission spectrum line width to accurately detect the absorption characteristics of specific gases, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the air quality detection device, while reducing power consumption and improving the efficiency of the air quality detection device to evaluate the air pollution conditions under different environments, thereby enhancing the detection effect of the air quality detection device.

[0276] Specifically, the negative pressure component 600 provided in the air quality detection device is designed to effectively drive the external airflow along the detection channel, ensuring that the external air is introduced and monitored in a timely manner. This not only increases the flexibility and response speed of the detection, but also greatly improves the ability to sense pollutant concentrations in environments with poor air quality. When this air quality detection device is used in a vehicle, during the driving process of the vehicle, whether facing external pollutants or the PM2.5 level inside the vehicle, accurate air quality information can be obtained in a timely manner, thereby prompting the air quality purification system to make real-time adjustments.

[0277] In summary, the air quality detection device of the present invention significantly improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of vehicle-mounted air quality detection, providing a strong guarantee for improving the health and comfort of passengers.

[0278] As a feasible implementation manner, the first detection channel 300 in the air quality detection device is connected to the external environment of the vehicle body.

[0279] In one embodiment, the air quality detection device is provided with a first detection channel 300, which is connected to the external environment of the vehicle body. Specifically, in the external detection channel, the gas detection component is equipped with a PM2.5 sensor for monitoring the PM2.5 status in the external environment.

[0280] During use, under the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan, the gas outside the vehicle first flows through the PM2.5 sensor inside the vehicle, and the PM2.5 concentration is detected by the sensor. After analysis, the gas is finally discharged to the outside of the air quality detection device through the negative pressure component 600.

[0281] As a feasible implementation manner, the second detection channel 310 in the air quality detection device is connected to the internal environment of the vehicle body.

[0282] In one embodiment, the air quality detection device is provided with a second detection channel 310, which is connected to the interior environment of the vehicle. Specifically, in the in-vehicle detection channel, the gas detection component is equipped with a PM2.5 sensor for monitoring the PM2.5 status in the in-vehicle environment.

[0283] During use, under the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan, the gas inside the car first flows through the PM2.5 sensor inside the car, and the PM2.5 concentration is detected by the sensor. After analysis, the gas is finally discharged outside the air quality detection device through the negative pressure component 600.

[0284] In another embodiment, referring to Figure 10 、 Figure 18As shown, the air quality detection device is provided with two detection channels, which are connected to the external environment and internal environment of the vehicle body respectively, forming an in-vehicle detection channel and an out-vehicle detection channel. Specifically, the gas detection component in the in-vehicle detection channel, i.e., the second detection channel 310, is equipped with a PM2.5 sensor for detecting the PM2.5 status in the vehicle; in the out-vehicle detection channel, the gas detection component 200 is equipped with a PM2.5 sensor for monitoring the PM2.5 status in the environment outside the vehicle. The flow direction of the airflow is referred to as Figure 10 、 Figure 18 The direction indicated by the black arrow.

[0285] During use, the in-vehicle detection channel and the out-vehicle detection channel are independent channel structures. Under the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan, the air inside the vehicle first flows through the PM2.5 sensor inside the vehicle, which detects the PM2.5 concentration. After analysis, the gas is finally discharged outside the air quality detection device through the negative pressure component 600. In the out-vehicle detection channel, the negative pressure component 600 also generates negative pressure. The external air first flows through the PM2.5 sensor outside the vehicle, undergoes PM2.5 detection, and finally the negative pressure component discharges the gas out of the air quality detection device. Through this design, the air quality detection device can provide comprehensive information support for monitoring the air quality inside and outside the vehicle.

[0286] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily identify other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An air quality detection device, characterized in that: include: The housing structure is provided with at least one detection channel; A gas detection component is provided, the gas detection component being located in the detection channel, and the gas detection component comprising a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210).

2. The air quality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210) comprises a chip (211), and the light emitting direction of the chip (211) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the chip (211).

3. The air quality detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas detection component further comprises a lens (212), wherein the lens (212) is arranged on one side of the light emitting direction of the chip (211).

4. The air quality detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chip (211) comprises a substrate, an N-type electrode, an N-type Bragg reflector, an active gain region, a P-type Bragg reflector and a P-type electrode, which are sequentially stacked along a light-emitting direction of the chip (211).

5. The air quality detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lens (212) is arranged on a side of the P-type electrode away from the P-type Bragg reflector.

6. The air quality detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing structure includes an air duct component, and the air duct component forms the detection channel.

7. The air quality detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air duct assembly comprises air guide ribs (121), and the air guide ribs (121) enclose a detection cavity (123).

8. The air quality detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air inlet hole (122) is provided on the air guide rib (121), and the air inlet hole (122) is connected to the detection cavity (123).

9. The air quality detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air duct assembly comprises an air duct frame (120), and the air duct frame (120) is provided with an exhaust hole (125).

10. The air quality detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The exhaust hole (125) is connected to the detection cavity (123), and the air inlet (122), the exhaust hole (125) and the detection cavity (123) together form the detection channel.

11. The air quality detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Part of the gas detection component is arranged in the detection cavity (123), and the gas detection component is used to detect the gas flowing through the detection cavity (123).

12. The air quality detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are two detection channels, namely a first detection channel (300) and a second detection channel (310); wherein the two gas detection components are respectively arranged in the detection cavity (123) of the first detection channel (300) and the detection cavity (123) of the second detection channel (310).

13. The air quality detection device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The gas detection component further comprises a light receiving module, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210) and the light receiving module are arranged opposite to each other, and an optical path is formed between the vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210) and the light receiving module, and the optical path at least passes through the detection cavity (123).

14. The air quality detection device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The air duct assembly comprises a first mounting rib (126), and the first mounting rib (126) encloses an accommodating cavity (127).

15. The air quality detection device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The air duct assembly further comprises a second mounting rib (128), and the second mounting rib (128) encloses a light receiving cavity (129).

16. The air quality detection device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The accommodating cavity (127) and the detection cavity (123) are in communication.

17. The air quality detection device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The light receiving cavity (129) and the detection cavity (123) are in communication.

18. The air quality detection device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (127).

19. The air quality detection device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The light receiving module is arranged in the detection cavity (123) and is used to receive the laser light emitted by the vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210).

20. The air quality detection device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The direction of the accommodating cavity (127) toward the light receiving cavity (129) is a first direction, and the first direction is arranged at an angle to the airflow direction in the detection cavity (123).

21. The air quality detection device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The second mounting rib (128) is provided with an extinction portion (130) on the inner wall of the light receiving cavity (129), and the extinction portion (130) is used to absorb laser light emitted by the vertical cavity surface emitting laser (210).

22. The air quality detection device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The air duct assembly further includes a first aperture (500).

23. The air quality detection device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The number of the first apertures (500) is at least two.

24. The air quality detection device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The direction from the accommodating cavity (127) toward the light receiving cavity (129) is a first direction, and along the first direction, at least two first apertures (500) are arranged at intervals.

25. The air quality detection device according to claim 24, characterized in that: The first aperture (500) is provided with a first light-transmitting groove (510).

26. The air quality detection device according to claim 25, characterized in that: The first mounting rib (126) is provided with a first accommodating groove (580).

27. The air quality detection device according to claim 26, characterized in that: There are multiple first accommodating grooves (580).

28. The air quality detection device according to claim 27, characterized in that: The plurality of first apertures (500) are located in the plurality of first accommodating grooves (580) in a one-to-one correspondence.

29. The air quality detection device according to claim 28, characterized in that: The air guide rib (121) is connected to the air duct frame (120), and the air duct assembly further includes an air duct sealing gasket (400). The air duct sealing gasket (400) is connected to the air duct frame (120) and covers the air guide rib (121), and the air duct sealing gasket (400) and the air guide rib (121) enclose the detection cavity (123).

30. The air quality detection device according to claim 29, characterized in that: The air duct sealing gasket (400) is provided with an accommodating hole (401), and the accommodating hole (401) is used to accommodate the gas detection component.

31. The air quality detection device according to claim 29, characterized in that: The first aperture is arranged on the air duct frame (120).

32. The air quality detection device according to claim 31, characterized in that: The air duct assembly also includes a second aperture (520).

33. The air quality detection device according to claim 32, characterized in that: The second aperture (520) is arranged on the air duct sealing gasket (400).

34. The air quality detection device according to claim 32, characterized in that: The number of the second apertures (520) is at least two.

35. The air quality detection device according to claim 34, characterized in that: The direction from the accommodating cavity (127) toward the light receiving cavity (129) is a first direction, and along the first direction, at least two second apertures (520) are arranged at intervals.

36. The air quality detection device according to claim 35, characterized in that: The second aperture (520) is provided with a second light-transmitting groove (530).

37. The air quality detection device according to claim 36, characterized in that: The air duct sealing gasket (400) is provided with a second accommodating groove (440).

38. The air quality detection device according to claim 37, characterized in that: There are multiple second accommodating grooves (440).

39. The air quality detection device according to claim 38, characterized in that: The plurality of second apertures (520) are located in the plurality of second accommodating grooves (440) in a one-to-one correspondence.

40. The air quality detection device according to claim 39, characterized in that: A direction perpendicular to the accommodating cavity (127) and toward the light receiving cavity (129) is a second direction, and along the second direction, the first diaphragm (500) and the second diaphragm (520) are arranged relative to each other.

41. The air quality detection device according to claim 40, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the first light-through slots (510) of the plurality of first apertures (500) and the second light-through slots (530) of the plurality of second apertures (520) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and form a plurality of first light-through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

42. The air quality detection device according to claim 41, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of first light-passing holes gradually decrease.

43. The air quality detection device according to claim 41, characterized in that The first light-through hole is connected to the accommodating cavity (127) and the detection cavity (123) respectively, and the light path passes through the first light-through hole.

44. The air quality detection device according to claim 43, characterized in that: The air duct assembly further comprises a third aperture (540), the third aperture (540) being formed with a second light-through hole (550), the second light-through hole (550) being used for conducting light between the light-receiving cavity (129) and the detection cavity (123).

45. The air quality detection device according to claim 44, characterized in that: The air duct sealing gasket (400) is formed with a light blocking member (450), the light blocking member (450) is located in the detection cavity (123), and the light blocking member (450) is located between the first light through hole and the second light through hole (550).

46. The air quality detection device according to any one of claims 9 to 45, characterized in that: The housing structure comprises a lower shell (110).

47. The air quality detection device according to claim 46, characterized in that The housing structure further comprises an upper shell (100), and the upper shell (100) is detachably connected to the lower shell (110).

48. The air quality detection device according to claim 47, characterized in that: The lower shell (110) is provided with a mounting groove (134).

49. The air quality detection device according to claim 48, characterized in that The air duct assembly comprises an air inlet pipe (135), the air inlet pipe (135) is accommodated in the mounting groove (134), the air inlet pipe (135) is connected to the air duct frame (120), and the interior of the air inlet pipe (135) is communicated with the detection cavity (123).

50. The air quality detection device according to claim 47, characterized in that: The upper shell (100) is provided with a buckle (132), and the lower shell (110) is provided with a clamping portion (136), and the buckle (132) is clamped and matched with the clamping portion (136).

51. The air quality detection device according to claim 46, characterized in that The lower shell (110) is provided with an exhaust port (137), and the exhaust port (137) is connected to the exhaust hole (125).

52. The air quality detection device according to claim 51, characterized in that: The air quality detection device further comprises a negative pressure component (600), wherein the negative pressure component (600) is arranged on the housing structure, and the negative pressure component (600) is used to drive external airflow to flow along the detection channel and discharge the detection channel.

53. The air quality detection device according to claim 52, characterized in that: An installation cavity (138) is provided inside the housing structure, and the installation cavity (138) is communicated with the detection channel.

54. The air quality detection device according to claim 53, characterized in that: The negative pressure assembly (600) is disposed in the installation cavity (138).

55. The air quality detection device according to claim 54, characterized in that: The exhaust port (137) is connected to the installation cavity (138).

56. The air quality detection device according to claim 52, characterized in that: The negative pressure component (600) includes a negative pressure fan.

57. The air quality detection device according to claim 56, characterized in that: The negative pressure assembly (600) further comprises a first sealing gasket (410), wherein the first sealing gasket (410) is covered on the negative pressure fan.

58. The air quality detection device according to claim 57, characterized in that: The first sealing gasket (410) is located between the negative pressure fan and the air duct frame (120).

59. The air quality detection device according to claim 56, characterized in that The negative pressure assembly (600) further comprises a second sealing gasket (420), wherein the second sealing gasket (420) is arranged between the negative pressure fan and the lower shell (110).

60. The air quality detection device according to claim 56, characterized in that: The negative pressure assembly (600) further comprises a third sealing gasket (430), wherein the third sealing gasket (430) is arranged between the air outlet of the negative pressure fan and the exhaust port (137).

61. The air quality detection device according to claim 52, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting piece, and the air duct frame (120) is connected to the negative pressure assembly (600) via the connecting piece.

62. The air quality detection device according to claim 46, characterized in that The air duct frame (120) and the lower shell (110) are detachably connected.

63. The air quality detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that The air duct frame (120) is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs.

64. The air quality detection device according to claim 53, characterized in that: The shell structure is further provided with an air collecting portion (131), and the air collecting portion (131) is provided with an air collecting channel.

65. The air quality detection device according to claim 64, characterized in that The air collecting channel is respectively connected to the installation cavity (138) and the exhaust hole (125).

66. The air quality detection device according to claim 64, characterized in that Along the flow direction of the gas in the detection channel, the inner diameter of the air collecting portion (131) gradually decreases.

67. The air quality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that: The air quality detection device further includes a circuit assembly, which is connected to the housing structure.

68. The air quality detection device according to claim 67, characterized in that: The circuit assembly comprises a circuit board (700), and the circuit board (700) is communicatively connected to the gas detection assembly.

69. The air quality detection device according to claim 68, characterized in that The circuit assembly further comprises a shielding cover (800), wherein the shielding cover (800) is detachably connected to the circuit board (700).

70. The air quality detection device according to claim 69, characterized in that A fixing clip (750) is provided on the circuit board (700), the shielding cover (800) is at least partially covered on the circuit board (700), and the shielding cover (800) is detachably connected to the fixing clip (750).

71. The air quality detection device according to claim 47, characterized in that It also includes a base (920), the base (920) being arranged on a side of the lower shell (110) facing away from the upper shell (100), and the base (920) and the lower shell (110) being detachably connected.

72. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: body; as well as An air quality detection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 71.

73. The vehicle according to claim 72, characterized in that The first detection channel (300) in the air quality detection device is connected to the external environment of the vehicle body.

74. The vehicle of claim 72, wherein: The second detection channel (310) in the air quality detection device is connected to the internal environment of the vehicle body.

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