BIM-based power management and control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power management and control, in particular to a BIM-based power management and control method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: extracting building power equipment construction information and material characteristic parameters from a BIM model, combining a temperature change curve in operation data, calculating a material thermal stress accumulated value, and evaluating a damage degree based on a fatigue parameter. And obtaining a thermal damage evaluation result of the power equipment. According to the invention, by analyzing the construction information and the operation data of the power equipment, the damage identification precision is improved, the power supply path is optimized based on the comparison of the damage value and the durability limit, the power distribution is dynamically adjusted by using the real-time load data to prevent overload, and the fault propagation is deduced by combining the fault node power supply line, the power flow direction and the impedance parameter. And through the adjustment capability and the power attenuation ratio of the standby power supply path, a recovery scheme is optimized, and based on BIM data dynamic updating, intelligent cooperation of monitoring, evaluation, adjustment and recovery is realized, and the operation efficiency and the strain capability of the power grid are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power management and control, and in particular to a BIM-based power management and control method and system. Background Art

[0002] The field of power control technology encompasses multiple aspects, including the operational monitoring, dispatching, management, and optimization of power systems. This technical field involves the collection, processing, and analysis of various types of data during power production, transmission, distribution, and consumption to ensure the reliability and security of power supply. Core content includes power load forecasting, fault diagnosis and repair, power equipment monitoring and maintenance, and optimized dispatching of power networks. With the increasing complexity of power systems, especially in the context of smart grids and distributed energy applications, the integration, automation, and intelligence of power control technology have gradually become research focuses. Technologies in this field are constantly evolving with the goal of improving the operational efficiency of power systems, reducing energy consumption, optimizing resource allocation, and ensuring the stability and security of power systems.

[0003] Among them, the BIM-based power management and control method and system refers to a power management and control solution that combines building information modeling technology, which is mainly used to improve the visualization, accuracy and intelligence level of power management and control. The subject of this patent mainly addresses how to effectively introduce BIM technology in power system management, and use BIM models to layout power facilities, monitor the status of power equipment, integrate data and update in real time. Specifically, the patent realizes three-dimensional visual management of power system components by constructing BIM models related to power management and control, and supports the collection and monitoring of operating data of power facilities. This method covers the whole process management of the life cycle of power facilities, including real-time information updates and collaborative work in the design, construction, operation and maintenance stages. This method is based on the BIM model for power management and control, which can realize dynamic monitoring of the location, function and status of power facilities, and ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the power management and control system at each stage.

[0004] Existing technologies for power system monitoring and control have numerous limitations, primarily due to a lack of physical parameter calculations for power equipment damage assessment, making it difficult to quantify the impact of thermal stress accumulation on power equipment lifespan, resulting in low fault prediction capabilities. Traditional power equipment condition monitoring relies on static data, making it difficult to dynamically track the actual operating status of power equipment, which can lead to delayed fault identification. Load adjustment strategies typically employ fixed rules, making it difficult to adjust based on real-time load data, resulting in a lack of flexibility in grid scheduling. Fault propagation path analysis is limited to a single-parameter model, making it difficult to accurately deduce the scope of a fault's impact on the entire system, making it difficult to tailor restoration measures. Existing power restoration plans primarily rely on pre-set paths, failing to fully consider the load capacity and losses of backup power supply paths. This can lead to inappropriate restoration path selection and compromise grid stability. Regarding intelligent management, existing technologies fail to fully utilize the dynamic update capabilities of BIM data, resulting in relatively delayed condition monitoring and power supply adjustments for power facilities and hindering the development of an efficient intelligent power management and control system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a BIM-based power management and control method and system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a BIM-based power management and control method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Extract the structural information and material characteristic parameters of the building power equipment from the BIM model, combine them with the temperature change curve in the operation data, calculate the cumulative value of the material thermal stress, and evaluate the damage degree based on fatigue parameters to obtain the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment;

[0008] S2: Based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, obtain the component durability limit, compare the current damage value, screen the power equipment that exceeds the threshold, locate the power supply path through the BIM topology data, extract the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters, mark the damaged power equipment, and obtain the damaged power equipment screening results;

[0009] S3: Based on the damaged power equipment screening results, read the power adjustment range, overload tolerance, and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment, calculate the power deviation of the load node, allocate power and adjust the load pressure, calculate the load fluctuation range, and obtain the dynamic load balancing adjustment result after adjustment;

[0010] S4: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment result, call the BIM model data to analyze the power supply line, load power equipment and switch status of the fault node, calculate the voltage offset value, extract the power flow direction and impedance parameters, deduce the fault propagation path, and determine the fault propagation impact range.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment include the cumulative value of thermal stress, the degree of thermal cycle damage, and fatigue parameters; the damaged power equipment screening results include damaged power equipment, power supply path, load power equipment, and regulation capability parameters; the dynamic load balancing adjustment results include the real-time power deviation of the load node, load adjustment strategy, power change trend, and load fluctuation range; the fault propagation impact interval includes voltage offset value, power change, impedance parameters, overload, and fault propagation path.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the structural information and material characteristic parameters of the building power equipment are extracted from the BIM model, the temperature change curve in the operation data is combined to calculate the cumulative value of the material thermal stress, and the damage degree is evaluated based on the fatigue parameters. The specific steps for obtaining the thermal damage assessment result of the power equipment are as follows:

[0013] S101: Obtaining the structural information of the power equipment in the BIM model, extracting the material characteristic parameters of the main structure, connecting components, and heat dissipation elements, including thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, calling the temperature change curve in the power equipment operation data, obtaining the temperature value corresponding to the component at the difference time node in the temperature change curve, and generating the component temperature gradient value based on the material characteristic parameters and temperature change of the component;

[0014] S102: Calculating the temperature change rate of the component within the difference period based on the component temperature gradient value, screening components whose temperature change rate exceeds a set threshold, calculating the cumulative value of the temperature change within the difference period, and calculating the cumulative thermal stress value of the component in combination with the thermal expansion coefficient of the material to obtain the cumulative thermal stress amount of the component;

[0015] S103: Call the cumulative thermal stress of the component, combine it with the fatigue parameters of the component material, calculate the damage degree of the component under the action of thermal cycling, accumulate the damage results in consecutive cycles, screen components with damage degrees exceeding a reference threshold, calculate the thermal damage level of the overall power equipment, and generate a thermal damage assessment result for the power equipment.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, the component durability limit is obtained, the current damage value is compared, the power equipment exceeding the threshold is screened, the power supply path is located through BIM topology data, the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters are extracted, and the damaged power equipment is marked. The specific steps of obtaining the damaged power equipment screening results are:

[0017] S201: Based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, compare the thermal stress damage value and durability limit of the power equipment, screen out power equipment whose damage value exceeds the durability limit, and generate a list of power equipment exceeding the damage threshold;

[0018] S202: Retrieving the above-damage-threshold power equipment list, obtaining the location information and power equipment number of the power equipment, extracting the power supply network connection information of the power equipment in combination with the BIM topology data, analyzing the topological association between the power equipment, locating the power supply path of the damaged power equipment, and generating the power supply path information of the damaged power equipment;

[0019] S203: Call the power supply path information of the damaged power equipment, obtain the operating parameters of the load power equipment in the path, analyze the load status, regulation capability and rated operating capacity of the load power equipment, compare the regulation capability parameters with the power supply requirements, mark the damaged power equipment that affects the power supply stability in the power supply path, and obtain the damaged power equipment screening results.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the damaged power equipment screening results, the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment are read, the load node power deviation is calculated, the power is allocated and the load pressure is adjusted, the load fluctuation range is calculated, and the specific steps of obtaining the dynamic load balancing adjustment result after adjustment are as follows:

[0021] S301: Obtaining the damaged power equipment screening results, reading the power adjustment range, overload tolerance, and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment, comparing the power adjustment range with the overload tolerance, screening power equipment that has the ability to adjust under the current load level, using the real-time load data to calculate the load level of the current power equipment, calculating the power that can be adjusted by the current power equipment without exceeding the adjustment capability range, and generating an adjustable power range;

[0022] S302: Based on the adjustable power range, calculate the real-time power deviation of the load node, match the real-time power of the load node with the adjustable power of the current power equipment, calculate the power gap and surplus power of the node load, compare the adjustable power range to screen load nodes that can be compensated or reduced in power, and generate a load pressure distribution area before adjustment;

[0023] S303: Perform power distribution according to the load pressure distribution area before adjustment, compare the load gap of the node with the power adjustment capability of the adjustable power equipment, collect the adjusted load data and monitor the power change trend, calculate the load fluctuation range, and obtain the dynamic load balancing adjustment result after adjustment.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific calculation formula for calculating the power gap or surplus power of the node load is:

[0025]

[0026] Calculate the load power deviation and generate the load pressure distribution area before adjustment;

[0027] Among them, P Δi Represents the power deviation of load node i, P Li Represents the real-time power of load node i, P Ai Represents the adjustable power of the current power equipment to the load node i, P Cj Represents the power adjustment contribution value of load node j, W ij represents the association weight between load node i and load node j, and n represents the total number of adjustable load nodes.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment result, calling BIM model data to analyze the power supply line of the fault node, the load power equipment and the switch status, calculating the voltage offset value, extracting the power flow direction and impedance parameters, deducing the fault propagation path, and determining the fault propagation impact range are as follows:

[0029] S401: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment value, the BIM model is called to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment and switch status of the fault node, match the fault node with the topology of the power supply line, extract the load power equipment associated with the fault node, calculate the initial reference value of the fault node voltage, compare it with the current operating voltage of the load power equipment, calculate the voltage drop in the power supply path, and obtain the voltage offset value;

[0030] S402: Based on the voltage offset value, calculate the power change value of the affected load power equipment, extract the active power and reactive power data of the load power equipment on the power supply line of the fault node, compare the data with the power data before the voltage offset, calculate the power change value of the power equipment, calculate the total power change trend of the load power equipment based on the power change value, and obtain power change data;

[0031] S403: Based on the power change data and according to the power change value of the load power equipment, the power redistribution on the power supply line is analyzed, the overload increment on the power supply path is calculated, the path with the overload increment greater than the reference threshold is extracted, the fault propagation path is deduced, and the fault propagation impact range is determined in combination with the topological structure of the power supply line to obtain the fault propagation impact interval.

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific formula for calculating the power change is:

[0033]

[0034] Calculate the power change of power equipment and obtain the power change;

[0035] Where, ΔS i Represents the power change of the i-th load power equipment, ΔP iRepresents the active power change value of the i-th load power equipment, ΔQ i represents the reactive power change value of the i-th load power equipment, k represents the influence coefficient of active power change, m represents the influence coefficient of reactive power change, Represents the sum of all affected load power equipment, Z ij represents the impedance parameter between the i-th power device and the j-th power device on the power supply line of the fault node, ΔP j Represents the active power change value of the jth load power equipment, ΔQ j represents the reactive power change value of the jth load power device, and N represents the total number of load power devices affected on the power supply line.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:

[0037] S5: Based on the fault propagation impact range, extract the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path, calculate the power attenuation ratio of the restoration path, compare the power losses under different paths, select the restoration path with the smallest power loss, dynamically adjust the power supply topology of the affected area through the BIM model, and analyze the stability of the power grid after restoration;

[0038] The power supply restoration path includes a backup power supply path, power regulation capability, power attenuation ratio, power supply topology, and grid stability;

[0039] The specific steps of S5 are:

[0040] S501: Obtain information about power supply paths within the fault propagation impact interval, extract the power regulation capability value of the backup power supply path, call the rated power of the power equipment in the power supply path, the current load status, and the power change of the fault node, calculate the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path, compare the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path with the load power requirement, select the backup power supply path that meets the load power requirement, and obtain a backup power supply path screening list;

[0041] S502: Based on the backup power supply path screening list, call the line impedance, voltage drop, and current loss values of the screened backup power supply paths, calculate the power attenuation ratio of the screened backup power supply paths, and screen and obtain the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio;

[0042] S503: Call the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio, adjust the grid topology connection mode according to the power supply topology structure of the affected area in the BIM model, redistribute the power load in the affected area, monitor the voltage fluctuation, line loss and load balance after restoration, and calculate the stability of the grid after restoration.

[0043] A BIM-based power management and control system, comprising:

[0044] The power equipment thermal damage assessment module obtains power equipment structural information from the BIM model, extracts material property parameters of the main structure, connecting components, and heat dissipation elements, retrieves thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient data, analyzes temperature change curves in power equipment operation data, calculates the temperature difference changes of components within the differential cycle, calculates the accumulated thermal stress value of the material based on the temperature difference changes and material property parameters, and evaluates the degree of thermal cycle damage in combination with fatigue parameters to obtain the power equipment thermal damage assessment results;

[0045] The damaged power equipment screening module compares the current thermal stress damage value with the durability limit based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, screens the power equipment whose damage exceeds the threshold, uses the BIM topology data to locate the power supply path where the damaged power equipment is located, extracts the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters, and obtains the damaged power equipment screening results;

[0046] The dynamic load balancing adjustment module reads the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment based on the damaged power equipment screening results, calculates the real-time power deviation of the load node, performs power allocation, executes the load adjustment strategy, and obtains the dynamic load balancing adjustment result;

[0047] The fault propagation impact analysis module uses the BIM model to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment and switch status of the fault node based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment result, calculates the voltage offset value of the fault node, analyzes the power change of the affected load power equipment, and determines the fault propagation impact range;

[0048] The power supply restoration path optimization module extracts the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path based on the fault propagation impact interval, calculates the power attenuation ratio of the restoration path, screens the restoration path, calls the BIM model to adjust the power supply topology of the affected area, and analyzes the stability of the power grid after restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the steps of S1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the steps of S2 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the steps of S3 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the steps of S4 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the steps of S5 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 It is a system module diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," and the like, indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0058] See also Figure 1 , a BIM-based power management and control method, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1: Extract the structural information of the power equipment from the BIM model, obtain the material properties of the main structure, connecting parts and heat dissipation elements, including thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, call the temperature change curve in the power equipment operation data, analyze the temperature difference changes of the components within the differential cycle, calculate the cumulative thermal stress value of the material, and combine fatigue parameters to evaluate the degree of thermal cycle damage to obtain the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment;

[0060] S2: Based on the thermal damage assessment results of power equipment, compare the current thermal stress damage value with the durability limit, screen power equipment with damage exceeding the threshold, locate the power supply path where the damaged power equipment is located using BIM topology data, extract the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters, mark the damaged power equipment, and obtain the damaged power equipment screening results;

[0061] S3: Based on the results of the damaged power equipment screening, the power adjustment range, overload tolerance, and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment are read, the real-time power deviation of the load node is calculated, power allocation is performed, the load pressure of the power equipment before and after adjustment is compared, the power change trend is monitored, the load fluctuation range is calculated, and the dynamic load balancing adjustment result is obtained after adjustment;

[0062] S4: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment value, the BIM model is used to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment, and switch status of the fault node, calculate the voltage offset value of the fault node, analyze the power changes of the affected load power equipment, extract the power flow direction and impedance parameters, calculate the overload after redistribution, deduce the fault propagation path, and determine the fault propagation impact range;

[0063] S5: Based on the fault propagation impact range, extract the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path, calculate the power attenuation ratio of the restoration path, compare the power loss under different paths, screen the restoration path, dynamically adjust the power supply topology of the affected area through the BIM model, and analyze the stability of the power grid after restoration.

[0064] The results of thermal damage assessment of power equipment include the cumulative value of thermal stress, degree of thermal cycle damage, and fatigue parameters. The results of damaged power equipment screening include damaged power equipment, power supply path, load power equipment, and regulation capability parameters. The results of dynamic load balancing adjustment include real-time power deviation of load nodes, load adjustment strategy, power change trend, and load fluctuation range. The fault propagation impact range includes voltage offset value, power change, impedance parameters, overload, and fault propagation path. The power supply recovery path includes backup power supply path, power regulation capability, power attenuation ratio, power supply topology, and grid stability.

[0065] See also Figure 2 , the specific steps of S1 are:

[0066] S101: Obtaining the structural information of the power equipment in the BIM model, extracting the material characteristic parameters of the main structure, connecting components, and heat dissipation elements, including thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, calling the temperature change curve in the power equipment operation data, obtaining the temperature value corresponding to the component at the difference time node in the temperature change curve, and generating the component temperature gradient value based on the material characteristic parameters and temperature change of the component;

[0067] To obtain the structural information of power equipment in the BIM model, it is first necessary to parse the BIM model file format, such as IFC and Revit. IFC files can obtain structured data by parsing their XML or STEP expressions. The key information to be extracted includes the name, category, geometry, associated components, material type, etc. of the power equipment. For example, in the "IFCMATERIAL" table of the IFC model, the material names of the main structure, connecting parts, and heat dissipation elements can be found. The material library can be further called to match their thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient. Assuming that the material of a main structure is aluminum alloy, its thermal conductivity λ = 205 W / (m·K) and thermal expansion coefficient α = 23.1×10 -6 / K, it is necessary to record and store these parameters. Subsequently, the temperature change curve in the power equipment operation data is called. This curve is generally collected by the sensor and stored in the database. For example, at a certain moment t1 = 0s, the temperature of a component is 25°C, and at t2 = 600s, the temperature of the component rises to 60°C. Based on the temperature data at multiple moments, a temperature change curve f(t) can be established. For the temperature curves of different components, the component temperature change ΔT is obtained within the time interval Δt, and the temperature gradient is calculated. Where Δx is the distance between points inside the material. Assuming ΔT = 35°C and Δx = 0.01m, then Finally, the component temperature gradient value is obtained.

[0068] S102: Calculating the temperature change rate of the component within the difference period based on the component temperature gradient value, screening components whose temperature change rate exceeds a set threshold, calculating the cumulative value of the temperature change within the difference period, and calculating the cumulative thermal stress value of the component in combination with the thermal expansion coefficient of the material to obtain the cumulative thermal stress amount of the component;

[0069] Based on the component temperature gradient value, calculate the temperature change rate of the component in different time periods, and define the temperature change rate V = ΔT / Δt. If ΔT = 35°C and Δt = 600s, then V = 0.0583°C / s. Filter components whose temperature change rate exceeds the set threshold. Assuming the threshold is set to 0.05°C / s, the component meets the screening condition and needs to be further accumulated for the component temperature change rate. The accumulation calculation adopts the time-weighted accumulation method, that is, T accum =Σ(V i ×Δt i ), assuming that the component undergoes n cycles, each cycle Δt i =600s,

[0070] V i =0.0583℃ / s, then after 10 cycles, T accum =0.0583×6000=349.8℃. Then, combined with the thermal expansion coefficient α of the material, the component thermal stress σ=E×α×ΔT is calculated, where E is the elastic modulus of the material. For example, for aluminum alloy, E=70GPa, then σ=70×10 9 ×23.1×10 -6 ×35=56.385MPa, and the cumulative thermal stress of the component is finally obtained.

[0071] S103: Calculate the damage degree of the component under thermal cycling by calling the accumulated thermal stress of the component and combining it with the fatigue parameters of the component material. Accumulate the damage results in consecutive cycles, screen out components whose damage degree exceeds a reference threshold, calculate the thermal damage level of the entire power equipment, and generate a thermal damage assessment result for the power equipment.

[0072] The cumulative thermal stress of the component is calculated in combination with the fatigue parameters of the component material. The fatigue life is usually expressed using the Coffin-Manson relationship, i.e. Δε p =ε f′ (2N f )^c, where Δε p is the plastic strain amplitude, ε f′ is the fatigue ductility coefficient, N f is the fatigue life, c is the material constant, assuming that the aluminum alloy ε f′ =0.32, c=-0.6, Δε is known p =σ / E, then substituting 56.385MPa and E=70GPa yields Δε p =8.055×10 -4 , solve for N f =(8.055×10 -4 / 0.32)^(1 / -0.6)=4.32×10 5 times, accumulating the damage results in multiple cycles, using Miner's law D=Σ(n i / N fi ), where n i D is the number of cycles experienced by a component. Assuming that the current component has undergone 50,000 cycles, then D = 50,000 / 432,000 = 0.1157. Components whose damage level exceeds the set threshold are screened. Assuming that the damage threshold is set to 0.1, the component has exceeded the limit. It is necessary to count the number of all exceeding components and calculate the thermal damage level of the overall power equipment to generate the power equipment thermal damage assessment result.

[0073] See also Figure 3 , the specific steps of S2 are:

[0074] S201: Based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, compare the thermal stress damage value and durability limit of the power equipment, screen out power equipment whose damage value exceeds the durability limit, and generate a list of power equipment exceeding the damage threshold;

[0075] Call the thermal damage assessment results of power equipment, extract the thermal stress damage value and corresponding durability limit of the power equipment, obtain the temperature change curve recorded during the operation of each power equipment, and calculate the thermal stress damage value based on the temperature change rate and the material properties of the power equipment. The calculation method uses the formula

[0076] σ t =α·E·ΔT;

[0077] Among them, σ tis the thermal stress damage value, α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the power equipment material, E is the elastic modulus of the material, ΔT is the temperature change value of the power equipment during the cycle, and the value range is between 10℃-120℃. For each power equipment, the thermal stress damage value in multiple cycles is calculated, and the total damage value is accumulated to obtain the total damage value. The total damage value obtained is compared with the durability limit of the power equipment material. The durability limit is calculated using the formula

[0078]

[0079] Among them, σ d is the endurance limit, S ult is the ultimate stress of the material, N limit is the fatigue life of the power equipment, β is the material fatigue attenuation coefficient, the endurance limit of each power equipment is calculated, and the power equipment with thermal stress damage values exceeding the endurance limit is screened out. During the screening process, duplicate items and outliers in the data records are removed. The judgment of outliers is based on statistical methods. The mean μ and standard deviation σ of the damage value data are taken, and abnormal data exceeding the range of μ±3σ are screened out. The screened data are sorted and a list of power equipment exceeding the damage threshold is established.

[0080] S202: Retrieving a list of power equipment exceeding the damage threshold, obtaining the location information and power equipment number of the power equipment, extracting the power supply network connection information of the power equipment in combination with the BIM topology data, analyzing the topological associations between the power equipment, locating the power supply path of the damaged power equipment, and generating power supply path information of the damaged power equipment;

[0081] The list of power equipment exceeding the damage threshold is called up to obtain the location information and unique power equipment number of each power equipment. The location information is obtained based on the spatial coordinate data of the BIM model, and the power equipment number is derived from the power equipment asset management database. After extracting the power equipment number, the connection relationship between the power equipment and the power grid is analyzed in combination with the BIM topology data. The topological structure of the power supply network can be represented as a graph structure G = (V, E), where V is the power equipment node and E is the power connection between the power equipment. For the screened out power equipment exceeding the damage threshold, its connection relationship is located in the topological structure, and its upstream power supply equipment and downstream power receiving equipment are obtained. The number and location information of the directly connected power equipment are further screened out to construct the power grid topology path. For each path, the topological depth of the power supply network is calculated, that is, the shortest path length from the power equipment exceeding the damage threshold to the upstream main power supply. The calculation method adopts the Dijkstra algorithm to screen out the paths with a larger affected range and organize and generate the power supply path information of the damaged power equipment.

[0082] S203: Retrieving information about the power supply path of the damaged power equipment, obtaining operating parameters of the load power equipment in the path, analyzing the load status, regulation capability, and rated operating capability of the load power equipment, comparing the regulation capability parameters with the power supply demand, marking damaged power equipment in the power supply path that affects power supply stability, and obtaining a damaged power equipment screening result;

[0083] The power supply path information of the damaged power equipment is called to obtain the operating parameters of all load power equipment in the path, including voltage, current, power factor, load rate, etc. The load status of the load power equipment is analyzed. The load status is calculated using the formula:

[0084]

[0085] Where L is the load rate, P actual is the actual load power of the power equipment, P rated For each load power device in the path, calculate its load factor and determine whether it exceeds the set threshold. Power devices with a load factor exceeding 80% are considered high-load power devices. Further, obtain the regulation capacity of the power device. The regulation capacity is calculated using the formula:

[0086] C=P rated -P actual ;

[0087] Where C is the adjustable capacity of the power equipment. If the adjustable capacity of the power equipment is less than 10% of the rated power, the power equipment is determined to have insufficient regulation capability. Ultimately, all power equipment in the power supply path is analyzed to screen out damaged power equipment that affects power supply stability. The damaged power equipment screening results are then compiled and generated.

[0088] See also Figure 4 , the specific steps of S3 are:

[0089] S301: Obtaining the results of screening damaged power equipment, reading the power adjustment range, overload tolerance, and real-time load data of adjustable power equipment, comparing the power adjustment range with the overload tolerance, screening power equipment that has the ability to adjust under the current load level, using the real-time load data to calculate the load level of the current power equipment, calculating the power that can be adjusted by the current power equipment without exceeding the adjustment capability range, and generating an adjustable power range;

[0090] Obtain the screening results of damaged power equipment, read the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of adjustable power equipment. First, screen the damaged power equipment, obtain the operating status, historical fault records and health indicators of each power equipment, and set the threshold of the health indicator. If the power equipment with a health level lower than 0.6 is considered damaged power equipment, it will be removed from the list of adjustable power equipment. Then, obtain the power adjustment range of the adjustable power equipment. This range is set by the power equipment nameplate parameters and the control system, usually expressed as a percentage of the rated power. For example, the rated power of a power equipment is 500kW, and its power If the adjustment range is set to ±20%, the adjustable power range is 400kW to 600kW. At the same time, the overload tolerance of the power equipment is obtained. The overload tolerance indicates the excess load that the power equipment can bear for a short time. For example, if the overload tolerance of a certain power equipment is set to 110%, it can bear a 550kW load for a short time. Then, the real-time load data is called to calculate the current real-time load level of the power equipment. This calculation is based on the sampling data of the SCADA system. For example, if the current load of the power equipment is 450kW, the power that can be adjusted by the current power equipment without exceeding the adjustment capacity range is calculated. The specific calculation formula is:

[0091] P a d j =min(P max ,P over )-P current ;

[0092] Among them, P max is the maximum adjustable power of the power equipment, P over is the overload bearing capacity, P current is the current load, such as the current power equipment P max =600kW, P over =550kW, P current =450kW, then the adjustable power is min(600,550)-450=100kW. Finally, based on the calculation results, the adjustable power range is generated.

[0093] S302: Based on the adjustable power range, the real-time power deviation of the load node is calculated. The real-time power of the load node is matched with the adjustable power of the current power equipment. The power gap and surplus power of the node load are calculated. The load nodes that can be compensated or reduced in power are screened by comparing the adjustable power range, and the load pressure distribution area before adjustment is generated.

[0094] The specific calculation formula for calculating the power gap or surplus power of the node load is:

[0095]

[0096] Calculate the load power deviation and generate the load pressure distribution area before adjustment;

[0097] Among them, P Δi Represents the power deviation of load node i, P Li Represents the real-time power of load node i, P Ai Represents the adjustable power of the current power equipment to the load node i, P Cj Represents the power adjustment contribution value of load node j, W ij represents the association weight between load node i and load node j, n represents the total number of adjustable load nodes,

[0098] P Li : The real-time power of load node i. Assume that according to the latest grid monitoring data, the power of node i is 150MW.

[0099] P Ai : The current adjustable power of the power equipment to node i is set by the control system, and the adjustable range is 20MW.

[0100] P Cj : The power adjustment contribution of node j to node i. Assume that the contributions of nodes j=1, 2, and 3 are 10MW, 15MW, and 5MW respectively.

[0101] W ij : The association weights between node i and node j. These weights indicate the degree of influence between nodes, such as W i1 =0.5,W i2 =0.3,W i3 =0.2.

[0102] n: The total number of nodes participating in the calculation, 3 in this example.

[0103] First, calculate the weighted average power adjustment contribution that node i obtains from other nodes:

[0104]

[0105] Then, calculate the adjusted target power:

[0106] Adjusted target power = 20MW + 10.5MW = 30.5MW;

[0107] Finally, calculate the power deviation:

[0108] P Δi =|150MW-30.5MW|=119.5MW;

[0109] The results show that, taking into account the power equipment's regulation capabilities and the contributions of other nodes, there is a 119.5 MW deviation between node i's current actual power and the adjusted target power. This value reflects the power adjustment requirement for node i under the current settings and serves as the basis for subsequent system adjustment decisions.

[0110] S303: Power is distributed based on the load pressure distribution area before adjustment, the load gap of the node is compared with the power adjustment capability of the adjustable power equipment, the load data after adjustment is collected and the power change trend is monitored, the load fluctuation range is calculated, and the dynamic load balancing adjustment result is obtained after adjustment;

[0111] Power is allocated based on the load pressure distribution area before adjustment. The load gap of the node is compared with the power adjustment capacity of the adjustable power equipment. Assuming that the load gap of a node is 50kW and the adjustable power range of a power equipment is 80kW, then the power equipment can fully compensate for the load gap of the node. On the contrary, if the load gap of a node is 120kW and the adjustable power of the power equipment is only 80kW, it is necessary to dispatch other power equipment or adopt a load reduction strategy. The power adjustment range of the power equipment is calculated as follows:

[0112] P adj =min(P dev ,P cap );

[0113] Among them, P dev is the power gap of the load node, P cap The adjustable power of the power equipment, such as P dev =50kW, P cap =80kW, then P adj =50kW. After power adjustment, call the adjusted load data, monitor the power change trend, and calculate the load fluctuation range. The load fluctuation range is calculated using the standard deviation:

[0114]

[0115] Among them, P i is the load value in different time periods, is the average load, n is the number of sampling points, for example, the load value of a node at five moments is (300, 320, 310, 305, 315) kW, then the average load The standard deviation is calculated as follows:

[0116]

[0117] Finally, the dynamic load balancing adjustment result is obtained.

[0118] See also Figure 5, the specific steps of S4 are:

[0119] S401: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment value, the BIM model is called to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment, and switch status of the fault node. The fault node is matched with the topology of the power supply line, and the load power equipment associated with the fault node is extracted. The initial reference value of the fault node voltage is calculated and compared with the current operating voltage of the load power equipment. The voltage drop in the power supply path is calculated to obtain the voltage offset value.

[0120] Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment value, the BIM model is called to extract the power supply line where the fault node is located, and obtain the status data of all connected load power equipment and switches. For the obtained power supply line, its topological structure is analyzed and a node connection matrix is constructed. The matrix uses the node number as the row and column index, and the fill value represents the on-off status of the corresponding line. For example, if the nodes numbered A and B are directly connected by the power supply line, the (A, B) position of the matrix is assigned to 1, otherwise it is 0. Based on the matrix, the connection relationship between the fault node and the power supply line is extracted, and the directly related load power equipment and switch position data are further screened, and its power supply path information is stored. When calculating the initial reference value of the fault node voltage, the voltage data on the main power supply line connected to the fault node is called, and the voltage of the normally working node closest to the fault node is used as the reference value. If there is no directly adjacent normal node, the average voltage in the same power supply branch is used as the reference value. For example, assuming that the voltages of other nodes in a power supply branch are 220V, 218V, and 221V respectively, the initial reference voltage of the fault node is (220+218+221) / 3=219.67V. This initial reference voltage is compared with the operating voltage of the current load power equipment to calculate the voltage offset degree. The absolute deviation formula ΔU=|U load -U base |, where U load is the current operating voltage of the load power equipment, U base As the initial reference voltage, if the current voltage of a power device is 214V, then calculate ΔU = |214-219.67| = 5.67V. Finally, based on the location of the fault node and the power supply line topology, calculate the voltage drop in the power supply path using the voltage drop formula ΔU line =I*R line , where I is the line current, R line is the line impedance. Assuming the line current is 30A and the line impedance is 0.2Ω, then ΔU line =30*0.2=6V, and the final voltage offset value is obtained.

[0121] S402: Based on the voltage offset value, calculate the power change value of the affected load power equipment, extract the active power and reactive power data of the load power equipment on the power supply line of the fault node, compare them with the power data before the voltage offset, calculate the power change value of the power equipment, calculate the total power change trend of the load power equipment based on the power change value, and obtain power change data;

[0122] Extract the active power and reactive power data of the load power equipment on the power supply line of the fault node and compare them with the power data before the voltage offset. The specific formula for calculating the power change is:

[0123]

[0124] Calculate the power change of power equipment and obtain the power change;

[0125] Where, ΔS i Represents the power change of the i-th load power equipment, ΔP i Represents the active power change value of the i-th load power equipment, ΔQ i represents the reactive power change value of the i-th load power equipment, k represents the influence coefficient of active power change, m represents the influence coefficient of reactive power change, Represents the sum of all affected load power equipment, Z ij represents the impedance parameter between the i-th power device and the j-th power device on the power supply line of the fault node, ΔP j Represents the active power change value of the jth load power equipment, ΔQ j represents the reactive power change value of the jth load power device, N represents the total number of load power devices affected on the power supply line,

[0126] Assume there are three load power devices (N=3) with the following parameters:

[0127]

[0128] Calculate the power change of the first power device (i=1):

[0129]

[0130] The calculation results show that the apparent power change of the first load device is approximately 59.01VA. This result reflects the comprehensive change in the power of the power device under fault or voltage deviation conditions, which helps to assess the operating status of the power device and the stability of the power system.

[0131] S403: Based on the power change data and the power change values of the load power equipment, the power redistribution on the power supply line is analyzed, the overload increment on the power supply path is calculated, and the paths where the overload increment is greater than the reference threshold are extracted. The fault propagation path is deduced, and the fault propagation impact range is determined based on the topology of the power supply line to obtain the fault propagation impact interval;

[0132] Based on the power change, the overload after redistribution is calculated. According to the power change value of the load power equipment, the power redistribution situation on the power supply line is analyzed. The power redistribution ratio formula P is used. new =P old +ΔP flow *(R path / R total ), where R path is the impedance of a branch, R total is the total impedance, assuming that the original power P of a branch old =10kW, line impedance R path =0.4Ω, total impedance R total =2Ω, then P new =10+(-0.156)*(0.4 / 2)=9.968kW, calculate the overload increment ΔP on the power supply path overload =P new -P max , where P max Assume that P is the maximum power allowed by the line. max =10kW, then ΔP overload =9.968-10=-0.032kW, thus filtering out the paths with overload increments greater than the set threshold. Assuming the overload threshold is set to 0.05kW, the current branch does not belong to the overload path, and only ΔP overload For paths with power >0.05kW, we deduce the fault propagation path and use a topology depth traversal algorithm to record all affected nodes and their connections. We then calculate the fault impact range and determine the propagation area based on the number of affected nodes and their geographical distribution. Ultimately, we obtain the fault propagation impact interval.

[0133] See also Figure 6 , the specific steps of S5 are:

[0134] S501: Obtain information about power supply paths within the fault propagation impact zone, extract the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path, call the rated power of the power equipment in the power supply path, the current load, and the power change of the fault node, calculate the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path, compare the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path with the load power requirement, select the backup power supply path that meets the load power requirement, and obtain a backup power supply path selection list;

[0135] After obtaining the power supply path information within the fault propagation impact interval, it is necessary to extract the power regulation capability value of the backup power supply path. This value can be determined by calculating the rated power of each power device in the backup power supply path, the current load situation, and the power change of the fault node. First, based on the grid topology, extract relevant information such as substations, transmission lines, and load nodes on the backup power supply path. Assume that the backup power supply path contains a 110kV transmission line, two transformers (100MVA and 80MVA respectively), and multiple branch load lines. It is necessary to calculate the current power load of each device. Assume that the current load of transformer A is 70MVA and the current load of transformer B is 60MVA. The transmission power of the transmission line is approximately 120MW. If the fault node causes a power loss of 50MW, the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path needs to meet the compensation demand of at least 50MW. The calculation method is the sum of the remaining power available in each backup power supply path. The calculation formula is:

[0136] R adj =∑(P rated -P current );

[0137] Among them, R adj is the power regulation capability, P rated is the rated power of the equipment, P current is the current load of the equipment. Based on the assumed data, the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path is calculated as:

[0138] (100-70)+(80-60)=50MVA, which meets the demand. Next, calculate the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path. This ratio is used to evaluate the path's contribution to fault compensation capability. The calculation formula is:

[0139]

[0140] Among them, P fault is the power change of the faulty node, and substituting the data into the value:

[0141]

[0142] At this time, the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path is compared with the load power demand. If R adj If the power consumption is ≥100%, the path is feasible. Otherwise, other paths need to be considered to screen the backup power supply paths that meet the load power requirements and generate a backup power supply path screening list.

[0143] S502: Based on the backup power supply path screening list, call the line impedance, voltage drop, and current loss values of the screened backup power supply paths, calculate the power attenuation ratio of the screened backup power supply paths, and screen and obtain the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio;

[0144] Based on the selected backup power supply path, the line impedance, voltage drop, and current loss are further calculated based on the power regulation ratio. Assuming that the line impedance of the backup power supply path is Z = 0.1 + j0.3Ω, the voltage level is 110kV, the line length is 50km, and the current transmission current is 500A, the line voltage drop calculation formula is:

[0145] ΔV=I×Z;

[0146] Substituting the data into the equation:

[0147] ΔV=500×(0.1+j0.3)=50+j150V;

[0148] Its modulus is about 158V. Relative to the system voltage of 110kV, the voltage drop ratio is:

[0149]

[0150] Further calculation of line loss:

[0151] P loss =I 2 R;

[0152] Where R is the line resistance. If R = 0.1Ω, the line loss is:

[0153] P loss =(500) 2 ×0.1=25000W=25kW;

[0154] The power reduction ratio is calculated as:

[0155]

[0156] Assuming the transmission power of this path is 120MW, substitute the data:

[0157]

[0158] After calculating all screening paths, the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio is selected.

[0159] S503: Invoke the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio, adjust the grid topology connection mode based on the power supply topology of the affected area in the BIM model, redistribute the power load in the affected area, monitor the voltage fluctuation, line loss and load balance after restoration, and calculate the stability of the restored grid;

[0160] The backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio is called, and the grid topology connection mode is adjusted according to the power supply topology of the affected area in the BIM model. First, the grid structure data in the BIM model is extracted, including the substation location, line connection relationship, load node distribution, etc. Assuming that the power supply source of a certain load node needs to be switched after the adjustment so that the load is borne by the backup path, a new power distribution plan is calculated based on the load demand. Assume that substation A in the original power supply path supplies 50MW and substation B supplies 30MW. After the fault, B fails and the power supply capacity of A needs to be adjusted. By adjusting the grid topology, the load of node B is transferred to A. At the same time, the voltage fluctuation after recovery is monitored. The calculation formula is:

[0161] ΔV new =I new ×Z new ;

[0162] Among them, I new is the current of the adjusted path. Assuming that the adjusted transmission current of station A is 600A and the line impedance remains 0.1+j0.3Ω, the new voltage drop is calculated as:

[0163] ΔV new =600×(0.1+j0.3)=60+j180V;

[0164] Its modulus is 189V. Calculate the stability index of the restored power grid. Assuming that the stability index of the power grid includes voltage fluctuation rate, line loss ratio, load balance, etc., calculate the load balance:

[0165]

[0166] If the load distribution is A: 70MW, C: 60MW, D: 50MW, then:

[0167]

[0168] Monitor whether various power parameters are within a reasonable range after restoration.

[0169] A BIM-based power management and control system, comprising:

[0170] The power equipment thermal damage assessment module obtains power equipment structural information from the BIM model, extracts material property parameters of the main structure, connecting components, and heat dissipation elements, retrieves thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient data, analyzes temperature change curves in power equipment operation data, calculates the temperature difference changes of components within the differential cycle, calculates the accumulated thermal stress value of the material based on the temperature difference changes and material property parameters, and evaluates the degree of thermal cycle damage in combination with fatigue parameters to obtain the power equipment thermal damage assessment results;

[0171] The damaged power equipment screening module compares the current thermal stress damage value with the durability limit based on the power equipment thermal damage assessment results, screens power equipment with damage exceeding the threshold, uses BIM topology data to locate the power supply path where the damaged power equipment is located, extracts the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters, and obtains the damaged power equipment screening results;

[0172] The dynamic load balancing adjustment module reads the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment based on the screening results of damaged power equipment, calculates the real-time power deviation of the load node, performs power allocation, executes the load adjustment strategy, and obtains the dynamic load balancing adjustment result;

[0173] The fault propagation impact analysis module uses the BIM model to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment, and switch status of the fault node based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment results, calculates the voltage offset value of the fault node, analyzes the power changes of the affected load power equipment, and determines the fault propagation impact range;

[0174] The power supply restoration path optimization module extracts the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path based on the fault propagation impact range, calculates the power attenuation ratio of the restoration path, screens the restoration path, calls the BIM model to adjust the power supply topology of the affected area, and analyzes the stability of the power grid after restoration.

[0175] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any other form. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based power management and control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Extract the structural information and material characteristic parameters of the building power equipment from the BIM model, combine them with the temperature change curve in the operation data, calculate the cumulative value of the material thermal stress, and evaluate the damage degree based on fatigue parameters to obtain the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment; S2: Based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, obtain the component durability limit, compare the current damage value, screen the power equipment that exceeds the threshold, locate the power supply path through the BIM topology data, extract the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters, mark the damaged power equipment, and obtain the damaged power equipment screening results; S3: Based on the damaged power equipment screening results, read the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment, calculate the power deviation of the load node, allocate power and adjust the load pressure, calculate the load fluctuation range, and obtain the dynamic load balancing adjustment result after adjustment; S4: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment result, call the BIM model data to analyze the power supply line, load power equipment and switch status of the fault node, calculate the voltage offset value, extract the power flow direction and impedance parameters, deduce the fault propagation path, and determine the fault propagation impact range.

2. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment include the cumulative value of thermal stress, the degree of thermal cycle damage, and fatigue parameters. The damaged power equipment screening results include damaged power equipment, power supply path, load power equipment, and regulation capability parameters. The dynamic load balancing adjustment results include the real-time power deviation of the load node, load adjustment strategy, power change trend, and load fluctuation range. The fault propagation impact range includes voltage offset value, power change, impedance parameters, overload, and fault propagation path.

3. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Extract the structural information and material characteristic parameters of the building power equipment from the BIM model, combine them with the temperature change curve in the operating data, calculate the cumulative value of the material thermal stress, and evaluate the damage degree based on fatigue parameters. The specific steps to obtain the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment are as follows: S101: Obtaining the structural information of the power equipment in the BIM model, extracting the material characteristic parameters of the main structure, connecting components, and heat dissipation elements, including thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, calling the temperature change curve in the power equipment operation data, obtaining the temperature value corresponding to the component at the difference time node in the temperature change curve, and generating the component temperature gradient value based on the material characteristic parameters and temperature change of the component; S102: Calculating the temperature change rate of the component within the difference period based on the component temperature gradient value, screening components whose temperature change rate exceeds a set threshold, calculating the cumulative value of the temperature change within the difference period, and calculating the cumulative thermal stress value of the component in combination with the thermal expansion coefficient of the material to obtain the cumulative thermal stress amount of the component; S103: Call the cumulative thermal stress of the component, combine it with the fatigue parameters of the component material, calculate the damage degree of the component under the action of thermal cycling, accumulate the damage results in consecutive cycles, screen components with damage degrees exceeding a reference threshold, calculate the thermal damage level of the overall power equipment, and generate a thermal damage assessment result for the power equipment.

4. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the component durability limit based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment are as follows: S201: Based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, compare the thermal stress damage value and durability limit of the power equipment, screen out power equipment whose damage value exceeds the durability limit, and generate a list of power equipment exceeding the damage threshold; S202: Retrieving the above-damage-threshold power equipment list, obtaining the location information and power equipment number of the power equipment, extracting the power supply network connection information of the power equipment in combination with the BIM topology data, analyzing the topological association between the power equipment, locating the power supply path of the damaged power equipment, and generating the power supply path information of the damaged power equipment; S203: Call the power supply path information of the damaged power equipment, obtain the operating parameters of the load power equipment in the path, analyze the load status, regulation capability and rated operating capacity of the load power equipment, compare the regulation capability parameters with the power supply requirements, mark the damaged power equipment that affects the power supply stability in the power supply path, and obtain the damaged power equipment screening results.

5. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of reading the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment based on the damaged power equipment screening results, calculating the power deviation of the load node, allocating power and adjusting the load pressure, calculating the load fluctuation range, and obtaining the dynamic load balancing adjustment result after adjustment are as follows: S301: Obtaining the damaged power equipment screening results, reading the power adjustment range, overload tolerance, and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment, comparing the power adjustment range with the overload tolerance, screening power equipment that has the ability to adjust under the current load level, using the real-time load data to calculate the load level of the current power equipment, calculating the power that can be adjusted by the current power equipment without exceeding the adjustment capability range, and generating an adjustable power range; S302: Based on the adjustable power range, calculate the real-time power deviation of the load node, match the real-time power of the load node with the adjustable power of the current power equipment, calculate the power gap and surplus power of the node load, compare the adjustable power range to screen load nodes that can be compensated or reduced in power, and generate a load pressure distribution area before adjustment; S303: Perform power distribution according to the load pressure distribution area before adjustment, compare the load gap of the node with the power adjustment capability of the adjustable power equipment, collect the adjusted load data and monitor the power change trend, calculate the load fluctuation range, and obtain the dynamic load balancing adjustment result after adjustment.

6. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific calculation formula for calculating the power gap or surplus power of the node load is: Calculate the load power deviation and generate the load pressure distribution area before adjustment; Among them, P Δi Represents the power deviation of load node i, P Li Represents the real-time power of load node i, P Ai Represents the adjustable power of the current power equipment to the load node i, P Cj Represents the power adjustment contribution value of load node j, W ij represents the association weight between load node i and load node j, and n represents the total number of adjustable load nodes.

7. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment results, the BIM model data is used to analyze the power supply line, load power equipment, and switch status of the fault node, calculate the voltage offset value, extract the power flow direction and impedance parameters, deduce the fault propagation path, and determine the fault propagation impact range. The specific steps are as follows: S401: Based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment value, the BIM model is called to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment and switch status of the fault node, match the fault node with the topology of the power supply line, extract the load power equipment associated with the fault node, calculate the initial reference value of the fault node voltage, compare it with the current operating voltage of the load power equipment, calculate the voltage drop in the power supply path, and obtain the voltage offset value; S402: Based on the voltage offset value, calculate the power change value of the affected load power equipment, extract the active power and reactive power data of the load power equipment on the power supply line of the fault node, compare the data with the power data before the voltage offset, calculate the power change value of the power equipment, calculate the total power change trend of the load power equipment based on the power change value, and obtain power change data; S403: Based on the power change data and according to the power change value of the load power equipment, the power redistribution on the power supply line is analyzed, the overload increment on the power supply path is calculated, the path with the overload increment greater than the reference threshold is extracted, the fault propagation path is deduced, and the fault propagation impact range is determined in combination with the topological structure of the power supply line to obtain the fault propagation impact interval.

8. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the power variation is: Calculate the power change of power equipment and obtain the power change. Where, ΔS i Represents the power change of the i-th load power equipment, ΔP i Represents the active power change value of the i-th load power equipment, ΔQ i represents the reactive power change value of the i-th load power equipment, k represents the influence coefficient of active power change, m represents the influence coefficient of reactive power change, Represents the sum of all affected load power equipment, Z ij represents the impedance parameter between the i-th power device and the j-th power device on the power supply line of the fault node, ΔP j Represents the active power change value of the jth load power equipment, ΔQ j represents the reactive power change value of the jth load power device, and N represents the total number of load power devices affected on the power supply line.

9. The BIM-based power management and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: S5: Based on the fault propagation impact range, extract the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path, calculate the power attenuation ratio of the restoration path, compare the power losses under different paths, select the restoration path with the smallest power loss, dynamically adjust the power supply topology of the affected area through the BIM model, and analyze the stability of the power grid after restoration; The power supply restoration path includes a backup power supply path, power regulation capability, power attenuation ratio, power supply topology, and grid stability; The specific steps of S5 are: S501: Obtain information about power supply paths within the fault propagation impact interval, extract the power regulation capability value of the backup power supply path, call the rated power of the power equipment in the power supply path, the current load status, and the power change of the fault node, calculate the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path, compare the power regulation ratio of the backup power supply path with the load power requirement, select the backup power supply path that meets the load power requirement, and obtain a backup power supply path screening list; S502: Based on the backup power supply path screening list, call the line impedance, voltage drop, and current loss values of the screened backup power supply paths, calculate the power attenuation ratio of the screened backup power supply paths, and screen and obtain the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio; S503: Call the backup power supply path with the lowest attenuation ratio, adjust the grid topology connection mode according to the power supply topology structure of the affected area in the BIM model, redistribute the power load in the affected area, monitor the voltage fluctuation, line loss and load balance after restoration, and calculate the stability of the grid after restoration.

10. A BIM-based power management and control system, characterized in that: The BIM-based power management and control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprising: The power equipment thermal damage assessment module obtains power equipment structural information from the BIM model, extracts material property parameters of the main structure, connecting components, and heat dissipation elements, retrieves thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient data, analyzes temperature change curves in power equipment operation data, calculates the temperature difference changes of components within the differential cycle, calculates the accumulated thermal stress value of the material based on the temperature difference changes and material property parameters, and evaluates the degree of thermal cycle damage in combination with fatigue parameters to obtain the power equipment thermal damage assessment results; The damaged power equipment screening module compares the current thermal stress damage value with the durability limit based on the thermal damage assessment results of the power equipment, screens the power equipment whose damage exceeds the threshold, uses the BIM topology data to locate the power supply path where the damaged power equipment is located, extracts the load power equipment and regulation capacity parameters, and obtains the damaged power equipment screening results; The dynamic load balancing adjustment module reads the power adjustment range, overload tolerance and real-time load data of the adjustable power equipment based on the damaged power equipment screening results, calculates the real-time power deviation of the load node, performs power allocation, executes the load adjustment strategy, and obtains the dynamic load balancing adjustment result; The fault propagation impact analysis module uses the BIM model to obtain the power supply line, load power equipment and switch status of the fault node based on the dynamic load balancing adjustment result, calculates the voltage offset value of the fault node, analyzes the power change of the affected load power equipment, and determines the fault propagation impact range; The power supply restoration path optimization module extracts the power regulation capability of the backup power supply path based on the fault propagation impact interval, calculates the power attenuation ratio of the restoration path, screens the restoration path, calls the BIM model to adjust the power supply topology of the affected area, and analyzes the stability of the power grid after restoration.

Images