Distributed heterogeneous energy system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed heterogeneous energy system and a use method thereof. The system comprises a power generation module, a power distribution module and an energy storage module. The power generation module is connected with the power distribution module and the energy storage module, and comprises a plurality of large generator sets and a plurality of distributed stacking generator sets; the distributed stacking generator set comprises a plurality of small generator sets forming a stacking structure, and the small generator sets are connected in parallel. The power distribution module is used for distributing the received electric energy to the electric energy demand end; the energy storage module is connected with the power distribution module and is used for storing electric energy from the power generation module and cooperating with the power generation module to provide electric energy for the power distribution module; and the power distribution module is used for distributing the received electric energy to the electric energy demand end according to needs. The power utilization requirements under different working conditions can be met, and the reliability and economical efficiency of an energy system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system integration optimization, and in particular to a distributed heterogeneous energy system and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Large unmanned vessels (UAVs) can adapt to harsh sea conditions and offshore environments, carrying large weaponry and equipment. They are ideal maritime combat platforms for high-risk, long-duration, and tedious missions at the forefront. However, existing ship energy system architectures and equipment manufacturing capabilities are no longer sufficient to meet the development requirements of large UAVs. From a practical design perspective, the number of large diesel-engine units aboard a UAV is limited due to space constraints, making redundancy difficult to meet mission reliability requirements. Furthermore, the mean time between failures (MTBF) of typical marine diesel-engine units is approximately 1500-2000 hours, making the reliability of a single unit insufficient for long-term unmanned operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed heterogeneous energy system, which improves the reliability of the system while meeting the requirements of low cost and high integration through the heterogeneous distribution of large generator sets and distributed stacked generator sets in the power generation module.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a distributed heterogeneous energy system, including a power generation module, a power distribution module and an energy storage module; The power generation module is connected to the power distribution module and the energy storage module, and includes multiple large generator sets and multiple distributed stacked generator sets; the distributed stacked generator sets include multiple small generator sets forming a stacking structure, and the small generator sets are connected in parallel; the electric energy generated by the power generation module is input into the energy storage module and the power distribution module; The energy storage module is connected to the power distribution module and is used to store the electric energy from the power generation module and cooperate with the power generation module to provide electric energy to the power distribution module; The power distribution module is used to distribute the received electric energy to the electric energy demand end as needed.

[0005] According to the above technical solution, the multiple small generator sets are arranged in a manner including horizontal arrangement and upward stacking.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the power distribution module includes a plurality of DC distribution boards connected to each other.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the energy storage system includes a lithium battery pack or a supercapacitor.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the lithium battery pack includes a plurality of lithium batteries connected in series.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, a voltage conversion device is provided between the energy storage module and the power distribution module.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the large generator set is a megawatt-class generator set, and the small generator set is a kilowatt-class generator set; The propulsion module includes multiple megawatt-class propulsion motors and multiple kilowatt-class propulsion motors.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the multiple small generator sets of the distributed stacked generator set are divided into multiple clusters, each cluster of small generator sets is connected to a local bus respectively, and each local bus is connected to a power distribution module.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned distributed heterogeneous energy system, which activates a corresponding number of large generator sets and small generator sets in the distributed stacked generator sets according to the amount of electricity required by the electricity demand end. The specific activation method includes: When the required power is less than or equal to the power provided by a single large generator set, multiple small generator sets that meet the power demand are activated; When the required electric energy is greater than the electric energy provided by a single large generator set and less than or equal to the electric energy provided by all large generator sets, a combination of one or more large generator sets and one or more small generator sets that meet the electric energy demand is activated; When the required electric energy is greater than the electric energy provided by all large generator sets, and less than or equal to the electric energy provided by all large generator sets and small generator sets, all large generator sets and small generator sets that meet the electric energy demand are activated; When the required power is greater than the power provided by all large generator sets and small generator sets, all large generator sets and small generator sets are enabled.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides a large unmanned vessel equipped with the above-mentioned distributed heterogeneous energy system.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a distributed heterogeneous energy system and a method for using the same, wherein the power generation module of the distributed heterogeneous energy system includes multiple large generator sets and multiple distributed stacked generator sets, and the heterogeneous power generation mode formed can flexibly meet the electricity demand under different working conditions. Moreover, each small generator set connected in parallel can work independently, and the probability of a distributed stacked generator set failing to work is much lower than that of a traditional unit, which greatly improves the reliability of the energy system. At the same time, in the low-operating-condition operation mode, the power generation module that generates electricity and the energy storage module that stores electricity work together to supply power, reducing the utilization rate of large generator sets, extending the life of large generator sets, and improving the operating economy of the energy system.

[0015] Furthermore, the multiple small-sized generator sets connected in parallel in the present invention follow the principle of compactness and are arranged horizontally and stacked upwards. The stacking arrangement can be flexibly designed according to the actual application space, thereby improving the space utilization of the ship.

[0016] Furthermore, the distributed stacked generator set of the present invention adopts cluster management for multiple small generator sets connected in parallel, which can improve management efficiency.

[0017] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed heterogeneous energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed stacking generator set of a distributed heterogeneous energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a distributed stacking generator set in a distributed heterogeneous energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery pack of a distributed heterogeneous energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a distributed stacking generator set in a distributed heterogeneous energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural topology diagram of a large unmanned ship equipped with a distributed heterogeneous energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the embodiments of the present invention are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0022] In the present invention, it should also be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like are used to indicate positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present application and to simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive and distinguishing purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Example 1 This embodiment provides a distributed heterogeneous energy system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power generation module, a power distribution module and an energy storage module.

[0024] The power generation module is connected to the distribution module and the energy storage module. The former is used to generate electricity and transmit it to the latter two. In the low-operating mode, the power generation module and the energy storage module work together to supply power to the distribution module, and then the distribution module distributes the electricity to the power demand end on demand, realizing the power supply of distributed heterogeneous energy systems.

[0025] The power generation module includes multiple large generator sets and multiple distributed stacking generator sets. The construction principle of the distributed stacking generator set is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes multiple small generator sets forming a stacking structure, each small generator set is connected to a diode to prevent circuit reverse flow, and is connected to a local busbar through a switch, and the small generator sets are connected in parallel. A stacking method of each small generator set is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the parallel structure of the small generator sets adheres to the principle of compactness, employing a horizontal arrangement and upward stacking. Preferably, the stacking arrangement can be flexibly and customized based on the actual cabin layout and structural characteristics of the vessel. Specifically, various arrangements can be adopted, such as horizontal staggered rows, vertical stacking, or three-dimensional combinations, depending on the size of the hull compartment and the spatial constraints of the equipment installation location. This allows for efficient adaptation of the stacking structure to the vessel's space, while still meeting the space requirements for equipment operation and maintenance.

[0026] Furthermore, the large generator set is a megawatt generator set, and the small generator set is a kilowatt generator set.

[0027] The power distribution module includes multiple DC distribution boards. Jumper wires can be used to transmit electric energy between the DC distribution boards, between the DC distribution boards and each large generator set, and between each distributed stacked generator set.

[0028] The energy storage system includes a lithium battery pack or supercapacitor. The lithium battery pack consists of multiple lithium batteries connected in series, which are connected to the DC distribution board through a DC / DC converter that regulates the voltage. The structure of the lithium battery pack is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the setting method is as follows Figure 5 The energy storage system serves as the backup and emergency power source for the energy system. By coordinating power supply with the power distribution module, it improves power quality and the economic efficiency of energy system operation.

[0029] Based on the above settings, this embodiment also provides a method for using a distributed heterogeneous energy system, that is, according to the required amount of electricity, selecting the large generator sets that need to be enabled and the small generator sets in the distributed stacked generator sets.

[0030] When the required power is less than or equal to the power provided by a single small generator set, a single small generator set is activated. When the required power is less than or equal to the power provided by a single large generator set, multiple small generator sets that meet the power demand are activated. When the required power is greater than the power provided by a single large generator set, but less than or equal to the power provided by all large generator sets, a combination of large and small generator sets that meet the power demand is activated. When the required power is greater than the power provided by all large generator sets, all large generator sets and small generator sets that meet the power demand are activated. When the required power is greater than the power provided by all large and small generator sets, all large and small generator sets are activated.

[0031] This distributed heterogeneous energy system effectively reduces the utilization of large generator sets and extends their service life during actual power supply. Furthermore, when power demand increases, flexible and rapid power supply adjustments are achieved by adjusting the number of smaller generator sets in use.

[0032] Example 2 This embodiment provides a large unmanned vessel, which is equipped with the distributed heterogeneous energy system described in Example 1 to provide energy for propulsion and daily loads of the entire vessel, and uses the method described in Example 1 to control the operation of the energy system.

[0033] The topological structure of the unmanned ship and the distributed heterogeneous energy system it carries is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the unmanned boat's overall power supply uses a DC1000V system.

[0034] Two main power stations are located in the middle of the unmanned vessel. Each station is connected to two large generator sets and a DC main switchboard. The two DC main switchboards are connected by two jumper wires to distribute energy for the entire ship's propulsion load and daily load. In this embodiment, the large generator sets are 3MW diesel generators.

[0035] There are also four 3MW-class tandem-shaft propulsion motors in the area of the two main power stations, and propulsion inverters are connected between the tandem-shaft propulsion motors and the DC distribution boards.

[0036] The unmanned vessel has an energy zone at the bow and stern. Each zone houses a distributed stacked generator set and a lithium battery pack for energy storage. Each energy zone is connected to a DC distribution board, which feeds power to the DC main distribution boards at the front and rear power stations via a jumper cable. In this embodiment, the distributed stacked generator set is a 1.5MW-class distributed stacked generator set, and the energy storage battery pack is a 1MW·h-class lithium battery pack.

[0037] Specifically, the ship's distributed stacked generator set consists of 54 parallel-connected 30kW-class horizontal diesel generator sets, which are divided into three clusters. Each cluster consists of 18 small generator sets. Each cluster of generator sets is connected to the local bus and then to the DC distribution board.

[0038] Preferably, the DC distribution board at the bow can be connected to a 450kW-class retractable full-rotation thruster, which is powered by a lithium battery pack or a distributed stacked generator set located at the bow. It has high reliability and is used to achieve emergency propulsion and auxiliary propulsion for entering and leaving the port of the unmanned ship.

[0039] Under different working conditions, the ship can flexibly select the number of parallel-operating generator sets according to the actual power load conditions. The specific methods are as follows: During the unmanned ship's preparation for combat and voyage and mooring and returning to port stages, a ship-wide load of approximately 50kW is required. Two 30kW-class horizontal diesel generator sets in any set of distributed stacked generator sets can be turned on to supply power to the entire ship's load.

[0040] During the standby phase of the unmanned ship, it is necessary to provide a daily load of about 100kW and a propulsion load of about 200kW. At this time, ten 30kW-class horizontal diesel generator sets in any group of distributed stacked generator sets can be turned on to supply power to the entire ship load and propulsion load.

[0041] During the unmanned ship's voyage, transition, and evacuation phases, a daily load of approximately 300kW and a propulsion load of approximately 3MW are required. Any one 3MW diesel generator set and ten 30kW horizontal diesel generator sets in any one group of distributed stacked generator sets can be turned on to supply power to the entire ship's load and propulsion load.

[0042] During the unmanned ship's operational phase, it is necessary to provide a daily load of about 600kW and a propulsion load of about 10MW. Four 3MW-class diesel generator sets can be turned on to supply power to the entire ship's load and propulsion load.

[0043] Under all working conditions, the lithium battery pack remains in hot standby state.

[0044] During the unmanned ship's standby phase, the lithium battery pack and the distributed stacked generator set can operate alternately, reducing the utilization rate of the generator set, reducing fuel consumption, and improving the operating economy of the energy system.

[0045] The large unmanned ship of this embodiment greatly improves the reliability of energy and power support for the entire ship by adopting a heterogeneous distributed energy system, and maximizes the power supply for important loads such as ship propulsion, communication and navigation.

[0046] In summary, the distributed heterogeneous energy system and its use method provided by the present invention can flexibly meet the electricity demand under different working conditions, greatly improve the reliability of the energy system, and enhance the economy of the energy system operation.

[0047] It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various steps / components described in this application can be split into more steps / components, or two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0048] The size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0049] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed heterogeneous energy system, characterized in that: Including power generation module, power distribution module and energy storage module; The power generation module is connected to the power distribution module and the energy storage module, including multiple large generator sets and multiple distributed stacked generator sets; the distributed stacked generator sets include small generator sets forming a stacking structure, and the small generator sets are connected in parallel; the electric energy generated by the power generation module is input into the energy storage module and the power distribution module; The energy storage module is connected to the power distribution module and is used to store the electric energy from the power generation module and cooperate with the power generation module to provide electric energy to the power distribution module; The power distribution module is used to distribute the received electric energy to the electric energy demand end as needed.

2. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple small generator sets are arranged in a manner including horizontal arrangement and upward stacking.

3. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution module includes a plurality of DC power distribution boards connected to each other.

4. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage system includes a lithium battery pack or a supercapacitor.

5. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lithium battery pack includes a plurality of lithium batteries connected in series.

6. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A voltage conversion device is provided between the energy storage module and the power distribution module.

7. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large generator set is a megawatt generator set, and the small generator set is a kilowatt generator set.

8. The distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple small generator sets of the distributed stacked generator set are divided into multiple clusters, each cluster of small generator sets is connected to a local bus respectively, and each local bus is connected to a power distribution module respectively.

9. The method for using the distributed heterogeneous energy system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the amount of electricity required by the power demand side, a corresponding number of large generator sets and small generator sets in the distributed stacked generator sets are activated. The specific activation methods include: When the required power is less than or equal to the power provided by a single large generator set, multiple small generator sets that meet the power demand are activated; When the required electric energy is greater than the electric energy provided by a single large generator set and less than or equal to the electric energy provided by all large generator sets, a combination of one or more large generator sets and one or more small generator sets that meet the electric energy demand is activated; When the required electric energy is greater than the electric energy provided by all large generator sets, and less than or equal to the electric energy provided by all large generator sets and small generator sets, all large generator sets and small generator sets that meet the electric energy demand are activated; When the required power is greater than the power provided by all large generator sets and small generator sets, all large generator sets and small generator sets are enabled.

10. A large unmanned ship, characterized in that: A distributed heterogeneous energy system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted.

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