Low-voltage transformer area communication detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-voltage transformer area communication detection system. The low-voltage transformer area communication detection system comprises a test board body and a software module. The test board body comprises a server, a cabinet, a signal control module and a test module. And the server is used for supporting the operation of the low-voltage transformer area communication detection system. The cabinet is used for constructing a detection environment, and the to-be-detected communication unit is arranged in the cabinet. And the signal control module is used for constructing a topological structure so as to perform interoperability testing and deepening application testing on the communication unit to be tested based on the topological structure and the software module. And the test module is used for performing communication performance test on the to-be-tested communication unit based on the software module. Therefore, deepening application testing of the communication unit to be tested is realized, compatibility and matching problems in practical application are avoided, later operation and maintenance work is reduced, and stability and reliability of operation of a low-voltage transformer area communication network are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of substation communication technology, and in particular to a low-voltage substation communication detection system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid evolution of new power system technologies, low-voltage substations, as fundamental units in this modern power grid architecture, play a core role in information collection and initial processing. Substation communication channels serve as information pathways connecting smart meters, distributed energy resources, sensors, and central management systems. The stability and efficiency of these channels are crucial to the efficient operation of these new power systems. Current substation communication testing solutions utilize a unified test environment that only tests the basic functions of communication units. This inevitably leads to compatibility and compatibility issues during field applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a low-voltage area communication detection system to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The low-voltage area communication detection system of the embodiment of the present application includes a test bench body and a software module, wherein the test bench body includes a server, a cabinet, a signal control module and a test module;

[0005] The server is used to support the operation of the low-voltage area communication detection system;

[0006] The cabinet is used to construct a testing environment, and the communication unit to be tested is arranged in the cabinet;

[0007] The signal control module is used to construct a topology structure to perform interoperability testing and in-depth application testing on the communication unit to be tested based on the topology structure and the software module;

[0008] The testing module is used to perform a communication performance test on the communication unit to be tested based on the software module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the test bench is in a fully shielded mode, the cabinet includes a plurality of test boxes, and the plurality of test boxes are shielded boxes to shield high-speed power line carrier signals and high-speed wireless frequency communication signals between the plurality of test boxes;

[0010] The test bench further includes a shielded radio frequency component, which is used to connect the communication links between the multiple test boxes.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cabinet is provided with an intelligent terminal, a single-phase energy meter, and a three-phase energy meter. The intelligent terminal, the single-phase energy meter, the three-phase energy meter, and the communication unit to be tested are detachably connected to the cabinet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the signal control module includes a programmable attenuator, which is disposed on the shielded RF component. The signal control module constructs the topological structure between the plurality of test boxes by adjusting a value of the programmable attenuator.

[0013] In certain embodiments, the low-voltage area communication detection system further comprises a real-time acquisition module, a signal processing module, and a playback injection module, and the cabinet is provided with a noise injection port;

[0014] The real-time acquisition module is used to collect real channel data from different stations in different time periods and under different grid load conditions;

[0015] The signal processing module is used to process and analyze the real channel data to construct and compile a noise library;

[0016] The playback injection module is connected to the noise injection port to play back the noise signal in the noise library and inject it into the cabinet.

[0017] In some embodiments, the test module includes any one or more of a spectrum analyzer and a signal generator.

[0018] In certain embodiments, the in-depth application testing includes any one or more of high-frequency data collection, active power outage reporting, precise clock management, phase topology identification, automatic station area identification, unified ID management, perpetual calendar synchronization, remote upgrade, communication performance monitoring, and network optimization;

[0019] The test bench body further includes a power supply module, which is used to output isolated power so as to perform the automatic identification test of the station area on the communication unit to be tested.

[0020] In certain embodiments, the software module includes a front-end interaction layer, a problem domain layer, a data management layer, and a system interaction layer;

[0021] The front-end interaction layer is used for system resource management, interactive interface management and data interaction;

[0022] The problem domain layer is used to implement the interoperability test, the in-depth application test and the communication performance test;

[0023] The data management layer is used for data management;

[0024] The system interaction layer is used to perform interaction between the software module and the test bench and link connection detection.

[0025] In some embodiments, the software module is provided with a software locking mechanism.

[0026] In some embodiments, the software module is also used to implement any one or more of the communication network quality assessment test function, communication performance quality assessment function, historical version management function, limit capacity detection function, fault library management function, and fault scenario simulation test function.

[0027] In the low-voltage substation communication detection system of the embodiment of the present application, a cabinet is used to construct a detection environment, the communication unit to be tested is set in the cabinet, and the signal control module constructs a topological structure to perform interoperability testing and in-depth application testing on the communication unit to be tested based on the topological structure and software modules. The test module performs communication performance testing on the communication unit to be tested based on the software modules. In this way, in-depth application testing of the communication unit to be tested is achieved, compatibility and matching problems in actual applications are avoided, later operation and maintenance work is reduced, and the stability and reliability of the low-voltage substation communication network operation are improved.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without inventive work. Among them:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a module schematic diagram of a low-voltage area communication detection system according to certain embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test bench according to certain embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a module diagram of a software module in certain embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the working process of noise library management in certain embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the operating architecture of the software modules of certain embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] Low-voltage substation communication detection system 100, test bench 10, server 11, cabinet 12, test box 121, instrument box 122, intelligent terminal 123, single-phase electric energy meter 124, three-phase electric energy meter 125, signal control module 13, test module 14, spectrum analyzer 141, signal generator 142, power module 15, display 16, input component 17, software module 20, front-end interaction layer 21, problem domain layer 22, data management layer 23, system interaction layer 24, real-time acquisition module 30, signal processing module 40, playback injection module 50, and communication unit to be tested 101. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0038] With the rapid evolution of new power system technologies, substations, as the fundamental units of this modern power grid architecture, play a core role in information collection and preliminary processing, serving as the "nerve endings" of the new power system. Substations are not only responsible for intensively collecting various power parameters, such as voltage, current, power factor, and power consumption, but also for rapidly transmitting this massive amount of data back to the control center for in-depth analysis and decision-making. The smoothness of this process is directly affected by the performance of the substation's communication system, which is the cornerstone of ensuring the smooth operation of the overall power grid, its agile response capabilities, and its ability to optimize resource allocation.

[0039] As the information pathway connecting smart meters, distributed energy resources, sensors, and central management systems, the stability and efficiency of regional communication channels are crucial for the efficient operation of new power systems. They support advanced applications such as real-time monitoring of grid status, early warning of potential fault points, and dynamic load adjustment. These capabilities are crucial for improving power supply reliability, promoting efficient energy utilization, and enhancing the grid's resilience to external shocks.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a low-voltage substation communication detection system 100. The low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 includes a test bench body 10 and a software module 20. The test bench body 10 includes a server 11, a cabinet 12, a signal control module 13 and a test module 14. The server 11 is used to support the operation of the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100. The cabinet 12 is used to build a detection environment, and the communication unit to be tested 101 is set in the cabinet 12. The signal control module 13 is used to build a topology structure to perform interoperability testing and in-depth application testing on the communication unit to be tested 101 based on the topology structure and the software module 20. The test module 14 is used to perform communication performance testing on the communication unit to be tested 101 based on the software module 20.

[0041] In the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the cabinet 12 is used to build a detection environment, the communication unit to be tested 101 is set in the cabinet 12, the signal control module 13 builds a topology structure to perform interoperability testing and in-depth application testing on the communication unit to be tested 101 based on the topology structure and the software module 20, and the test module 14 performs communication performance testing on the communication unit to be tested 101 based on the software module 20. In this way, in-depth application testing of the communication unit to be tested 101 is achieved, compatibility and matching problems in actual applications are avoided, the subsequent operation and maintenance work is reduced, and the stability and reliability of the low-voltage substation communication network operation are improved.

[0042] Specifically, the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 includes a test bench body 10 and a software module 20. The test bench body 10 includes a server 11, a cabinet 12, a signal control module 13 and a test module 14, which constitute the hardware architecture of the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100. The software module 20 is provided with threads, interrupt service programs, etc. related to the operation of the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100, which constitute the software architecture of the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100. The functions of testing the communication unit 101 to be tested are all implemented through the software module 20. The tests on the communication unit 101 to be tested include interoperability testing, in-depth application testing and communication performance testing.

[0043] The interoperability test tests the compatibility and interoperability between different communication units 101 under test. The communication performance test comprehensively evaluates the basic communication capabilities of the communication unit 101 under test. The in-depth application test further evaluates the performance and stability of the communication unit 101 under test in specific application scenarios.

[0044] The server 11 is used to support the operation of the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 to perform various tasks. The cabinet 12 is used to build a detection environment for low-voltage substation communication, which is used to simulate the actual working conditions of the substation communication channel in a real power grid. The specific settings of the detection environment can be set and adjusted according to actual application requirements. The communication unit to be tested 101 is set in the cabinet 12, that is, it is set in the detection environment, and various subsequent tests of the communication unit to be tested 101 are all performed in the detection environment.

[0045] The signal control module 13 is used to construct a topology, such as a 7-level topology or a dual-station topology, to perform interoperability testing and in-depth application testing based on the topology. The test module 14 includes one or more standard test instruments to perform communication performance testing on the communication unit under test 101.

[0046] Conventional technologies typically test substation communications outdoors. However, outdoor testing environments struggle to fully replicate the complex electromagnetic environment of the power grid, including frequently changing electromagnetic interference, significant signal attenuation with increasing distance, and multipath propagation caused by building reflections in urban environments. This unified testing environment only tests the basic functionality of communication units, lacking in-depth testing to address specific field applications. Consequently, compatibility and compatibility issues inevitably arise during application, increasing subsequent maintenance workloads.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the cabinet 12 is used to construct a detection environment to simulate the actual working conditions of the substation communication channel in the real power grid, which can fully reproduce the complex electromagnetic environment in the power grid; and the software module 20 is provided with programs related to in-depth application testing to perform in-depth application testing on the communication unit 101 to be tested. In this way, while implementing basic tests such as interoperability testing and communication performance testing, in-depth application testing of the communication unit 101 to be tested is implemented to avoid compatibility and matching problems in actual applications, reduce the workload of debugging, maintenance, and service at the low-voltage substation communication site, reduce the failure rate of the intelligent terminal 123, and improve the reliability and stability of the low-voltage substation communication network operation.

[0048] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the test bench 10 is fully shielded. The cabinet 12 includes multiple test boxes 121, each of which is shielded to shield high-speed power line carrier signals and high-speed wireless frequency communication signals between the multiple test boxes 121. The test bench 10 also includes a shielded RF component that connects the communication links between the multiple test boxes 121.

[0049] Specifically, the test bench 10 adopts a fully shielded mode. This mode allows for the establishment of routing hierarchy logic with a stable link topology, facilitates communication performance testing while maintaining constant channel parameters, effectively isolates the impact of external random interference on test results, and ensures test accuracy.

[0050] The fully shielded mode is achieved by shielding the enclosure and shielding the RF components. The cabinet 12 includes multiple test enclosures 121. The communication unit 101 under test is disposed within the test enclosures 121. The communication unit 101 under test communicates within the test enclosures 121 using high-speed power line carrier (HPLC) signals and high-speed radio frequency (HRF) signals.

[0051] HPLC and HRF signals generate spatial radiation. Test chamber 121 can be a shielded chamber that shields the HPLC and HRF signals between multiple test chambers 121. This prevents the HPLC and HRF signals from interfering with each other, effectively isolates external random interference, improves the reliability of low-voltage substation communication detection system 100, and further ensures test accuracy.

[0052] The test box 121 is manually controlled, and the operator can open or close the shielding box through simple operations, which is convenient for adjusting the components in the test box 121 and has higher flexibility.

[0053] The test bench 10 further includes a shielded radio frequency component, which can be a coaxial cable. The shielded radio frequency component can connect the communication links between the multiple test boxes 121, and the multiple test boxes 121 can communicate with each other through the shielded radio frequency component.

[0054] The cabinet 12 further includes an instrument box 122 , and other modules in the test bench 10 , such as the server 11 , the signal control module 13 , the test module 14 , etc., can be disposed in the instrument box 122 .

[0055] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, a smart terminal 123, a single-phase power meter 124, and a three-phase power meter 125 are provided in the cabinet 12. The smart terminal 123, the single-phase power meter 124, the three-phase power meter 125, and the communication unit 101 to be tested are detachably connected to the cabinet 12.

[0056] Specifically, the smart terminal 123, single-phase energy meter 124, and three-phase energy meter 125 can be located within the test box 121. In practical applications, the smart terminal 123 is located near the transformer in a residential building to manage and coordinate communications and data collection for multiple energy meters. The smart terminal 123 is connected to the master station, allowing the smart terminal 123 and energy meters to form a local network. Communication between the smart terminal 123 and the energy meters occurs through a central control office (CCO) and a workstation (STA).

[0057] Each test box 121 includes a smart terminal 123, a single-phase power meter 124, a three-phase power meter 125, and a communication unit under test 101. The communication unit under test 101 may include a CCO and an STA, which may be provided on the smart terminal 123, the single-phase power meter 124, and the three-phase power meter 125 to facilitate communication between the single-phase power meter 124 and the smart terminal 123, and between the three-phase power meter 125 and the smart terminal 123.

[0058] The smart terminal 123, the single-phase electric energy meter 124, the three-phase electric energy meter 125, and the communication unit under test 101 can all be detachably connected to the test box 121, for example, by means of a card holder. This facilitates adjustment of the smart terminal 123, the single-phase electric energy meter 124, the three-phase electric energy meter 125, and the communication unit under test 101 to create different testing environments, simulate different actual working conditions, and reduce the workload of on-site commissioning, maintenance, and service.

[0059] In some embodiments, a collector is further provided in the cabinet 12. The collector may be a Type II collector. The collector uses RS485 for downlink communication. One collector can be connected to multiple energy meters to collect energy information from multiple energy meters. The uplink communication uses a power line carrier.

[0060] It should be noted that, in actual applications, the single-phase energy meter 124 and / or the three-phase energy meter 125 may not support power line carrier communication and may only support RS485 communication. Therefore, a collector can be set as a protocol converter, connected between the energy meter and the communication unit under test 101, to convert between the RS485 protocol and the power line carrier protocol, thereby enabling communication between the smart terminal 123 and the single-phase energy meter 124 and the three-phase energy meter 125.

[0061] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the signal control module 13 includes a programmable attenuator. The programmable attenuator is disposed on the shielded RF component, and the signal control module 13 constructs a topological structure between the multiple test boxes 121 by adjusting the value of the programmable attenuator.

[0062] Specifically, the signal control module 13 includes a programmable attenuator, which can be installed in the shielded RF component. The broadband carrier channel transmits and receives signals through the shielded RF component, and the broadband carrier channel can be injected with a power frequency signal. The programmable attenuator can be a programmable attenuator with power frequency access capability. The signal control module 13 can adjust the value of the programmable attenuator to adjust the attenuation of the signal transmitted by the shielded RF component, that is, the attenuation of the broadband carrier channel.

[0063] By adjusting the signal attenuation, the topological level of the multiple test boxes 121 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the topological structure formed by the multiple test boxes 121. For example, when the attenuation is 0dB, the corresponding test box 121 is located at level 1 of the topological structure; when the attenuation is 50dB, the corresponding test box 121 is located at level 7 of the topological structure. By adjusting the value of the programmable attenuator, the signal control module 13 can construct the multiple test boxes 121 into any topological structure, such as a tree, star, or dual-station area. In one example, the multiple test boxes 121 can construct at least three topological environments, and the topological structure levels 0 to 15 are dynamically adjustable.

[0064] In related technologies, substation communications face numerous challenges. For example, outdoor testing environments struggle to fully replicate the complex electromagnetic environment of the power grid, including frequently changing electromagnetic interference, significant signal attenuation with increasing distance, and multipath propagation caused by reflections from buildings in urban environments. These issues can severely interfere with the integrity and transmission rate of data packets in substation communications, impacting communication quality and efficiency.

[0065] In the implementation mode of the present application, a highly simulated laboratory testing environment is constructed to simulate various actual working conditions of substation communications. The low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 integrates advanced radio frequency testing technology, high-precision channel models, and flexible configurable scenarios, that is, based on components such as shielded radio frequency components, programmable attenuators, and detachably connected components in the test box 121, it can accurately reproduce various interferences, channel attenuation, and multipath propagation effects under controlled conditions. In this way, a reliable experimental basis is provided for the research, optimization, and standardization of low-voltage substation communications, accelerating the verification and deployment of a new generation of communication technologies and promoting the development of new power systems that are more efficient, smarter, and more reliable.

[0066] See also Figure 4In some embodiments, the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 further includes a real-time acquisition module 30, a signal processing module 40, and a playback injection module 50. The cabinet 12 is provided with a noise injection port. The real-time acquisition module 30 is used to collect real channel data from different substations during different time periods and under different grid load conditions. The signal processing module 40 is used to process and analyze the real channel data to construct and compile a noise library. The playback injection module 50 is connected to the noise injection port to replay and inject noise signals from the noise library into the cabinet 12.

[0067] Specifically, the real-time acquisition module 30, signal processing module 40, and replay injection module 50 are used to manage the noise library. The real-time acquisition module 30 is connected to the signal processing module 40, which in turn is connected to the replay injection module 50. The cabinet 12 is provided with a noise injection port, to which the replay injection module 50 is connected. The noise injection port is capable of withstanding power frequency fluctuations and can support the injection of various types of power grid noise signals.

[0068] The real-time acquisition module 30 may include any high-sensitivity signal acquisition device, which accurately collects real channel data from different substations at different time periods and under different grid load conditions. The real channel data includes noise data.

[0069] The real channel data is transmitted to the signal processing module 40 , which may include a host computer. The software in the host computer may process and analyze the noise data in the real channel data, and construct and compile a noise library.

[0070] The noise library is transmitted to the playback injection module 50, which may include a visualization device and a playback injection device. The visualization device allows real-time waveform viewing of the noise signals in the noise library. The playback injection device is connected to the noise injection port and plays back the noise signal through the noise injection port and injects it into the detection environment constructed within the cabinet 12.

[0071] In this way, the noise library simulation test that supports low-voltage substation communications can reproduce the diversity and complexity of noise in a real substation communication environment in a detection environment, so as to analyze the causes of on-site problems in actual applications and provide a reliable experimental basis for the research, optimization and standard setting of low-voltage substation communications.

[0072] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the testing module 14 includes any one or more of a spectrum analyzer 141 and a signal generator 142 .

[0073] Specifically, spectrum analyzer 141 can study the spectral structure of electrical signals and can be used to measure signal parameters such as distortion, modulation, spectral purity, frequency stability, and intermodulation distortion. Signal generator 142 is a multi-waveform signal source that can generate sine waves, square waves, triangle waves, sawtooth waves, or other arbitrary waveforms.

[0074] The test module 14 may include only the spectrum analyzer 141, or only the signal generator 142, or both the spectrum analyzer 141 and the signal generator 142. Of course, the test module 14 may also include other standard test instruments according to actual application requirements, which is not limited here.

[0075] In one example, the test module 14 includes a spectrum analyzer 141 and a signal generator 142. The signal generator 142, the communication unit under test 101, and the spectrum analyzer 141 are connected in sequence. The signal generator 142 is used to simulate a signal source, and the spectrum analyzer 141 is used to capture and analyze the output signal of the communication unit under test 101.

[0076] See also Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, in-depth application testing includes any one or more of the following testing functions: high-frequency data collection, active power outage reporting, precise clock management, phase topology identification, automatic substation identification, unified ID management, perpetual calendar synchronization, remote upgrades, communication performance monitoring, and network optimization. Test bench 10 also includes a power supply module 15, which is configured to output isolated power to perform automatic substation identification testing on communication unit 101 under test.

[0077] Specifically, the in-depth application test is carried out based on HPLC technology, including broadband carrier in-depth application test cases, which may include any one or more of the test cases such as high-frequency data collection, active reporting of power outages, precise clock management, phase topology identification, automatic identification of substations, unified ID management, perpetual calendar synchronization, remote upgrade, communication performance monitoring and network optimization.

[0078] The high-frequency data collection test involves intelligent terminal 123 collecting data from single-phase electricity meters 124 and three-phase electricity meters 125. This high-frequency data collection test includes high-frequency real-time data collection, load curve collection, and hourly frozen data collection. This enables high-frequency collection of electricity meter voltage and current data, enabling analysis of power supply line aging trends and monitoring of grid voltage quality and load fluctuations.

[0079] High-frequency real-time data collection: Real-time electricity consumption data is collected 24 to 96 times daily, typically including information such as voltage, current, and power factor. This data is primarily used for analyzing power quality indicators. Data from most nodes within a substation is highly correlated. In large substations with poor channel conditions, data collection can be targeted at key meters. In smaller substations with good channel conditions, data collection can be targeted at all meters. The number of data points collected can be adjusted based on electricity usage characteristics and communication performance. In some cases, the collection interval ranges from 15 minutes to 1 hour. One hour can be divided into integer collection intervals, with the collection interval starting at 0 minutes.

[0080] Load curve and hourly frozen data collection: Daily collection of the previous day's load curve or hourly frozen data is primarily used for detailed time period line loss analysis. In one example, while maintaining 24 points of hourly frozen data, 96 points of 15-minute load curve data can be collected.

[0081] Active power outage reporting test: The HPLC or HPLC+HRF dual-mode STA and collector module on the meter side (i.e., the single-phase electricity meter 124 and the three-phase electricity meter 125, the same below) judges the power outage and power restoration events of the power frequency power supply by the change of the power frequency zero-crossing signal. The HPLC or HPLC+HRF dual-mode module transmits the power outage event information by broadcast and the power restoration event by unicast to the HPLC or HPLC+HRF dual-mode master node on the terminal side (i.e., the smart terminal 123). The HPLC or HPLC+HRF dual-mode master node reports the power outage and restoration event to the smart terminal 123. The smart terminal 123 receives the power outage and restoration event information reported by the local network of the HPLC or HPLC+HRF dual-mode master node, and combines it with the power outage and restoration information of its exchange module to generate relevant local meter power outage and restoration information or substation power outage and restoration information, and reports the information to the master station.

[0082] Clock Accuracy Management Test: Leveraging HPLC or HPLC+HRF low-latency communication and a flexible broadcast time synchronization mechanism, this system ensures clock synchronization and precise management between meters and smart terminals, providing technical support for the implementation of time-of-use and tiered electricity pricing policies. This includes periodic broadcast time synchronization services, precise broadcast time synchronization services, specific meter point reading single-broadcast time synchronization services, and meter clock error services.

[0083] Phase topology identification test: The CCO collects and analyzes slave node phase information. Using the relevant zero-crossing Network Time Base (NTB) information collection command in the HPLC standard, the CCO obtains the slave node's relevant zero-crossing NTB information, compares it with the CCO's local zero-crossing NTB information, analyzes and identifies the slave node's phase information, and determines the slave node's neutral and live wire connection status. Reverse zero-live wire connection conditions are recorded, allowing three-phase slave nodes to determine reverse phase sequence and phase failure events. Reverse phase sequence determination for the three-phase meter module can be achieved by using the CCO to determine three zero-crossings, determining the phase sequence or phase failure status based on the presence and timing of each zero-crossing signal. Alternatively, a single zero-crossing method can be used to determine the three-phase phase sequence status by reading the phase sequence and phase failure status information from the electricity meter. When the CCO reads its three-phase NTB information, it generates three-phase zero-crossing NTB information in response to the CCO's command.

[0084] The automatic zone identification test includes initiating the zone identification task, reporting the zone identification results, handling zone attribution errors, and closing the zone identification task. The test bench 10 also includes a power supply module 15, which can be located within the instrument housing 122. The power supply module 15 can utilize a programmable power supply with adjustable voltage, current, and frequency. The power supply module 15 provides an isolated power output, which can be used to support the automatic zone identification test of the communication unit 101 under test.

[0085] Start the area identification task: For the area that needs to start the area identification function, the area identification task is started remotely. Generally, it is necessary to start the simultaneous identification of adjacent areas. The CCO and STA in the area will perform area identification based on various area feature information.

[0086] Reporting of area identification results: The CCO and STA in the area cooperate with each other to form a relatively correct area identification result. The general identification cycle is 1 day, and the identification result is reported to the smart terminal 123, which then reports to the master station.

[0087] Processing of error information on area affiliation: The master station responds to the error information on area affiliation reported by the area, deletes the incorrect file relationship in the incorrect smart terminal, and adds the correct file relationship to the correct smart terminal.

[0088] Close the area identification task: When the area identification task is completed, remotely close the identification task of the area.

[0089] Unified Identity Document (ID) Management Test: Each HPLC chip has a unique ID issued by the State Grid Metering Center during production, permanently immutable. The HPLC's energy meter or collector reports this information to the CCO upon association request. The HPLC CCO collects and stores the ID information of all nodes in the area, providing batch and single-node ID query services to smart terminals 123.

[0090] Perpetual calendar synchronization test: The time synchronization between CCO and smart terminal 123 is initiated by CCO's active request. Both need to maintain perpetual calendar information. When CCO receives a response from smart terminal 123, it records the received time result to complete the perpetual calendar synchronization.

[0091] Remote upgrade test: Initiated by the master station, the upgrade software is sent to the STA via the smart terminal 123 and CCO for software update. The upgrade process is divided into two phases: the first phase is to send the upgrade file, and the second phase is to report the upgrade results.

[0092] Communication performance monitoring and network optimization testing: During the networking and maintenance process, the carrier slave node STA reports its own ID information to the CCO. During the network networking and maintenance process, the CCO maintains the current network topology, records the ID information of each node, records the information of the adjacent master node, and maintains a dynamic current network communication status. The CCO responds to the network topology query command, carrier chip ID information query command, and adjacent master node query command sent by the smart terminal, and feeds back the current network networking status to the smart terminal 123 through the response to these three types of commands. The smart terminal 123 responds to the network topology query command, chip ID query command, master node adjacent information query and other commands sent by the master station, and feeds back the local HPLC carrier network status to the master station. The master station dynamically displays this network status, can obtain the current network working status, can grasp the network channel status through analysis, and provide guidance for the operation and maintenance management of the carrier channel.

[0093] In other implementations, in-depth application testing may also include automatic file synchronization, minute-level data collection, and identification of physical topology branches in the substation area.

[0094] In the above-mentioned in-depth application test case, CCO and STA are also the communication units 101 to be tested.

[0095] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5In certain embodiments, the software module 20 includes a front-end interaction layer 21, a problem domain layer 22, a data management layer 23, and a system interaction layer 24. The front-end interaction layer 21 is used to manage system resources, interface management, and data interaction. The problem domain layer 22 is used to implement interoperability testing, in-depth application testing, and communication performance testing. The data management layer 23 is used for data management. The system interaction layer 24 is used to interact with the test bench 10 and perform link connection testing.

[0096] Specifically, the front-end interaction layer 21 includes a user interface (UI), and the test bench body 10 also includes a display 16 and an input component 17. The user interface can be displayed on the display 16. The user interface includes a main test interface, an auxiliary test interface, a login interface, and other device information sub-interfaces. The front-end interaction layer 21 can manage and control the user interface. The input component 17 may include a keyboard and a mouse. The user can operate in the user interface through the input component 17 to interact with the low-voltage area communication system for data. The front-end interaction layer 21 is also used to manage system resources.

[0097] The problem domain layer 22 implements business logic and manages business processes through data processing. Business logic defines the rules and procedures to be followed during data processing. Business processes are driven by business logic and involve interactions with other layers. The problem domain layer 22 contains software programs related to testing the communication unit under test 101, used to perform interoperability testing, in-depth application testing, and communication performance testing on the test platform. The problem domain layer 22 is also used to run any other subtasks.

[0098] The data management layer 23 is used for data management, including Access database, registry, Word document, etc. The system interaction layer 24 is used for interaction between the software module 20 and the test platform 10 and link connection detection.

[0099] See also Figure 5 In some embodiments, the software module 20 is provided with a software locking mechanism.

[0100] Specifically, according to the logical architecture of the low-voltage area communication detection system 100, the threads, interrupt service routines and system memory objects related to each layer of the software module 20 can be designed, and the locking process between threads can be designed according to the data communication problems caused thereby. Figure 5 shown.

[0101] In the front-end interaction layer 21, system memory objects include file resource handles for loading user interface resources (UIR), user interface management objects, and UI data interaction memory objects. System memory objects can be integrated into interrupt service routines through resource embedding. The interrupt service routines run by the front-end interaction layer 21 include static callback functions for UIR files, test timers, and dynamic interface callback functions. Interrupt service routines can be integrated into threads through resource embedding. The threads run by the front-end interaction layer 21 include the main system operation process.

[0102] In the problem domain layer 22, system memory objects include system configuration memory objects, parameter configuration memory objects, and device management memory objects. System memory objects can be integrated into interrupt service routines through resource embedding. The interrupt service routines run by the problem domain layer 22 include master node communication timers and child node communication timers. Interrupt service routines can be integrated into threads through resource embedding. The threads run by the problem domain layer 22 include business process management threads, historical test data query threads, and test report generation threads. The problem domain layer 22 can exchange data with the front-end interaction layer 21.

[0103] In the data management layer 23, the system memory objects include data management memory objects, registry management objects, and communication log management objects. The data management layer 23 and the problem domain layer 22 can interact with each other in terms of resources.

[0104] In the system interaction layer 24, system memory objects include Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) management memory objects. Interrupt service routines include TCP event terminations and link detection timers. The system interaction layer 24 and the problem domain layer 22 can interact with resources.

[0105] Among the above-mentioned threads, interrupt service programs and system memory objects, except for the historical test data query thread, test report generation thread, TCP event interrupt, loading UIR file resource handle, interface management object and UI data interaction memory object, the remaining threads, interrupt service programs and system memory objects are created during the startup and initialization process of the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100, and are destroyed when the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 exits.

[0106] The historical test data query thread is created when the software module 20 executes a test data query command, and is automatically canceled after the test data query is completed.

[0107] The test report generation thread is created when the software module 20 executes the report generation command and is automatically canceled after the report generation task is completed.

[0108] A TCP event interrupt is created when a TCP connection is established and is automatically canceled after a TCP disconnection.

[0109] The loaded UIR file resource handle, interface management object and UI data interaction memory object are all created when the low voltage area communication detection system 100 is logged in, and are cancelled when entering the user interface.

[0110] It should be noted that, due to the existence of threads and interrupt service routines, the software module 20 is provided with a software locking mechanism in the service process task list and the TCP management memory object.

[0111] During the execution of the main system process in the front-end interaction layer 21, tasks can be added to the business process task list. In the problem domain layer 22, the business process management thread can call the business process task list to pop up corresponding tasks for execution and delete them. The main system process and the business process management thread may execute concurrently. Therefore, a software locking mechanism, specifically a mutex, is required within the business process task list. Mutexes are a common synchronization mechanism used to ensure that only one thread can access shared resources at any given time.

[0112] In the system interaction layer 24, the parameters in the TCP management memory object are manipulated when TCP data is sent or a TCP event occurs. Furthermore, when a link detects a timer-related interrupt service routine, the TCP management memory object is also manipulated. Therefore, a software locking mechanism, specifically a mutex, is required in the TCP management memory object.

[0113] In this way, by setting up a software locking mechanism, the data consistency of the business process task list and the data consistency of the TCP management memory object can be ensured during the software operation, avoiding resource competition.

[0114] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the software module 20 is also used to implement any one or more of the communication performance testing function, the communication performance quality assessment function, the software version management function, the limit capability detection function, the fault library management function, and the fault scenario simulation test function.

[0115] Specifically, at least some of the functions of the low-voltage area communication detection system 100 are shown in Table 1:

[0116] Table 1 System function list

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] In related technologies, in a unified test environment, only the basic functions of the communication unit can be tested. There is a lack of communication network quality assessment function, communication performance quality assessment function, limit capacity detection function, fault scenario simulation test function, etc., so when applied, compatibility, matching and other problems are inevitable, which increases the subsequent operation and maintenance work.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the software program set in the software module 20, in addition to the basic test functions such as communication performance test and interoperability test, as well as the in-depth application test and noise library management in the aforementioned embodiment, the software module 20 can also realize any one or more of the communication network quality assessment function, communication performance quality assessment function, historical version management function, limit capacity detection function, fault library management function, and fault scenario simulation test function. In this way, it supports full-function testing of the communication unit 101 to be tested, further avoiding problems such as compatibility and matching, reducing the workload of debugging, maintenance, and service at the low-voltage station communication site, reducing the failure rate of the intelligent terminal 123, and improving the reliability and stability of the low-voltage station communication network operation.

[0121] Among them, the communication network quality assessment test refers to the collection and analysis of power line carrier communication interaction messages, the aggregation of data link layer and application layer information contained in the messages, the extraction and statistics of communication quality assessment indicators, the evaluation algorithm process processing and other operations, and the output of assessment results, including weighted score values, site-level and network-level key information statistics and specific problem alarms and other conclusive information, in order to conduct targeted quantitative assessment of the communication quality between HPLC sites and networks, and realize equipment version compliance check, message parameter rationality check, data message interaction process analysis, network stability check, communication success rate statistics and meter reading business process analysis and other functions, and use the assessment results to assist network monitoring and operation and maintenance, network communication fault location and communication network optimization strategy research.

[0122] The communication performance test is used to measure the performance limit of the communication unit 101 to be tested. During the test, the original test process data and result data need to be saved.

[0123] In actual applications, communication units may come from different manufacturers. Therefore, to ensure that the communication units developed by each manufacturer meet unified standards in protocol implementation and achieve interoperability between communication units, a communication performance test can be performed on the communication unit under test 101. The low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 can include a consistency evaluation module to perform communication performance testing on the communication unit under test 101.

[0124] Communication performance quality assessment refers to establishing a scoring system based on the test results of communication performance testing to quantify the performance of the communication module under test. In an example, the scoring table is shown in Table 2:

[0125] Table 2 Scoring table of communication unit 101 under test

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] Historical version management refers to the software version management of the communication unit 101 to be tested (ie, CCO and STA), and has the function of analyzing the difference between the functions and performance of each version.

[0129] Extreme capability testing involves recreating extreme field environments and interference through signal attenuation, noise injection, load control, and topology adjustment to test the extreme performance and carrier communication performance of the communication unit 101 under test. Extreme capability testing includes extreme noise immunity testing, extreme networking topology level testing, extreme low-voltage communication testing, and extreme data acquisition capability testing.

[0130] The extreme noise resistance test refers to continuously changing the size of the noise signal input into the detection environment through the playback injection module 50 to explore the noise resistance of the communication unit 101 under test for document copying and reading in the detection environment.

[0131] Extreme networking topology level testing refers to controlling the testing environment, changing the topology level, verifying the data reading of electricity meters at different levels using solutions from different manufacturers, and verifying the maximum supported topology level.

[0132] Extreme low voltage communication testing refers to controlling the input voltage of the detection environment, reading meter data under different voltage environments, and verifying the lowest voltage at which the electricity meter can operate.

[0133] The extreme data collection capability test refers to controlling the testing environment to verify the total number of electricity meters that can be read by different manufacturers' solutions within the same short time interval, thereby verifying the extreme data collection capability.

[0134] Fault library management involves monitoring the link messages between the intelligent terminal 123, the communication unit under test 101, and the energy meter in the testing environment through carrier message monitoring equipment, thereby monitoring the link communication status and locating faults through message analysis. Software module 20 also includes a fault alarm function to issue a fault alarm after locating the fault.

[0135] Fault scenario simulation testing includes test cases such as incorrect file reading, downlink communication timeout, and meter clock deviation. Fault scenario simulation testing verifies whether the communication mechanism and content of the communication unit 101 under test are reasonable and correct in potential field failure scenarios such as file errors, communication timeouts, and clock deviations, and verifies whether the intelligent terminal 123 forwards incorrect commands.

[0136] In related technologies, the operation and maintenance of low-voltage substation communication networks have problems such as weak fault diagnosis capabilities, lack of unified management methods for multi-vendor and multi-version equipment, and inability to provide early warning of potential problems, making it difficult to achieve customized evaluation of low-voltage substation communication quality and high-reliability maintenance.

[0137] In the implementation of this application, a communication performance evaluation system is established to support fault library management and fault scenario simulation testing, effectively pre-empting problems, improving the operation and maintenance quality of low-voltage substation communications, reducing the workload of on-site commissioning, maintenance, and service, reducing the failure rate in actual applications, and further improving the reliability and stability of low-voltage substation communication network operations. In addition, it provides a reliable experimental basis for the research, optimization, and standardization of low-voltage substation communications, and promotes the standardization, intelligence, and lean construction of power grid metering.

[0138] In summary, in the low-voltage substation communication detection system 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the cabinet 12 is used to build a detection environment, the communication unit to be tested 101 is set in the cabinet 12, the signal control module 13 builds a topology structure, and performs interoperability testing and in-depth application testing on the communication unit to be tested 101 based on the topology structure and the software module 20, and the test module 14 performs communication performance testing on the communication unit to be tested 101 based on the software module 20. In this way, in-depth application testing of the communication unit to be tested 101 is achieved, compatibility and matching problems in actual applications are avoided, the later operation and maintenance work is reduced, and the stability and reliability of the low-voltage substation communication network operation are improved.

[0139] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0140] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and can refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0141] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0142] The disclosure above provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described above. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0143] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," and "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0144] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low voltage area communication detection system, characterized in that: It includes a test bench body and a software module, wherein the test bench body includes a server, a cabinet, a signal control module and a test module; The server is used to support the operation of the low-voltage area communication detection system; The cabinet is used to construct a testing environment, and the communication unit to be tested is arranged in the cabinet; The signal control module is used to construct a topology structure to perform interoperability testing and in-depth application testing on the communication unit to be tested based on the topology structure and the software module; The testing module is used to perform a communication performance test on the communication unit to be tested based on the software module.

2. The low-voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test bench is in a fully shielded mode, and the cabinet includes a plurality of test boxes, and the plurality of test boxes are shielded boxes to shield high-speed power line carrier signals and high-speed wireless frequency communication signals between the plurality of test boxes; The test bench further includes a shielded radio frequency component, which is used to connect the communication links between the multiple test boxes.

3. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An intelligent terminal, a single-phase electric energy meter and a three-phase electric energy meter are arranged in the cabinet. The intelligent terminal, the single-phase electric energy meter, the three-phase electric energy meter and the communication unit to be tested are detachably connected to the cabinet.

4. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal control module includes a programmable attenuator, which is arranged on the shielded radio frequency component. The signal control module constructs the topological structure between the multiple test boxes by adjusting the value of the programmable attenuator.

5. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage area communication detection system further includes a real-time acquisition module, a signal processing module and a playback injection module, and the cabinet is provided with a noise injection port; The real-time acquisition module is used to collect real channel data from different stations in different time periods and under different power grid load conditions; The signal processing module is used to process and analyze the real channel data to construct and compile a noise library; The playback injection module is connected to the noise injection port to play back the noise signal in the noise library and inject it into the cabinet.

6. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test module includes any one or more of a spectrum analyzer and a signal generator.

7. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The in-depth application testing includes any one or more of high-frequency data collection, active power outage reporting, precise clock management, phase topology identification, automatic area identification, unified ID management, perpetual calendar synchronization, remote upgrade, communication performance monitoring, and network optimization; The test bench body further includes a power supply module, which is used to output isolated power so as to perform the automatic identification test of the station area on the communication unit to be tested.

8. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The software module includes a front-end interaction layer, a problem domain layer, a data management layer and a system interaction layer; The front-end interaction layer is used for system resource management, interactive interface management and data interaction; The problem domain layer is used to implement the interoperability test, the in-depth application test and the communication performance test; The data management layer is used for data management; The system interaction layer is used to perform interaction between the software module and the test bench and link connection detection.

9. The low voltage area communication detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The software module is provided with a software locking mechanism.

10. The low-voltage area communication detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The software module is also used to implement any one or more of the communication network quality assessment function, communication performance quality assessment function, historical version management function, limit capability detection function, fault library management function, and fault scenario simulation test function.

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