Method, apparatus, vehicle and computer program for improving ultra-wideband ranging sessions

Abstract

Embodiments relate to a method (100) for improving an ultra-wideband ranging session. The method (100) comprises obtaining (110) an initialization parameter for the ultra-wideband ranging session, In addition, the method (100) comprises determining (120) a start time parameter indicative of a start time of the ultra-wideband ranging session based on the initialization parameter. Furthermore, the method (100) comprises transmitting (130) a start signal indicative of the start time parameter to a communication device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging sessions. Embodiments relate to a method, apparatus, vehicle, and computer program for improving a UWB ranging session (also referred to as a ranging session). Background Art

[0002] It is known that user devices use a fixed UWB start time for ranging session setup, for example for establishing a ranging session with another communication device (e.g., a communication device component of a vehicle). The Car Connectivity Consortium Digital Key Release 3, Technical Specification Version 1.0.11 (CCC-TS-101) [1] defines a UWB start time (referred to as UWB_Time0) in Table 19-28 "Definition of parameters for ranging session setup RS" in Section 19.3.1.6 "Ranging Session Setup Response (RSS-RS)" as: "The start time reference (with 1 microsecond resolution) on the UWB device clock for the ranging session (see Section 20.3)." However, this UWB_Time0 may cause performance issues for different ranging session setups, and therefore optimization may be required for UWB ranging sessions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it has been discovered that ultra-wideband ranging sessions can be improved by determining a start time parameter and transmitting the start time parameter to the communication device. By transmitting the start time parameter to the communication device, the communication device can be informed of the start time of the user device's ranging session. In this way, the communication device can align the start of its ranging session with the start of the user device's ranging session. Thus, delays caused by missing the (first) pre-poll can be avoided.

[0004] An embodiment provides a method for improving an ultra-wideband ranging session. The method includes obtaining initialization parameters for an ultra-wideband ranging session. Furthermore, the method includes determining a start time parameter indicating a start time for the ultra-wideband ranging session based on the initialization parameters. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting a start signal indicating the start time parameter to a communications device. By transmitting the start signal to the communications device, the communications device can synchronize its ranging session with a ranging session of a user device. In this way, both the communications device and the user device can start ranging sessions simultaneously. Consequently, the ranging session can be improved because the communications device can start its own ranging session at a favorable time. In one embodiment, obtaining the initialization parameters may include receiving a configuration signal from the communications device indicating a configuration time for the ultra-wideband ranging session. In this way, the user device can take into account the time required for the communications device to start a ranging session. For example, a communications device may require different times to set up a new ranging session or resume a previously used ranging session. Therefore, the user device can determine the start time parameter based on the configuration time of the communications device to set up or resume a ranging session. In this way, it can be ensured that the user device does not start a ranging session before the communications device is also ready to start a ranging session.

[0005] In one embodiment, obtaining initialization parameters may include determining a processing time for a start signal. For example, transmission of the start signal may be delayed due to internal communication processes of the user device. This internal delay may be the time until a ranging session setup reply or ranging resume reply message (which may include or be equivalent to a start signal indicating the start time parameter) is forwarded to the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chip of the user device. In this way, the timing of the start of a ranging session between the communication device and the user device can be improved.

[0006] In one embodiment, obtaining the initialization parameters may include determining a transmission success rate of the start signal and determining the initialization parameters based on the transmission success rate. In this way, the packet loss rate of the BLE packets can be taken into account. For example, if the probability that the BLE packet is not received by the communication device exceeds a certain threshold, the start time parameter can be determined based on the assumption that the BLE packet needs to be transmitted to the communication device twice in order to transmit the start signal.

[0007] Embodiments provide a method for improving an ultra-wideband ranging session. The method includes determining initialization parameters for the ultra-wideband ranging session. Furthermore, the method includes transmitting a configuration signal indicating the initialization parameters to a user equipment (UE). Furthermore, the method includes receiving a start time parameter from the UE indicating a start time for the ultra-wideband ranging session, and starting the ultra-wideband ranging session based on the start time parameter. In this manner, a communications device can synchronize the start of a ranging session with the UE.

[0008] In one embodiment, the initialization parameters may depend on the initial setup of the ultra-wideband ranging session or the resumption of the ultra-wideband ranging session. In this way, specific characteristics of the ultra-wideband ranging session, such as the configuration time, may be taken into account. As a result, synchronization between the communication device and the user equipment for starting the ranging session may be improved.

[0009] In one embodiment, starting the ultra-wideband ranging session may include determining a start time of the ultra-wideband ranging session based on a start time parameter. In this way, the communication device may determine information for starting a ranging session to avoid delays in communicating with the user equipment in an improved manner.

[0010] An embodiment relates to an apparatus comprising an interface circuit configured to communicate with a communication device and / or a user equipment, and a processing circuit configured to execute the above method. An embodiment relates to a vehicle comprising the above apparatus.

[0011] The embodiment further relates to a computer program having a program code for executing the above method when the computer program is executed on a computer, a processor or a programmable hardware component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Some embodiments of the apparatus, method and / or computer program will be described below, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0013] - Figure 1 An example of a method for a user device is shown;

[0014] - Figure 2 An example of a method for a communication device is shown; and

[0015] - Figure 3 A block diagram of an apparatus, for example for a vehicle, is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] As used herein, the term "or" refers to a non-exclusive or, unless otherwise specified (e.g., "otherwise" or "or as an alternative"). In addition, as used herein, words describing the relationship between elements should be broadly interpreted to include a direct relationship or the presence of intermediate elements, unless otherwise specified. For example, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, the element can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there can be intermediate elements. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intermediate elements. Similarly, words such as "between," "adjacent," etc. should be interpreted in a similar manner. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that when the terms “include,” “comprising,” “having,” or “containing” are used herein, they specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or groups thereof.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the example embodiments belong. It will also be further understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries, for example, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined as such herein.

[0018] Figure 1 An example of a method 100 for a user device is shown. The method 100 may be performed by the user device. The method 100 includes obtaining 110 initialization parameters for an ultra-wideband ranging session. The initialization parameters may indicate parameters for the ranging session. For example, the initialization parameters may indicate a configuration time for the communication device. The configuration time for the communication device may be the time required to configure the communication device for the ranging session. The time to configure the communication device for the ranging session may depend on the type of ranging session, such as the setup of the ranging session or the resumption of the ranging session. For example, the initialization parameters may indicate a time delay caused by the user device, such as a time delay caused by an internal communication delay with a BLE chip of the user device.

[0019] Furthermore, method 100 includes determining 120 a start time parameter indicating a start time of an ultra-wideband ranging session. The start time parameter is determined based on initialization parameters. For example, the start time parameter may indicate or may be a UWB start time, UWB-Time0. The start time parameter may, for example, be a (global) time determined by a user device. This (global) time may be communicated to the communication device so that the communication device may start its ranging session based on this (global) time. This (global) time may be a time that can be used to synchronize the user device and the communication device. Alternatively, the start time parameter may indicate a delay in starting the ranging session at the communication device and / or the user device. Furthermore, method 100 includes transmitting 130 a start signal indicating the start time parameter. The start signal is transmitted 130 to the communication device. For example, the communication device may be a receiving vehicle.

[0020] By transmitting a start signal to the communication device, the communication device can synchronize its ranging session with the ranging session of the user equipment. In this way, both the communication device and the user equipment can start the ranging session at the same time.

[0021] According to [1], for each ranging session, the initiator (usually a user device) and the responder (usually a vehicle, such as a communication device of a vehicle) negotiate the ranging parameters (also called handshake in [1]). The handshake is performed over the BLE communication link between the user device and the communication device. The initiator transmits UWB_Time0, which lets the responder know how long to wait before it starts ranging. Ranging can start with a pre-poll, i.e. the first ranging round, which always has a frequency hopping offset of 0. This can be the start of a ranging block in which a pre-poll is sent. UWB Time0 is provided to the responder in the ranging session setup reply message or the ranging resume reply message. If UWB Time0 is too low, the responder will miss the first pre-poll and / or the pre-poll of frame index 0 and miss the entire ranging round of frame index 0, respectively. If the first pre-poll is missed due to out-of-band time synchronization, the receiver may not have accurate information about the arrival time of the first frame. The frequency hopping offset of the first frame will depend on the specific implementation of the UWB system, including the channel hopping sequence and timing parameters used.

[0022] For example, with out-of-band time synchronization, and given enough UWB time0, the receiver can receive frame index 1. In the worst case, this frame index has a frequency hopping offset of 11, so given a RAN multiplier of 3, the added delay is 552 milliseconds.

[0023] By obtaining initialization parameters and determining a start time parameter, adaptive setting of the ranging session start time can be achieved. This reduces the likelihood that the responder will miss the first pre-poll and / or the pre-poll at frame index 0, or even prevents such a miss. Consequently, ranging sessions can be improved. For example, the start time parameter can be different for different desired configurations of the communication device (e.g., configurations required for ranging session setup or ranging session resumption).

[0024] Note that even though the above description describes this issue with respect to the first pre-polling and / or pre-polling, the same issue also arises with respect to polling and can be addressed by method 100. For example, with time synchronization, a successful ranging session can, in principle, be performed even if the first pre-polling and / or pre-polling are missed. However, if the polling is missed, a successful ranging session cannot be performed based on time synchronization. Therefore, polling may be even more critical to a successful ranging session. Therefore, the start signal can be used by the communication device to synchronize polling for the ranging session.

[0025] In one embodiment, obtaining the initialization parameters may include receiving a configuration signal from the communication device indicating a configuration time of the communication device for the ultra-wideband ranging session. In this way, the user equipment may be informed by the communication device of the time required to configure the communication device for starting the ranging session. For example, the configuration signal may indicate or include the initialization parameters.

[0026] For example, there may be a protocol change, such as in [1], by redefining or adjusting the handshake. The handshake may be redefined / adjusted such that the time required for the communication device (the responder in the handshake) to configure is taken into account. For example, a configuration signal may be integrated in the handshake. The configuration signal may indicate a configuration time, which may be a fixed time for the communication device. This fixed time may be adjusted using only over-the-air updates. The configuration time is different for ranging session setup and ranging session recovery. Therefore, during the handshake (including the negotiation of ranging parameters), the communication device should inform the user device of its capabilities, for example regarding the configuration time. Therefore, the user device may receive a configuration signal from the communication device. The configuration signal may include information about the minimum time required to set up a ranging session (e.g., min_UWB_Time0_Responder_Setup) or the minimum time required to resume a previously used ranging session (min_UWB_Time0_Responder_Recovery).

[0027] In one embodiment, obtaining initialization parameters may include determining a processing time for a start signal. The user device may have its own processing time. For example, the processing time may depend on the communication time between the user device's processing circuitry (e.g., for determining the start time parameter) and the user device's Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chip (including interface circuitry for transmitting the start signal). For example, a parameter Initiator_Transmisson_Delay_UWB_Time0 may be defined for the processing time. For example, the start signal may be part of a ranging session setup reply message or a ranging recovery reply message, or may be a ranging session setup reply message or a ranging recovery reply message (which includes a start time parameter, such as UWB_Time0). The processing time may be the duration until the start signal is forwarded from the processing circuitry to the user device's Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chip. In one embodiment, obtaining initialization parameters may include determining a transmission success rate of the start signal and determining the initialization parameters based on the transmission success rate. The transmission success rate may indicate the success of a transmission from the user device to the communication device. For example, the transmission success rate may indicate the likelihood of successfully receiving the start signal at the communication device.

[0028] A BLE connection has the following properties for performing a handshake and can have the following parameters:

[0029] - BLE connection interval: Typically 30ms for use cases corresponding to [1]. Due to power optimization, it can be around 120ms in some scenarios.

[0030] - BLE Retries: In the presence of interference, the first transmission may not be successfully received by the responder. The message is then resent (with BLE Retries = 1). This may affect the transmission success rate. The parameter BLE Retries can be modeled to account for the transmission success rate.

[0031] For example, the parameter BLE retry count may be determined based on a previous BLE communication link between the user equipment and the communication device, such as by channel sensing or by measuring a signal-to-noise ratio. Alternatively or additionally, the parameter BLE retry count may be determined based on other BLE communication links.

[0032] Additionally, for a BLE connection or before starting a ranging session, out-of-band time synchronization can be performed. In this manner, the initiator time of a BLE connection is zero, Initiator Time = 0. UWB time0 corresponds to the time of time synchronization X defined by the initiator (typically the user device). Therefore, UWB_time0 = X + 250 ms.

[0033] Note that out-of-band time synchronization is not mandatory for vehicles. For example, a vehicle including a communication device can configure a vehicle anchor point upon receiving a ranging session resume / setup message. Thus, the vehicle can set the vehicle anchor point for continuous reception. However, it is particularly important during this setup process that the difference between Initiator_Time and UEB_time0 is no less than the user's time.

[0034] The user equipment determines 120 a start time parameter such that the start time parameter may depend on at least one of the above parameters. For example, the user equipment may set the start time parameter, such as UWB_time0, based on the following formula:

[0035] For ranging session setup:

[0036]

[0037] For ranging session resumption:

[0038]

[0039] In this way, the parameters required for determining the start time parameter can be taken into account. Therefore, the ranging session can be improved. Note that, as described above, if the user equipment and the communication device have performed out-of-band time synchronization, then Initiator_Time can be 0.

[0040] Generally, a communication device and / or user device may be a device capable of wireless communication. However, in particular, the user device may be a mobile user device, such as a user device suitable for being carried by a user. For example, the user device may be a user terminal or a user device within the meaning of a corresponding communication standard for mobile communication. For example, the user device may be a mobile phone, such as a smartphone, or another type of mobile communication device, such as a smartwatch, a laptop, a tablet, or autonomous augmented reality glasses.

[0041] Further details and aspects will be mentioned in conjunction with the embodiments described below. Figure 1 The examples shown in may include one or more optional additional features corresponding to one or more aspects mentioned in conjunction with the proposed concept or one or more examples described below (e.g., Figure 2-3 ).

[0042] Figure 2 An example of a method 200 for improving an ultra-wideband ranging session is shown. The method 200 may be performed by a communication device, such as a communication device component of a vehicle. The communication device may be a counterpart of a user device, such as a device configured to perform a reference Figure 1 A method is described for a counterpart of a user equipment.

[0043] Method 200 includes determining 210 initialization parameters for an ultra-wideband ranging session. The initialization parameters may indicate a configuration time for the communications device. As described above, the communications device may require different configuration times for different ranging sessions. For example, the configuration time for setting up a ranging session may be different from the configuration time for resuming a ranging session. Furthermore, method 200 includes transmitting 220 a configuration signal indicating the initialization parameters. The configuration signal is transmitted to a user equipment. Furthermore, method 200 includes receiving 230 a start signal indicating a start time parameter. The start time parameter indicates a start time for the ultra-wideband ranging session. The start time signal is received from the user equipment.

[0044] Furthermore, the method 200 comprises starting 240 an ultra wideband ranging session based on the start time parameter. In this way, the communication device may synchronize the start of the ranging session with the user equipment.

[0045] In one embodiment, the initialization parameters may depend on the initial setup of the ultra-wideband ranging session or the resumption of the ultra-wideband ranging session.In this way, specific characteristics of the ultra-wideband ranging session, such as the configuration time, may be taken into account.

[0046] In one embodiment, initiating an ultra-wideband ranging session may include determining a start time for the ultra-wideband ranging session based on a start time parameter. For example, the communication device may rely on the start time parameter to configure its own interface circuitry for the ranging session. For example, if the communication device does not know the start time parameter, the communication device may be unable to perform configuration for starting the ranging session. In this way, it can be ensured that the communication device is only configured for the ranging session when the information required for configuration (e.g., the start time parameter) is available. Therefore, the BLE connection interval and the expected number of retransmissions may also be considered in configuring the communication device.

[0047] Further details and aspects will be mentioned in conjunction with the embodiments described above and / or below. Figure 2 The examples shown in may include one or more optional additional features corresponding to one or more aspects mentioned in conjunction with the proposed concept or above (e.g., Figure 1 ) and / or below (e.g., Figure 3 -4) One or more examples of the description.

[0048] Figure 3 1 shows a block diagram of an example of an apparatus 30 for a vehicle 40. The apparatus 30 includes an interface circuit 32 configured to communicate with a communication device or user equipment, and a circuit configured to perform the above method (e.g., referring to Figure 1 Methods or references to user equipment described Figure 2 For example, the apparatus 30 may be part of a vehicle 40, such as a part of a control unit of the vehicle 40. For example, referring to Figure 2 The communication device and apparatus 30 described may be part of the same vehicle 40 or may be identical. For example, the vehicle 40 may be a land vehicle such as a road vehicle, a sedan, an automobile, an SUV, a motor vehicle, a bus, a robotaxi, a van, a truck, or a van. Alternatively, the vehicle 40 may be any other type of vehicle, such as a train, a subway train, a boat, or a ship. For example, the proposed concepts may be applied to public transportation (trains, buses) and future modes of mobility (e.g., robotaxis).

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG, at device 30, corresponding interface circuitry 32 is coupled to corresponding processing circuitry 34. In an example, processing circuitry 34 can be implemented using one or more processing units, one or more processing devices, or any other means for processing (e.g., a processor, a computer, or a programmable hardware component that can be run via corresponding adapted software). Similarly, the described functionality of processing circuitry 34 can also be implemented in software and then executed on one or more programmable hardware components. Such hardware components may include general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), microcontrollers, etc. Processing circuitry 34 is capable of controlling interface circuitry 32, such that any data transmission occurring on interface circuitry 32 and / or any interactions in which interface circuitry 32 may participate can be controlled by processing circuitry 34.

[0050] In an embodiment, the apparatus 30 may include a memory and at least one processing circuit 34 operatively coupled to the memory and configured to perform the above-described method.

[0051] In an example, the interface circuit 32 may correspond to any device for acquiring, receiving, transmitting, or providing analog or digital signals or information, such as any connector, contact, pin, register, input port, output port, conductor, channel, etc., which allows providing or acquiring signals or information. The interface circuit 32 may be wireless or wired, and it may be configured to communicate with other internal or external components, such as transmitting or receiving signals or information.

[0052] The device 30 may be a computer, a processor, a control unit, a (field) programmable logic array ((F)PLA), a (field) programmable gate array ((F)PGA), a graphics processor unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit (IC), or a system on a chip (SoCs).

[0053] Further details and aspects will be mentioned in conjunction with the described embodiments. Figure 3 The illustrated examples may include one or more optional additional features corresponding to one or more aspects mentioned in conjunction with the proposed concept or described above (e.g., Figure 1-2) One or more examples described in conjunction with the preceding examples. Aspects and features described in conjunction with a particular one of the preceding examples may also be combined with one or more other examples to replace the same or similar features of the other examples, or to introduce these features additionally into the other examples.

[0054] Embodiments may also include or relate to a (computer) program comprising program code that, when executed on a computer, processor, or other programmable hardware component, performs one or more of the aforementioned methods. Thus, the steps, operations, or processes of the various methods described above may also be performed by a programmed computer, processor, or other programmable hardware component. Embodiments may also encompass program storage devices, such as digital data storage media, that are readable by a machine, processor, or computer and that encode and / or contain machine-executable, processor-executable, or computer-executable programs and instructions. Program storage devices may include or be digital storage devices, magnetic storage media (such as magnetic disks and tapes), hard drives, or optically readable digital data storage media. Other embodiments may also include computers, processors, control units, (field) programmable logic arrays (PLAs), (field) programmable gate arrays (PGAs), graphics processor units (GPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), integrated circuits (ICs), or system-on-chip (SoCs) systems programmed to perform the steps of the aforementioned methods.

[0055] It should also be understood that the disclosure of several steps, processes, operations, or functions in the specification or claims should not be interpreted as implying that these operations necessarily depend on the order described, unless explicitly stated in individual cases or required for technical reasons. Therefore, the foregoing description does not limit the execution of several steps or functions to a specific order. In addition, in further embodiments, a single step, function, process, or operation may include and / or be decomposed into several sub-steps, sub-functions, sub-processes, or sub-operations.

[0056] If aspects have been described in conjunction with an apparatus or system, these aspects should also be understood as descriptions of corresponding methods. For example, a block, device, or functional aspect of an apparatus or system may correspond to a feature of a corresponding method, such as a method step. Thus, aspects described in conjunction with a method should also be understood as descriptions of the corresponding block, element, attribute, or functional feature of the corresponding apparatus or system.

[0057] If some aspects have been described in conjunction with an apparatus or system, these aspects should also be understood as descriptions of the corresponding methods, and vice versa. For example, blocks, devices or functional aspects of an apparatus or system may correspond to features of the corresponding methods, such as method steps. Therefore, aspects described in conjunction with methods should also be understood as descriptions of corresponding blocks, corresponding elements, attributes or functional features of the corresponding apparatus or corresponding system. The following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim may exist as a separate embodiment in itself. It should also be noted that although dependent claims refer to specific combinations with one or more other claims in the claims, other embodiments may also include combinations of dependent claims with the subject matter of any other dependent or independent claims. Unless it is indicated in individual cases that a specific combination is not desired, such a combination is explicitly proposed. In addition, features of a claim should also include any other independent claim, even if the claim is not directly defined as being dependent on the other independent claim.

[0058] Aspects and features described in conjunction with a particular one of the preceding examples may also be combined with one or more other examples to replace the same or similar features of that other example, or to otherwise introduce those features into that other example.

[0059] List of reference numerals:

[0060] 30 devices

[0061] 32 processing circuits

[0062] 34 Interface circuit

[0063] 40 vehicles

[0064] 100 Method for improving ultra-wideband ranging sessions

[0065] 110 Get initialization parameters

[0066] 120 Determine the start time parameter

[0067] 130 Transmission start signal

[0068] 200 Method for improving ultra-wideband ranging sessions

[0069] 210 Determine initialization parameters for ultra-wideband ranging session

[0070] 220 Transmits configuration signal indicating initialization parameters

[0071] 230 Receive indication start signal

[0072] 240 Start of UWB ranging session

Claims

1. A method (100) for improving an ultra-wideband ranging session, comprising: Obtaining (110) initialization parameters for the ultra-wideband ranging session; Based on the initialization parameter, determining (120) a start time parameter indicating a start time of the ultra-wideband ranging session; as well as A start signal indicating the start time parameter is transmitted (130) to the communication device.

2. The method (100) according to claim 1, wherein Acquiring the initialization parameters includes receiving a configuration signal from the communication device indicating a configuration time of the communication device for the ultra-wideband ranging session.

3. The method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein Acquiring the initialization parameters includes determining a processing time of the start signal.

4. The method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein Acquiring the initialization parameter includes: determining a transmission success rate of the start signal; and determining the initialization parameter based on the transmission success rate.

5. A method (200) for improving an ultra-wideband ranging session, comprising: determining (210) initialization parameters for the ultra-wideband ranging session; transmitting (220) a configuration signal indicating said initialization parameters to a user equipment; receiving (230) a start signal from the user equipment indicating a start time parameter, the start time parameter indicating a start time of the ultra-wideband ranging session; and The ultra-wideband ranging session is started (240) based on the start time parameter.

6. The method (200) according to claim 5, wherein The initialization parameters depend on an initial setup of an ultra-wideband ranging session or a resumption of an ultra-wideband ranging session.

7. The method (200) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: Starting the ultra-wideband ranging session includes determining a start time of the ultra-wideband ranging session based on the start time parameter.

8. An apparatus (30) comprising: an interface circuit (32) configured to communicate with at least one of a communication device or a user equipment; and processing circuitry (34) configured to perform a method according to any one of the preceding claims.

9. A vehicle (40) comprising the device (30) according to claim 8.

10. A computer program comprising a program code for carrying out the method (100; 200) according to claim 1, when the computer program is executed on a computer, a processor or a programmable hardware component.

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