Rape bee pollen crushing and extracting process

Abstract

The invention discloses a rape bee pollen crushing and extracting technology, and relates to the technical field of health food, the rape bee pollen crushing and extracting technology comprises the following steps: S1, selecting proper crude rape pollen, and crushing; s2, performing degreasing, drying and wall breaking on the crushed rape pollen; s3, extracting crude flavone in the pollen subjected to wall breaking; when pollen is subjected to wall breaking work by combining an ultrasonic wall breaking method with an enzymolysis method, an enzyme can cut off cellulose or other polysaccharide components of pollen particles, promote protein on the surfaces of the pollen particles and crush the pollen particles into smaller fragments, so that subsequent experimental operation or analysis is facilitated; the pollen is vibrated by using high-frequency sound waves to destroy cell walls, so that chemical substances in cells are more easily extracted; therefore, the pollen wall breaking efficiency is maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of health-care foods, in particular to a process for crushing and extracting rapeseed bee pollen. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the growing appreciation of rapeseed's edible and medicinal properties, research has continued to optimize its crushing and extraction processes and utilization methods, evolving from traditional water and organic solvent extraction to ultrasonic, microbial, and enzymatic extraction. With advancements in industrial production technology, the application value of rapeseed has been greatly enhanced, and its potential for use has been significantly expanded. For example, while previous research on rapeseed's active ingredients focused on the utilization and efficacy of polysaccharides, current research is focusing on the application of small-molecule active peptides derived from rapeseed pollen protein, which facilitates digestion and recovery.

[0003] Patent Publication No. CN113575970B discloses a method for preparing a rapeseed pollen extract, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparing a rapeseed pollen peptide solution from a mixed oil; S2. Adding vegetable oil to the rapeseed pollen peptide solution from S1, shaking, centrifuging, separating an upper layer of oil rich in nervonic acid and pollen flavonoids, and drying the lower layer to obtain the rapeseed pollen peptide. This method breaks the critical point of the emulsified state by adding a small amount of vegetable oil, allowing the simultaneous preparation of rapeseed pollen peptides and rapeseed pollen oil rich in nervonic acid and flavonoids in a single step. This method for extracting nervonic acid is simple, time-saving, labor-saving, and material-efficient. The simultaneous extraction of nervonic acid and pollen flavonoids leaves no industrial drug residues, ensuring health and pollution-free operation. After simple processing, the extract can be used. The preparation of rapeseed pollen peptide powder simultaneously extracts nervonic acid and simultaneously extracts flavonoids from the rapeseed flowers, effectively utilizing the rapeseed flowers.

[0004] Since the pollen particles first need to be crushed by a wall-breaking machine and then mixed and reacted with chemicals to obtain a concentrated rapeseed pollen peptide solution, the wall-breaking efficiency of the pollen particles directly affects the overall quality of the concentrated rapeseed pollen peptide solution. In order to improve the wall-breaking efficiency, some drying equipment is also used to dry the wet pollen in the prior art. It was found in experiments that these devices take a long time to dry the pollen, the drying effect is poor, and the electrical power consumption is too large, which is not conducive to the research and progress of rapeseed bee pollen in the experiment. Therefore, the present invention further refines, improves and expands step S1 in the above patent, and at the same time improves the drying equipment used in the bee pollen crushing and extraction experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process to solve the problems raised in the above background.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Select appropriate crude rapeseed pollen and crush it;

[0008] S2: defatting, drying and breaking the pollen wall of the crushed rapeseed pollen;

[0009] S3: Extracting crude flavonoids from the pollen after wall breaking.

[0010] Preferably, the crude rapeseed pollen in S1 is selected from areas with an altitude of more than one thousand meters. Because the rapeseed flowers in this area bloom later and have a longer flowering period, the rapeseed pollen has a higher content of flavonoids and is more valuable for research and utilization. The rapeseed flowers are placed in a drying equipment and dried at 65 degrees Celsius for 24 hours, and then crushed and filtered through a 60-mesh filter to obtain rapeseed pollen of uniform specifications.

[0011] Preferably, the S2 wraps the rapeseed pollen of uniform specifications with filter paper and places it in a Soxhlet extractor, defattes it with petroleum ether reflux until it is colorless, evaporates it in a fume hood for 5 hours, and then dries it at 50 degrees Celsius through a drying equipment; two wall breaking methods are used in the S2: ultrasonic combined with enzymatic wall breaking and high-pressure air flow crushing and wall breaking.

[0012] Preferably, the ultrasonic wave is combined with enzymatic hydrolysis to break the pollen wall: taking 100 grams of rapeseed pollen as an example, it is necessary to prepare a complex enzyme solution containing 0.3% cellulase, 0.3% pectinase, and 0.3% protease, and the pH of the complex enzyme solution is adjusted to about 3.0. 40 mL of the complex enzyme solution is placed in 100 grams of rapeseed pollen, stirred with a magnetic stirrer to dissolve it, immersed for 2 to 3 hours, placed in a 240W ultrasonic generator at a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees Celsius for 10 to 20 minutes of ultrasound, and then placed in a drying equipment to remove moisture to obtain broken pollen.

[0013] Preferably, the high-pressure airflow crushing and wall-breaking method is as follows: the crushed rapeseed pollen is placed in a high-pressure airflow crusher, so that the fine pollen particles rotate with the supersonic strong airflow and collide with the high-strength annular ceramic ring, causing the pollen to break, thereby obtaining broken-wall pollen.

[0014] Preferably, the high-pressure airflow crushing and wall-breaking process requires high humidity control of rapeseed pollen, because high humidity will make the pollen elastic and act as a buffer when impacted, thereby affecting the wall-breaking rate; therefore, a kind of bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment is needed when crushing and extracting rapeseed bee pollen.

[0015] Preferably, the bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment includes a control panel, the upper surface of which is fixedly connected to a protective plate, and a servo motor is fixedly installed inside the protective plate; a dehumidification component for controlling the efficient drying of rapeseed bee pollen is provided on one side of the servo motor; and a drying chamber for storing rapeseed bee pollen is provided on one side of the dehumidification component.

[0016] Preferably, the dehumidification component includes a cam, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, and the surface of the cam is slidably connected to a sliding frame, the lower surface of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped connecting frame, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting frame is fixedly connected to a magnetic suction cup; the upper surface of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to one end of the control frame, and the other end of the control frame is rotatably connected to one end of the driving rod, and the other end of the driving rod is slidably connected to a limiting frame, and the driving rod is slidably connected to the protective plate; the surface of the limiting frame is fixedly connected to a fixing sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the drying chamber, and the drying chamber includes a rubber pad, a magnetic ring is fixedly provided below the rubber pad, and a leather plug is detachably connected to the surface of the magnetic ring; a storage cylinder is fixedly connected above the rubber pad, a ventilation hole is opened on the surface of the storage cylinder, and a humidity detector for monitoring the humidity of rapeseed bee pollen is provided inside the storage cylinder; a supporting slide column is fixedly connected to the interior of the storage cylinder, the surface of the support slide column is slidably connected to the filter screen, the surface of the filter screen is fixedly connected to one end of a compression spring, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the supporting slide column; the surface of the storage cylinder is rotatably connected to a rotating air inlet cylinder, the surface of the rotating air inlet cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of a driving rope, and the other end of the driving rope is fixedly connected to the magnetic ring; a hot air blower is fixedly provided on the surface of the protective plate, an air inlet is connected above the hot air blower, and an exhaust pipe is connected below the hot air blower, and the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the rotating air inlet cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, in S3, a certain amount of 95% ethanol is added to the pollen after wall breaking, and the mixture is refluxed in a water bath at a certain temperature for several hours. The supernatant is collected by centrifugation to obtain a flavonoid extract, and the extract is then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried in vacuum to obtain a crude flavonoid extract.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention improves the pollen wall breaking rate by combining ultrasonic wall breaking with enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzyme can cut the cellulose or other polysaccharide components of the pollen grains, promoting the protein on the surface of the pollen grains to break the pollen grains into smaller fragments, which is convenient for subsequent experimental operations or analysis. The high-frequency sound waves are used to vibrate the pollen to destroy the cell wall, making the chemical substances in the cells easier to extract, thereby maximizing the pollen wall breaking efficiency.

[0021] 2. The present invention uses high-pressure airflow to crush and refine the pollen. Under the strong impact of the airflow, the pollen is subjected to severe impact and friction, so that the pollen physically breaks the original solid structure and achieves a good wall-breaking effect.

[0022] 3. In order to improve the pollen wall breaking rate in the high-pressure airflow method, the present invention further dehumidifies the pollen through the bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment; the cam rotates to control the magnetic suction cup to drive the magnetic ring to move downward, and the fixed sleeve swings the driving rod to control the storage cylinder to move upward; when the magnetic ring moves downward, the rubber pad is stretched, causing the rubber pad to take a cone shape to collect the pollen. At the same time, when the storage cylinder moves upward, the hot air blower is started, so that the hot air is discharged into the drying chamber through the exhaust pipe and the rotating air inlet cylinder, thereby preheating the air inside the drying chamber, thereby providing a good drying environment for the pollen and improving the pollen drying effect;

[0023] 4. When the magnetic ring slides downward, the elasticity of the rubber pad exceeds its limit, and the magnetic ring is separated from the magnetic suction cup. Under the elastic reset of the rubber pad, the pollen collected inside the rubber pad is quickly dispersed into the storage cylinder, making it completely exposed to the hot air blown by the rotating air inlet cylinder. This fully dehumidifies the pollen without destroying its molecular structure, effectively improving the pollen wall-breaking effect of the high-pressure airflow crushing method;

[0024] 5. The present invention utilizes the physical properties of the rubber pad and the gravity of the magnetic ring to cause the rubber pad to reset and bounce multiple times, thereby turning the pollen inside the rubber pad multiple times, thereby removing moisture from the pollen more quickly and further improving the dehumidification and drying effect of the pollen;

[0025] 6. The present invention drives the magnetic ring to reset and bounce multiple times through the rubber pad. When the magnetic ring bounces upward, it repels the filter, causing the filter to slide upward on the surface of the support slide column; when the magnetic ring bounces downward, the magnetism between the magnetic ring and the filter is released, causing the filter to fall downward rapidly under its own gravity and the elastic reset of the compression spring. This is repeated, thereby shaking off the moist pollen adsorbed on the surface of the filter. When the filter slides to the bottom surface of the support slide column, the filter is repeatedly collided with the support slide column again due to the elasticity of the compression spring, further improving the shaking-off effect, thereby preventing the filter mesh from being clogged by the moist pollen adsorbed, and further drying the pollen more quickly and efficiently.

[0026] 7. The present invention arranges multiple groups of compression springs inside the support column, and the elasticity of the compression springs on the left and right sides is different. As a result, the filter can not only slide downward quickly to shake off the pollen when the compression springs are reset, but also can cause the filter to shake left and right inside the support column due to the elastic difference of the compression springs on both sides, thereby enabling the filter to complete the moisture removal process more efficiently.

[0027] 8. The present invention controls the angle of the rotating air inlet cylinder inside the storage cylinder by the up and down reciprocating bouncing of the magnetic ring. When the magnetic ring moves downward, it will pull one side of the rotating air inlet cylinder downward through the driving rope, causing the other side of the rotating air inlet cylinder to swing upward, thereby stirring the pollen completely exposed inside the drying chamber; the effect is the same when the magnetic ring moves upward; therefore, the device further improves the drying effect of the pollen by combining the hot air flow with a constantly changing angle in the process of the rubber pad driving the pollen to flip back and forth inside the drying chamber, thereby further maximizing the pollen wall breaking rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the process steps for crushing and extracting rapeseed bee pollen according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for crushing, extracting and drying bee pollen according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of a device for crushing, extracting and drying bee pollen according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the control frame and the drive rod of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the motion relationship between the driving rod and the limiting frame of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying chamber of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber pad of the present invention in a downwardly stretched state;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movement positions of the rubber pad and the storage cylinder of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure: 1. Control panel; 2. Protective plate; 3. Servo motor; 4. Hot air blower; 5. Air inlet; 6. Exhaust duct; 7. Drying chamber; 71. Rubber pad; 72. Magnetic ring; 73. Leather plug; 74. Ventilation port; 75. Humidity detector; 76. Storage cylinder; 77. Support slide column; 78. Filter; 79. Compression spring; 710. Rotating air inlet cylinder; 711. Drive rope; 100. Dehumidification component; 101. Cam; 102. Sliding frame; 103. L-shaped connecting frame; 104. Magnetic suction cup; 105. Control frame; 106. Drive rod; 107. Limit frame; 108. Fixing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Because pollen particles first need to be crushed by a wall-breaking machine and then mixed and reacted with chemicals to obtain a concentrated rapeseed pollen peptide solution, the crushing effect of the pollen particles seriously affects the overall quality of the concentrated rapeseed pollen peptide solution. Therefore, the present invention proposes a rapeseed bee pollen crushing and extraction process, which includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: Select appropriate crude rapeseed pollen and crush it;

[0039] S2: defatting, drying and breaking the pollen wall of the crushed rapeseed pollen;

[0040] S3: Extracting crude flavonoids from the pollen after wall breaking.

[0041] S1 crude rapeseed pollen is selected from areas with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters. Because rapeseed flowers in this area bloom later and have a longer flowering period, the rapeseed pollen contains higher levels of flavonoids and has greater research and utilization value. The rapeseed flowers are placed in a drying equipment and dried at 65 degrees Celsius for 24 hours, and then crushed and filtered through a 60-mesh filter to obtain rapeseed pollen with uniform specifications.

[0042] S2 wraps rapeseed pollen of uniform size with filter paper and places it in a Soxhlet extractor. It is degreased by reflux of petroleum ether until it becomes colorless, evaporated in a fume hood for 5 hours, and then dried at 50 degrees Celsius using drying equipment. S2 uses two wall breaking methods: ultrasonic combined with enzymatic wall breaking and high-pressure air flow crushing.

[0043] Ultrasonic combined with enzymatic hydrolysis to break the pollen wall: Taking 100 grams of rapeseed pollen as an example, it is necessary to prepare a complex enzyme solution containing 0.3% cellulase, 0.3% pectinase, and 0.3% protease. Commonly used proteases include trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pepsin. These enzymes can cut the cellulose or other polysaccharide components of the pollen grains, promote the protein on the surface of the pollen grains, and break the pollen grains into smaller fragments, which is convenient for subsequent experimental operations or analysis; the pH of this complex enzyme solution is adjusted to about 3.0, 40 mL of this complex enzyme solution is taken and placed in 100 grams of rapeseed pollen, stirred with a magnetic stirrer to dissolve it, immersed for 2 to 3 hours, placed in a 240W ultrasonic generator at a temperature of 30 to 70 degrees Celsius for 10 to 20 minutes of ultrasonication, and then placed in a drying equipment to remove moisture to obtain broken pollen wall.

[0044] High-pressure airflow crushing and wall-breaking: The crushed rapeseed pollen is placed in a high-pressure airflow crusher, so that the fine pollen particles rotate with the supersonic strong airflow and collide with the high-strength annular ceramic ring, causing the pollen to break, thereby obtaining broken-wall pollen.

[0045] The high-pressure airflow crushing and wall-breaking process requires high humidity control for rapeseed pollen, because high humidity will make the pollen elastic and act as a buffer during impact, thus affecting the wall-breaking rate; therefore, a kind of bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment is needed when crushing and extracting rapeseed bee pollen.

[0046] A bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying device includes a control console 1, the upper surface of which is fixedly connected to a protective plate 2, and a servo motor 3 is fixedly installed inside the protective plate 2; a dehumidification component 100 for controlling the efficient drying of rapeseed bee pollen is provided on one side of the servo motor 3; and a drying chamber 7 for storing rapeseed bee pollen is provided on one side of the dehumidification component 100.

[0047] The dehumidification component 100 includes a cam 101, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 3. The surface of the cam 101 is slidably connected to a sliding frame 102. The lower surface of the sliding frame 102 is fixedly connected to one end of an L-shaped connecting frame 103, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting frame 103 is fixedly connected to a magnetic suction cup 104; the upper surface of the sliding frame 102 is fixedly connected to one end of a control frame 105, and the other end of the control frame 105 is rotatably connected to one end of a driving rod 106, and the other end of the driving rod 106 is slidably connected to a limiting frame 107, and the driving rod 106 is slidably connected to the protective plate 2; the surface of the limiting frame 107 is fixedly connected to a fixing sleeve 108.

[0048] The fixing sleeve 108 is fixedly connected to the drying chamber 7, and the drying chamber 7 includes a rubber pad 71, a magnetic ring 72 is fixedly provided below the rubber pad 71, and a leather plug 73 is detachably connected to the surface of the magnetic ring 72; a storage cylinder 76 is fixedly connected above the rubber pad 71, and a vent 74 is provided on the surface of the storage cylinder 76, and a humidity detector 75 for monitoring the humidity of the rape bee pollen is provided inside the storage cylinder 76; a support slide 77 is fixedly connected to the interior of the storage cylinder 76, and a filter 78 is slidably connected to the surface of the support slide 77. The surface of the filter 78 is fixedly connected to one end of a compression spring 79, and the other end of the compression spring 79 is fixedly connected to the support slide column 77; the surface of the storage cylinder 76 is rotatably connected to the rotating air inlet cylinder 710, and the surface of the rotating air inlet cylinder 710 is fixedly connected to one end of a driving rope 711, and the other end of the driving rope 711 is fixedly connected to the magnetic ring 72; the surface of the protective plate 2 is fixedly provided with a hot air blower 4, the top of the hot air blower 4 is connected to the air inlet 5, and the bottom of the hot air blower 4 is connected to the exhaust duct 6, and the exhaust duct 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating air inlet cylinder 710.

[0049] In S3, a certain amount of 95% ethanol is added to the broken pollen, refluxed in a water bath at a certain temperature for several hours, and the supernatant is collected by centrifugation to obtain a flavonoid extract. The extract is then concentrated under reduced pressure and vacuum dried to obtain a crude flavonoid extract.

[0050] Working Principle and Usage: This rapeseed bee pollen crushing and extraction process uses two methods to break the pollen wall. The ultrasonic combined with enzymatic hydrolysis method can achieve a wall breaking rate of up to 90%, but the amount of complex enzyme preparation used is large, resulting in high costs for the enzymatic hydrolysis method. The high-pressure airflow crushing process is simple and has a wall breaking rate of about 98%, but requires that the water content in the pollen be no more than 3%, which requires drying. Existing drying equipment is time-consuming, and the use of mechanical equipment to stir and dehumidify the pollen easily destroys the nutrients in the pollen. Therefore, a bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying device is proposed in this rapeseed bee pollen crushing and extraction process.

[0051] After the bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment is installed, the leather plug 73 is opened to pour the crushed pollen into the drying chamber 7. The diameter of the vent 74 is smaller than the diameter of the pollen. The drying chamber 7 is installed inside the fixed sleeve 108, and the magnetic ring 72 is magnetically adsorbed to the magnetic chuck 104.

[0052] When the servo motor 3 is started, the output end of the servo motor 3 drives the cam 101 to rotate, and the rotation of the cam 101 drives the sliding frame 102 to slide back and forth on the surface of the protective plate 2, and the sliding frame 102 drives the L-shaped connecting frame 103 and the control frame 105 to slide back and forth; the L-shaped connecting frame 103 pulls the magnetic ring 72 to slide back and forth through the magnetic suction cup 104; because the middle part of the driving rod 106 is connected to the sliding limit of the protective plate 2, when the control frame 105 slides downward, the left side of the driving rod 106 swings downward, and the right side of the driving rod 106 drives the limiting frame 107 to slide upward, and the limiting frame 107 drives the drying chamber 7 to move upward through the fixing sleeve 108; while the drying chamber 7 slides upward, the exhaust operation of the hot air blower 4 is controlled by the sensor on the surface of the hot air blower 4;

[0053] It can be seen that when the magnetic chuck 104 drives the magnetic ring 72 to slide downward, the fixing sleeve 108 drives the storage tube 76 to slide upward, causing the rubber pad 71 to be stretched to a cone shape, such as Figure 7 As shown; the pollen inside the drying chamber 7 is sucked and collected downward, and at the same time, the hot gas is discharged into the drying chamber 7 through the exhaust pipe 6 and the rotating air inlet cylinder 710, and the cold gas inside the drying chamber 7 is removed, thereby preheating the air; when the elasticity of the rubber pad 71 exceeds the limit, the magnetic ring 72 is separated from the magnetic suction cup 104, and under the elastic reset of the rubber pad 71, the pollen collected inside the rubber pad 71 is quickly dispersed into the storage cylinder 76 and exposed to the hot air blown into the rotating air inlet cylinder 710, thereby fully dehumidifying the pollen without destroying its molecular structure, effectively improving the wall breaking effect of the high-pressure air flow crushing and wall breaking method on the pollen; further, when the rubber pad 71 is elastically reset, since the elasticity of the rubber pad 71 will not be consumed instantly, the rubber pad 71 will be reset and bounced multiple times with the cooperation of the gravity of the magnetic ring 72, thereby turning the pollen inside the rubber pad 71 multiple times, thereby more quickly removing moisture from the pollen and further improving the wall breaking effect on the pollen;

[0054] Since wet pollen has high stickiness, it is easily adsorbed on the surface of the filter 78; Figure 8 As shown, during the multiple resetting and bouncing processes driven by the rubber pad 71 and driven by the magnetic ring 72, when the magnetic ring 72 bounces upward, the filter 78 is magnetically repelled by the magnetic ring 72, causing the filter 78 to slide upward on the surface of the support slide 77; when the magnetic ring 72 bounces downward, the magnetic connection between the magnetic ring 72 and the filter 78 is released, causing the filter 78 to fall downward rapidly under its own gravity and the elastic resetting of the compression spring 79, thereby shaking off the moist pollen adsorbed on the surface of the filter 78, thereby preventing the mesh of the filter 78 from being clogged by the moist pollen, and further drying the pollen more quickly and efficiently.

[0055] Multiple groups of compression springs 79 are arranged inside the support slide 77, and there is a difference in the elasticity of the compression springs 79 on the left and right sides, so that the filter 78 can not only slide downward quickly to shake off the pollen under the reset of the compression springs 79, but also can cause the filter 78 to bounce back and forth left and right inside the support slide 77 through the elastic difference of the compression springs 79 on both sides, so that the filter 78 can complete the moisture removal process more efficiently; further, when the magnetic suction cup 104 slides upward, the fixing sleeve 108 drives the drying chamber 7 to slide downward, so that the magnetic ring 72 is adsorbed with the magnetic suction cup 104 again, so that the pollen can be dried multiple times.

[0056] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: Select appropriate crude rapeseed pollen and crush it; S2: defatting, drying and breaking the pollen wall of the crushed rapeseed pollen; S3: Extracting crude flavonoids from the pollen after wall breaking.

2. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude rapeseed pollen in S1 is selected from areas with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters. Since rapeseed flowers in this area bloom later and have a longer flowering period, the rapeseed pollen has a higher content of flavonoids and is more valuable for research and utilization. The rapeseed flowers are placed in a drying equipment and dried at 65 degrees Celsius for 24 hours, and then crushed and filtered through a 60-mesh filter to obtain rapeseed pollen with uniform specifications.

3. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S2, rapeseed pollen of uniform specifications is wrapped with filter paper and placed in a Soxhlet extractor, subjected to reflux degreasing with petroleum ether until colorless, evaporated in a fume hood for 5 hours, and then dried at 50 degrees Celsius using a drying device; two wall breaking methods are used in the S2: ultrasonic combined with enzymatic wall breaking and high-pressure air flow crushing.

4. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic combined with enzymatic hydrolysis for wall breaking: taking 100 grams of rapeseed pollen as an example, it is necessary to prepare a complex enzyme solution containing 0.3% cellulase, 0.3% pectinase, and 0.3% protease, and the pH of the complex enzyme solution is adjusted to about 3.

0. 40 mL of the complex enzyme solution is placed in 100 grams of rapeseed pollen, stirred with a magnetic stirrer to dissolve it, immersed for 2 to 3 hours, placed in a 240W ultrasonic generator at a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees Celsius for 10 to 20 minutes of ultrasound, and then placed in a drying device to remove moisture to obtain broken wall pollen.

5. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-pressure airflow crushing and wall-breaking method is as follows: crushed rape pollen is placed in a high-pressure airflow crusher, so that the fine pollen particles rotate with the supersonic strong airflow and collide with the high-strength annular ceramic ring, causing the pollen to break, thereby obtaining wall-broken pollen.

6. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-pressure airflow crushing and wall-breaking process requires high humidity control for rapeseed pollen, because high humidity will make the pollen elastic and act as a buffer when impacted, thereby affecting the wall-breaking rate; therefore, a bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment is needed when crushing and extracting rapeseed bee pollen.

7. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bee pollen crushing, extraction and drying equipment comprises a control panel (1), the upper surface of the control panel (1) is fixedly connected to a protective plate (2), and a servo motor (3) is fixedly arranged inside the protective plate (2); a dehumidification component (100) for controlling the rapeseed bee pollen to be dried efficiently is arranged on one side of the servo motor (3); and a drying chamber (7) for storing the rapeseed bee pollen is arranged on one side of the dehumidification component (100).

8. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dehumidification component (100) comprises a cam (101), wherein the cam (101) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (3); the surface of the cam (101) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (102); the lower surface of the sliding frame (102) is fixedly connected to one end of an L-shaped connecting frame (103); the other end of the L-shaped connecting frame (103) is fixedly connected to a magnetic suction cup (104); the upper surface of the sliding frame (102) is fixedly connected to one end of a control frame (105); the other end of the control frame (105) is rotatably connected to one end of a driving rod (106); the other end of the driving rod (106) is slidably connected to a limiting frame (107); the driving rod (106) is slidably connected to the protective plate (2); and the surface of the limiting frame (107) is fixedly connected to a fixing sleeve (108).

9. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (108) is fixedly connected to the drying chamber (7), and the drying chamber (7) includes a rubber pad (71), a magnetic ring (72) is fixedly provided below the rubber pad (71), and a leather plug (73) is detachably connected to the surface of the magnetic ring (72); a storage cylinder (76) is fixedly connected above the rubber pad (71), a vent (74) is provided on the surface of the storage cylinder (76), and a humidity detector (75) for monitoring the humidity of rapeseed bee pollen is provided inside the storage cylinder (76); a support slide (77) is fixedly connected inside the storage cylinder (76), and a filter (78) is slidably connected to the surface of the support slide (77). The surface of the filter (78) is fixedly connected to one end of a compression spring (79), and the other end of the compression spring (79) is fixedly connected to the support slide (77); the surface of the storage cylinder (76) is rotatably connected to a rotating air inlet cylinder (710), and the surface of the rotating air inlet cylinder (710) is fixedly connected to one end of a driving rope (711), and the other end of the driving rope (711) is fixedly connected to the magnetic ring (72); the surface of the protective plate (2) is fixedly provided with a hot air blower (4), the upper part of the hot air blower (4) is connected to an air inlet (5), and the lower part of the hot air blower (4) is connected to an exhaust pipe (6), and the exhaust pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the rotating air inlet cylinder (710).

10. The rape bee pollen crushing and extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3, a certain amount of 95% ethanol is added to the broken pollen, and the mixture is refluxed in a water bath at a certain temperature for several hours. The supernatant is collected by centrifugation to obtain a flavonoid extract, and the extract is then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried in a vacuum to obtain a crude flavonoid extract.

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