Desulfurization and decarburization method for supergravity coupling impinging stream reactor

Abstract

The invention relates to a desulfurization and carbon removal method for a supergravity coupling impinging stream reactor, which is characterized in that a supergravity impinging stream device is driven by a motor to rotate, under the action of centrifugal force, an absorption liquid flows through a main pipeline and a sleeve outside the main pipeline to reach an impinging zone, and four groups of impinging streams are arranged in the impinging zone; the circle centers of the circular nozzles are distributed on the same circle, four groups of impinging streams are arranged in a surrounding manner to generate multiple impinging to form four primary impinging surfaces, every two radial jet flows collide with each other to form four secondary impinging surfaces, absorption liquid forms an atomized radial diffusion area under a non-immersion condition, and large-area atomized absorption liquid is generated. And the supergravity impinging stream device further stirs the flue gas and the atomized absorption liquid in the rotating process, so that the atomized absorption liquid in the shell is fully mixed and contacted with the gas, the gas-liquid absorption process is completed, and efficient desulfurization and carbon removal are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a desulfurization and decarbonization method, in particular to a desulfurization and decarbonization method using a high gravity coupled impinging flow reactor. Background Art

[0002] At present, flue gas desulfurization and decarbonization mainly adopt wet method, which is to contact the flue gas with alkaline liquid in the spray tower or absorption tower, so that the alkaline liquid absorbs sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas to generate carbonates, sulfites or sulfates.

[0003] Chinese patent CN202410037364.0 discloses an integrated method for flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and decarbonization based on a supergravity reactor. The system includes: a secondary thin-sheet supergravity treatment device; an ammonia water delivery pipeline; an absorption liquid detection device; a flue gas detection device; a series return air branch; a flue gas emission branch; and a flue gas emission main line. When the flue gas detection device detects that the flue gas is unqualified, the flue gas enters the upper-level series secondary thin-sheet supergravity treatment device through the series return air branch for secondary treatment. By using multiple secondary thin-sheet supergravity treatment devices for coordination and connection, the energy consumption of flue gas treatment is reduced as the flue gas treatment volume decreases, thereby solving the problem of efficient and low-energy consumption treatment of steel mill tail gas in a non-stationary state.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202510519780.9 discloses a tower-type carbon dioxide absorption device based on a rotating packing structure. By optimizing the structural design of the absorption tower, an inspection door is opened on the side of the absorption tower, and the area where the packing needs to be replaced is rotated to the inspection door, which solves the shortcomings of the traditional absorption tower's internal packing being difficult to assemble and not easy to replace. The absorption liquid is caused to flow downward by gravity, forming a countercurrent with the carbon dioxide-containing gas. The liquid distributor is then controlled to rotate by adjusting the structure to improve the spraying effect. At the same time, the centrifugal force of the liquid spray is controlled by adjusting the speed, and the angle of the spray is controlled so that the absorption liquid is more evenly distributed on the cross section of the tower, fully contacting with the rising carbon dioxide-containing gas, increasing the gas-liquid contact area and contact time, thereby improving the carbon dioxide absorption efficiency, while reducing the occurrence of wall flow phenomenon and improving the overall performance of the absorption tower.

[0005] Chinese patent CN202510405344.9 discloses a multi-layer filtration flue gas desulfurization device. The device adopts a multi-layer stacked cylinder design, with a spray mechanism and a filter mechanism installed inside the cylinder. The filter unit in the filter mechanism can be easily replaced through a replacement port, reducing the downtime of the desulfurization device. Moreover, through the coordinated arrangement of the closed control component and the connection control component, the contact time between the flue gas and the filter unit can be controlled, which can improve the flue gas filtration effect and thus improve the flue gas desulfurization effect.

[0006] As a new type of mixing method, impinging streams are widely used in the chemical industry. The main feature is that two high-speed fluids collide with each other, generating a high turbulence area in the impact zone, thereby enhancing interphase transfer and promoting micro-mixing. Liquid-liquid impinging streams under non-immersion conditions form a highly turbulent and chaotic flow state in the impact zone. The impact process efficiently converts kinetic energy into turbulent kinetic energy, forming a high energy dissipation rate, promoting droplet breakup and interface renewal, and dispersing the liquid into micron-sized droplets or liquid filaments. The specific surface area is increased by 1-2 orders of magnitude compared to traditional mixing methods. The liquid-liquid impinging stream under non-immersion conditions combines the droplet breakup and atomization characteristics to increase the contact area between the gas and the absorption liquid. In view of the application of the impact structure in the field of gas-liquid absorption, a method and device for gas-liquid absorption desulfurization and decarbonization with a supergravity coupled impinging stream structure is proposed.

[0007] The core principle of rotary hypergravity technology is to generate a centrifugal force field through a high-speed rotating rotor, leveraging the hypergravity environment to significantly enhance gas-liquid or liquid-solid mass transfer, mixing, and separation processes. Its technical characteristics include highly efficient mass transfer, shearing the fluid into micron-sized droplets or thin films; compact equipment; energy-saving and flexible; and a wide range of applications, including chemical separation, nanomaterial preparation, flue gas dust removal, and energy desulfurization. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for desulfurization and decarbonization in a high-gravity coupled impinging stream reactor. The method is based on high-gravity coupled impinging stream technology. The high-gravity technology provides the impinging stream with a higher initial impact momentum. The impinging stream technology fully atomizes the absorption liquid, increases the gas-liquid contact area, enhances gas-liquid absorption, and improves absorption efficiency. It is applied to the treatment of sulfur- and carbon-containing flue gas in the fields of energy, metallurgy, etc. and has obvious effects.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for desulfurization and carbon removal using a high-gravity coupled impinging stream reactor, wherein the method uses a high-gravity coupled impinging stream method to complete an impinging stream reaction, thereby atomizing an absorption liquid and fully mixing it with flue gas, thereby increasing the contact area between the absorption liquid and the flue gas and the gas-liquid absorption efficiency; The process includes: the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the high-gravity impinging stream device provides a high initial impact momentum to the absorbent entering the main pipe and sleeve and then flowing out of the nozzle. Under non-immersion conditions, the absorbent forms an atomized radial diffusion zone, producing a large area of atomized absorbent liquid. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation causes the radial diffusion zone to expand outward, creating a larger diffusion zone volume. The impinging stream reactor includes a high-gravity impinging stream device, a motor, and a shell. The impinging stream device is provided with a liquid inlet, a rotating shaft, and symmetrically arranged pipes. The high-gravity impinging stream device is driven to rotate by the motor. The shell and the high-gravity impinging stream device slide relative to each other by virtue of a mechanical seal connection. The rotation of the high-gravity impinging stream device generates centrifugal force, causing the absorption liquid to gather on the side of the high-gravity impinging stream device and flow toward the pipe. The pipe includes a horizontally arranged main pipe covered with a sleeve. The main pipe is connected to a cross cavity. The cross cavity is provided with four circular nozzles with the same center on the side near the rotating shaft. Four sleeve nozzles with the same center on the same circle are also provided at corresponding positions on the sleeve. The absorption liquid enters the cross cavity from the main pipe and then flows out from the nozzles and the sleeve nozzles relative to each other to form an impinging stream. The side wall of the shell is provided with an air inlet, an exhaust port at the upper end, and a liquid outlet at the lower end. The shell remains stationary.

[0010] The method for desulfurization and carbon removal using a high gravity coupled impinging stream reactor is suitable for treating sulfur- and carbon-containing flue gas.

[0011] The method for desulfurization and decarbonization in a high-gravity coupled impinging stream reactor includes the following steps: the liquid is absorbed from a liquid storage tank 7 by a liquid inlet pump 8, passes through the liquid inlet pump 8 and an electromagnetic flowmeter 10, and enters a high-gravity impinging stream device 1 through a liquid inlet 1-5 to complete the reaction.

[0012] The method for desulfurization and decarbonization in a supergravity coupled impinging stream reactor is described. The impinging stream device of the method is provided with four groups of impinging streams arranged in a circumferential manner, which cause multiple collisions to form four primary impact surfaces, and radial jets collide with each other in pairs to form four secondary impact surfaces.

[0013] The significant features and positive effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention applies high-gravity impinging stream technology to flue gas absorption in the fields of energy and metallurgy. Specifically, it couples high-gravity technology and impinging stream technology to perform gas-liquid absorption desulfurization and carbon removal, thereby enhancing gas-liquid absorption and improving absorption efficiency.

[0014] 2. This invention uses the enormous centrifugal force generated by high-gravity technology to provide the impinging stream with extremely high initial momentum. This creates a high-turbulence, high-momentum exchange zone at the impact surface, atomizing the liquid into fine droplets. The large-volume impact mist formed around the impact surface significantly increases the contact area between the absorbent and the flue gas.

[0015] 3. The present invention uses supergravity coupled impinging stream technology, which provides a higher initial momentum. Compared with traditional gravity spray absorption, the mixing speed of the absorption liquid and the flue gas is greatly improved.

[0016] 4. The present invention uses high gravity coupled impinging stream technology, which is simple in structure, safe and reliable. It eliminates the packing structure of the traditional rotating packed bed and the bulky and complicated spray absorption structure of the traditional absorption tower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the high gravity impinging stream device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view of the supergravity impact stream device of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: high-gravity impact flow device 1, housing 2, motor 3, mechanical seal 4, gas storage bottle 5, gas inlet 6, liquid storage barrel 7, liquid inlet pump 8, throttle valve 9, electromagnetic flowmeter 10, pressure gauge 11, gas collecting bottle 12, exhaust port 13, liquid discharge port 14, liquid collecting barrel 15, cross cavity 1-1, circular nozzle 1-2, sleeve 1-3, main pipeline 1-4, liquid inlet 1-5, rotating shaft 1-6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As shown in the figure, the high-gravity impinging stream device is driven by a motor and features a liquid inlet, a rotating axis, and symmetrically arranged pipes. The pipes consist of a horizontally arranged main pipe and a sleeve covering the main pipe. The main pipe connects to a cross cavity, which has four circular nozzles centered on the same circle near the rotating axis. Four circular sleeve nozzles centered on the same circle are also located at corresponding positions on the sleeve. The shell has an air inlet on its sidewall, an exhaust port at its top, and a liquid outlet at its bottom.

[0021] The supergravity impinging stream device is driven by a motor to rotate, using the centrifugal force generated by the rotation to provide the impinging stream with a high initial momentum. The absorption liquid flows through the main pipe and the outer sleeve of the main pipe to reach the impact zone. In the impact zone, there are four groups of impinging streams, whose circular nozzles are centered on the same circle. The four groups of impinging streams are arranged in a circle, causing multiple collisions, forming four primary impact surfaces. The radial jets collide with each other in pairs to form four secondary impact surfaces. Under non-immersion conditions, the absorption liquid forms an atomized radial diffusion zone, producing a large area of atomized absorption liquid. At the same time, due to the action of centrifugal force, the radial diffusion zone expands outward, creating a larger diffusion zone volume, significantly increasing the contact area between the gas and the absorption liquid. In addition, the supergravity impinging stream device stirs the absorption liquid and the flue gas during rotation, further fully mixing them and enhancing gas-liquid absorption.

[0022] The workflow of the present invention is as follows: First, the liquid inlet pump 8 is turned on, and the absorption liquid enters the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 from the liquid storage tank 7 through the liquid inlet pump 8 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 10 through the liquid inlet 1-5. After the liquid level in the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 rises to a certain level, the motor 3 is started, and the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 is rotated by the motor 3. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation provides a high initial impact momentum for the impinging stream. The absorption liquid gathers from the internal cavity of the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 toward the surrounding walls, entering the main pipe 1-4 and the sleeve 1-3. The absorption liquid in the main pipe 1-4 flows out through the cross cavity 1-1 and the circular nozzle 1-2. The absorption liquid in the sleeve 1-3 also flows out through the corresponding circular sleeve nozzle 1-2, forming two opposing fluids forming an impinging stream. Subsequently, the valve 9 is opened, and the gas enters the shell 2 from the gas cylinder 5 through the barometer 11 through the gas inlet 6 to begin the reaction. In the impact zone, four groups of impact streams are arranged in a circle, causing multiple impacts to occur. The impact forms four primary impact surfaces, and the radial jets collide with each other in pairs to form four secondary impact surfaces. Under non-immersion conditions, the absorption liquid forms an atomized radial diffusion zone, producing a large area of atomized absorption liquid. At the same time, due to the action of centrifugal force, a larger diffusion zone volume is generated during the outward expansion of the radial diffusion zone, significantly increasing the contact area between the gas and the absorption liquid. In addition, the supergravity impact flow device 1 further stirs the gas and the atomized absorption liquid during the rotation process, so that the absorption liquid and the gas are further fully mixed, thereby enhancing gas-liquid absorption. After the gas absorption is completed, the absorption liquid inside the device can be discharged from the drain port 14 at the bottom of the shell 2 into the liquid collecting barrel 15. The purified gas is discharged from the exhaust port 13 at the upper end of the shell and enters the gas collecting bottle 12. Finally, sampling and testing are carried out in the gas collecting bottle 12. If the gas quality meets the emission standards, it will be discharged. Example 1

[0023] In this embodiment, NaOH aqueous solution is used to treat SO2 with a concentration of 6000 mg / m 3Flue gas with a volume concentration of 13% CO2 is desulfurized and decarbonized. After the device is assembled, power is turned on. The NaOH aqueous solution in the liquid storage tank 7 is adjusted by the electromagnetic flowmeter 10 via the liquid inlet pump 8 and then enters the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 through the liquid inlet 1-5. After the liquid level of the NaOH aqueous solution in the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 rises to a certain level, the motor 3 is started to rotate the high-gravity impinging stream device 1. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation provides a high initial momentum for the impinging stream. The NaOH aqueous solution converges from the internal cavity of the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 to the surrounding walls, entering the main pipe 1-4 and the sleeve 1-3. The NaOH aqueous solution in the main pipe 1-4 flows out of the nozzle 1-2 through the cross cavity 1-1, and the NaOH aqueous solution in the sleeve 1-3 also flows out of the corresponding sleeve nozzle 1-2, forming two opposing fluids. The valve is then opened, and the gas containing CO2 and SO2 passes through the barometer 11 and enters the housing 2 through the air inlet. The impact zone is equipped with four impinging streams, each with its circular nozzles 1-2 centered on the same circle. This circular arrangement of the four impinging streams creates multiple collisions, forming four primary impact surfaces. The radial jets collide with each other in pairs, forming four secondary impact surfaces. Under non-immersion conditions, the NaOH aqueous solution forms an atomized radial diffusion zone, producing a large area of atomized absorption liquid. Simultaneously, due to centrifugal force, the radial diffusion zone expands outward, creating a larger diffusion zone volume, significantly increasing the contact area between the CO2- and SO2-containing gas and the atomized NaOH aqueous solution. Furthermore, the high-gravity impinging stream device 1 further agitates the CO2- and SO2-containing gas and the atomized NaOH aqueous solution during rotation, further mixing the NaOH aqueous solution with the CO2- and SO2-containing gas and enhancing gas-liquid absorption. After gas absorption is complete, the NaOH aqueous solution within the device can be discharged from a drain port 14 at the bottom of the housing 2 into a liquid collection barrel 15. The purified gas is discharged through an exhaust port 13 at the upper end of the housing and enters a gas collection bottle 12. The absorbed gas was continuously collected for testing, and the results showed that the SO2 concentration in the flue gas was 24 mg / m 3 The absorption efficiency reaches 99.6%, the volume concentration of CO2 is 1.1%, and the absorption rate reaches 91.5%, which meets the gas emission standards.

[0024] Comparative Example 1 Using NaOH aqueous solution, the SO2 concentration is 6000mg / m 3 The flue gas is desulfurized. The results of the test on the pollutant concentration in the flue gas outlet show that the SO2 concentration in the flue gas is 216mg / m 3 , the absorption efficiency reaches 96.4%.

[0025] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for desulfurization and carbon removal using a high gravity coupled impinging stream reactor, characterized in that: The method completes the impinging flow reaction by means of supergravity coupling impinging flow, so that the absorption liquid is atomized and fully mixed with the flue gas, thereby increasing the contact area between the absorption liquid and the flue gas and the gas-liquid absorption efficiency; The process includes: the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the high-gravity impinging stream device provides a high initial impact momentum to the absorbent entering the main pipe and sleeve and then flowing out of the nozzle. Under non-immersion conditions, the absorbent forms an atomized radial diffusion zone, producing a large area of atomized absorbent liquid. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation causes the radial diffusion zone to expand outward, creating a larger diffusion zone volume. The impinging stream reactor includes a high-gravity impinging stream device, a motor, and a shell. The impinging stream device is provided with a liquid inlet, a rotating shaft, and symmetrically arranged pipes. The high-gravity impinging stream device is driven to rotate by the motor. The shell and the high-gravity impinging stream device slide relative to each other by virtue of a mechanical seal connection. The rotation of the high-gravity impinging stream device generates centrifugal force, causing the absorption liquid to gather on the side of the high-gravity impinging stream device and flow toward the pipe. The pipe includes a horizontally arranged main pipe covered with a sleeve. The main pipe is connected to a cross cavity. The cross cavity is provided with four circular nozzles with the same center on the side near the rotating shaft. Four sleeve nozzles with the same center on the same circle are also provided at corresponding positions on the sleeve. The absorption liquid enters the cross cavity from the main pipe and then flows out from the nozzles and the sleeve nozzles relative to each other to form an impinging stream. The side wall of the shell is provided with an air inlet, an exhaust port at the upper end, and a liquid outlet at the lower end. The shell remains stationary.

2. The method for desulfurization and decarbonization using a high gravity coupled impinging stream reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method is suitable for treating sulfur- and carbon-containing flue gas.

3. The method for desulfurization and decarbonization using a high gravity coupled impinging stream reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method process includes: the liquid is absorbed from the liquid storage tank 7 by the liquid inlet pump 8, passes through the liquid inlet pump 8 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 10, and enters the high-gravity impact flow device 1 through the liquid inlet 1-5 to complete the reaction.

4. The method for desulfurization and decarbonization using a high gravity coupled impinging stream reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impinging stream device of the method is provided with four groups of impinging streams arranged in a circumferential manner, which cause multiple collisions to form four primary collision surfaces, and radial jets collide with each other in pairs to form four secondary collision surfaces.

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