Solid waste environment-friendly treatment integrated equipment and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly discloses solid waste environment-friendly treatment integrated equipment and a using method thereof.The solid waste environment-friendly treatment integrated equipment comprises an equipment shell, a feeding conveying belt is arranged at an inlet of the equipment shell, a bouncing screen is located at the tail end of the feeding conveying belt, discharging openings in the two ends are connected with a first conveying belt and a third conveying belt respectively, and a second conveying belt is connected below a middle screen. The primary rolling crusher is connected with a first conveying belt, the secondary blade crusher is connected with the primary rolling crusher, the magnetic separation conveyor is connected with the secondary blade crusher, a magnetic conveying belt is arranged at the top of the magnetic separation conveyor, and a non-magnetic conveying belt is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic separation conveyor. The third conveying belt is connected with the first blade pulverizer, and the second conveying belt, the magnetic separation conveyor and the first blade pulverizer are all connected to the material collecting box. According to the equipment, multi-stage screening of the bouncing screen is adopted, rolling crushing and blade crushing are combined, and magnetic separation and wet treatment are matched, so that the problems of incomplete crushing, low classification precision and dust pollution are solved, the resource utilization rate is increased, the treatment cost is reduced, and the working environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular to an integrated solid waste environmental treatment device and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the efficient treatment of solid waste has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. In the existing technology, solid waste treatment equipment usually has the following technical problems that need to be solved: On the one hand, insufficient crushing effect is a common pain point of current equipment. For example, the patent with publication number CN109569819A proposes a solid waste treatment equipment. Although it introduces a circulating feeding device to achieve secondary crushing, its blade design has limited crushing ability for high-hardness or toughness waste (such as steel bar bundles and concrete blocks), making it difficult to completely crush them. More seriously, the equipment does not effectively solve the dust problem during the crushing process, resulting in a large amount of dust escaping, incomplete treatment effect and poor environmental protection, which seriously restricts the efficiency and quality of solid waste treatment. On the other hand, most existing equipment only focuses on a single function. For example, some treatment equipment separates crushing and compression, resulting in the fragmentation of the entire solid waste treatment process and the need for multiple transfers, which is not only inefficient but also significantly increases the treatment cost. On the other hand, the existing technology usually adopts treatment methods such as crushing, compression, fermentation, and drying, and lacks the classification, recovery and resource utilization of solid waste. For example, the equipment disclosed in patent CN109569819A only filters pulverized solid waste through a screen, failing to more precisely classify different components. Furthermore, existing equipment is ineffective when processing lightweight and ultralight materials, easily causing material scattering and secondary contamination. The lack of effective dust removal measures creates a harsh working environment. Furthermore, existing equipment lacks the flexibility to adjust to material characteristics during processing, which can easily lead to problems such as equipment clogging and over-pulverization.

[0003] In response to the above problems, there is an urgent need for an integrated solid waste environmental protection treatment equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated solid waste environmental treatment device and a method of using the same, which has the advantages of improving the accuracy of solid waste classification, enhancing crushing efficiency, realizing resource recovery and effectively controlling dust pollution.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides an integrated equipment for environmentally friendly treatment of solid waste, and the technical solution is as follows: an integrated equipment for environmentally friendly treatment of solid waste, comprising an equipment housing, a feed conveyor belt provided at the inlet end of the equipment housing, a bouncing screen, a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a third conveyor belt, a first roller crusher, a second blade crusher, a magnetic separation conveyor, a first blade crusher and an aggregate box provided in the equipment housing. Specifically, the bouncing screen is provided at the end of the feed conveyor belt, and the discharge ports at both ends thereof are respectively connected to the first conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, a screen is provided in the middle of the bouncing screen, and a second conveyor belt is provided at the bottom of the screen; the first roller crusher is connected to the first conveyor belt; the second blade crusher is connected to the first roller crusher; the magnetic separation conveyor is connected to the second blade crusher, and a magnetic transmission belt is provided on the top of the magnetic separation conveyor and a non-magnetic transmission belt is provided on the bottom; the third conveyor belt is connected to the first blade crusher; the second conveyor belt, the magnetic separation conveyor and the first blade crusher are all connected to the aggregate box.

[0006] Furthermore, the bouncing screen includes multiple bouncing plates arranged in parallel and at an angle to the bottom of the device housing. A third conveyor belt is located at the end of the bouncing plates away from the bottom of the device housing. This solution uses the inclined bouncing plates to create a gradient screening process, naturally separating heavy objects, lightweight materials, and small particles along their trajectory. This solves the problem of low subsequent processing efficiency caused by material mixing in the prior art.

[0007] Furthermore, a suction fan is provided at one end of the springboard away from the bottom of the device housing. The suction fan is connected to a wet pulverizer, the outlet of which is connected to a second blade pulverizer, and the discharge end of the second blade pulverizer is connected to a collection bin. Through the above technical solution, the present application achieves dust-free and efficient processing of ultralight materials, solving the problem of low-density materials such as foam and plastic being easily dispersed and difficult to crush in the prior art. At the same time, the wet processing process reduces the dust concentration inside the equipment, ensuring the cleanliness of the operating environment.

[0008] Furthermore, the screen can be detachably mounted on the bouncing screen to facilitate replacement of screens with different apertures. When different types of solid waste need to be processed, the operator can select a screen with a corresponding aperture according to the material characteristics.

[0009] Furthermore, the primary roller crusher comprises multiple crushing rollers rotating within the crusher housing. Each roller has teeth that interlock with each other, and adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions. This solution utilizes the bidirectionally rotating, intermeshing teeth to create a multi-dimensional shear force field, effectively breaking down easily entangled materials such as steel tendons and plastic film, while also reducing energy loss during the crushing process.

[0010] Furthermore, each crushing roller is elastically connected to the crusher housing, making the gap between adjacent crushing rollers elastically variable. This solution, through its elastic connection and variable gap design, can proactively adapt to changes in material properties, reducing equipment failure rates while also avoiding fluctuations in crushing efficiency caused by fixed gaps.

[0011] Furthermore, an atomizing spray device is installed on the second conveyor belt. This device can form a moist layer on the surface of the material, which not only suppresses dust but also avoids the material agglomeration caused by traditional spraying, ensuring the normal operation of subsequent magnetic separation and resource processing processes.

[0012] Furthermore, the aggregate box is divided into a plurality of independent chambers, which form a plurality of storage spaces that are not connected to each other and can be realized by welded partitions or detachable partition components, for respectively accommodating different types of processed products.

[0013] Furthermore, the device housing is a sealed structure, with a dust removal mechanism located on top. This mechanism includes a negative pressure blower and a bag filter. The synergistic effect of the sealed structure and negative pressure system ensures a controlled dust flow. Compared to traditional water curtain dust removal methods, the bag filter consumes no water and avoids wastewater generation. The filtered, dry dust is then easier to recycle.

[0014] On the other hand, the present application also proposes a method for using the above-mentioned integrated solid waste environmental protection treatment equipment, including the following steps: transporting solid waste to a bouncing screen through a feed conveyor belt; screening the solid waste into heavy objects, small particles, light materials and ultra-light materials through the bouncing screen; the heavy objects enter the first-level roller crusher through the first conveyor belt for crushing, and then are crushed by the second-level blade crusher, and then the metal and non-metal are separated by the magnetic separation conveyor; the small particles are directly transported to the aggregate box through the second conveyor belt; the light materials enter the first blade crusher through the third conveyor belt for crushing and then fall into the second conveyor belt; the ultra-light materials enter the wet crusher through the suction fan to be wetted and preliminarily crushed, and then are finely crushed by the second blade crusher and transported to the aggregate box; the solid waste after classification and collection is collected through the aggregate box; during operation, dust pollution is controlled by the dust removal mechanism.

[0015] From the above, it can be seen that the integrated equipment for solid waste environmental protection treatment and its use method provided by this application realize multi-stage screening through a bouncing screen, combine the synergistic effect of roller crushing and blade crushing, and cooperate with magnetic separation and wet treatment technology, which effectively solves the problems of incomplete crushing, low classification accuracy and serious dust pollution in the existing technology, and has significant advantages of improving resource utilization, reducing processing costs and improving the working environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated equipment for environmentally friendly treatment of solid waste according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A top view of the bouncing screen and conveyor belts in the integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure: 1. Feed conveyor belt; 2. Bouncing screen; 3. First conveyor belt; 4. Second conveyor belt; 5. Third conveyor belt; 6. First-stage roller crusher; 7. Second-stage blade crusher; 8. Magnetic separation conveyor; 9. First blade crusher; 10. Aggregate box; 11. Suction fan; 12. Wet crusher; 13. Second blade crusher; 14. Equipment housing; 15. Dust removal mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Existing solid waste treatment equipment generally suffers from inadequate crushing, weak sorting and recycling capabilities, and fragmented processing processes. For example, traditional equipment employs a single crushing method that struggles to process waste of varying hardness, resulting in the inability to effectively separate materials like metal and concrete. The sorting process relies on manual intervention, resulting in low processing efficiency. The separate crushing and sorting stages result in a large equipment footprint and the need for multiple material transfers. Furthermore, existing equipment lacks dust control measures, generating dust pollution during operation and impacting the operating environment.

[0022] To address the above issues, it is necessary to build an integrated processing solution that addresses the problem of poor material adaptability through multi-stage crushing and sorting process optimization. Taking into account the differences in the physical properties of different materials, a bouncing screen 2 is designed for preliminary screening to separate heavy and light materials for processing. For high-hardness materials, a combined roller and blade crushing method is adopted to reduce the material size in stages. To address the issue of sorting efficiency, a magnetic separation device is introduced to automatically separate metals from non-metals. At the same time, the various processing units are connected by a conveyor belt system to form a continuous operation process and reduce intermediate transfer links. To achieve dust control, sealing structures and dust removal devices are installed at key nodes.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated solid waste environmental treatment device, including a device housing 14, the device housing 14 has an inlet end and a discharge end, a feed conveyor belt 1 enters the interior of the device housing 14 from the inlet end, and an aggregate box 10 is provided at the discharge end. A bouncing screen 2, a first conveyor belt 3, a second conveyor belt 4, a third conveyor belt 5, a primary roller crusher 6, a secondary blade crusher 7, a magnetic separation conveyor 8, a first blade crusher 9 and an aggregate box 10 are provided inside the device housing 14. Specifically, the bouncing screen 2 is provided at the end of the feed conveyor belt 1, and the bouncing screen 2 is tilted and includes upper and lower discharge ports. The upper discharge port is connected to the third conveyor belt 5, and the lower discharge port is connected to the first conveyor belt 3. A screen is provided in the middle of the bouncing screen 2, and a second conveyor belt 4 is provided at the bottom of the screen. The bouncing screen 2 is used to divert heavy objects, light materials and small particles. A primary roller crusher 6 is connected to the first conveyor belt 3 and is used to process heavy materials such as concrete and metal. A secondary blade crusher 7 is connected to the primary roller crusher 6, and a magnetic separation conveyor 8 is connected to the secondary blade crusher 7. The magnetic separation conveyor 8 has a magnetic transmission belt on the top and a non-magnetic transmission belt on the bottom. After the primary roller crusher 6 processes the heavy materials, the secondary blade crusher 7 further refines the materials. The magnetic separation conveyor 8 separates metal from non-metal using the magnetic transmission belt on the top and the non-magnetic transmission belt on the bottom. A third conveyor belt 5 is connected to the first blade crusher 9, which transports lightweight materials to the first blade crusher 9 for processing. Each processing unit is ultimately connected to a collection bin 10.

[0025] The equipment housing 14 can be welded with steel plates to form a sealed cavity, and the feed conveyor belt 1 provided at the inlet end is used to continuously transport solid waste.

[0026] The bouncing screen 2 is a vibrating sorting device with inclined bouncing plates. It includes multiple bouncing plates arranged in parallel and at an angle to the bottom surface of the device housing 14. Each bouncing plate can be driven by an eccentric wheel driven by a motor to generate vibration. The inclination angle of the bouncing plate is adjustable to adapt to different material characteristics. Vibration causes heavy objects to move to the lower end and light materials to move to the upper end. A porous screen is installed in the middle of the bouncing screen 2. It can be made of punched steel plate or woven mesh. Specifically, the screen is detachable and mounted on the bouncing screen 2 to facilitate replacement of screens with different apertures. The aperture size can be changed according to processing requirements to separate small particles.

[0027] The first-stage roller crusher 6 is a device that crushes materials by squeezing them through rotating rollers. It includes multiple crushing rollers rotating in the crusher housing. The roller surfaces of the crushing rollers can be provided with staggered roller teeth, which form a shear and extrusion composite force when rotating towards each other.

[0028] The magnetic separation conveyor 8 is a conveying device with a built-in permanent magnet or electromagnet. The surface of the magnetic transmission belt generates a magnetic field to absorb metal materials, and the non-magnetic transmission belt conveys the remaining materials to achieve automatic sorting.

[0029] The aggregate box 10 is a collection container having a plurality of independent chambers, and different chambers can store different separated materials such as metals, non-metals and lightweight materials.

[0030] Specifically, after the solid waste enters the bouncing screen 2 through the feed conveyor belt 1, it is screened in layers under the action of vibration. The heavy objects slide along the inclined bouncing board into the first conveyor belt 3 and enter the first-level roller crusher 6 for preliminary crushing. After crushing, the materials enter the second-level blade crusher 7 for refinement, and then the metal and non-metal materials are separated by the magnetic separation conveyor 8. The small particles intercepted by the screen in the middle of the bouncing screen 2 fall directly into the second conveyor belt 4 and are transported to the aggregate box 10. The light materials enter the first blade crusher 9 through the third conveyor belt 5 and are crushed and then merged into the second conveyor belt 4. The metal and non-metal materials separated by the magnetic separation conveyor 8 are respectively transported to the corresponding chambers of the aggregate box 10. During the operation of the equipment, the sealed shell and the dust removal mechanism 15 cooperate to suppress the spread of dust.

[0031] This solution combines a bouncing screen 2 pre-sorting method with a multi-stage crushing unit to specifically process materials of different hardness. Compared with existing sorting equipment that relies on manual sorting, this solution uses a magnetic separation conveyor 8 to achieve automatic metal separation. At the same time, this solution adopts an integrated design to reduce the number of material transfers, reduce the equipment footprint, and achieve continuous solid waste processing. By combining multi-stage sorting and crushing units, material processing efficiency is improved. The magnetic separation device automatically separates metal components, increasing resource recovery rate. The sealing structure can cooperate with the dust removal mechanism 15 to significantly improve the working environment and reduce energy consumption.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the springboard is a long strip along the direction of material travel, with multiple steps provided on it. The multiple springboards are arranged at equal intervals in a direction perpendicular to the direction of material travel to ensure that the material forms a stable flow channel during the screening process. The angle between the springboard and the bottom surface (or horizontal plane) of the equipment housing 14 refers to the angle formed between the plane of the springboard and the horizontal plane. Specifically, it can be achieved by using a hinge connection with an angle adjustment mechanism. For example, the inclination angle can be controlled within the range of 15-30 degrees, and the screening efficiency is improved by increasing the contact time between the material and the springboard. The third conveyor belt 5 is provided at the high end of the springboard, which means that the inlet end of the conveyor belt is connected to the end of the springboard, and is used to receive the lightweight materials above the springboard that have not passed through the sieve holes.

[0033] In practice, after solid waste enters the bouncing screen 2 via the feed conveyor 1, multiple parallel, inclined bouncing plates form a stepped screening structure. Heavy objects slide downward along the bouncing plates due to inertia, eventually passing through the first conveyor 3 for subsequent crushing. Small particles pass through the screen holes and fall onto the second conveyor 4. Lighter materials, driven by the vibration of the bouncing screen 2, move upward along the bouncing plates, ultimately falling from the upper end onto the third conveyor 5. The bouncing plate's tilt angle can be adjusted according to the material's characteristics. For example, for mixed solid waste containing plastic film, the tilt angle can be increased to accelerate the separation of lighter materials.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, a suction fan 11 is further provided at the end of the bouncing board away from the bottom surface of the device housing 14. The suction fan 11 is connected to a wet crusher 12. The outlet end of the wet crusher 12 is connected to a second blade crusher 13. The discharge end of the second blade crusher 13 is connected to the aggregate box 10. The suction fan 11 is used to suck ultra-light materials generated during the screening process, such as plastic film. The suction fan 11 can be specifically implemented by a centrifugal fan, with its air inlet aligned with the end of the bouncing board and its air outlet connected to the wet crusher 12 through a pipe. The device can effectively collect low-density materials such as foam and plastic sorted by the bouncing screen 2 to prevent them from drifting. The wet crusher 12 refers to a device that wets and crushes materials by spraying liquid, and can be specifically implemented by a cavity structure with rotating blades and built-in spray pipes. The device suppresses dust generated during the crushing process by wetting the material, while reducing the toughness of the material for subsequent crushing. The second blade crusher 13 is a device for secondary crushing of the wetted ultralight material, which can be realized by using a high-speed rotating multi-layer blade structure. This device can further crush the wetted material into uniform particles for subsequent resource utilization.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the screen can be detachably mounted on the bouncing screen 2 so that screens of different apertures can be replaced. Specifically, this can be achieved by snap-on connection, bolt fixing or slide rail embedding, so that the screen can be quickly disassembled or installed. Among them, screens of different apertures refer to screen structures with different mesh sizes, which can be specifically achieved by using punched bouncing boards, woven screens or grid bouncing boards, such as screens with apertures of 5 mm, 10 mm or 15 mm, to meet the screening needs of materials of different sizes. For example, when processing construction waste, a screen with a larger aperture can be installed to separate concrete blocks; when processing domestic waste, a screen with a smaller aperture can be replaced to screen out lightweight objects such as plastic film. During the screen replacement process, the original screen can be removed by releasing the fixing device, and then the new screen can be aligned with the installation position and fixed. This achieves flexible adjustment of the screening accuracy and simplifies the screen maintenance process.

[0036] Based on the above-mentioned bouncing screen 2, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, traditional equipment mostly adopts a single-layer screen arranged horizontally, which can only achieve a simple separation of coarse particles and fine particles, and cannot effectively distinguish materials of different densities. This solution forms a gradient screening through multiple layers of inclined bouncing boards, so that heavy objects, light materials, and small particles are naturally separated on the motion trajectory, realizing the multi-level classification of solid waste in the bouncing screen 2 process. Light materials are independently transported to a dedicated crusher for processing through the third conveyor belt 5, avoiding the problem of blade entanglement caused by mixing with heavy objects. The design of the bouncing board with adjustable inclination angle adapts to the processing needs of solid waste with different components. For example, when processing garbage containing construction waste, the inclination angle can be reduced to extend the residence time of heavy objects on the bouncing board to ensure sufficient screening.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, the crushing rollers are cylindrical components that apply extrusion pressure to the material through rotation. Specifically, this can be achieved using alloy steel rollers with raised surfaces. The meshing action of the roller teeth enhances the shear force on the material. Staggered tooth engagement refers to the staggered engagement of the tooth structures of adjacent crushing rollers during rotation. This can be achieved by designing tooth rows with different phase angles, resulting in a multi-directional tearing effect on the material between the rollers. The opposing rotation of adjacent crushing rollers refers to the opposite rotation of the rollers. This can be controlled by a gear transmission mechanism or independent drive motors, resulting in bidirectional pulling and crushing of the material in the roller gap.

[0038] Specifically, when the crushing roller group is in operation, the teeth of the rollers rotating in opposite directions intertwine and mesh to form a dynamic shear zone. When solid waste enters the roller gap, the bite of the roller teeth first cuts the large pieces of material into fragments, and then the fragments are further crushed under the continuous squeezing of the roller teeth. The staggered layout of the roller teeth prevents the material from slipping and escaping during the crushing process. At the same time, the rollers rotating in opposite directions generate an inward traction force, which prolongs the residence time of the material in the roller gap and improves the crushing efficiency. Traditional crushers mostly use unidirectional rotating smooth rollers or single toothed rollers, which can only achieve unidirectional extrusion crushing and are difficult to process highly tough materials.

[0039] Through the above technical solution, the present application can improve the adaptability to the crushing of mixed solid waste, especially for high-hardness materials containing metal and construction waste, which can avoid roller tooth jamming or material blockage and achieve continuous and stable crushing operations.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, each crushing roller is elastically connected to the crusher housing so that the gap between two adjacent crushing rollers is elastically variable. Specifically, this can be achieved by using springs, hydraulic buffers or rubber shock absorbers. The elastic element allows the crushing rollers to displace when subjected to external force and return to their original position after the external force disappears. Among them, the elastic variable gap means that the spacing between adjacent crushing rollers can be automatically adjusted according to the material characteristics or load changes. Specifically, the relative position of the crushing rollers can be changed by compressing or stretching the elastic element, thereby dynamically adjusting the spatial size of the crushing area. When the material enters the first-stage roller crusher 6, the crushing rollers apply pressure to the material to crush it. If the material is hard or large in volume, the reaction force on the crushing roller increases. At this time, the elastic element is compressed, and the gap between adjacent crushing rollers is temporarily enlarged to avoid overload jamming; when the material is crushed, the elastic element returns to its original state, and the gap automatically shrinks to maintain the consistency of the crushed particle size. In this process, the elastic connection not only absorbs impact energy, but also adapts to the crushing needs of different materials through dynamic adjustment of the gap.

[0041] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problems of poor material adaptability and easy jamming caused by fixed gaps in existing crushers, realizes continuous and efficient crushing of materials of different hardness and size, and at the same time extends the service life of key components of the equipment.

[0042] A further optimization scheme incorporates an atomizing spray device on the second conveyor belt 4. This can be achieved by connecting a high-pressure water pump to a circular water distribution pipe, with multiple atomizing nozzles spaced along the length of the conveyor belt. This device creates a water mist barrier during material transport, effectively absorbing airborne dust particles. The second conveyor belt 4 refers to the conveying device located at the bottom of the bouncing screen 2, specifically a belt conveyor structure, to receive small particles after screening. The spray device is positioned above the conveyor belt to ensure that the material surface is sprayed thoroughly. The atomizing nozzles generate a water mist with a particle size of 50-100 microns. This mist forms a continuous layer above the conveyor belt, increasing the wettability of the material surface and reducing dust generated by collision and friction during transport. Furthermore, the spray volume is controlled by a flow control valve to prevent overwetting of the material, which can affect subsequent processing steps. Compared to existing technologies that rely solely on passive dust control within a closed housing, this device proactively intervenes in the dust generation process, reducing the workload of subsequent dust removal systems by over 60%.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the aggregate box 10 of the present application is divided into a plurality of independent chambers. Specifically, the aggregate box 10 can be made of metal or high-strength plastic material, and a partition structure is provided inside to realize classified storage. During the operation of the equipment, the metal material separated by the magnetic separation conveyor 8 enters the first independent chamber through the non-magnetic transmission belt, and the non-metallic material enters the second independent chamber through the magnetic transmission belt; the small particle objects transported by the second conveyor belt 4 fall directly into the third independent chamber; the lightweight material crushed by the first blade crusher 9 enters the fourth independent chamber through the second conveyor belt 4. An independent discharge port can be provided at the bottom of each independent chamber to facilitate the classification and discharge of different materials. Automatic classified storage is achieved through the sub-compartment design, which reduces material mixing, reduces the cost of secondary sorting, and avoids efficiency loss and dust exposure risks caused by manual sorting.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, the device housing 14 is a sealed structure, with a dust removal mechanism 15 disposed on top of the device housing 14. The dust removal mechanism 15 comprises a negative pressure blower and a bag dust collector. The negative pressure blower refers to ventilation equipment capable of generating a negative pressure environment, specifically a centrifugal fan, whose air inlet is connected to the interior of the device housing 14. A power component drives the impeller to rotate, creating a negative pressure region. The bag dust collector refers to a filtration device composed of fiber filter bags, specifically polyester needle-punched felt, with a dust layer formed on the surface of the filter bag to enhance the filtration effect.

[0045] Specifically, the equipment housing 14 utilizes a fully enclosed structure, with sealed curtains or airlocks installed at all material inlets and outlets. A negative pressure exhaust fan is mounted on top of the housing and connected to the interior of the housing via ducting. When the equipment is operating, the negative pressure exhaust fan continuously operates, creating a slight negative pressure inside the housing, drawing dust-laden air into the dust removal duct. The dust-laden air then enters the bag filter, where large dust particles fall by gravity into the hopper, while fine dust is trapped by the filter bags. Clean air is discharged through the gaps between the filter bag fibers, completing the gas purification process.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, the bag filter's dust cleaning system can utilize a pulse jet method. For example, a compressed air tank connected to a solenoid pulse valve can be used to periodically clean the filter bags with reverse airflow. A rotary discharge valve can be installed at the bottom of the ash hopper to achieve continuous dust discharge without disrupting the negative pressure environment. The sealed observation window utilizes double-layer tempered glass with an embedded rubber seal, allowing operators to easily observe the equipment's operating status.

[0047] The present application further proposes a method for using an integrated solid waste environmental protection treatment device, including the following steps: transporting solid waste to a bouncing screen 2 through a feed conveyor belt 1; screening the solid waste into heavy objects, small particles, light materials and ultra-light materials through the bouncing screen 2; the heavy objects enter the first-level roller crusher 6 for crushing through the first conveyor belt 3, and then are crushed through the second-level blade crusher 7, and then the metal and non-metal are separated through the magnetic separation conveyor 8; the small particles are directly transported to the aggregate box 10 through the second conveyor belt 4; the light materials enter the first blade crusher 9 through the third conveyor belt 5 and are crushed and then fall into the second conveyor belt 4; the ultra-light materials enter the wet crusher 12 through the suction fan 11 to be wetted and preliminarily crushed, and then are finely crushed by the second blade crusher 13 and transported to the aggregate box 10; the solid waste after classification and collection is collected through the aggregate box 10; during operation, dust pollution is controlled by the dust removal mechanism 15.

[0048] Among them, the classification of the bouncing screen 2 refers to the separation of solid waste by weight and volume through vibration screening. Specifically, it can be achieved by combining an inclined bouncing board with a vibration motor. The angle of the bouncing board can be adjusted to adapt to different material properties. The magnetic separation conveyor 8 separates metals and non-metals, which refers to the use of magnetic force to adsorb metal substances. Specifically, it can be achieved by combining a permanent magnetic roller and a diversion baffle. The non-metallic substances fall naturally due to gravity. The suction fan 11 processes ultra-light materials and collects dust-like substances through negative pressure airflow. Specifically, it can be achieved by connecting a centrifugal fan to a closed pipe to avoid dust diffusion. The dust removal mechanism 15 controls dust pollution by filtering particulate matter through air circulation. Specifically, it can be achieved by using negative pressure suction in combination with a bag filter device to maintain a micro-negative pressure environment inside the equipment.

[0049] Specifically, solid waste is diverted in four directions by the bouncing screen 2, resulting in differentiated processing paths: heavy materials undergo two-stage crushing to form uniform particles, followed by magnetic separation for metal recovery; small particles are conveyed through a closed system to prevent secondary contamination; lightweight materials are crushed and combined with the undersize material for collection; and ultralight materials undergo wet processing to suppress dust. Dust generated by each process is suctioned into a bag filter via negative pressure, and the clean air is recycled for discharge. The aggregate bin 10 features separate compartments for temporary storage of metal, non-metal, and organic components, facilitating subsequent resource recovery.

[0050] Compared with existing technologies, most existing equipment uses single-stage crushing combined with simple screening, failing to achieve the coordinated operation of ultralight material wet processing and metal recovery. This method combines a two-stage diversion process with a spring screen to separate and recover metal components during the crushing stage. Simultaneously, it uses a dual approach of negative pressure dust removal and wet dust suppression to address the severe dust overflow problem of traditional equipment. Compared to the circular crushing solution disclosed in patent CN109569819A, this method shortens the process flow by using a material classification processing path, avoiding the increased energy consumption caused by repeated crushing.

[0051] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application achieves the effective recovery of metal components during solid waste treatment, resolving the problem of mixed materials and difficulty in sorting after pulverization in existing equipment. The combination of the wet pulverization process and the negative pressure dust removal mechanism 15 effectively controls dust pollution during the processing of ultralight materials. The classified collection system enables the separation and temporary storage of materials of different properties, providing the foundation for subsequent resource utilization. The overall processing process reduces energy consumption by approximately 30% compared to traditional equipment.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0053] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated equipment for solid waste environmental treatment, characterized in that: include: The equipment housing (14) has a feed conveyor belt (1) at its inlet end; A spring screen (2) is arranged at the end of the feed conveyor belt (1), and the discharge ports at both ends thereof are respectively connected to the first conveyor belt (3) and the third conveyor belt (5). A screen is provided in the middle of the spring screen (2), and a second conveyor belt (4) is provided at the bottom of the screen. a primary roller crusher (6), connected to the first conveyor belt (3); A secondary blade crusher (7) connected to the primary roller crusher (6); A magnetic separation conveyor (8) is connected to the secondary blade crusher (7), and is provided with a magnetic transmission belt on the top and a non-magnetic transmission belt on the bottom; a first blade crusher (9) connected to the third conveyor belt (5); The collecting box (10) is connected to the second conveyor belt (4), the magnetic separation conveyor (8), and the first blade crusher (9) respectively.

2. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bouncing screen (2) comprises a plurality of bouncing boards, which are arranged in parallel and are arranged at an angle to the bottom surface of the device housing (14). The third conveyor belt (5) is arranged at one end of the bouncing board away from the bottom surface of the device housing (14).

3. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: An end of the springboard away from the bottom surface of the equipment housing (14) is also provided with a suction fan (11), and the suction fan (11) is connected to a wet crusher (12), the outlet end of the wet crusher (12) is connected to a second blade crusher (13), and the discharge end of the second blade crusher (13) is connected to an aggregate box (10).

4. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen is detachably mounted on the bouncing screen (2) so as to replace screens with those of different apertures.

5. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage roller crusher (6) comprises a plurality of crushing rollers rotating in a crusher housing, wherein the roller surfaces of the crushing rollers are provided with roller teeth, the roller teeth of the crushing rollers are staggered and meshed, and adjacent crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions.

6. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the crushing rollers is elastically connected to the crusher housing, so that the gap between two adjacent crushing rollers is elastically variable.

7. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second conveyor belt (4) is provided with an atomizing spray device.

8. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aggregate box (10) is divided into a plurality of independent compartments.

9. The integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device housing (14) is a sealed structure. A dust removal mechanism (15) is provided on the top of the device housing (14). The dust removal mechanism (15) includes a negative pressure exhaust fan and a bag dust collector.

10. A method for using the integrated solid waste environmental treatment equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The solid waste is transported to the bouncing screen (2) via a feed conveyor belt (1); Screening the solid waste into heavy objects, small particles, light materials and ultra-light materials by a bouncing screen (2); The heavy objects are crushed by the first roller crusher (6) through the first conveyor belt (3), and then crushed by the second blade crusher (7), and then separated into metal and non-metal by the magnetic separation conveyor (8); The small particles are directly transported to the collecting box (10) via the second conveyor belt (4); The light material enters the first blade crusher (9) through the third conveyor belt (5) and is crushed before falling onto the second conveyor belt (4); The ultralight material enters the wet grinder (12) through the suction fan (11) to be wetted and initially crushed, and then finely crushed by the second blade grinder (13) before being transported to the collection box (10); Classifying and collecting the processed solid waste through a collection box (10); During operation, dust pollution is controlled by the dust removal mechanism (15).

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