Process equipment for reducing emission of organic waste methane

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic waste methane emission reduction, and discloses process equipment for organic waste methane emission reduction, which comprises an organic waste pretreatment crushing and oil removal system for crushing and oil removal treatment of organic waste; the multi-stage efficient anaerobic fermentation system is connected with the organic waste pretreatment crushing and oil removal system and is used for fermenting the crushed organic waste mixed solution; the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system is connected with the multi-stage efficient anaerobic fermentation system and is used for carrying out dehydration and desulfurization treatment on biogas generated by fermentation; the storage tank is connected with the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system and is used for storing the treated methane gas; the gas generator is connected with the storage tank and is used for generating electricity by using methane gas; the whole equipment is subjected to modular skid-mounted design and is integrated into a standardized logistics transportation system, so that transportation and installation are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic waste disposal and greenhouse gas methane emission reduction, and in particular to a process equipment for organic waste methane emission reduction. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the amount of organic waste generated in my country has been increasing rapidly, leading to an increasing demand for organic waste treatment. Treatment of organic waste, especially solid organic waste, is particularly difficult. Technologies for treating solid organic waste include sanitary landfill, incineration, feed conversion, anaerobic fermentation, aerobic composting, and biological treatment using black soldier flies and earthworms. The treatment effects of different treatment methods vary, and many problems exist during the treatment process. Large-scale treatment of organic waste can achieve better treatment results, but it is limited to economically developed areas with convenient transportation, while remote areas cannot be effectively centralized and treated.

[0003] Especially with the development of the modern tourism economy, the flow of people in many remote scenic spots, homestays and other places has increased significantly, and the amount of organic waste generated has also increased significantly. However, the organic waste treatment methods currently used are inefficient and the technology is relatively backward. Various treatment processes produce a large amount of greenhouse gases such as methane while digesting organic waste. These methane gases are not collected and utilized in the existing technology and are directly dissipated into the atmosphere, which not only wastes energy but also leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste, so as to solve the problems of methane fugitive emissions and non-recycling in the existing equipment and organic waste treatment and disposal process.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste comprises: an organic waste crusher for performing pre-treatment such as crushing and degreasing the organic waste; a multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system connected to the organic waste crusher for fermenting the crushed organic waste mixed liquid; a biogas dehydration and desulfurization system connected to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system for dehydrating and desulfurizing the biogas produced by the fermentation; a storage tank connected to the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system for storing treated methane gas; a gas generator connected to the storage tank for generating electricity using the methane gas; a waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system connected to the gas generator and the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system for recovering waste heat generated by the gas generator and using it to heat the fermentation system; a solar thermal collection system for heating circulating water, providing thermal energy to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system through the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system; a multi-energy complementary system for generating electricity and transmitting it to an energy storage system for storage; and a central control system.

[0007] In a possible design, a central control system is also included, and the central control system, the organic waste crusher, the energy storage system, the gas generator, the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system, and the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system are integrated in the same box assembly.

[0008] In a possible design, the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system includes a dehydration device and a desulfurization device. The dehydration device is used to remove moisture from the biogas, and the desulfurization device is used to separate hydrogen sulfide produced in the reaction.

[0009] In one possible design, the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system includes a heat exchanger and a circulation pump. The heat exchanger is used to recover waste heat generated by the gas generator, and the circulation pump is used to transport hot water to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system.

[0010] In one possible design, the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system includes a heat exchanger and a circulation pump. The heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is fixed at the position of the gas generator. The first heat exchanger is used to recover the waste heat generated by the gas generator. The second heat exchanger is fixed in the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system. The second heat exchanger and the circulation pump constitute a hot water circulation loop.

[0011] In one possible design, the solar thermal collection system includes a solar thermal collector and a hot water storage tank.

[0012] In one possible design, the multi-energy complementary system includes renewable energy sources such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaic panels, and small hydroelectric generators. The electricity is connected to the energy storage system after passing through an inverter.

[0013] In a possible design, a monitoring, early warning and emergency discharge system is further included. The monitoring, early warning and emergency discharge system is electrically connected to the central control system, and the central control system is also electrically connected to a sensor component as an input end.

[0014] In a possible design, the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system is integrated with the methane storage tank and installed underground.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention integrates the technology and innovative design of existing process equipment, modularizes the skid-mounted design of the entire equipment, and integrates it into a standardized logistics and transportation system for easy transportation and installation. It is not only suitable for small scenes with limited space in urban areas, but also can take into account areas with underdeveloped transportation and remote rural mountainous areas, remote homestays, tourist attractions and other places to dispose of organic waste in a decentralized on-site manner. The fermentation system is re-optimized to cultivate efficient methanogens, thereby improving the efficiency of traditional fermentation. At the same time, the generated methane gas is recycled as a resource to generate electricity for the system to operate independently, and the waste heat is recovered to increase the system temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively controlling methane emissions and achieving negative emissions below the methane emission baseline. The generated electricity can also be supplied to the surrounding area for use, which is also an effective means of adapting to climate change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] The reference numerals represent: 1-multi-energy complementary system, 2-central control system, 3-solar thermal collection system, 4-organic waste crusher, 5-energy storage system, 6-gas generator, 7-waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system, 8-monitoring, early warning and emergency discharge system, 9-biogas dehydration and desulfurization system, 10-multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system, 11-storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Examples, such as Figure 1As shown, a process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste includes an organic waste crusher 4 for crushing and removing oil from the organic waste;

[0022] A multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 is connected to the organic waste crusher 4 and is used to ferment the crushed organic waste mixture;

[0023] The biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9 is connected to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 and is used to remove water and desulfurize the biogas produced by the fermentation;

[0024] A storage tank 11 is connected to the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9 and is used to store the treated methane gas;

[0025] a gas generator 6 connected to the storage tank 11 and configured to generate electricity using methane gas;

[0026] The waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7 is connected to the gas generator 6 and the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10, and is used to recover the waste heat generated by the gas generator 6 and use it to heat the fermentation system;

[0027] The solar thermal collection system 3 is used to heat circulating water and provide heat energy to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 through the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7;

[0028] The multi-energy complementary system 1 is used to generate electricity and transmit it to the energy storage system 5 for storage.

[0029] In this embodiment, a central control system 2 is also included, which is used to monitor and control the operation of the organic waste crusher 4, the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10, the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9, the gas generator 6, the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7 and the multi-energy complementary system 1 to ensure coordinated operation between the various systems.

[0030] Furthermore, the central control system 2, the organic waste crusher 4, the energy storage system 5, the gas generator 6, the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7, and the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9 are integrated in the same box assembly. The box assembly uses a standard container, which can be greatly facilitated by integration in the same box assembly. Especially in remote areas, the integrated solution of this application can more conveniently complete the installation and commissioning of the entire equipment.

[0031] In this embodiment, the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 includes a plurality of fermentation tanks, which are connected by pipelines to achieve multi-stage fermentation, which can more thoroughly treat organic waste, improve emission standards to ensure environmental quality, and effectively improve fermentation efficiency.

[0032] In this embodiment, the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9 includes a dehydration device and a desulfurization device. The dehydration device is used to remove moisture from the biogas, and the desulfurization device is used to remove hydrogen sulfide from the biogas. The dehydration device can use existing drying equipment such as activated carbon and condensation drying equipment to complete the dehydration treatment. No excessive restrictions are made here. The desulfurization device separates the hydrogen sulfide produced in the reaction through the desulfurization device.

[0033] After debugging and starting, the entire equipment does not require an external power supply, and the multi-energy complementary system 1 can be used to complete basic power supply. At the same time, a gas generator 6 is added to consume methane gas and convert its energy into electrical energy, which can greatly reduce methane emissions and increase the available green electricity. At the same time, the equipment's electricity can be used for its own use and can also be used to supply power to the surrounding area.

[0034] In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7 includes a heat exchanger and a circulation pump. The heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is fixed at the position of the gas generator 6. The first heat exchanger is used to recover the waste heat generated by the gas generator 6. The multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 is fixed with a second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger and the circulation pump constitute a hot water circulation loop for transporting hot water to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 to accelerate the fermentation speed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the solar thermal system 3 includes a solar collector for absorbing solar energy and heating circulating water, and a hot water storage tank for storing hot water. This combination effectively collects and stores solar energy, ensuring a stable supply of thermal energy, reducing reliance on traditional energy sources, and improving the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of the system.

[0036] In this embodiment, the multi-energy complementary system 1 includes at least a wind turbine and a solar photovoltaic panel. The wind turbine 6 and the solar photovoltaic panel are connected to an energy storage system 5 through an inverter, which stores the electricity generated by the wind turbine 6 and the solar photovoltaic panel. The combination of multiple renewable energy sources can provide a more stable power supply, reduce energy supply fluctuations caused by factors such as weather changes, and improve system reliability and adaptability. The use of an inverter also ensures the quality and stability of the electricity.

[0037] This embodiment also includes a monitoring, early warning, and emergency system 8, which is electrically connected to the central control system 2. The central control system 2 is also electrically connected to a sensor component as an input terminal. The monitoring, early warning, and emergency emission system can monitor the operating status of the equipment in real time, promptly detect and address potential faults, ensure the safe operation of the system, reduce the occurrence of accidents, and improve the system's intelligence level and management efficiency. The sensor component detects environmental parameters during equipment operation, such as the internal temperature, pressure, hydrogen sulfide, and methane concentration of the box assembly. When the parameters exceed the set value, emergency ventilation and exhaust are performed. Through the above monitoring, methane emission reduction can also be detected, and the quasi-real-time monitoring carbon emission equivalent instantaneous value and daily cumulative emission reduction of the equipment can be calculated.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] The organic waste is crushed and degreased by the organic waste crusher 4, and the crushed organic waste mixture enters the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10 for fermentation. The fermentation system is divided into multiple stages to improve the fermentation efficiency. The residual liquid after fermentation is discharged through the discharge port.

[0040] The biogas produced by fermentation enters the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9 for dehydration and removal of hydrogen sulfide. The desulfurized methane gas enters the storage tank 11. The system monitors the pressure of the methane storage tank 11. When the pressure rises, the gas generator 6 is turned on to generate methane gas for power generation. The generated electricity is transmitted to the energy storage system 5 for storage and use by the system. The waste heat generated by the gas generator 6 is recovered through the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7 to be used for heating the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10.

[0041] Solar thermal system 3 heats circulating water, which is then heated by waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7, heating the reactor's circulating water for use in multi-stage, high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system 10. The system is equipped with a multi-energy complementary system 1, which generates electricity through wind power, solar power, and other renewable energy sources. This electricity is then transferred to energy storage system 5 for storage and use.

[0042] The central control system 2, organic waste crusher 4, energy storage system 5, gas generator 6, waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system 7, and biogas dehydration and desulfurization system 9 are integrated in the container room. The system monitors parameters such as temperature and hydrogen sulfide in the container room. When the value exceeds the set threshold, emergency ventilation and exhaust are performed through the early warning monitoring and emergency emission system 8.

[0043] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste, characterized in that: include: An organic waste crusher (4) for crushing and removing oil from organic waste; a multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system (10), connected to the organic waste crusher (4), for fermenting the pretreated organic waste mixture; A biogas dehydration and desulfurization system (9) is connected to the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system (10) and is used to dehydrate and desulfurize the biogas produced by the fermentation; a methane storage tank (11), connected to the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system (9), for storing the treated methane gas; a gas generator (6), connected to the storage tank (11), for generating electricity using methane gas; A waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system (7) is connected to the gas generator (6) and the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system (10) and is used to recover waste heat generated by the gas generator (6) and to keep the fermentation system warm; A solar heat collection system (3) for heating circulating water, and providing heat energy for the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system (10) through the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system (7); A multi-energy complementary system (1) for generating electricity and transmitting it to an energy storage system (5) for storage; and a central control system (2).

2. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biogas dehydration and desulfurization system (9) comprises a dehydration device and a desulfurization device, wherein the dehydration device is used to remove moisture from the biogas, and the desulfurization device is used to separate hydrogen sulfide generated in the reaction.

3. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system (7) includes a heat exchanger and a circulation pump. The heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is fixedly provided at the position of the gas generator (6). The first heat exchanger is used to recover the waste heat generated by the gas generator (6). The second heat exchanger is fixedly provided in the multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system (10). The second heat exchanger and the circulation pump form a hot water circulation loop.

4. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar heat collection system (3) comprises a solar heat collector and a hot water storage tank.

5. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-energy complementary system (1) comprises at least a wind turbine, a solar photovoltaic panel and a small hydropower station, and the gas generator (6) is connected to the energy storage system (5) through an inverter.

6. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring, early warning and emergency discharge system (8), which is electrically connected to the central control system (2), and the central control system (2) is also electrically connected to a sensor component as an input end.

7. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central control system (2), the solar thermal collection system (3), the organic waste crusher (4), the energy storage system (5), the gas generator (6), the waste heat recovery and hot water circulation system (7), the monitoring, early warning and emergency discharge system (8), and the biogas dehydration and desulfurization system (9) are integrated in the same box assembly.

8. The process equipment for reducing methane emissions from organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation system (10) is integrated with the methane storage tank (11) and is buried underground.

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