Exhaust sleeve and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an exhaust sleeve and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of exhaust sleeves, the exhaust sleeve comprises a sleeve and a gas core, the sleeve and the gas core are of a split structure, and the gas core is arranged in the sleeve. The split type structure enables the sleeve and the gas core to play different functions respectively, the sleeve ensures stable matching with a mold and protects the gas core, the fence body gap design of the gas core realizes dual functions of gas passing and rubber material stopping, the problem that the appearance of a tire is not attractive due to rubber hair existing in a traditional exhaust sleeve is solved, and the service life of the tire is prolonged. And meanwhile, through the reasonable gap interval arrangement and the fence body structure, the exhaust efficiency is guaranteed, and the problem that in the prior art, the exhaust efficiency is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of exhaust sleeves, and in particular relates to an exhaust sleeve and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of tire molds, the performance of the exhaust system directly affects the molding quality and production efficiency of the tire. Currently, the mainstream exhaust sleeves in the industry are mainly divided into two categories: one is an ordinary air hole sleeve with rubber hair, and the other is a spring air hole sleeve without rubber hair. The ordinary air hole sleeve with rubber hair achieves exhaust through the rubber hair structure, but during use, the rubber hair is easily embedded in the tire surface, resulting in defects such as burrs and bumps on the tire appearance, seriously affecting the appearance of the product. At the same time, the rubber hair requires additional processing and manufacturing, which increases material and process costs and causes resource waste. Although the spring air hole sleeve without rubber hair avoids the rubber hair problem, it relies on the spring structure to achieve exhaust. The spring gap is easily blocked by foreign matter such as rubber residue and metal debris, resulting in a blocked exhaust channel and a significantly reduced exhaust efficiency. In addition, the spring structure is complex, and it is difficult to completely remove foreign matter in the gap during cleaning. Frequent disassembly and maintenance are required, which increases the difficulty of mold maintenance and downtime, and restricts the improvement of production efficiency.

[0003] In response to the appearance defects and cost waste of ordinary air hole sleeves in the existing technology, as well as the pain points of low exhaust efficiency and difficult maintenance faced by spring air hole sleeves, the present invention proposes a new exhaust sleeve structure. Through the split design and the innovative structure of the fence body gap, it aims to solve the technical problems such as unsightly appearance caused by rubber hair, insufficient exhaust efficiency and difficulty in subsequent cleaning and maintenance, so as to improve the comprehensive performance of the tire mold exhaust system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an exhaust sleeve and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve at least one of the technical problems raised above.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses an exhaust sleeve and a preparation method thereof. The exhaust sleeve includes a sleeve and an air core. The sleeve and the air core are split structures, and the air core is arranged inside the sleeve.

[0006] Preferably, the sleeve serves as the part that contacts and cooperates with the exhaust sleeve and the mold, and is used to ensure that the exhaust sleeve and the mold are closely matched to avoid the exhaust sleeve from sinking or falling off, while also protecting the internal air core and preventing the air core from deformation.

[0007] Preferably, the air core is composed of a plurality of fence bodies, gaps are formed between the fence bodies, and the gaps are in a certain range, which can ensure the passage of gas while preventing the passage of rubber, thereby avoiding the formation of rubber edges.

[0008] A method for preparing an exhaust sleeve comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Prepare a sleeve, and process the sleeve using metal materials;

[0010] S2, preparing the gas core, using metal materials to process the gas core;

[0011] S3, assembling the sleeve and the air core, installing the air core inside the sleeve to form a split-structure exhaust sleeve;

[0012] S4. Conduct quality assessment on the assembled exhaust sleeves and package them after they pass the quality assessment.

[0013] Preferably, step S1 includes:

[0014] Use 304 or 316 stainless steel plates. The selected stainless steel plates must meet the requirements of thickness 0.8-1.5mm, yield strength ≥205MPa, and elongation ≥40%. Use laser cutting to process the stainless steel plates into cylinders with an outer diameter of φ12-25mm and a height of 8-15mm. The laser cutting seam width is ≤0.2mm, and the roundness tolerance is maintained at ≤0.05mm. Then, the inner wall of the cylinder is treated by electrolytic polishing process to make its surface roughness 0.1-0.2μm, followed by ion nitriding treatment to form a nitriding layer with a thickness of 0.15-0.3mm on the surface. Finally, it is tested by three-coordinate measuring instrument to ensure that the inner diameter size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.03mm.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 includes:

[0016] 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel bars are selected, the diameter of the stainless steel bars is φ8-18mm, and the hardness of the stainless steel bars is HRC32-38. The cylindrical base with an outer diameter 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve and a length 1-2mm shorter than the sleeve is processed by CNC turning. 30-60 fence bodies are processed by wire cutting to form an air core. The fence thickness is 0.15-0.3mm, the spacing is 0.2-0.4mm, and the fence height accounts for 70-85% of the air core height. The air core is then passivated to form a 5-10μm thick passivation film on its surface. Finally, the fence gap is detected by optical microscopy to ensure that the gap size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.02mm.

[0017] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0018] Place the sleeve and the air core in an ultrasonic cleaning machine respectively, clean them with acetone solution for 3-5 minutes, and then dry them at 120℃ for 10 minutes. Then use a fixture to coaxially install the air core into the sleeve, ensuring that the distance difference between the end face of the air core and the end face of the sleeve is ≤0.1mm. Apply high-temperature resistant silicone sealant on the mating surfaces of the sleeve and the air core. The thickness of the silicone sealant layer is 0.05-0.1mm. After curing at 80℃ for 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature, and then perform an air pressure test. After passing the air pressure test, spray a layer of 5-10μm thick Teflon coating.

[0019] Preferably, step S4 performs a quality assessment on the assembled exhaust sleeve and packages the exhaust sleeve after the quality assessment is qualified, including:

[0020] S41, placing the assembled exhaust sleeve vertically on a rotating inspection table, dividing the exhaust sleeve into n acquisition areas, performing multi-view image acquisition on each acquisition area to obtain a number of quality inspection images, and calculating the surface crack degree coefficient of the corresponding acquisition area based on the quality inspection images;

[0021] S42. Measure the exhaust efficiency corresponding to each collection area using an air pressure flow test device. When the air pressure flow test is performed on a single collection area, the exhaust sleeve cross-sections of the remaining areas are in a sealed state.

[0022] S43. Use salt spray corrosion test equipment to measure the corrosion resistance parameters corresponding to each collection area. When a single collection area is subjected to salt spray corrosion test, the exhaust sleeves of the remaining areas are in a protected state.

[0023] S44. Using a three-coordinate measuring machine to obtain dimensional parameters of the exhaust sleeve, the dimensional parameters of the exhaust sleeve include the inner diameter of the sleeve, the outer diameter of the gas core, the width of the fence gap, and the length difference of the fence body;

[0024] S45. Based on the surface crack degree coefficient, exhaust efficiency, corrosion resistance, dimensional parameters and corresponding reference ranges of n sampling areas, determine whether the exhaust sleeve is qualified. If any one item is unqualified, it will be discarded. If all items are qualified, the quality grade will be calculated and graded and packaged.

[0025] Preferably, the calculation of the surface crack degree coefficient in step S41 includes:

[0026] S411, inputting the quality inspection image of each acquisition area into the trained crack recognition model, marking the crack area and generating a crack contour image;

[0027] S412, performing pixelation processing on the crack contour image, and calculating the ratio of crack pixels to the total pixels in the acquisition area as the surface crack degree coefficient;

[0028] S413. If the surface crack degree coefficient is greater than 5%, the area is deemed unqualified.

[0029] The exhaust efficiency measurement in step S42 is specifically as follows:

[0030] Under 0.5MPa pressure, the gas flow rate of the exhaust sleeve per unit time is measured by a flow sensor. If the flow rate is less than 30L / min, it is judged as unqualified;

[0031] The corrosion resistance measurement in step S43 is specifically as follows:

[0032] The exhaust sleeve is placed in a 5% sodium chloride salt spray environment for 1000 hours. If rust spots appear on the surface, it is judged as unqualified.

[0033] Preferably, in step S45, the quality grade of the exhaust sleeve is calculated:

[0034] in, is the quality grade of the exhaust sleeve, Aj is the surface crack degree coefficient of the jth sampling area, B j is the exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, C j is the corrosivity of the jth collection area, D i is the measured value of the i-th size parameter, A jmax is the maximum value of the crack degree coefficient of the reference surface in the jth acquisition area, A jmin is the minimum value of the reference surface crack degree coefficient of the jth acquisition area, B jmax is the maximum value of the benchmark exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, B jmin is the minimum value of the benchmark exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, C jmax is the maximum value of the baseline corrosivity of the jth sampling area, C jmin is the minimum value of the baseline corrosivity of the jth sampling area, D imax is the maximum value of the i-th size parameter, D imin is the minimum value of the i-th size parameter, ln is the logarithm with base e, α1 is the weight of the surface crack degree coefficient, α2 is the weight of the exhaust efficiency, α3 is the weight of the corrosiveness, and α4 is the weight of the size parameter. The symbol for rounding up.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The split structure of the present invention enables the sleeve and the air core to perform different functions respectively. The sleeve ensures stable cooperation with the mold and protects the air core. The fence body gap design of the air core realizes the dual functions of gas passage and blocking rubber, avoiding the problem of unsightly tire appearance caused by rubber hair in traditional exhaust sleeves and reducing the cost waste caused by rubber hair. At the same time, through reasonable gap interval setting and fence body structure, exhaust efficiency is guaranteed, solving the problem of low exhaust efficiency in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust sleeve of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. Sleeve; 2. Air core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0042] The present invention provides the following embodiments

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The embodiment of the present invention provides an exhaust sleeve and a preparation method thereof, such as Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust sleeve includes a sleeve 1 and an air core 2 . The sleeve 1 and the air core 2 are split structures, and the air core 2 is arranged inside the sleeve 1 .

[0045] Preferably, the sleeve 1 serves as the part that contacts and cooperates with the exhaust sleeve and the mold, and is used to ensure that the exhaust sleeve and the mold are closely matched to avoid the exhaust sleeve from sinking or falling off. At the same time, it protects the internal air core 2 and prevents the air core 2 from deformation.

[0046] Preferably, the air core 2 is composed of a plurality of fence bodies, gaps are formed between the fence bodies, and the gaps are in a certain range, which can ensure the passage of gas while preventing the passage of rubber, thereby avoiding the formation of rubber edges.

[0047] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the exhaust sleeve is composed of a sleeve 1 and an air core 2, which are split structures. The air core 2 is arranged inside the sleeve 1. The sleeve 1 is the part that contacts and cooperates with the mold, ensuring that the exhaust sleeve fits tightly with the mold to avoid sinking or falling off, while protecting the internal air core 2 from deformation. The air core 2 is composed of multiple fence bodies, and gaps are formed between the fence bodies in a certain range. The gaps can both ensure the passage of gas and prevent the passage of rubber, thereby avoiding the formation of rubber edges.

[0048] The split structure of the present invention enables the sleeve 1 and the air core 2 to perform different functions respectively. The sleeve 1 ensures stable cooperation with the mold and protects the air core 2. The fence body gap design of the air core 2 realizes the dual functions of gas passage and blocking rubber, avoiding the problem of unsightly tire appearance caused by rubber hair in traditional exhaust sleeves and reducing the cost waste caused by rubber hair. At the same time, through reasonable gap interval setting and fence body structure, the exhaust efficiency is guaranteed, solving the problem of low exhaust efficiency in the prior art.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Based on Example 1, a method for preparing an exhaust sleeve includes the following steps:

[0051] S1, preparing a sleeve 1, and processing the sleeve 1 using a metal material;

[0052] S2, preparing the gas core 2, using metal materials to process the gas core 2;

[0053] S3, assembling the sleeve 1 and the gas core 2, and installing the gas core 2 inside the sleeve 1 to form a split-structure exhaust sleeve;

[0054] S4. Conduct quality assessment on the assembled exhaust sleeves and package them after they pass the quality assessment.

[0055] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the exhaust sleeve preparation method includes preparing a sleeve 1, preparing an air core 2, assembling, quality evaluation and packaging. When preparing the sleeve 1, metal materials are used for processing. When preparing the air core 2, metal materials are also used for processing into a specific structure. The air core 2 is then installed inside the sleeve 1 to form a split-structure exhaust sleeve. Finally, the assembled exhaust sleeve is quality evaluated and packaged after passing the quality assessment.

[0056] The step-by-step preparation method is clear and definite, and is convenient for operation and quality control of each link. By preparing the sleeve 1 and the air core 2 separately, precise processing can be performed according to the functions and requirements of different components, ensuring the tightness of the sleeve 1 and the mold and the protection of the air core 2, as well as the exhaust and anti-glue functions of the gap in the fence body of the air core 2. The assembly process ensures the correct formation of the split structure, and the quality assessment and packaging links ensure the qualification of the product and facilitate storage and transportation.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Based on Example 2, step S1 includes:

[0059] Use 304 or 316 stainless steel plates. The selected stainless steel plates must meet the requirements of thickness 0.8-1.5mm, yield strength ≥205MPa, and elongation ≥40%. Use laser cutting to process the stainless steel plates into cylinders with an outer diameter of φ12-25mm and a height of 8-15mm. The laser cutting seam width is ≤0.2mm, and the roundness tolerance is maintained at ≤0.05mm. Then, the inner wall of the cylinder is treated by electrolytic polishing process to make its surface roughness 0.1-0.2μm, followed by ion nitriding treatment to form a nitriding layer with a thickness of 0.15-0.3mm on the surface. Finally, it is tested by three-coordinate measuring instrument to ensure that the inner diameter size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.03mm.

[0060] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when preparing the sleeve 1, a 304 or 316 stainless steel plate is selected, which meets the requirements of thickness of 0.8-1.5mm, yield strength ≥205MPa, elongation ≥40%, etc. The plate is processed into a cylinder of a specific size by laser cutting, and the cutting seam width and roundness tolerance are controlled. Then, the inner wall of the cylinder is treated by electrolytic polishing process to make its surface roughness within 0.1-0.2μm, followed by ion nitriding treatment to form a nitrided layer with a thickness of 0.15-0.3mm. Finally, the inner diameter size tolerance is tested by a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine.

[0061] The selection of stainless steel plates with specific properties ensures the strength, corrosion resistance and processing performance of the sleeve 1. The laser cutting process ensures the dimensional accuracy and cutting quality of the sleeve 1. The electrolytic polishing treatment makes the inner wall of the cylinder smooth and reduces the adhesion of rubber. The ion nitriding treatment improves the surface hardness and wear resistance of the sleeve 1 and extends its service life. The three-coordinate measuring instrument inspection ensures that the inner diameter size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.03mm, ensuring the matching accuracy of the sleeve 1 and the gas core 2.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] On the basis of Example 2, 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel rods are selected, the diameter of the stainless steel rods is φ8-18mm, and the hardness of the stainless steel rods is HRC32-38. CNC turning is used to form a cylindrical base with an outer diameter 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 1 and a length 1-2mm shorter than the sleeve 1. Wire cutting is used to process 30-60 fence bodies to form an air core 2. The fence thickness is 0.15-0.3mm, the spacing is 0.2-0.4mm, and the fence height accounts for 70-85% of the air core height. Afterwards, the air core 2 is passivated to form a 5-10μm thick passivation film on its surface. Finally, the fence gap is detected by optical microscopy to ensure that the gap size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.02mm.

[0064] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When preparing the air core 2, a 17-4PH precipitation-hardened stainless steel bar with a diameter of φ8-18mm and a hardness of HRC32-38 is selected. A cylindrical base with an outer diameter 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 1 and a length 1-2mm shorter than the sleeve 1 is processed by CNC turning. 30-60 fence bodies are processed by wire cutting to form the air core 2. The thickness, spacing and height ratio of the fences are controlled. The air core 2 is then passivated to form a passivation film 5-10μm thick. Finally, the fence gap size tolerance is tested by optical microscopy.

[0065] The selected stainless steel bars have good strength and toughness, and are suitable for processing into the structure of the air core 2. CNC turning ensures the dimensional accuracy of the cylindrical base, and the fitting clearance with the sleeve 1 is reasonable, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. The slow-wire wire cutting process accurately processes the fence body, controls the fence thickness, spacing and height, ensures the exhaust efficiency and anti-glue effect, and the passivation treatment improves the corrosion resistance of the air core 2. Optical microscope detection ensures that the fence gap size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.02mm, making the gap size uniform and consistent, ensuring the stability of the exhaust and anti-glue functions.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] Based on Example 2, step S3 includes:

[0068] Place the sleeve 1 and the air core 2 in an ultrasonic cleaning machine respectively, clean them with acetone solution for 3-5 minutes, and then dry them at 120℃ for 10 minutes. Then use a fixture to coaxially install the air core 2 into the sleeve 1, and ensure that the distance difference between the end face of the air core 2 and the end face of the sleeve 1 is ≤0.1mm. Apply high-temperature resistant silicone sealant on the mating surface of the sleeve 1 and the air core 2. The thickness of the silicone sealant layer is 0.05-0.1mm. After curing at 80℃ for 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature, and then perform an air pressure test. After passing the air pressure test, spray a layer of 5-10μm thick Teflon coating.

[0069] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: during assembly, the sleeve 1 and the air core 2 are placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine respectively, cleaned with acetone solution for 3-5 minutes, and then dried at 120°C for 10 minutes. The air core 2 is coaxially installed into the sleeve 1 using a fixture to ensure that the distance difference between the end face of the air core 2 and the end face of the sleeve 1 is ≤0.1mm. High-temperature resistant silicone sealant is applied to the mating surface to control the thickness of the adhesive layer. After curing at 80°C for 2 hours, it is naturally cooled to room temperature and then subjected to an air pressure test. After passing the test, a 5-10μm thick Teflon coating is sprayed on the surface.

[0070] Ultrasonic cleaning and drying treatments ensure the surface cleanliness of the sleeve 1 and the air core 2, preventing impurities from affecting the assembly accuracy and performance. The fixture ensures that the air core 2 is coaxially installed into the sleeve 1, ensuring the coaxiality and end face distance difference of the fit, and ensuring the overall structural accuracy of the exhaust sleeve. The use of high-temperature resistant silicone sealant ensures the sealing of the fitting surface and prevents gas leakage. The curing treatment enables the sealant to achieve optimal performance. The air pressure test ensures the sealing effect. The spraying of Teflon coating reduces the friction coefficient of the exhaust sleeve, facilitating subsequent cleaning and maintenance, while improving the surface wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] Based on Example 2, step S4 performs a quality assessment on the assembled exhaust sleeve, and packaging the exhaust sleeve after the quality assessment is qualified, including:

[0073] S41, placing the assembled exhaust sleeve vertically on a rotating inspection table, dividing the exhaust sleeve into n acquisition areas, performing multi-view image acquisition on each acquisition area to obtain a number of quality inspection images, and calculating the surface crack degree coefficient of the corresponding acquisition area based on the quality inspection images;

[0074] S42. Measure the exhaust efficiency corresponding to each collection area using an air pressure flow test device. When the air pressure flow test is performed on a single collection area, the exhaust sleeve cross-sections of the remaining areas are in a sealed state.

[0075] S43. Use salt spray corrosion test equipment to measure the corrosion resistance parameters corresponding to each collection area. When a single collection area is subjected to salt spray corrosion test, the exhaust sleeves of the remaining areas are in a protected state.

[0076] S44. Using a three-coordinate measuring machine to obtain dimensional parameters of the exhaust sleeve, the dimensional parameters of the exhaust sleeve include the inner diameter of the sleeve, the outer diameter of the gas core, the width of the fence gap, and the length difference of the fence body;

[0077] S45. Based on the surface crack degree coefficient, exhaust efficiency, corrosion resistance, dimensional parameters and corresponding reference ranges of n sampling areas, determine whether the exhaust sleeve is qualified. If any one item is unqualified, it will be discarded. If all items are qualified, the quality grade will be calculated and graded and packaged.

[0078] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when evaluating the quality of an assembled exhaust sleeve, it is placed vertically on a rotating inspection table and divided into n collection areas. Multi-view images are collected for each area, and the surface crack degree coefficient is calculated. The exhaust efficiency is measured using an air pressure flow test device, the corrosion resistance parameters are measured using salt spray corrosion testing equipment, and the dimensional parameters are obtained using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine. These parameters are then compared with the corresponding benchmark ranges to determine whether the sleeve is qualified. If qualified, the quality grade is calculated and the sleeve is packaged in a graded manner.

[0079] By dividing the exhaust sleeve into multiple acquisition areas for multi-view image acquisition and measurement of various performance parameters, a comprehensive inspection of the exhaust sleeve quality is achieved. The calculation of the surface crack degree coefficient can detect whether there are crack defects on the surface of the exhaust sleeve to ensure surface quality. The air pressure flow test ensures that the exhaust efficiency meets the requirements. The salt spray corrosion test detects corrosion resistance to ensure the stability of the exhaust sleeve in the use environment. The three-coordinate measuring instrument obtains dimensional parameters to ensure the dimensional accuracy of each component. Based on the comparison and judgment of various parameters with the benchmark range, unqualified products can be accurately eliminated to ensure product quality. The calculation of quality grades and graded packaging facilitates product management and use to meet different needs.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] Based on Example 6, the calculation of the surface crack degree coefficient in step S41 includes:

[0082] S411, inputting the quality inspection image of each acquisition area into the trained crack recognition model, marking the crack area and generating a crack contour image;

[0083] S412, performing pixelation processing on the crack contour image, and calculating the ratio of crack pixels to the total pixels in the acquisition area as the surface crack degree coefficient;

[0084] S413. If the surface crack degree coefficient is greater than 5%, the area is deemed unqualified.

[0085] The exhaust efficiency measurement in step S42 is specifically as follows:

[0086] Under 0.5MPa pressure, the gas flow rate of the exhaust sleeve per unit time is measured by a flow sensor. If the flow rate is less than 30L / min, it is judged as unqualified;

[0087] The corrosion resistance measurement in step S43 is specifically as follows:

[0088] The exhaust sleeve is placed in a 5% sodium chloride salt spray environment for 1000 hours. If rust spots appear on the surface, it is judged as unqualified.

[0089] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the trained crack recognition model can be used to accurately identify the crack area, and through pixelation processing and calculation of the crack pixel ratio, a quantitative assessment of the surface crack degree is achieved, and the surface crack defects are accurately judged to ensure the surface quality of the exhaust sleeve; measuring the gas flow rate under a specific air pressure can intuitively reflect the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust sleeve to ensure that it meets the use requirements; the salt spray corrosion test simulates the actual use environment of the exhaust sleeve, and through long-term testing, its corrosion resistance can be accurately detected to ensure that the exhaust sleeve will not affect its performance due to corrosion during long-term use. These detection methods have clear operations and clear standards, which can effectively ensure the quality and reliability of the exhaust sleeve.

[0090] Example 8

[0091] Based on Example 7, the quality grade of the exhaust sleeve is calculated in step S45:

[0092] in, is the quality grade of the exhaust sleeve, Aj is the surface crack degree coefficient of the jth sampling area, B j is the exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, C j is the corrosivity of the jth collection area, D i is the measured value of the i-th size parameter, A jmax is the maximum value of the crack degree coefficient of the reference surface in the jth acquisition area, A jmin is the minimum value of the reference surface crack degree coefficient of the jth acquisition area, B jmax is the maximum value of the benchmark exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, B jmin is the minimum value of the benchmark exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, C jmax is the maximum value of the baseline corrosivity of the jth sampling area, C jmin is the minimum value of the baseline corrosivity of the jth sampling area, D imax is the maximum value of the i-th size parameter, D imin is the minimum value of the i-th size parameter, ln is the logarithm with base e, α1 is the weight of the surface crack degree coefficient, α2 is the weight of the exhaust efficiency, α3 is the weight of the corrosiveness, and α4 is the weight of the size parameter. The symbol for rounding up.

[0093] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the quality grade calculation model integrates multiple key indicators, and quantifies the surface crack degree coefficient, exhaust efficiency, corrosiveness and dimensional parameters through scientific formula algorithms. The difference between the actual measured value and the benchmark value of each indicator is reflected in the form of absolute value and quotient. The setting of the weight coefficient reflects the difference in importance of each indicator. Through logarithmic operation and rounding up, the comprehensive evaluation results are converted into quality grades, realizing the quantitative evaluation and graded management of the exhaust sleeve quality, facilitating precise control of product quality during the production process, and enabling graded packaging and use according to quality grade, thereby improving product consistency and reliability, and providing data support for product quality improvement and optimization.

[0094] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An exhaust sleeve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sleeve (1) and an air core (2); the sleeve (1) and the air core (2) are of a split structure, and the air core (2) is arranged inside the sleeve (1).

2. The exhaust sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (1) serves as the contact and matching part of the exhaust sleeve and the mold, and is used to ensure that the exhaust sleeve and the mold are tightly matched to prevent the exhaust sleeve from being sunken or falling off. At the same time, it protects the internal air core (2) and prevents the air core (2) from being deformed.

3. The exhaust sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air core (2) is composed of a plurality of fence bodies, gaps are formed between the fence bodies, and the gaps are in a certain range, which can ensure the passage of gas while preventing the passage of rubber material, thereby avoiding the generation of rubber edges.

4. A method for preparing an exhaust sleeve, for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, preparing a sleeve (1), and processing the sleeve (1) using a metal material; S2, preparing the gas core (2), using metal materials to process the gas core (2); S3, assembling the sleeve (1) and the air core (2), and installing the air core (2) inside the sleeve (1) to form an exhaust sleeve with a split structure; S4. Conduct quality assessment on the assembled exhaust sleeves and package them after they pass the quality assessment.

5. The method for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: Use 304 or 316 stainless steel plates. The selected stainless steel plates must meet the requirements of thickness 0.8-1.5mm, yield strength ≥205MPa, and elongation ≥40%. Use laser cutting to process the stainless steel plates into cylinders with an outer diameter of φ12-25mm and a height of 8-15mm. The laser cutting seam width is ≤0.2mm, and the roundness tolerance is maintained at ≤0.05mm. Then, the inner wall of the cylinder is treated by electrolytic polishing process to make its surface roughness 0.1-0.2μm, followed by ion nitriding treatment to form a nitriding layer with a thickness of 0.15-0.3mm on the surface. Finally, it is tested by three-coordinate measuring instrument to ensure that the inner diameter size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.03mm.

6. The method for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to claim 4, wherein: Step S2 includes: A 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel bar is selected, the diameter of the stainless steel bar is φ8-18mm, and the hardness of the stainless steel bar is HRC32-38. A cylindrical base body with an outer diameter 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve (1) and a length 1-2mm shorter than the sleeve (1) is processed by CNC turning. 30-60 fence bodies are processed by wire cutting to form an air core (2). The fence thickness is 0.15-0.3mm, the spacing is 0.2-0.4mm, and the fence height accounts for 70-85% of the air core height. The air core (2) is then passivated to form a 5-10μm thick passivation film on its surface. Finally, the fence gap is detected by an optical microscope to ensure that the gap size tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.02mm.

7. The method for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S3 includes: The sleeve (1) and the air core (2) are placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine respectively, cleaned with acetone solution for 3-5 minutes and then dried at 120°C for 10 minutes, and then the air core (2) is coaxially installed into the sleeve (1) using a fixture to ensure that the distance difference between the end face of the air core (2) and the end face of the sleeve (1) is ≤0.1mm, and a high-temperature resistant silicone sealant is applied on the matching surface of the sleeve (1) and the air core (2). The thickness of the silicone sealant layer is 0.05-0.1mm, and the sealant is cured at 80°C for 2 hours and then naturally cooled to room temperature. After that, an air pressure test is performed. After the air pressure test is passed, a layer of 5-10μm thick Teflon coating is sprayed.

8. The method for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to claim 4, wherein: Step S4 is to perform a quality assessment on the assembled exhaust sleeve and then package it after it passes the quality assessment, including: S41, placing the assembled exhaust sleeve vertically on a rotating inspection table, dividing the exhaust sleeve into n acquisition areas, performing multi-view image acquisition on each acquisition area to obtain a number of quality inspection images, and calculating the surface crack degree coefficient of the corresponding acquisition area based on the quality inspection images; S42. Measure the exhaust efficiency corresponding to each collection area using an air pressure flow test device. When the air pressure flow test is performed on a single collection area, the exhaust sleeve cross-sections of the remaining areas are in a sealed state. S43. Use salt spray corrosion test equipment to measure the corrosion resistance parameters corresponding to each collection area. When a single collection area is subjected to salt spray corrosion test, the exhaust sleeves of the remaining areas are in a protected state. S44. Using a three-coordinate measuring machine to obtain dimensional parameters of the exhaust sleeve, the dimensional parameters of the exhaust sleeve include the inner diameter of the sleeve, the outer diameter of the gas core, the width of the fence gap, and the length difference of the fence body; S45. Based on the surface crack degree coefficient, exhaust efficiency, corrosion resistance, dimensional parameters and corresponding reference ranges of n sampling areas, determine whether the exhaust sleeve is qualified. If any one item is unqualified, it will be discarded. If all items are qualified, the quality grade will be calculated and graded and packaged.

9. The method for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation of the surface crack degree coefficient in step S41 includes: S411, inputting the quality inspection image of each acquisition area into the trained crack recognition model, marking the crack area and generating a crack contour image; S412, performing pixelation processing on the crack contour image, and calculating the ratio of crack pixels to the total pixels in the acquisition area as the surface crack degree coefficient; S413. If the surface crack degree coefficient is greater than 5%, the area is deemed unqualified. The exhaust efficiency measurement in step S42 is specifically as follows: Under 0.5MPa pressure, the gas flow rate of the exhaust sleeve per unit time is measured by a flow sensor. If the flow rate is less than 30L / min, it is judged as unqualified; The corrosion resistance measurement in step S43 is specifically as follows: The exhaust sleeve is placed in a 5% sodium chloride salt spray environment for 1000 hours. If rust spots appear on the surface, it is judged as unqualified.

10. The method for preparing an exhaust sleeve according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S45, the quality grade of the exhaust sleeve is calculated: in, Is the quality grade of the exhaust sleeve, A j is the surface crack degree coefficient of the jth sampling area, B j is the exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, C j is the corrosivity of the jth collection area, D i is the measured value of the i-th size parameter, A jmax is the maximum value of the crack degree coefficient of the reference surface in the jth acquisition area, A jmin is the minimum value of the reference surface crack degree coefficient of the jth acquisition area, B jmax is the maximum value of the benchmark exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, B jmin is the minimum value of the benchmark exhaust efficiency of the jth collection area, C jmax is the maximum value of the baseline corrosivity of the jth sampling area, C jmin is the minimum value of the baseline corrosivity of the jth sampling area, D imax is the maximum value of the i-th size parameter, D imin is the minimum value of the i-th size parameter, ln is the logarithm with base e, α1 is the weight of the surface crack degree coefficient, α2 is the weight of the exhaust efficiency, α3 is the weight of the corrosiveness, and α4 is the weight of the size parameter. The symbol for rounding up.

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