Sectional type heat exchanger for chemical production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a sectional type heat exchanger for chemical production. Comprising a first fixed shell; the second fixing shell is hinged to the first fixing shell, the first fixing shell and the second fixing shell are jointly and detachably connected with symmetrically-distributed liquid guiding shells, the liquid guiding shells are fixedly connected and communicated with material guiding pipes, and the symmetrically-distributed liquid guiding shells are fixedly connected with a first material guiding shell and a second material guiding shell respectively; the supporting shells are distributed in a linear array mode and detachably connected between the first fixing shell and the second fixing shell, the supporting shells are fixedly connected and communicated with a plurality of heat exchange pipes, two upper notches are formed in the upper sides of the supporting shells, and two guide grooves are formed in the lower sides of the supporting shells. The mode that the heat exchange tube is divided into the multiple independent tube sections is provided, the damaged part is replaced only when the specific section breaks down, the other intact tube sections can be continuously used, and therefore material waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a sectional heat exchanger for chemical production. Background Art

[0002] A heat exchanger is a device that transfers part of the heat of a hot fluid to a cold fluid through heat conduction. It is also called a heat exchanger. It occupies a core position in industrial fields such as chemical, petroleum, power, and food. In particular, in chemical production, it can be used as key equipment such as heaters, coolers, condensers, evaporators, and reboilers to achieve thermal management of material preheating, reaction heat recovery, product condensation, and distillation processes.

[0003] Heat exchangers generally include shell and tube, plate, and U-tube types. Taking the shell and tube heat exchanger as an example, its core components include the shell, heat exchange tubes, baffles, tube sheets, and heads. The working principle is as follows: 1. The hot fluid (such as high-temperature process fluid) enters the shell and passes through the outside of the heat exchange tube multiple times under the guidance of the baffle, extending the flow path to enhance the turbulence effect, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency; 2. The cold fluid (such as chemical materials that need to be heated) enters the heat exchange tube. During the flow in the tube, it indirectly contacts the hot fluid through the heat exchange tube wall, and heat is exchanged using the temperature difference. 3. After the hot fluid transfers heat to the cold fluid, its own temperature drops and is discharged from the other side of the shell. The cold fluid is also discharged from the other side of the shell after being heated, completing the effective recovery or transmission of heat.

[0004] During use, the heat exchange tube adopts an integral design. Once local corrosion (such as perforation) or blockage occurs, the entire tube needs to be replaced. However, since the damage is only concentrated in a local area, a large number of intact tube sections will be forced to be scrapped, resulting in low material utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the present invention provides a segmented heat exchanger for chemical production.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production, comprising: a first fixed shell; a second fixed shell, hinged to the first fixed shell, the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell being detachably connected to a symmetrically distributed liquid guide shell, the liquid guide shell being communicated with both the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell, the liquid guide shell being fixedly connected and connected with a material guide pipe, the symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells being respectively fixedly connected with a first material guide shell and a second material guide shell which are communicated with the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell; supporting shells distributed in a linear array, each of which is detachably connected between the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell, two adjacent supporting shells being fitted with each other, the first material guide shell and the second material guide shell being respectively fitted with adjacent supporting shells, the supporting shells being fixedly connected and connected with a plurality of heat exchange tubes, two upper notches being provided on the upper side of the supporting shell, and two guide grooves being provided on the lower side of the supporting shell.

[0007] Furthermore, two support frames are detachably connected to the support shell, and the two support frames are used to support the adjacent heat exchange tubes.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower side of the guide groove is configured to be arc-shaped, and the diameter of the circle where the lower edge of the guide groove is located is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylinder formed by the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell.

[0009] Furthermore, two guide shells are fixedly connected to one side of the support shell close to the second material guide shell and are respectively located in the upper notch and the guide groove. Several liquid channels are provided in the guide shell, and the liquid channels are used to guide the liquid. The cross-sectional area of the guide groove is larger than the cross-sectional area of the adjacent guide shell, and a gap is left between the guide shell and the adjacent support shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid channel is wavy in shape, so as to increase the time the liquid exists in the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower sides of the support shells close to the first material guide shell and the second material guide shell are slidably connected to porous plates, and the upper sides of the remaining support shells are also slidably connected to the porous plates. The porous plates separate the adjacent guide shells into two and slide along the two.

[0012] Furthermore, a material guide cavity is provided on one side of the support shell close to the second material guide shell, the material guide cavity is connected to the adjacent heat exchange tube, the material guide cavity is connected to the adjacent second material guide shell, the support shell is slidably connected to a sliding plate located in the material guide cavity, the support shell is slidably connected to a sliding frame located in the material guide cavity, and the sliding frame is fixed to the sliding plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring pull rod is fixedly connected to the side of the support shell close to the material guide chamber, and the support shell is slidably connected to a sliding column. The sliding column and the spring pull rod are both fixed to the sliding frame on one side close to the sliding frame. A compression spring is fixedly connected between the porous plate and the adjacent support shell, and a connecting rope is fixedly connected between the sliding column and the adjacent porous plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the material guide cavity is composed of two eccentric frustum-shaped grooves and a cylindrical groove. The upper side of the cylindrical groove, the upper side of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove and the upper side of the adjacent heat exchange tube are all located on the same horizontal plane, which is used to guide the gas in the heat exchange tube.

[0015] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided in the sliding plate.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: the present invention proposes a method of dividing the heat exchange tube into multiple independent tube sections, so that only the damaged part is replaced when a specific section fails, and the remaining intact tube sections can continue to be used, thereby reducing material waste; before the cold fluid enters the heat exchange tube, the porous plate does not block the adjacent guide shells, so that the hot fluid can enter the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell in a short time; after the cold fluid enters the heat exchange tube, the liquid channels on the guide shells are blocked by partitions, which increases the time the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell, thereby increasing the time of heat conduction to the heat exchange tube; during the process of adding the cold fluid, the cold fluid is pushed through the section by section to achieve staged heat exchange: after the first section is filled, it stays there for sufficient heat exchange, and then flows into the next section step by step and repeats the liquid injection and heat exchange process, ensuring continuous operation throughout the process while allowing the cold fluid to fully stay; when backwashing the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell, the guide shell remains unobstructed, so as to facilitate backwashing of the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell after being opened; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid-guiding housing of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the second material guide shell of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of the three-dimensional structure of the second material guiding shell and the material guiding cavity of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 8 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the first material guide shell of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the new three-dimensional structure of the support shell and heat exchange tube of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the support shell of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the support shell and the support frame of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide shell of the present invention; Figure 13 is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the porous plate of the present invention; Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding column and the compression spring of the present invention.

[0018] Figure markings: 1-first fixed shell, 2-second fixed shell, 3-liquid guide shell, 4-material guide pipe, 5-first material guide shell, 6-second material guide shell, 7-support shell, 8-heat exchange tube, 9-upper notch, 10-guide groove, 11-support frame, 12-flow guide shell, 13-liquid channel, 14-porous plate, 15-material guide chamber, 16-sliding plate, 17-sliding frame, 18-sliding column, 19-compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby stated that any directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "inner" that appear or will appear herein are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] The present invention aims to solve the following problem: existing heat exchange tubes adopt an integral design. When local damage (such as corrosion, blockage or perforation) occurs, the entire tube must be scrapped, resulting in serious material waste. Instead, a method of installing the heat exchange tube in sections is proposed. When a section is corroded, perforated or blocked, only the faulty section is replaced, and the other intact sections can continue to be used. The specific method is as follows: Example 1

[0021] This embodiment discloses a sectional heat exchanger for chemical industry, which is used to exchange heat for liquid used in chemical industry.

[0022] See Figures 1-9, a segmented heat exchanger for chemical production, comprising: a first fixed shell 1; a second fixed shell 2, hinged to the first fixed shell 1, the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 together form a cylindrical shell (when the two are fitted together, a sealing strip is installed between the two), the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 form a cylindrical shell, and the two ends of the cylindrical shell are detachably connected with symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells 3, the liquid guide shells 3 are fixedly connected and connected with a material guide pipe 4, the symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells 3 are respectively fixed with the first material guide shell 5 and the second material guide shell 6, the highest point of the inner diameter of the lower port of the left material guide pipe 4 coincides with the highest point of the inner diameter of the second material guide shell 6, similarly, the highest point of the inner diameter of the lower port of the right material guide pipe 4 coincides with the highest point of the inner diameter of the first material guide shell 5, the two material guide pipes 4 respectively pass through the adjacent liquid guide shells 3 and are connected with the corresponding first material guide shell 5 and second material guide shell 6, for emptying the gas in the first material guide shell 5, the second material guide shell 6 and all the heat exchange tubes 8; support distributed in a linear array Shell 7, both can be detachably connected between the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. The supporting shell 7 can be spliced by two shells distributed front and back during manufacturing. The two shells can be welded, and the adjacent two supporting shells 7 are fitted with each other, and the first material guide shell 5 and the second material guide shell 6 are respectively fitted with the adjacent supporting shell 7. The supporting shell 7 is fixedly connected and connected with a number of heat exchange tubes 8. By dividing the heat exchange tubes 8 into sections and placing them in adjacent supporting shells 7, it is convenient to replace only a single section of the heat exchange tube 8 later, thereby reducing material waste. Two upper notches 9 are provided on the upper side of the supporting shell 7, and two guide grooves 10 are provided on the lower side of the supporting shell 7. Before using this device, the staff first connects the inlet pipe of the hot fluid with the liquid guide shell 3 on the left, and the outlet pipe of the hot fluid with the liquid guide shell 3 on the right, and then connects the outlet pipe of the cold fluid with the material guide pipe 4 on the left, and the inlet pipe of the cold fluid is connected with the material guide pipe 4 on the right, thereby completing the preparation action of the heat exchange process.

[0023] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 Two support frames 11 are detachably connected to the support shell 7. The two support frames 11 are used to support adjacent heat exchange tubes 8. The two support frames 11 limit the adjacent heat exchange tubes 8 so that the heat exchange tubes 8 will not slide freely in the corresponding support shell 7 during operation. The lower side of the guide groove 10 is set to an arc shape. The diameter of the circle where the lower edge of the guide groove 10 is located is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylinder composed of the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, which is used to make the liquid flow smoothly through the first fixed shell 1, the second fixed shell 2 and the guide groove 10.

[0024] See Figures 9-14Two guide shells 12 are fixedly connected to the left side of the supporting shell 7 and are respectively located in the upper notch 9 and the guide groove 10. Several liquid channels 13 are provided in the guide shell 12. The liquid channel 13 is used to guide the liquid. The cross-sectional area of the guide groove 10 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the adjacent guide shell 12, and a gap is left between the guide shell 12 and the adjacent supporting shell 7. Due to the presence of magnesium ions and calcium ions in the water, under the action of heating, calcium or magnesium carbonate crystals will adhere to the surface of the heat exchange tube to form scale. The gap between the guide groove 10 and the adjacent guide shell 12 is used to make the scale easily discharged during subsequent cleaning. The liquid channel 13 is wavy and is used to increase the time the liquid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0025] See Figure 10-14 The lower sides of the leftmost support shell 7 and the rightmost support shell 7 are both slidably connected to the porous plates 14, and the upper sides of the remaining support shells 7 are also slidably connected to the porous plates 14. The porous plates 14 separate the adjacent guide shells 12 into two. The porous plates 14 are slidably connected to the guide shells 12, and the liquid channels 13 in the adjacent guide shells 12 are blocked by the porous plates 14, thereby increasing the time that the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0026] See Figure 6 and Figure 12-14 A material guide cavity 15 is provided on the left side of the support shell 7. The material guide cavity 15 is communicated with the adjacent heat exchange tube 8, and the material guide cavity 15 is communicated with the adjacent second material guide shell 6. The support shell 7 is slidably connected to a sliding plate 16 located in the material guide cavity 15. The support shell 7 is slidably connected to a sliding frame 17 located in the material guide cavity 15. The sliding frame 17 is fixed to the sliding plate 16. A spring pull rod 20 is fixed to the left side of the support shell 7. The support shell 7 is slidably connected to a sliding column 18. The left sides of the sliding column 18 and the spring pull rod 20 are both fixed to the sliding frame 17. A compression spring 19 is fixed between the porous plate 14 and the adjacent supporting shell 7, and a connecting rope is fixed between the sliding column 18 and the adjacent porous plate 14. When the sliding frame 17 drives the adjacent sliding column 18 to slide, the adjacent porous plate 14 is pulled to slide toward the side close to the central axis of the supporting shell 7 through the connecting rope. The material guide cavity 15 is composed of two eccentric frustum-shaped grooves and a columnar groove. The upper side of the columnar groove, the upper side of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove and the upper side of the adjacent heat exchange tube 8 are all located on the same horizontal plane, which is used to guide the gas in the heat exchange tube 8.

[0027] In order to facilitate the disassembly and installation of the support shell 7, please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13, you can also install: fixed frames 21 distributed in a linear array, the number of which is consistent with the number of support members 7, and all are fixed to the second fixed shell 2, the fixed frames 21 are slidably connected to the limit pins 22, a spring is fixed between the limit pins 22 and the fixed frames 21, the limit pins 22 pass through the second fixed shell 2 and limit the adjacent support members 7.

[0028] The above arrangement can achieve the following: when a heat exchange process is required, the hot fluid enters the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 through the liquid-guiding shell 3 on the left. As the hot fluid is injected, the hot fluid flows along the lower sides of the three guide grooves 10 in order from left to right until it flows into the liquid-guiding shell 3 on the right. The liquid level of the hot fluid in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 gradually rises, and the hot fluid then flows into the liquid-guiding shell 3 on the right along the three flow-guiding shells 12 in order from left to right (during the flow of the hot fluid, it will flow along the two porous plates 14 in order from left to right).

[0029] As the liquid levels in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 continue to rise and gradually fill the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the hot fluid flows out from the liquid guide shell 3 on the right and enters the hot fluid outlet pipe, and is finally discharged from the hot fluid outlet pipe. The hot fluid heats all the heat exchange tubes 8 in the process of flowing through the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. During the above process, the porous plate 14 does not block the adjacent flow guide shell 12, so that the hot fluid enters the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 in a short time before the cold fluid enters the heat exchange tube 8.

[0030] If the existing cold fluid is not supplied in time or too much liquid is supplied in a short period of time during the transportation of long heat exchange tubes, the following two typical problems will occur, both of which are related to residence time control: The cold fluid stays too long - causing unnecessary side reactions. Specifically, if the liquid supply suddenly decreases (such as pump failure or delayed valve closing), the cold fluid will stagnate in the heat exchange tube or its flow rate will be significantly reduced, resulting in a longer residence time in the heat exchange tube (if the cold fluid is a supersaturated solution or contains easily crystallized components, long-term retention will promote crystallization and reduce the flow rate of the heat exchange tube); The cold fluid does not fully participate in the reaction - the thermal efficiency decreases. Specifically, if the liquid supply suddenly increases (such as pump overpressure or rapid valve opening), the cold fluid will pass through the heat exchange tube at a high speed, resulting in the cold fluid being unable to fully absorb (or release) heat, causing the heat exchange efficiency to decrease and unable to meet the process temperature requirements.

[0031] To solve the above problems, this device adopts a segmented heat exchange tube design. When injecting cold fluid, it realizes staged heat exchange through the "stage-by-stage push flow" method: first, the cold fluid is injected into the first section of the pipeline until it is full of liquid, and it is kept for a sufficient time to complete the heat exchange in this section; then, the first section of the fluid flows to the second section under the action of the pressure difference, and the second section starts to be injected with liquid and repeats the above-mentioned residence heat exchange process. This method ensures that the fluid in each section of the heat exchange tube can fully exchange heat within the specified time, and at the same time, continuous heat exchange operation is realized through stage-by-stage push flow. Please refer to the following for details: When the hot fluid fills the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the cold fluid enters the first guide shell 5 from the right guide pipe 4. As the cold fluid is injected, the liquid level in the first guide shell 5 gradually rises, causing the cold fluid to flow through the first guide shell 5 into the adjacent heat exchange tube 8 on the left. Under the action of the gradually rising liquid level in the first guide shell 5, the cold fluid gradually floods the adjacent heat exchange tube 8 on the left. The cold fluid is transported by the heat exchange tube 8 and then enters the eccentric truncated cone groove on the right side of the adjacent guide cavity 15. As the cold fluid level gradually rises, the cold fluid enters the columnar groove in the eccentric truncated cone groove on the right side of the adjacent guide cavity 15 (in the above process When the cold fluid flows in the adjacent heat exchange tube 8, the gas in the heat exchange tube 8 is pushed out, causing the gas to enter the columnar groove of the adjacent material guide cavity 15. When the gas pressure is greater than the sum of the tension of the spring pull rod 20 (the force applied to the sliding frame 17 and the sliding plate 16) and the tension of the compression spring 19 (the force applied to the sliding column 18 through the porous plate 14 and the adjacent connecting rope), the gas squeezes the sliding plate 16 to the left, causing the gas to enter the left support shell 7 through the material guide cavity 15. During this process, the telescopic part of the spring pull rod 20 is stretched. When the gas pressure is less than the elastic force of the spring pull rod 20, the spring pull rod 20 drives the sliding plate 16 to reset).

[0032] When the pressure of the cold fluid in the cylindrical groove of the material guide cavity 15 and the heat exchange tube 8 is greater than the sum of the tension of the adjacent spring pull rod 20 and the tension of the compression spring 19, the cold fluid squeezes the sliding plate 16 to the left, and the sliding plate 16 moves to the left and pulls the spring pull rod 20 and the sliding column 18. The cold fluid then enters the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side through the cylindrical groove of the material guide cavity 15, and enters the heat exchange tube 8 of the left support shell 7 from the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side of the material guide cavity 15. The subsequent flow action of the cold fluid is consistent with the above.

[0033] During the sliding process of the sliding column 18 and the adjacent sliding frame 17, the adjacent porous plate 14 is pulled by the connecting rope to slide to the side close to the central axis of the supporting shell 7 (the adjacent compression spring 19 is squeezed during the movement of the porous plate 14). During the movement of the porous plate 14, the liquid channel 13 in the adjacent flow guide shell 12 is blocked, reducing the flow area of the hot fluid in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, and increasing the time the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, thereby increasing the time of heat conduction to the heat exchange tube 8. With the injection of cold fluid, the cold fluid eventually enters the second material guide shell 6 and flows out from the material guide tube 4 on the left. The cold fluid is subjected to heat transfer in the process of flowing through the heat exchange tube 8, thereby realizing heat exchange between the cold fluid and the hot fluid.

[0034] After the cold fluid flows through all the heat exchange tubes 8, the following conditions are present in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2: the liquid channels 13 located in the left and right guide grooves 10 are blocked, and the liquid channel 13 located in the middle upper notch 9 is also blocked, so that the hot fluid flows in a zigzag path in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, thereby increasing the time that the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0035] When the cold fluid is no longer needed for heat exchange, the supply of hot fluid is stopped and the cold fluid is replaced with clean water, so that the clean water pushes out the cold fluid in all heat exchange tubes 8 and all material guide cavities 15. After all the cold fluid is pushed out, the injection of clean water is stopped, and the overall heat exchange process of the cold fluid is completed.

[0036] When heat exchange with the cold fluid is no longer being performed, after the pressure in all heat exchange tubes 8 and all material guide cavities 15 drops to a level less than the sum of the tension of the spring pull rod 20 and the tension of the compression spring 19, the telescopic portion of the spring pull rod 20 drives the sliding frame 17 to move and reset. During the reset process of the sliding frame 17, the adjacent sliding plate 16 and the adjacent sliding column 18 are driven to reset. After the sliding plate 16 is reset, the blockage of the cylindrical groove in the adjacent material guide cavity 15 is restored (at this time, the porous plate 14 no longer blocks the adjacent liquid channel 13 under the reset action provided by the adjacent compression spring 19).

[0037] When a section of the heat exchange tube 8 needs to be replaced, the staff drains the liquid in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, then removes the liquid guide shells 3 on both sides to expose the inner sides of the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 to the outside, and then disassembles the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, and takes out the support shell 7 and the heat exchange tube 8 that need to be replaced from the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, and then puts in a new support shell 7 and heat exchange tube 8, and finally repeats the above operation in reverse to reassemble the above parts.

[0038] During the process of removing the support member 7 for maintenance or repair, the staff pulls the limit pin 22 to the front side so that the limit pin 22 squeezes the adjacent spring and releases the limit on the adjacent support member 7. After the support member 7 is removed, the staff releases the limit pin 22, and the limit pin 22 is reset by the spring. During the process of installing the support member 7 to the first fixed shell 1, the staff pulls the limit pin 22 to the front side so that the limit pin 22 squeezes the adjacent spring. Then the staff installs the support member 7 into the first fixed shell 1. At this time, the staff releases the limit pin 22 and rotates the support member 7 so that the support member 7 can be re-limited by the limit pin 22 during the rotation process, thereby completing the calibration of the installation position of the support member 7. Example 2

[0039] This embodiment discloses a segmented heat exchanger for chemical production, which is improved on the basis of Example 1.

[0040] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14 A one-way valve is provided in the sliding plate 16. When the water flows from left to right along the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the water contacts the one-way valve in the sliding plate 16 and opens the one-way valve in the sliding plate 16. Conversely, when the water flows from right to left along the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the one-way valve in the sliding plate 16 is closed.

[0041] The above setting can be realized. When routine maintenance of the device is required (routine maintenance here can be understood as daily cleaning), the staff connects the first clean water pipe to the liquid guide shell 3 on the left, and then connects the second clean water pipe to the material guide pipe 4 on the left, thereby completing the preparatory action before backwashing the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0042] After completing the preparatory actions before back-cleaning the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the second clean water pipe enters the second guide shell 6 and the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side of the adjacent guide cavity 15 from the left guide pipe 4. When the liquid level of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side of the guide cavity 15 reaches a height sufficient to open the one-way valve in the adjacent sliding plate 16, the one-way valve in the sliding plate 16 opens, causing the clean water to move to the right along the cylindrical groove of the adjacent guide cavity 15 until it moves into the heat exchange tube 8. The subsequent clean water flow process can be repeated as described above. The clean water is discharged from the right guide pipe 4 during the flow, thereby completing the back-cleaning of the above-mentioned parts (when the clean water moves to the right along the second guide shell 6, it will not trigger the sliding of the sliding plate 16, so that all liquid channels 13 are no longer blocked by the porous plate 14).

[0043] In the process of cleaning all the heat exchange tubes 8, the first clean water pipe injects clean water into the liquid guide shell 3 on the left, and the liquid guide shell 3 guides the clean water into the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. The clean water flows from left to right in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 until it is discharged from the material guide pipe 4 on the right. The above clean water flow process is consistent with the hot fluid flow process in Example 1, but the flow direction is opposite. When the clean water flows along the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, it will flow through the liquid channel 13. To this end, when backwashing the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the guide shell 12 remains unobstructed to facilitate backwashing of the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. After cleaning is completed, no more clean water is injected and the first clean water pipe and the second clean water pipe can be removed.

[0044] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production, characterized in that: include: A first fixed shell (1); The second fixed shell (2) is hinged to the first fixed shell (1), the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2) are detachably connected to a symmetrically distributed liquid guide shell (3), the liquid guide shell (3) is in communication with both the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2), the liquid guide shell (3) is fixedly connected to and in communication with a material guide pipe (4), and the symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells (3) are respectively fixedly connected to a first material guide shell (5) and a second material guide shell (6) in communication with the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2); The support shells (7) distributed in a linear array are all detachably connected between the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2), the two adjacent support shells (7) are fitted with each other, the first material guide shell (5) and the second material guide shell (6) are respectively fitted with the adjacent support shells (7), the support shells (7) are fixedly connected and connected with a plurality of heat exchange tubes (8), the upper side of the support shell (7) is provided with two upper notches (9), and the lower side of the support shell (7) is provided with two guide grooves (10).

2. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two support frames (11) are detachably connected inside the support shell (7), and the two support frames (11) are used to support adjacent heat exchange tubes (8).

3. The sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side of the guide groove (10) is arranged in an arc shape, and the diameter of the circle where the lower edge of the guide groove (10) is located is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylinder formed by the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2).

4. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two guide shells (12) are fixedly connected to one side of the support shell (7) close to the second material guide shell (6) and are respectively located in the upper notch (9) and the guide groove (10). A plurality of liquid channels (13) are provided in the guide shell (12). The liquid channels (13) are used to guide the liquid. The cross-sectional area of the guide groove (10) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the adjacent guide shell (12), and a gap is left between the guide shell (12) and the adjacent support shell (7).

5. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid channel (13) is wavy in shape and is used to increase the time the liquid exists in the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2).

6. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower sides of the support shells (7) close to the first material guide shell (5) and the second material guide shell (6) are slidably connected to the porous plates (14), and the upper sides of the remaining support shells (7) are also slidably connected to the porous plates (14). The porous plates (14) separate the adjacent guide shells (12) into two and slide along the two.

7. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 6, characterized in that: A material guide cavity (15) is provided on one side of the support shell (7) close to the second material guide shell (6); the material guide cavity (15) is connected to the adjacent heat exchange tube (8); the material guide cavity (15) is connected to the adjacent second material guide shell (6); the support shell (7) is slidably connected to a sliding plate (16) located in the material guide cavity (15); the support shell (7) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (17) located in the material guide cavity (15); the sliding frame (17) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (16).

8. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 7, characterized in that: A spring pull rod (20) is fixedly connected to the side of the support shell (7) close to the material guide chamber (15), and a sliding column (18) is slidably connected to the support shell (7). The sliding column (18) and the spring pull rod (20) are fixedly connected to the sliding frame (17) on one side close to the sliding frame (17). A compression spring (19) is fixedly connected between the porous plate (14) and the adjacent support shell (7), and a connecting rope is fixedly connected between the sliding column (18) and the adjacent porous plate (14).

9. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide cavity (15) is composed of two eccentric frustum-shaped grooves and a columnar groove. The upper side of the columnar groove, the upper side of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove and the upper side of the adjacent heat exchange tube (8) are all located on the same horizontal plane and are used to guide the gas in the heat exchange tube (8).

10. A sectional heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 9, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided in the sliding plate (16).

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