Preparation tool and preparation method of metal part defect fracture sample

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation tool and a preparation method of a metal part defect fracture sample. The preparation tool comprises a pressing block, a defect sample and a cushion block which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a first groove is formed in the center of the defective sample, and the plane where the first groove is located is opposite to the plane where the defect position of the defective sample is located; the pressing block is in contact with the surface where the defect position of the defect sample is located; a second groove with an upward opening is formed in the cushion block; and an upsetting device is arranged above the pressing block. According to the preparation tool and the preparation method, the problems of long time consumption and inaccurate fracture position in the defect sample pressing and breaking process in the prior art can be solved, the defect sample can be quickly and accurately pressed and broken by adopting the preparation tool and the preparation method, the inspection efficiency is improved, the inspection cost is reduced, and subsequent inspection on defect properties is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material defect inspection, and relates to a preparation tool and a preparation method for a metal component defect fracture specimen. Background Art

[0002] During the inspection of steel products, due to the high internal stress in the steel products and when the hydrogen content reaches a certain value, cracks will appear inside the steel products if the subsequent cooling is improper. These are commonly known as "white spots". These white spots are mostly distributed at a certain depth from the surface of the steel products, making them difficult to locate macroscopically. Ultrasonic testing is required for positioning.

[0003] However, when inspecting white spot fractures, most laboratories only perform ultrasonic testing on samples for positioning, and then blindly select specimens at the defect location and select multiple specimens for breaking. The above operations not only affect the detection efficiency but also make it difficult to accurately capture defects. Broken specimens generally cause contamination to the fracture, and there are certain limitations in production.

[0004] CN203929499U discloses a tool for fracture testing, comprising a base plate with side plates fixed to opposite sides thereof, each of which is provided with a groove opening upward. The specimen is placed in the groove, and the position of the specimen does not need to be readjusted after each compression, making the operation simple and convenient, and improving the efficiency of fracture specimen installation. Although the tool facilitates the installation of fracture specimens, breaking the specimen using the tool requires flipping the specimen multiple times before breaking it, which reduces the efficiency of fracture testing and fails to meet the experimental requirements for quickly and accurately determining the nature of defects.

[0005] Therefore, providing an efficient and accurate preparation tool and method for metal component defect fracture specimens is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation tool and preparation method for defective fracture specimens of metal parts, which can improve the problems of long time-consuming fracture process and inaccurate fracture position in the existing technology. The use of this preparation tool and preparation method can quickly and accurately fracture defective specimens, improve inspection efficiency, reduce inspection costs, and facilitate subsequent inspection of defect properties.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tool for preparing a defect fracture specimen of a metal component, the tool comprising a pressing block, a defect specimen, and a spacer placed sequentially from top to bottom;

[0009] A first groove is provided at the center of the defective sample, and the surface where the first groove is located is opposite to the surface where the defect position of the defective sample is located;

[0010] The pressing block is in contact with the surface of the defective sample where the defect position is located;

[0011] The pad is provided with a second groove opening upward;

[0012] An upsetting device is provided above the pressing block.

[0013] The preparation tool provided by the present invention can quickly and accurately break the defective sample by placing the pressing block, defective sample and pad in sequence in combination with the top forging device, thereby improving the sample preparation efficiency and accuracy of the fracture sample and facilitating the subsequent inspection of the defect properties.

[0014] It should be noted that by opening a first groove on the surface opposite to the defect position of the defective specimen, the stress distribution can be controlled by adjusting the size of the first groove, so that the stress is more concentrated at the defect position, ensuring that the fracture position is within the preset range, and avoiding excessive stress concentration or interference with the defect characteristics caused by directly opening a groove at the defect position, thereby improving the accuracy of the inspection; by making the pressure block contact with the surface of the defective specimen where the defect position is located, not only can the external force be better transmitted to the defect position, but also the response after the actual working condition can be better simulated, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the fracture specimen inspection results; by opening a second groove on the pad, it helps to concentrate the stress during the breaking process at the second groove, ensuring the integrity of the fracture specimen, and facilitating the rapid breaking of the specimen.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the width of the pressing block is greater than the width of the defective sample.

[0016] In the present invention, the width of the pressure block is controlled to be slightly larger than the width of the opening of the first groove, which can provide a stable contact surface, so that the pressure block can transfer pressure to the sample more evenly, ensure a more uniform stress distribution, avoid stress concentration, and thus improve the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0017] Preferably, the length of the pressing block is 4-5 mm, for example, it can be 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm or 4.9 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0018] Preferably, the pressing block is placed at the center of the defective specimen.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the defective sample is in the shape of a cuboid or a cylinder.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first groove is parallel to the width direction of the defective sample.

[0021] Preferably, the first groove is in an arc shape.

[0022] Preferably, the depth of the first groove is 2-3 mm, for example, it can be 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm or 2.9 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0023] Preferably, the width of the opening of the first groove is 2-3 mm, for example, it can be 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm or 2.9 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0024] It should be noted that by controlling the depth of the first groove and the width range of the opening, the stress distribution can be optimized to ensure that the fracture occurs at the defect location, which not only improves the repeatability and accuracy of fracture sample preparation, but also facilitates subsequent fracture morphology analysis.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cushion block is placed on the base of the upset forging device.

[0026] Preferably, the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove to the length of the defective sample is (0.6-0.8):1, for example, it can be 0.62:1, 0.65:1, 0.66:1, 0.68:1, 0.7:1, 0.72:1, 0.75:1, 0.76:1 or 0.78:1, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a defect fracture specimen of a metal component, the method utilizing the preparation tool described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) Locate the defect position of the metal component and then cut the defect sample;

[0029] (2) forming a first groove on the other side of the surface of the defective sample obtained in step (1) opposite to the defect position, and then quenching;

[0030] (3) The defective sample obtained in step (2) is placed on a pad with the first groove downward, and then a pressing block is placed above the defective sample, and pressure is applied to the pressing block to obtain a fracture sample.

[0031] The preparation method provided by the present invention locates the defect position of the metal part and then cuts off the defective sample, and then opens a first groove on the other side surface opposite to the defect position. After quenching, pressure is applied to quickly and accurately break the defective sample. On the basis of meeting the inspection requirements, it can not only improve the inspection efficiency, but also improve the accuracy of subsequent judgments.

[0032] It should be noted that by quenching the defective sample and then breaking it, white spots or loose defects can be more easily revealed, the defect characteristics at the fracture can be clearly observed, and the toughness of the material can be reduced, which facilitates subsequent rapid breaking processing.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the metal component includes a steel part.

[0034] Preferably, the metal component defects include white spots and / or porosity in the steel component.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the positioning method in step (1) specifically includes: locating the defect position of the metal component through ultrasonic testing and low-magnification detection.

[0036] In the present invention, ultrasonic testing and low-magnification testing are simultaneously used to locate the defect position, thereby improving the accuracy, comprehensiveness and efficiency of defect detection.

[0037] Preferably, the method of cutting out the defective sample in step (1) specifically includes: cutting out the defective sample with the defect position of the metal component as the center.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the quenching temperature in step (2) is 860-900°C, for example, it can be 865°C, 870°C, 875°C, 880°C, 885°C, 890°C or 895°C, but is not limited to the listed values. Other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0039] Preferably, the holding time for quenching in step (2) is 50-70 min, for example, it can be 52 min, 55 min, 56 min, 58 min, 60 min, 62 min, 65 min, 66 min or 68 min, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0040] It should be noted that by controlling the parameter range of quenching temperature and holding time, the white spots or loose defects can be maximized, making them easier to be discovered and identified during subsequent observations and facilitating subsequent rapid breaking.

[0041] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method of applying pressure to the pressing block in step (3) specifically includes: using a top forging device to apply pressure to the pressing block, and breaking the defective position of the defective sample by the pressing block.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] (1) The preparation tool provided by the present invention can quickly and accurately break the defective sample by placing the pressing block, defective sample and pad in sequence in combination with the upsetting device, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of fracture sample preparation and facilitating the subsequent inspection of the defect properties;

[0044] (2) The preparation tool provided by the present invention has a first groove formed on the surface of the defective sample opposite to the defective location. The stress distribution can be controlled by adjusting the size of the first groove, so that the stress is more concentrated at the defective location, ensuring that the fracture location is within a preset range. By making the pressing block contact the surface of the defective sample where the defective location is located, not only can the external force be better transmitted to the defective location, but also the response after the actual working condition can be better simulated. By forming a second groove on the pad, the stress during the fracture process is concentrated at the second groove, ensuring the integrity of the fracture sample and facilitating the rapid fracture of the sample.

[0045] (3) The preparation method provided by the present invention locates the defect position of the metal part and then cuts off the defective sample, and then opens a first groove on the other side surface opposite to the defect position. After quenching, the defective sample can be quickly and accurately broken by applying pressure using a top forging device. On the basis of meeting the inspection requirements, it can not only improve the inspection efficiency, but also improve the accuracy of subsequent judgments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool for preparing a defective fracture specimen of a steel product provided in Example 1;

[0047] Among them, 1-pressing block, 2-defective sample, 3-pad, 4-upsetting device, 21-first groove, 31-second groove, 41-base, 42-pressing head.

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the defective sample provided in step (1) of Preparation Example 1;

[0049] Among them, A-defect structure.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a photograph of the fracture specimen obtained in Preparation Example 1.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a photograph of the fracture specimen obtained in Comparative Preparation Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. However, the following examples are merely simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products, wherein the preparation tool (such as Figure 1 ) includes a pressing block 1, a defective sample 2 and a spacer 3 placed in sequence from top to bottom;

[0056] The defective sample 2 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped; a first groove 21 is provided at the center of the defective sample 2, and the surface where the first groove 21 is located is opposite to the surface where the defect position of the defective sample 2 is located; the first groove 21 is parallel to the width direction of the defective sample 2; the first groove 21 is in the shape of an arc; the depth of the first groove 21 is 2.5 mm, and the width at the opening is 2.5 mm;

[0057] The pressing block 1 is in contact with the surface of the defective sample 2 where the defect is located; the pressing block 1 is placed at the center of the defective sample 2; a pressing head 42 of an upsetting device is provided above the pressing block 1; the width of the pressing block 1 is greater than the width of the defective sample 2; and the length of the pressing block 1 is 4.5 mm.

[0058] The cushion block 3 is placed on the base 41 of the upset forging device; a second groove 31 opening upward is provided on the cushion block 3; the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove 31 to the length of the defective sample 2 is 0.7:1.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing a defective fracture specimen of a steel product, the tool comprising a pressing block, a defective specimen, and a spacer placed sequentially from top to bottom;

[0061] The defective sample is cylindrical; a first groove is provided at the center of the defective sample, and the surface where the first groove is located is opposite to the surface where the defect position of the defective sample is located; the first groove is parallel to the width direction of the defective sample; the first groove is in an arc shape; the depth of the first groove is 2 mm and the width at the opening is 3 mm;

[0062] The pressing block is in contact with the surface of the defective sample where the defect is located; the pressing block is placed at the center of the defective sample; a pressing head of an upsetting device is provided above the pressing block; the width of the pressing block is greater than the width of the defective sample; and the length of the pressing block is 5 mm;

[0063] The cushion block is placed on the base of the upset forging device; a second groove opening upward is provided on the cushion block; the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove to the length of the defective sample is 0.8:1.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing a defective fracture specimen of a steel product, the tool comprising a pressing block, a defective specimen, and a spacer placed sequentially from top to bottom;

[0066] The defective specimen is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped; a first groove is provided at the center of the defective specimen, and the surface where the first groove is located is arranged opposite to the surface where the defect position of the defective specimen is located; the first groove is parallel to the width direction of the defective specimen; the first groove is in the shape of an arc; the depth of the first groove is 3 mm and the width at the opening is 2 mm;

[0067] The pressing block is in contact with the surface of the defective sample where the defect is located; the pressing block is placed at the center of the defective sample; a pressing head of an upset forging device is provided above the pressing block; the width of the pressing block is greater than the width of the defective sample; and the length of the pressing block is 4 mm;

[0068] The cushion block is placed on the base of the upset forging device; a second groove opening upward is provided on the cushion block; the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove to the length of the defective sample is 0.6:1.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the depth of the first groove is 1 mm, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the depth of the first groove is 5 mm, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0073] Example 6

[0074] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the width of the opening of the first groove is 1 mm, other conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0075] Example 7

[0076] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the width of the opening of the first groove is 5 mm, other conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0077] Example 8

[0078] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the width of the pressing block is greater than the width of the defective specimen, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0079] Example 9

[0080] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove to the length of the defective specimen is 0.5:1, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0081] Example 10

[0082] This embodiment provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove to the length of the defective specimen is 0.9:1, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] This comparative example provides a tool for preparing a defective fracture specimen of a steel product. Except that the center of the defective specimen is not provided with a first groove, other conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] This comparative example provides a tool for preparing defective fracture specimens of steel products. Except that the pressing block is in contact with the surface where the first groove is located, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0087] Preparation Example 1

[0088] This preparation example provides a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect, the preparation method using the preparation tool provided in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0089] (1) The defect position of the steel product is located by ultrasonic testing and low-magnification testing, and then the defective sample (such as Figure 2shown);

[0090] (2) a first groove is formed on the other side of the defective sample obtained in step (1) opposite to the defect position, and then the sample is quenched at a temperature of 880° C. and kept at this temperature for 60 minutes;

[0091] (3) The defective sample obtained in step (2) is placed on a pad with the first groove facing downward, and then a pressing block is placed above the defective sample. A top forging device is used to apply pressure to the pressing block, and the defect position of the defective sample is broken by the pressing block to obtain a fracture sample.

[0092] Preparation Example 2

[0093] This preparation example provides a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. The preparation method uses the preparation tool provided in Example 2. Except for step (2) in which quenching is performed at a temperature of 900°C and holding the temperature for 50 minutes, other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0094] Preparation Example 3

[0095] This preparation example provides a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. The preparation method uses the preparation tool provided in Example 3. Except for step (2) in which quenching is performed at a temperature of 860°C and the temperature is kept for 70 minutes, other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0096] Preparation Example 4-10

[0097] Preparation Examples 4-10 provide a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. Except for using the preparation tools provided in Examples 4-10, other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0098] Preparation Example 11

[0099] This preparation example provides a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. Except that the quenching temperature in step (2) is 800°C, other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0100] Preparation Example 12

[0101] This preparation example provides a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. Except that the quenching temperature in step (2) is 950° C., other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0102] Comparative Preparation Example 1-2

[0103] Comparative Preparation Examples 1-2 provide a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. Except for using the preparation tools provided in Comparative Examples 1-2, other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Preparation Example 3

[0105] This comparative preparation example provides a method for preparing a fracture specimen of a steel product defect. Except that quenching is not performed in step (2), other conditions are the same as those in Preparation Example 1.

[0106] The morphology of the fracture of the above preparation examples and the comparative preparation examples was observed with the naked eye, a microscope or a magnifying glass. The above results and reasons are shown in Table 1 and Figure 3-4 shown.

[0107] Table 1

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for preparing defect fracture specimens of metal parts, characterized in that: The preparation tool comprises a pressing block, a defective sample and a spacer placed in sequence from top to bottom; A first groove is provided at the center of the defective sample, and the surface where the first groove is located is opposite to the surface where the defect position of the defective sample is located; The pressing block is in contact with the surface of the defective sample where the defect position is located; The pad is provided with a second groove opening upward; An upsetting device is provided above the pressing block.

2. The preparation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The width of the pressing block is greater than the width of the defective sample; Preferably, the length of the pressing block is 4-5 mm; Preferably, the pressing block is placed at the center of the defective specimen.

3. The preparation tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The defective sample is in the shape of a cuboid or a cylinder.

4. The preparation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first groove is parallel to the width direction of the defective sample; Preferably, the first groove is in an arc shape; Preferably, the depth of the first groove is 2-3 mm; Preferably, the width of the opening of the first groove is 2-3 mm.

5. The preparation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cushion block is placed on the base of the upset forging device; Preferably, the ratio of the width of the opening of the second groove to the length of the defective sample is (0.6-0.8):

1.

6. A method for preparing a defect fracture specimen of a metal component, characterized in that: The preparation method uses the preparation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: (1) Locate the defect position of the metal component and then cut the defect sample; (2) forming a first groove on the other side of the surface of the defective sample obtained in step (1) opposite to the defect position, and then quenching; (3) The defective sample obtained in step (2) is placed on a pad with the first groove downward, and then a pressing block is placed above the defective sample, and pressure is applied to the pressing block to obtain a fracture sample.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that The metal parts include steel parts; Preferably, the metal component defects include white spots and / or porosity in the steel component.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The positioning method in step (1) specifically includes: locating the defect position of the metal component by ultrasonic testing and low-magnification testing; Preferably, the method of cutting out the defective sample in step (1) specifically includes: cutting out the defective sample with the defect position of the metal component as the center.

9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The quenching temperature in step (2) is 860-900°C; Preferably, the holding time of the quenching in step (2) is 50-70 minutes.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The method of applying pressure to the pressing block in step (3) specifically includes: using a top forging device to apply pressure to the pressing block, and breaking the defective position of the defective sample by the pressing block.

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