A root system installation and positioning device and method for a root-soil mixture shear test

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of root-soil mixture shear test, and discloses a root system installation and positioning device and method for a root-soil mixture shear test, comprising a mounting frame, a shear box being provided inside the mounting frame, an adding mechanism being provided on the top of the mounting frame, a height adjustment mechanism being provided on the outside of the adding mechanism, a connecting mechanism being provided on the inside of the height adjustment mechanism, the adding mechanism being capable of increasing the number of connecting mechanisms, the height adjustment mechanism being capable of installing connecting mechanisms and adjusting the distance from the bottom of the connecting mechanism to the bottom of the shear box, a root system fixing mechanism being provided on the bottom of the connecting mechanism, and the root system fixing mechanism being capable of installing roots. By providing the adding mechanism, the height adjustment mechanism, the connecting mechanism, and the root system fixing mechanism can be easily added to the original device, the number and position of the installed and positioned roots can be adjusted at will, and the scope of use of the device can be expanded, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of root-soil mixture shear test, and in particular to a root system installation and positioning device and method for a root-soil mixture shear test. Background Art

[0002] The root-soil mixture shear test is a test method for studying the shear strength of plant root-soil complexes. It is used to analyze the enhancing effect of roots on soil mechanical properties and is commonly used in ecological engineering, slope stability, soil and water conservation and other fields. It is used to evaluate the effect of roots on soil shear strength and study the effects of different factors on the strength of root-soil mixtures, such as root characteristics (sealing, length, diameter, distribution direction), soil type (clay, sand, etc.), water content, compaction and other environmental conditions, to provide data support for projects such as ecological slope protection and prevention of shallow landslides.

[0003] Shear tests simulate the shear failure process of soil under natural or load conditions, compare the shear strength parameters of soil with and without roots, and analyze the reinforcing effect of roots. This test can quantitatively reveal the contribution of plant roots to the shear resistance of soil, providing a scientific basis for solutions that combine nature and engineering.

[0004] During root-soil shear tests, the root mounting and positioning device is used to precisely secure and position plant roots, ensuring reliable test data. Mechanical structures such as slots and clamps control the root system's spatial position, distribution density, and growth direction, simulating the natural root-soil relationship and preventing root slippage during shear.

[0005] When the root installation and positioning device for the root-soil mixture shear test in the prior art is used to install and position the roots, it is inconvenient to increase the number of devices. When multiple root systems are required for testing, a root installation and positioning device with multiple root clamping numbers is selected. It is inconvenient to add a structure that can clamp the roots to the original device, so it has limitations in use, which reduces the practicality of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a root installation and positioning device and method for a root-soil mixture shear test, which solves the problem that the root installation and positioning device in the existing technology is inconvenient to add a structure that can clamp the roots to the original device, thereby reducing the practicality of the device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a root system installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test, comprising a mounting frame, a shear box is arranged inside the mounting frame, an adding mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting frame, a height adjustment mechanism is arranged outside the adding mechanism, a connecting mechanism is arranged inside the height adjustment mechanism, the adding mechanism can increase the number of connecting mechanisms, the height adjustment mechanism can install the connecting mechanism and adjust the distance from the bottom of the connecting mechanism to the bottom of the shear box, a root fixing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the connecting mechanism, the root fixing mechanism can install roots, and the shear box is a multi-layer design, and a ball bearing is arranged between every two layers.

[0008] Preferably, the adding mechanism includes two fixing plates, the outer portions of the two fixing plates are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the mounting frame respectively, a placement slot is provided inside the fixing plate, an insertion slot is provided on the top of the fixing plate, a plurality of positioning teeth are fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the placement slot, a mounting block is provided inside the placement slot, a mounting slot is provided inside the mounting block, a tightening spring is provided inside the mounting slot, the inner sliding connection of the mounting slot is connected to a limit plate, the top of the limit plate is fixedly connected to a connecting column, the top of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the tightening plate, a sliding rod is detachably connected between the two mounting blocks, a sliding limiting slot is provided inside the sliding rod, a sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer side of the sliding sleeve, and the inner side of the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding limiting slot.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a mounting rod, a mounting groove is provided inside the mounting rod, the internal sliding connection of the mounting groove is connected to a limiting sleeve, the middle of the limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to a driving rod, a return spring is provided inside the mounting groove, the top of the driving rod is fixedly connected to a pressing handle, the external top end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to a lever handle, the driving rod is slidingly connected to the inside of the mounting rod, the outside of the mounting rod is rotatably connected to an adjusting disk, a plurality of threaded holes are provided inside the adjusting disk, and a plurality of hollow screws are threadedly connected to the internal parts of the threaded holes.

[0010] Preferably, the root fixing mechanism includes a mounting ring, the top of the mounting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting rod, the middle of the mounting ring is slidably connected to a sliding column, the bottom of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a mounting tube, a tension spring is provided inside the mounting tube, a plurality of mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting tube, the inside of the mounting bracket is rotatably connected to a movable claw, the outside of the mounting ring is rotatably connected to a push-pull rod, the bottom end of the push-pull rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable claw, the sliding column is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting rod, and the outside of the mounting tube is fixedly connected to a fiber optic Bragg grating sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the height adjustment mechanism includes a fixed frame, the outer side of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve, the interior of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to a stabilizing sleeve, the mounting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the stabilizing sleeve, the inner side of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a clamping wheel, the outer side of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to a fixing cylinder, a pushing spring is provided inside the fixing cylinder, the interior of the fixing cylinder is slidably connected to a limiting circular plate, the side of the limiting circular plate close to the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the end of the connecting rod close to the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a clamping plate, the end of the limiting circular plate away from the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a driving column, one side of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to a tooth plate, and the clamping wheel is clamped with the tooth plate.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the retaining spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting groove, and the other end of the retaining spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting plate.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting sleeve, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the receiving groove.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting ring, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the mounting tube.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the driving column away from the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a pull handle, one end of the push spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder, and the other end of the push spring is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting circular plate away from the clamping wheel.

[0016] A root system installation and positioning method for a root-soil mixture shear test includes the following methods:

[0017] Step 1: Determine the number of roots required for the test, and add the number of height adjustment mechanisms by adding mechanisms, that is, adding the number of connecting mechanisms;

[0018] Step 2: The root system is installed by using the connection mechanism and the root system fixing mechanism. At the same time, the longitudinal position of the root system is changed by changing the longitudinal position of the height adjustment mechanism of the adding mechanism, and the transverse position of the root system is changed by the position of the height adjustment mechanism on the adding mechanism, thereby achieving the positioning of the root system.

[0019] Step 3: After the root system is positioned in step 2, add soil to the inside of the shear box. After the roots initially enter the soil, release the root fixing mechanism from fixing the roots. After release, add soil to the inside of the shear box until the roots are completely located in the soil.

[0020] The present invention provides a root installation and positioning device and method for a root-soil mixture shear test. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention can easily add a height adjustment mechanism, a connection mechanism and a root fixing mechanism to the original device through the setting of the addition mechanism, so that the number and position of the installed and positioned roots can be adjusted at will, thereby expanding the scope of use of the device and improving the practicality of the device.

[0022] 2. The present invention can easily install and fix the roots through the setting of the connecting mechanism and the root fixing mechanism, and conveniently loosen the roots, which is convenient to operate, saves time and effort, and thus improves the efficiency of root clamping and fixing, thereby further improving the efficiency of the root-soil mixture shear test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a fixing plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the root system installation and positioning device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the root fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting tube of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the height adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shear box of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1. Mounting frame; 2. Shear box; 3. Adding mechanism; 301. Fixing plate; 302. Placement slot; 303. Placement slot; 304. Positioning tooth; 305. Mounting block; 306. Mounting slot; 307. Clamping spring; 308. Limiting plate; 309. Connecting column; 310. Clamping plate; 311. Sliding rod; 312. Sliding limiting slot; 313. Sliding sleeve; 4. Connecting mechanism; 401. Mounting rod; 402. Leverage handle; 403. Receiving slot; 404. Limiting sleeve; 405. Driving rod; 406. Return spring; 407. Press Handle; 5. Root fixing mechanism; 501. Mounting ring; 502. Sliding column; 503. Mounting cylinder; 504. Tension spring; 505. Mounting frame; 506. Movable claw; 507. Push-pull rod; 508. Fiber Bragg grating sensor; 6. Height adjustment mechanism; 601. Fixing frame; 602. Stabilizing sleeve; 603. Clamping wheel; 604. Fixing cylinder; 605. Push spring; 606. Limiting circular plate; 607. Connecting rod; 608. Clamping plate; 609. Driving column; 610. Tooth plate; 611. Pull handle; 7. Adjusting disk; 8. Threaded hole; 9. Hollow screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a root installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test, comprising a mounting frame 1, a shear box 2 being arranged inside the mounting frame 1, the shear box 2 adopts a multi-layer structure, and each layer is installed with a micro pressure sensor, which is convenient for driving the dislocation between the multi-layer structures when a horizontal load is applied, generating multiple shear surfaces, and monitoring the shear force distribution of each layer. This is a prior art and will not be elaborated on here. An adding mechanism 3 is provided on the top of the mounting frame 1, a height adjustment mechanism 6 is provided on the outside of the adding mechanism 3, a connecting mechanism 4 is provided inside the height adjustment mechanism 6, the adding mechanism 3 can add the number of connecting mechanisms 4, the height adjustment mechanism 6 can install the connecting mechanism 4 and adjust the distance from the bottom of the connecting mechanism 4 to the bottom of the shear box 2, a root fixing mechanism 5 is provided at the bottom of the connecting mechanism 4, and the root fixing mechanism 5 can install the root system.

[0035] The adding mechanism 3 includes two fixing plates 301, which can provide installation positions. The outsides of the two fixing plates 301 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the interior of the installation frame 1 respectively. A placement groove 302 is provided inside the fixing plate 301. The placement groove 302 can provide installation space and sliding space. A placement groove 303 is provided on the top of the fixing plate 301. A plurality of positioning teeth 304 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the placement groove 302. A mounting block 305 is provided inside the placement groove 302. The placement groove 303 can facilitate the placement of the mounting block 305 into the interior of the placement groove 302. The positioning teeth 304 can engage with the bottom of the mounting block 305. The mounting block 305 has a mounting groove 303 inside. The mounting groove 306 provides an installation space, and a tightening spring 307 is arranged inside the mounting groove 306. The internal sliding connection of the mounting groove 306 is connected to the limiting plate 308, and the limiting plate 308 has a limiting function. The top of the limiting plate 308 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 309, and the connecting column 309 has a connecting function. The top of the connecting column 309 is fixedly connected to the tightening plate 310, and the tightening spring 307 can give the limiting plate 308, the connecting column 309 and the tightening plate 310 an upward force, so that the tightening plate 310, the connecting column 309 and the limiting plate 308 can be used to exert a reverse force, so that the bottom of the mounting block 305 can be engaged with the positioning tooth 304. The two mounting blocks 305 are detachably connected with a sliding rod 311, and the sliding rod 311 provides a mounting position. The sliding rod 311 is provided with a sliding limit groove 312 inside the sliding rod 311, and the sliding sleeve 313 is slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rod 311. At the same time, there is a protrusion on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 313, which can slide inside the sliding limit groove 312, so that it can be stable when sliding on the sliding rod 311. However, since the sliding rod 311 is detachably connected to the mounting block 305, and the detachable connection can be snap-fit, the slider groove can be matched, or it can be a threaded connection, the present invention adopts a threaded connection to install the mounting block 305 at the end of the sliding rod 311, so that the sliding rod 311 can rotate between the two mounting blocks 305, and then can have a ±15° inclination, which can simulate the non-vertical distribution state of the natural root system.The inner side of the sliding sleeve 313 is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding limit groove 312, one end of the tightening spring 307 is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting groove 306, and the other end of the tightening spring 307 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit plate 308. When multiple root systems need to be added for installation and positioning, the mounting block 305 needs to be placed into the inside of the placement groove 302 through the placement groove 303, and then the sliding rod 311 installed between the two mounting blocks 305 can be placed between the two fixed plates 301. After the mounting block 305 is placed into the inside of the placement groove 302, the engagement between the bottom of the mounting block 305 and the positioning tooth 304 is released. At this time, the sliding rod 311 is pulled upward, which can drive the mounting block 305 to move upward. When the locking plate 305 is unlocked, the locking plate 308 is unlocked and the locking plate 309 is unlocked, and the locking plate 309 is unlocked, so that the locking plate 305 can be unlocked. When the height adjustment mechanism 6 needs to be installed on the sliding rod 311, the sliding rod 311 is rotated to unscrew the sliding rod 311 from the mounting block 305. At this time, the sliding sleeve 313 is slid into the outside of the sliding rod 311, so that the height adjustment mechanism 6 can be installed on the sliding rod 311, and then the number of horizontal height adjustment mechanisms 6 and connecting mechanisms 4 can be increased, which can facilitate the addition and installation positioning of the root system.

[0036] The connecting mechanism 4 includes a mounting rod 401, which can provide a mounting position. A receiving groove 403 is provided inside the mounting rod 401, which provides an installation space. The internal sliding connection of the receiving groove 403 is connected to a limiting sleeve 404, which has a limiting function. The middle of the limiting sleeve 404 is fixedly connected to a driving rod 405, which drives the root fixing mechanism 5 to open or close the clamping. A return spring 406 is provided inside the mounting groove 403, which can drive the limiting sleeve 404 to reset, thereby driving the driving rod 405 to reset. The top of the driving rod 405 is fixedly connected to a pressing handle 407, which is convenient for users to press. The external top of the mounting rod 401 is fixedly connected to a lever handle 402, and the driving rod 405 is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting rod 401. The external rotation of the mounting rod 401 is connected to the adjusting disk 7. The adjusting disk 7 can provide an installation position. A plurality of threaded holes 8 are provided inside the adjusting disk 7. A plurality of hollow screws 9 are connected to the internal threads of the threaded holes 8. The number of hollow bolts can be increased according to the number of secondary roots. A fiber grating sensor is embedded on the outside of the hollow screw 9 to monitor the strain distribution of the root system when it is sheared, so as to construct a "root strain-soil stress" coupling database and provide microscopic data support for the root reinforcement theory. When constraining the secondary roots, the wire is first folded in half, and then the folded wire is inserted into the interior of the hollow screw 9 and passed through the bottom of the hollow screw 9. The secondary root is passed through the folded part of the wire and the wire is lifted upward, and then the wire can be tightly attached to the bottom of the hollow screw 9. At this time, the constraint of the secondary root is completed. After the soil is covered, the wire can be pulled out. One end of the return spring 406 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit sleeve 404, and the other end of the return spring 406 is fixedly connected to the inside of the receiving groove 403.

[0037] The root fixing mechanism 5 includes a mounting ring 501, which can provide a mounting position. The top of the mounting ring 501 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting rod 401. The middle of the mounting ring 501 is slidably connected to a sliding column 502. The sliding column 502 can provide a mounting position and drive the root fixing mechanism 5 to open. The bottom of the sliding column 502 is fixedly connected to a mounting cylinder 503. The mounting cylinder 503 provides a mounting position. A tension spring 504 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 503. The tension spring 504 can pull the mounting cylinder 503 to reset. The outside of the mounting cylinder 503 is fixedly connected to multiple mounting brackets 505. The mounting brackets 505 can provide The installation position, the internal rotation of the mounting frame 505 is connected to the movable claw 506, which can clamp the root system when closed, the external rotation of the mounting ring 501 is connected to the push-pull rod 507, the bottom end of the push-pull rod 507 is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable claw 506, the sliding column 502 is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting rod 401, the outside of the mounting tube 503 is fixedly connected to the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 508, the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 508 can monitor the strain distribution of the root system when it is sheared, one end of the tension spring 504 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting ring 501, and the other end of the tension spring 504 is fixedly connected to the internal bottom end of the mounting tube 503. When the root system needs to be installed, the pressing handle 407 needs to be pressed downwards, which can then drive the driving rod 405 to move downwards, and can drive the limiting sleeve 404 to move downwards, thereby compressing the return spring 406. When the driving rod 405 moves downwards, the sliding column 502 can be squeezed downwards, and then the installation cylinder 503 can be driven downwards, and then the installation frame 505 can be driven downwards. At this time, under the pull of the push-pull rod 507, the movable claws 506 can be opened, and the main root of the root system can be placed between the multiple movable claws 506. At this time, the pressing handle 407 is released, and the pressing handle 407 is released. After being released, the limit sleeve 404 can be driven to move upward under the push of the reset spring 406, and then the driving rod 405 can be pushed to reset. At this time, the driving rod 405 no longer rests on the top of the sliding column 502, so the installation tube 503 is pulled upward under the action of the tension spring 504, and then the sliding column 502 can be pulled upward, and the mounting frame 505 can be moved upward, and then the bottom of the movable claw 506 can be moved toward the middle under the push of the push-pull rod 507, and then the main root of the root system can be clamped between the bottoms of multiple movable claws 506, thereby playing the role of installing the root system.

[0038] The height adjustment mechanism 6 includes a fixed frame 601, which can provide an installation position. The outer side of the fixed frame 601 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding sleeve 313, and the interior of the fixed frame 601 is fixedly connected to a stabilizing sleeve 602, which can install the mounting rod 401 inside it, and the mounting rod 401 is slidably connected to the interior of the stabilizing sleeve 602. The inner side of the fixed frame 601 is rotatably connected to a card wheel 603, and the outer side of the fixed frame 601 is fixedly connected to a fixed cylinder 604, and the fixed cylinder 604 provides an installation position. A push spring 605 is provided inside the fixed cylinder 604, and the interior of the fixed cylinder 604 is slidably connected to a limiting circular plate 606, which has a limiting function. The side of the limiting circular plate 606 close to the sliding sleeve 313 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 607, and the connecting rod 607 has a connecting function. The end of the connecting rod 607 close to the sliding sleeve 313 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 608, and the limiting circular plate 606 is away from the connecting rod One end of the rod 607 is fixedly connected to a driving column 609, and one side of the mounting rod 401 is fixedly connected to a toothed plate 610. The toothed plate 610 cooperates with the card wheel 603 to lock the mounting rod 401 under the restriction of the locking plate 608 to prevent the mounting rod 401 from sliding down. The card wheel 603 is engaged with the toothed plate 610, and the driving column 609 is fixedly connected to the end away from the connecting rod 607 with a pull handle 611. One end of the push spring 605 is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 604, pushing the spring The other end of 605 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting circular plate 606 away from the clamping wheel 603. When adjusting the height of the root system inside the shear box 2, the pull handle 611 is pulled in the direction away from the mounting rod 401, thereby driving the driving column 609, the limiting circular plate 606, the connecting rod 607 and the clamping plate 608 to move in the direction away from the stabilizing sleeve 602. At this time, the clamping plate 608 is released from the clamping wheel 603, and the clamping wheel 603 can be rotated. If the height of the root system inside the shear box 2 is adjusted manually, it is necessary to pull the connecting mechanism 4 upward or downward, which can then drive the tooth plate 610 to move upward or downward, and can drive the clamping wheel 603 to rotate. When the connecting mechanism 4 moves upward or downward, the root system can be adjusted to move upward or downward inside the shear box 2 to achieve the adjustment of the root height. If it is done automatically, a power unit, such as a hydraulic cylinder, can be integrated at the external top of the connecting mechanism 4 to automatically drive the connecting mechanism 4 to move upward or downward. Since the power unit has a large power, the connecting mechanism 4 can drive the tooth plate 610 to move upward or downward under the action of the power unit, and then can drive the clamping wheel 603 to rotate. In the decomposition of force, there is a force toward the fixed cylinder 604, which can push the clamping plate 608 to move toward the direction of the fixed cylinder 604, further driving the root system to move upward or downward.

[0039] A root system installation and positioning method for a root-soil mixture shear test includes the following methods:

[0040] Step 1: Determine the number of roots required for the test, and add the number of height adjustment mechanisms 6 by adding mechanisms 3, that is, add the number of connecting mechanisms 4;

[0041] Step 2: The roots are installed by using the connection mechanism 4 and the root fixing mechanism 5. At the same time, the longitudinal position of the roots is changed by changing the longitudinal position of the height adjustment mechanism 6 of the adding mechanism 3, and the transverse position of the roots is changed by the position of the height adjustment mechanism 6 on the adding mechanism 3, thereby achieving the positioning of the roots.

[0042] Step 3: After the root system is positioned in step 2, add soil to the inside of the shear box 2. After the roots initially enter the soil, release the root fixing mechanism 5 from fixing the roots. After release, add soil to the inside of the shear box 2 until the roots are completely located in the soil.

[0043] When the locking plate 310 is pressed against the top of the positioning groove 302, the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the top of the positioning groove 302. When the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308. The locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308. The locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308. The locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308. The locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308. The locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308, and the locking plate 310 is pressed against the locking plate 308. When the cam 311 is in the unlocked position, the locking cam 304 is released and the locking cam 305 is in the unlocked position, thereby locking the cam 305 and the locking cam 306.

[0044] When the root system needs to be installed, the pressing handle 407 needs to be pressed downwards, which can then drive the driving rod 405 to move downwards, and can drive the limiting sleeve 404 to move downwards, thereby compressing the return spring 406. When the driving rod 405 moves downwards, the sliding column 502 can be squeezed downwards, and then the installation cylinder 503 can be driven downwards, and then the installation frame 505 can be driven downwards. At this time, under the pull of the push-pull rod 507, the movable claws 506 can be opened, and the main root of the root system can be placed between the multiple movable claws 506. At this time, the pressing handle 407 is released, and the pressing handle 407 is released. After being released, the limit sleeve 404 can be driven to move upward under the push of the return spring 406, and then the driving rod 405 can be pushed to reset. At this time, the driving rod 405 no longer rests on the top of the sliding column 502, so that the installation cylinder 503 is pulled upward under the action of the tension spring 504, and then the sliding column 502 can be pulled upward, and the installation frame 505 can be moved upward. Then, under the push of the push-pull rod 507, the bottom of the movable claw 506 can be moved toward the middle, and then the root system taproot can be clamped between the bottoms of the multiple movable claws 506, thereby achieving the function of installing the root system;

[0045] When adjusting the height of the root system inside the shear box 2, pull the handle 611 in the direction away from the mounting rod 401, thereby driving the driving column 609, the limiting circular plate 606, the connecting rod 607 and the locking plate 608 to move in the direction away from the stabilizing sleeve 602. At this time, the locking plate 608 is released from the locking wheel 603, and the locking wheel 603 can be rotated. If the height of the root system inside the shear box 2 is manually adjusted, it is necessary to pull the connecting mechanism 4 upward or downward, which can then drive the tooth plate 610 to move upward or downward, and can drive the locking wheel 603 to rotate. When the connecting mechanism 4 moves upward or downward, the root system can be adjusted. The root height can be adjusted by moving upward or downward inside the shear box 2. If it is done automatically, a power unit, such as a hydraulic cylinder, can be integrated at the external top of the connecting mechanism 4 to automatically drive the connecting mechanism 4 to move upward or downward. Since the power unit has a large power, and the teeth of the engaging plate 608 and the engaging wheel 603 are uniformly curved, the connecting mechanism 4 can drive the tooth plate 610 to move upward or downward under the action of the power unit, and the engaging wheel 603 can be driven to rotate. In the decomposition of force, there is a force toward the fixed cylinder 604, which can push the engaging plate 608 to move toward the fixed cylinder 604, further driving the root system to move upward or downward.

[0046] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A root system installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: The installation frame (1) is provided with a shear box (2) inside, the installation frame (1) is provided with an adding mechanism (3) on the top, the adding mechanism (3) is provided with a height adjustment mechanism (6) outside, the height adjustment mechanism (6) is provided with a connecting mechanism (4) inside, the adding mechanism (3) is capable of increasing the number of connecting mechanisms (4), the height adjustment mechanism (6) is capable of installing the connecting mechanism (4) and adjusting the distance from the bottom of the connecting mechanism (4) to the bottom of the shear box (2), the bottom of the connecting mechanism (4) is provided with a root fixing mechanism (5), the root fixing mechanism (5) is capable of installing roots, the shear box (2) is designed as a multi-layer structure, and a ball bearing is provided between each two layers, the adding mechanism (3) comprises two fixing plates (301), the exteriors of the two fixing plates (301) are fixedly connected to the interior sides of the installation frame (1), the interior of the fixing plates (301) is provided with a placement groove (302), the top of the fixing plates (301) is provided with a placement groove (303), the interior bottom of the placement groove (302) is fixedly connected with a plurality of positioning teeth (304), the interior of the placement groove (302) is provided with a mounting block (305), the interior of the mounting block (305) is provided with a mounting groove (306), the interior of the mounting groove (306) is provided with a pressing spring (307), the interior of the mounting groove (306) is slidably connected with a limiting plate (308), the limiting plate (308) is provided with a fixing spring (307), the fixing plate (308) is provided with a fixing spring (307), the fixing plate (308) is provided with a fixing spring (307), the fixing plate (308) is provided with a fixing spring (307), the fixing plate (308) is provided with a fixing spring (307), the fixing plate (308) is provided with a fixing spring (307), the fixing plate (308) is fixedly connected with the fixing plate (308 ... The top of the plate (308) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (309), and the top of the connecting column (309) is fixedly connected to a pressing plate (310). A sliding rod (311) is detachably connected between the two mounting blocks (305). A sliding limit groove (312) is provided inside the sliding rod (311). A sliding sleeve (313) is slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rod (311). The inner side of the sliding sleeve (313) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding limit groove (312). The connecting mechanism (4) includes a mounting rod (401). A receiving groove (403) is provided inside the mounting rod (401). The inner side of the receiving groove (403) is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve (404). The middle part of the limiting sleeve (404) is fixedly connected to a driving rod (405), a return spring (406) is provided inside the receiving groove (403), a pressing handle (407) is fixedly connected to the top of the driving rod (405), a lever handle (402) is fixedly connected to the top of the outside of the mounting rod (401), the driving rod (405) is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting rod (401), the outside of the mounting rod (401) is rotatably connected to an adjusting disk (7), a plurality of threaded holes (8) are provided inside the adjusting disk (7), a plurality of hollow screws (9) are threadedly connected to the inside of the threaded holes (8), and the height adjustment mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve (313).

2. The root system installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root system fixing mechanism (5) includes a mounting ring (501), the top of the mounting ring (501) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting rod (401), the middle of the mounting ring (501) is slidably connected to a sliding column (502), the bottom of the sliding column (502) is fixedly connected to a mounting cylinder (503), a tension spring (504) is provided inside the mounting cylinder (503), the outside of the mounting cylinder (503) is fixedly connected to a plurality of mounting frames (505), the inside of the mounting frames (505) is rotatably connected to a movable claw (506), the outside of the mounting ring (501) is rotatably connected to a push-pull rod (507), the bottom end of the push-pull rod (507) is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable claw (506), the sliding column (502) is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting rod (401), and the outside of the mounting cylinder (503) is fixedly connected to a fiber optic Bragg grating sensor (508).

3. The root installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism (6) comprises a fixed frame (601), the outer side of the fixed frame (601) is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve (313), the interior of the fixed frame (601) is fixedly connected to a stabilizing sleeve (602), the mounting rod (401) is slidably connected to the interior of the stabilizing sleeve (602), the inner side of the fixed frame (601) is rotatably connected to a clamping wheel (603), the outer side of the fixed frame (601) is fixedly connected to a fixing cylinder (604), and a pushing spring (605) is provided inside the fixing cylinder (604). The fixed cylinder (604) is internally slidably connected to a limiting circular plate (606); a connecting rod (607) is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting circular plate (606) close to the sliding sleeve (313); a clamping plate (608) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (607) close to the sliding sleeve (313); a driving column (609) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting circular plate (606) away from the connecting rod (607); a tooth plate (610) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting rod (401); and the clamping wheel (603) is clamped with the tooth plate (610).

4. The root installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the holding spring (307) is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting groove (306), and the other end of the holding spring (307) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting plate (308).

5. The root installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the return spring (406) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting sleeve (404), and the other end of the return spring (406) is fixedly connected to the inside of the receiving groove (403).

6. The root system installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the tension spring (504) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting ring (501), and the other end of the tension spring (504) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the mounting tube (503).

7. The root system installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the driving column (609) away from the connecting rod (607) is fixedly connected to a pull handle (611), one end of the pushing spring (605) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder (604), and the other end of the pushing spring (605) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting circular plate (606) away from the clamping wheel (603).

8. A root system installation and positioning method for a root-soil mixture shear test, according to a root system installation and positioning device for a root-soil mixture shear test according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: This includes the following methods: Step 1: Determine the number of roots required for the test, and add the number of height adjustment mechanisms (6) by adding the mechanism (3), that is, add the number of connecting mechanisms (4); Step 2: The root system is installed by using the connection mechanism (4) and the root system fixing mechanism (5) in conjunction with each other, and the longitudinal position of the root system is changed by changing the longitudinal position of the height adjustment mechanism (6) of the adding mechanism (3), and the transverse position of the root system is changed by the position of the height adjustment mechanism (6) on the adding mechanism (3), thereby achieving the positioning of the root system; Step 3: After the root system is positioned in step 2, soil is added to the interior of the shear box (2). After the root system initially enters the soil, the root system fixing mechanism (5) is released from fixing the root system. After release, soil is added to the interior of the shear box (2) until the root system is completely located in the soil.

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