Intelligent treatment system and method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas

Abstract

According to the intelligent treatment system and method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, a pyrolysis furnace, a cyclone dust collector, a metal dust collector, a washing tower, a draught fan and a TO furnace are sequentially connected, a nitrogen injection device is connected with the metal dust collector, a heat tracing device is connected to the outer side of a pipeline between the draught fan and the TO furnace, and an oxygen supply device is connected with the TO furnace; the method comprises the following steps: pyrolyzing the waste lithium battery by using the pyrolyzing furnace, guiding the generated waste gas into the cyclone dust collector for dust removal treatment, conveying the waste gas subjected to primary dust removal into the metal dust collector for metal dust removal treatment, and then carrying out neutralization reaction on acidic components in the waste gas by using the washing tower, and the fan conveys the waste gas into the TO furnace for incineration treatment. According to the system and the method, the whole process of waste gas treatment can be monitored, a safe and efficient waste gas treatment process can be realized, and a series of problems of blockage of a waste gas conveying pipeline, high labor load intensity of manual cleaning, low pyrolysis efficiency and the like can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of efficient waste gas treatment, and specifically relates to an intelligent treatment system and method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the waste battery processing industry, represented by lithium batteries, is developing rapidly. Waste lithium batteries are mainly processed by disassembly, crushing, and pyrolysis. Electrolyte and organic matter account for about 15% of waste lithium batteries. Pyrolysis at a high temperature of 500°C will produce a large amount of waste gas. Among them, the waste gas contains short-chain esters, alkane organic matter and a large amount of dust (including metal dust and other dust). Therefore, it is often necessary to perform secondary combustion of organic matter to make the exhaust gas meet emission standards and avoid environmental pollution. At present, the waste gas generated by lithium battery pyrolysis is mainly treated by TO incineration and oxidation. However, when the pyrolysis waste gas is transported through long-distance pipelines, it will encounter the problem of sudden temperature drop (temperature difference exceeding 80°C), which will cause the organic matter in the waste gas to condense into tar and merge with dust to form mud. This will cause the pipeline and equipment to be blocked as frequently as once a day, which is extremely difficult to clean manually. This will seriously affect the stable and efficient operation of the lithium battery production line equipment, reduce the pyrolysis efficiency, and easily cause waste of resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an efficient waste gas treatment method to effectively overcome the problems of pipeline blockage, high labor intensity of manual cleaning, and low pyrolysis efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent treatment system and method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas. The system has a high degree of intelligence and can monitor the entire process of waste gas treatment, which is conducive to achieving a safe and efficient waste gas treatment process. It can effectively solve a series of problems such as blockage of waste gas transmission pipelines, high labor load intensity of manual cleaning, and low pyrolysis efficiency. The method has a high degree of intelligence and a simple implementation process. It can efficiently and safely realize the treatment operation of lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas and can effectively reduce the labor load intensity of cleaning workers.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, comprising an execution unit, an intelligent monitoring unit and a control unit;

[0005] The execution unit includes a cyclone dust collector, a metal dust collector, a nitrogen injection device, a washing tower, a fan, a TO furnace, a heating device and an oxygen supply device; the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace through a first connecting pipe, the air inlet of the metal dust collector is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector through a second connecting pipe, the nitrogen injection device is connected to the filter chamber of the metal dust collector through a nitrogen filling pipe, the air inlet of the washing tower is connected to the air outlet of the metal dust collector through a third connecting pipe, the air inlet of the fan is connected to the air outlet of the washing tower through a fourth connecting pipe, and the inlet end of the TO furnace is connected to the air outlet of the fan through a fifth connecting pipe; the heating device is mounted on the outside of the fifth connecting pipe; the oxygen supply device is connected to the incineration chamber of the TO furnace through an oxygen filling pipe;

[0006] The intelligent monitoring unit includes a first monitoring component, a second monitoring component, a third monitoring component, a fourth monitoring component, a pH sensor and a fifth monitoring component. The first monitoring component includes a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor and a first dust concentration sensor, which are installed inside the first connecting pipe; the second monitoring component includes a second pressure sensor and a second dust concentration sensor, which are installed inside the second connecting pipe; the third monitoring component includes a second temperature sensor and a differential pressure sensor, which are installed inside the metal dust collector; the fourth monitoring component includes an oxygen concentration sensor and a third temperature sensor, which are installed inside the third connecting pipe; the pH sensor is installed inside the collecting tank at the bottom of the washing tower; the fifth monitoring component includes a fourth temperature sensor and a third pressure sensor, which are installed inside the fifth connecting pipe;

[0007] The control unit includes a controller and an alarm module, and the controller is respectively connected to the first monitoring component, the second monitoring component, the third monitoring component, the fourth monitoring component, the pH sensor, the fifth monitoring component, the cyclone dust collector, the metal dust collector, the nitrogen injection device, the washing tower, the fan, the TO furnace, the heating device, the oxygen supply device and the alarm module.

[0008] In the present invention, the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are connected in sequence by using pipelines, and the large-particle dust removal and metal dust removal operations can be carried out in sequence on the waste gas generated by pyrolysis, thereby realizing a two-stage dust removal control process, which can efficiently and thoroughly remove dust in the waste gas, thereby avoiding environmental pollution problems caused by dust. Connecting the washing tower after the metal dust collector can not only utilize the alkaline solution sprayed by the washing tower spray mechanism to neutralize the acidic components in the waste gas, which is conducive to better removing the polluting components in the waste gas and further ensuring that the exhaust gas can meet environmental protection requirements, but also the spraying process can further remove the residual dust in the waste gas, thereby cooperating with the cyclone dust collector and the metal dust collector to achieve a three-stage dust removal effect. By connecting the washing tower and the TO furnace through a fan, the exhaust gas after the three-stage dust removal and the removal of acidic components can be easily transported to the TO furnace according to different negative pressure intensities, so that the TO furnace can incinerate and oxidize volatile organic compounds. In this way, it can effectively ensure that the exhaust gas can meet the emission standards and will not cause environmental pollution problems caused by organic volatiles. Connecting the nitrogen injection device to the metal dust collector can avoid the risk of explosion due to excessive oxygen content by injecting inert gas. Installing a heating device on the outside of the fourth connecting pipe can facilitate heating of the exhaust gas passing through the fourth connecting pipe, thereby effectively avoiding condensation of the exhaust gas in the fourth connecting pipe, ensuring the patency of the connecting channel between the fan and the TO furnace, and at the same time effectively reducing the labor load of manual labor and helping to improve the pyrolysis efficiency. The first monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the temperature, pressure, and dust concentration of the exhaust gas in the first connecting pipe, thereby facilitating evaluation of the pyrolysis effect and efficiency based on the temperature and dust concentration data, and enabling closed-loop control of the pyrolysis furnace based on the evaluation results. Furthermore, the pressure data can be used to determine whether the cyclone dust collector is clogged. The second monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the pressure and dust concentration in the second connecting pipe, thereby facilitating evaluation of whether the metal dust collector is clogged based on the pressure data, and calculating the efficiency of the cyclone dust collector based on the dust concentration data, thereby facilitating closed-loop control of the cyclone dust collector. The third monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the temperature of the metal dust collector filter element and the pressure differential between the upstream and downstream sides of the filter element, thereby facilitating evaluation of whether the filter element is damaged by abnormally high temperature based on the temperature data, and facilitating evaluation of whether the filter bag resistance is excessive based on the pressure differential data. The fourth monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the oxygen content and temperature in the third connecting pipe, thereby facilitating evaluation of whether there is a risk of explosion based on the oxygen content and temperature data. By setting up the pH sensor, the concentration of the alkali solution added to the washing tower can be easily controlled in a closed loop, thereby ensuring the complete removal of acidic components in the exhaust gas.The fifth monitoring component facilitates obtaining temperature and pressure data within the fourth connecting line, allowing for the determination of condensation risk based on the temperature data. Furthermore, the system can be linked with the heat tracing device to ensure that the temperature within the fourth connecting line is within a set range, thereby avoiding the occurrence of exhaust gas condensation. This helps ensure the patency of the connecting channel and effectively reduces the workload of cleaning personnel. Furthermore, the pressure data can be used to determine whether there are abnormalities in the TO furnace. The intelligent monitoring unit of the present invention primarily comprises temperature, pressure, oxygen content, dust concentration, pH value, and differential pressure sensors, along with an oxygen content analyzer. This allows for real-time monitoring of exhaust gas parameters such as temperature, pressure, dust concentration, acidity, and oxygen content within pipelines and equipment, enabling intelligent control of the treatment process.

[0009] The system is highly intelligent and can monitor the entire process of waste gas treatment, which is conducive to achieving a safe and efficient waste gas treatment process. It can effectively solve a series of problems such as blockage of waste gas transmission pipelines, high labor intensity of manual cleaning, and low pyrolysis efficiency.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, an anti-corrosion water pump is further included, the water inlet of the anti-corrosion water pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the mixed liquid collecting tank at the bottom of the washing tower, and the water outlet is connected to the fuel feed port of the TO furnace. At the same time, the anti-corrosion water pump is connected to the controller.

[0011] As a preference, a vibrator is installed on the side of the cyclone dust collector, and the filter element of the cyclone dust collector is a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant filter element.

[0012] As a preference, a second vibrator is installed on the side of the metal dust collector, and a star discharger is installed at the discharge port at the bottom.

[0013] As a preference, the fan is a variable frequency fan.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, both ends of the first connecting pipe are rigidly connected to the pyrolysis furnace and the cyclone dust collector, and the connections are sealed; both ends of the second connecting pipe are rigidly connected to the cyclone dust collector and the metal dust collector, and the connections are sealed; both ends of the third connecting pipe are rigidly connected to the metal dust collector and the fan, and the connections are sealed; both ends of the fourth connecting pipe are sealed to the fan and the TO furnace.

[0015] The present invention also provides an intelligent treatment method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, which uses an intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Control the start-up of the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, scrubber, fan and TO furnace;

[0017] Step 2: Use a pyrolysis furnace to perform pyrolysis treatment on the waste lithium batteries, and discharge the generated exhaust gas into the first connecting pipe through the outlet; at the same time, the controller obtains temperature data 1, pressure data 1 and dust concentration data 1 of the exhaust gas in the initial state in real time through the first monitoring component, and evaluates the degree of pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace based on the obtained temperature data 1 and dust concentration data 1, and performs closed-loop control of the pyrolysis furnace based on the evaluation result. At the same time, the pressure data 1 is compared with the set pressure threshold 1. When the pressure data 1 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 1, it is determined that the cyclone dust collector has a blockage condition 1, and the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are controlled to shut down, and the alarm device is controlled to perform alarm action 1;

[0018] When the blocking condition disappears, execute step 1 again;

[0019] Step three: The exhaust gas is directed tangentially to the cyclone dust collector through the first connecting pipe, and a swirl is formed inside the cyclone dust collector. The large dust particles in the exhaust gas are separated by the centrifugal force caused by the swirl, and the large dust particles collide with the wall and fall to the discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector, and then are discharged through the ash discharge valve at the discharge port. Synchronously, the treated exhaust gas is discharged into the second connecting pipe. At the same time, the controller obtains the pressure data 2 and the dust concentration data 2 of the exhaust gas after the first dust removal in real time through the second monitoring component, and compares the pressure data 2 with the set pressure threshold 2 and the set pressure threshold 3. When When the pressure data 2 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 2, it is determined that the metal dust collector has a blockage condition 2, and the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are controlled to shut down, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the second warning action. When the pressure data 2 is less than or equal to the set pressure threshold 3, it is determined that there is a leakage condition, and the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are controlled to shut down, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the third warning action. At the same time, the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector is calculated based on the dust concentration data 2 and the dust concentration data 1, and the cyclone dust collector is closed-loop controlled based on the dust removal efficiency.

[0020] When both the blocking condition 2 and the leakage condition disappear, execute step 1 again;

[0021] Step 4: The exhaust gas is directed to the metal dust collector through the second connecting pipe, and the metal dust collector is used to remove the metal dust in the exhaust gas. The metal dust is discharged from the discharge valve at the bottom discharge port, and the treated exhaust gas is then discharged into the third connecting pipe;

[0022] At the same time, the controller uses the third monitoring component to obtain the temperature data 2 at the metal dust collector filter element and the pressure difference data upstream and downstream of the filter element in real time, and compares the temperature data 2 with the set temperature threshold 1, and compares the pressure difference data with the set pressure difference threshold. When the temperature data 2 is greater than the set temperature threshold 1, it is determined that the high temperature abnormality 1 is present. When the pressure difference data is greater than the set pressure difference threshold, it is determined that the filter bag resistance of the metal dust collector is abnormal. When the high temperature abnormality 1 occurs, the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are controlled to shut down, and the alarm module is controlled to perform the alarm action 4; when the filter bag resistance is abnormal, the pulse spray valve on the metal dust collector is controlled to open, and at the same time, the vibrator 2 is controlled to start working, and the metal dust attached to the filter bag is removed by backblowing and vibration until the filter bag resistance abnormality disappears, the pulse spray valve is controlled to close, and the vibrator 2 is controlled to shut down; when the high temperature abnormality 1 disappears, step 1 is executed again;

[0023] At the same time, the controller uses the fourth monitoring component to obtain the oxygen content data and temperature data three in the exhaust gas after the secondary dust removal in real time, and compares the oxygen content data with the set oxygen content threshold, and compares the temperature data three with the set temperature threshold two. When the oxygen content data is greater than or equal to the set oxygen content threshold, and the temperature data three is greater than or equal to the set temperature threshold three, it is determined that there is a risk of explosion, and the alarm module is controlled to execute the warning action five, and the nitrogen injection device is controlled to start working to inject nitrogen into the metal dust collector until the oxygen content data is less than the set oxygen content threshold or the temperature data three is less than the set temperature threshold two;

[0024] Step 5: The exhaust gas after secondary dust removal is transported to the air inlet of the washing tower through the third connecting pipeline, and the alkali solution is sprayed by the spraying mechanism at the top of the washing tower to neutralize the acidic components in the exhaust gas. The tar-alkali solution mixture generated by the reaction falls into the collection tank at the bottom. At the same time, the treated exhaust gas is discharged into the fourth connecting pipeline; synchronously, the tar-alkali solution mixture in the collection tank is transported to the fuel feed port of the TO furnace by using an anti-corrosion water pump to serve as fuel for the TO furnace;

[0025] At the same time, the controller uses the pH sensor to obtain the pH value data of the treated mixed liquid in real time, and dynamically adjusts the concentration of the sprayed alkali solution according to the pH value data until the pH value data is less than the set pH threshold;

[0026] Step 6: The controller controls the fan to provide a negative pressure of a set intensity, and transports the exhaust gas in the fourth connecting pipe to the TO furnace through the fifth connecting pipe. The TO furnace is used to provide an incineration environment above ℃. At the same time, the oxygen supply device is controlled to supply a set flow of oxygen into the TO furnace to fully incinerate the organic matter in the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0027] At the same time, the controller obtains temperature data 4 and pressure data 3 in real time through the fifth monitoring component, and compares the temperature data 4 with the set temperature threshold 3, and compares the pressure data 3 with the set pressure threshold 4. When the temperature data 4 is less than the set temperature threshold 3, it is determined that there is a condensation risk, and the alarm device is controlled to perform warning action 6, which controls the heating device to heat the fourth connecting pipe until the temperature data 4 is greater than or equal to the set temperature threshold 3, and then controls the heating device to stop the heating operation; when the pressure data 3 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 4, it is determined that the TO furnace is operating abnormally, and the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are controlled to shut down;

[0028] When the TO furnace operating abnormality disappears, repeat step 1.

[0029] As a preference, in step five, the TO furnace provides an incineration environment of above 850°C.

[0030] As a preference, in step three, the discharge valve at the bottom discharge port of the metal dust collector is a star-shaped discharge valve.

[0031] The present invention proposes an efficient waste gas treatment method, which overcomes the problem of waste gas tar condensation and dust clogging pipes, fans and other equipment during the battery pyrolysis process in the industry, while significantly improving the black powder yield and creating significant benefits for battery resource recycling and reuse. The pyrolysis waste gas is subjected to pressure, temperature and dust concentration detection before entering the cyclone dust collector, which can realize online sample gas quality analysis to evaluate the degree of pyrolysis and provide a PID adjustment benchmark for the closed-loop control of the pyrolysis furnace and subsequent dust removal processing. A dust concentration detection point and pressure detection are set between the cyclone dust collector and the metal dust collector. The cyclone dust removal efficiency can be automatically judged based on the dust concentration data through online data analysis. At the same time, the blockage and leakage problems of the metal dust collector can be timely identified based on the pressure data, realizing online diagnosis of the equipment health status. The metal dust collector is equipped with an online temperature and pressure difference monitoring sensor, which can monitor the operating temperature of the filter element in real time to prevent the filter element from being damaged by high temperature, and can identify the blockage status of the dust collector in real time, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Oxygen content and temperature monitoring points are installed between the metal dust collector and the scrubber to analyze exhaust gas oxygen content in real time, mitigating the risk of explosion in high-temperature environments. A pH sensor is installed in the scrubber's collection tank to easily obtain pH data on the treated mixed liquor, enabling closed-loop control of the alkali solution concentration in the spray mechanism to ensure effective neutralization. Temperature and pressure monitoring points are installed between the fan and the TO furnace to ensure the proper functioning of the heating system even at low temperatures, preventing exhaust gas condensation in the pipes and avoiding low-temperature corrosion. Furthermore, a pressure sensor monitors the TO furnace's operating status online, ensuring safe and reliable operation of the entire system. When oxygen content exceeds the limit, a nitrogen injection device automatically injects inert gas, mitigating the risk of explosion. When the differential pressure sensor detects high bag resistance, the pulse jet valve and vibrator are simultaneously activated to effectively remove metal dust adhering to the bag through backwash vibration.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. The present invention adopts a closed-loop control method and consists of three parts: an intelligent monitoring unit, a control unit and an execution unit. The entire process can be automatically adjusted and controlled by PID without manual intervention, and has a high degree of intelligence.

[0034] 2. By setting up the cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector and washing tower in sequence, first, the cyclone dust collector can be used to perform coarse filtration operations, which can effectively filter and remove large dust particles contained in the exhaust gas. Then, the metal dust collector can be used to perform fine filtration operations, which can effectively remove metal dust particles in the exhaust gas, thereby effectively reducing the solid particle pollutants contained in the exhaust gas. Then, the washing tower can be used to effectively neutralize the acidic components in the exhaust gas and further remove the residual dust, thereby achieving the effect of three-stage dust removal and coordinated dust removal.

[0035] 3. By setting up monitoring components at each key node, self-fault diagnosis can be achieved, and the shutdown of each device can be controlled in time when an abnormality occurs to prevent larger failures.

[0036] This method has a high degree of intelligence and a simple implementation process. It can efficiently and safely treat lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas and effectively reduce the labor load intensity of cleaners. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the processing system part of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection status of the processing system in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a principle block diagram of the control part in the processing system of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1. cyclone dust collector, 2. metal dust collector, 3. fan, 4. TO furnace, 5. pyrolysis furnace, 6. first connecting pipe, 7. second connecting pipe, 8. third connecting pipe, 9. fourth connecting pipe, 10. first monitoring component, 11. second monitoring component, 12. third monitoring component, 13. fourth monitoring component, 14. fifth monitoring component, 15. nitrogen main inlet device, 16. oxygen supply device, 17. heating device, 18. washing tower, 19. fifth connecting pipe, 20. pH sensor, 21. anti-corrosion water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent processing system for efficiently processing lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, including an execution unit, an intelligent monitoring unit and a control unit;

[0043] The execution unit includes a cyclone dust collector 1, a metal dust collector 2, a nitrogen injection device 15, a washing tower 18, a fan 3, a TO furnace 4, a heating device 17 and an oxygen supply device 16; the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector 1 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 5 through a first connecting pipe 6, the air inlet of the metal dust collector 2 is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector 1 through a second connecting pipe 7, and the nitrogen injection device 15 is connected to the metal dust collector 2 through a nitrogen filling pipe. The air inlet of the washing tower 18 is connected to the air outlet of the metal dust collector 2 through the third connecting pipe 8, the air inlet of the fan 3 is connected to the air outlet of the washing tower 18 through the fourth connecting pipe 9, and the inlet end of the TO furnace 4 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 3 through the fifth connecting pipe 19; the heating device 17 is mounted on the outside of the fifth connecting pipe 19; the oxygen supply device 16 is connected to the incineration chamber of the TO furnace 4 through the oxygen filling pipe;

[0044] Preferably, the cyclone dust collector 1 is equipped with a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant filter element with a dust removal efficiency of 85%. The filter element is sintered from 316L material and can withstand temperatures of 800°C. While ensuring air permeability, it also improves the dust treatment accuracy to 2μm. Preferably, the metal dust collector 2 uses a pulse jet cleaning method to effectively control the oxygen content and ensure long-term stable and reliable operation.

[0045] The intelligent monitoring unit includes a first monitoring component 10, a second monitoring component 11, a third monitoring component 12, a fourth monitoring component 13, a pH sensor 20 and a fifth monitoring component 14. The first monitoring component 10 includes a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor and a first dust concentration sensor, which are installed inside the first connecting pipe 6; the second monitoring component 11 includes a second pressure sensor and a second dust concentration sensor, which are installed inside the second connecting pipe 7; the third monitoring component 12 includes a second temperature sensor and a differential pressure sensor, which are installed inside the metal dust collector 2; the fourth monitoring component 13 includes an oxygen concentration sensor and a third temperature sensor, which are installed inside the third connecting pipe 8; the pH sensor 20 is installed inside the collecting tank at the bottom of the washing tower 18; the fifth monitoring component 14 includes a fourth temperature sensor and a third pressure sensor, which are installed inside the fifth connecting pipe 19;

[0046] The control unit includes a controller and an alarm module, and the controller is respectively connected to the first monitoring component 10, the second monitoring component 11, the third monitoring component 12, the fourth monitoring component 13, the pH sensor 20, the fifth monitoring component 14, the cyclone dust collector 1, the metal dust collector 2, the nitrogen injection device 15, the washing tower 18, the fan 3, the TO furnace 4, the heating device 17, the oxygen supply device 16 and the alarm module. Preferably, the controller is a PLC controller. As a further preferred embodiment, the control unit may also include a data acquisition module. At the same time, the controller is connected to the first monitoring component 10, the second monitoring component 11, the third monitoring component 12, the fourth monitoring component 13, the pH sensor 20, and the fifth monitoring component 14 through the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data, and the controller is used to analyze and process the data.

[0047] In order to reduce energy consumption and ensure that environmental protection requirements are met, an anti-corrosion water pump 21 is also included. The water inlet of the anti-corrosion water pump 21 is connected to the liquid outlet of the mixed liquid collection tank at the bottom of the washing tower 18, and its water outlet is connected to the fuel feed port of the TO furnace 4. At the same time, the anti-corrosion water pump 21 is connected to the controller.

[0048] Preferably, the filter element of the cyclone dust collector 1 is a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant filter element. Preferably, a vibrator 1 is installed on the side of the cyclone dust collector 1. The provision of vibrator 1 facilitates the removal of particulate matter adhering to the inner wall of the cyclone dust collector 1 by vibration.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a vibrator 2 is installed on the side of the metal dust collector 2, and a star discharger is installed at the discharge port at the bottom. Through the setting of the vibrator 2, it is easy to remove particulate matter attached to the inner wall of the metal dust collector 2 by vibration.

[0050] As a preference, the fan 3 is a variable frequency fan, which makes it easy to adjust the frequency of the fan.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, both ends of the first connecting pipe 6 are rigidly connected to the pyrolysis furnace 5 and the cyclone dust collector 1, and the connections are sealed; both ends of the second connecting pipe 7 are rigidly connected to the cyclone dust collector 1 and the metal dust collector 2, and the connections are sealed; both ends of the third connecting pipe 8 are rigidly connected to the metal dust collector 2 and the fan 3, and the connections are sealed; both ends of the fourth connecting pipe 9 are sealed to the fan 3 and the TO furnace 4. The sealed connection method of each connecting pipe can effectively prevent the entry of oxygen, which may cause the oxygen content to exceed the standard, thereby causing the risk of explosion. It is further preferred that the ends of each connecting pipe are connected to each device by welding to further ensure the sealing performance. The sealing design can effectively prevent the entry of oxygen, which may cause the oxygen content to exceed the standard, thereby causing the risk of explosion. It is further preferred that each connecting pipe is made of anti-corrosion material to effectively ensure long-term stable operation.

[0052] In the present invention, the pyrolysis furnace, cyclone dust collector, metal dust collector, washing tower, fan and TO furnace are connected in sequence by using pipelines, and the large-particle dust removal and metal dust removal operations can be carried out in sequence on the waste gas generated by pyrolysis, thereby realizing a two-stage dust removal control process, which can efficiently and thoroughly remove dust in the waste gas, thereby avoiding environmental pollution problems caused by dust. Connecting the washing tower after the metal dust collector can not only utilize the alkaline solution sprayed by the washing tower spray mechanism to neutralize the acidic components in the waste gas, which is conducive to better removing the polluting components in the waste gas and further ensuring that the exhaust gas can meet environmental protection requirements, but also the spraying process can further remove the residual dust in the waste gas, thereby cooperating with the cyclone dust collector and the metal dust collector to achieve a three-stage dust removal effect. By connecting the washing tower and the TO furnace through a fan, the exhaust gas after the three-stage dust removal and the removal of acidic components can be easily transported to the TO furnace according to different negative pressure intensities, so that the TO furnace can incinerate and oxidize volatile organic compounds. In this way, it can effectively ensure that the exhaust gas can meet the emission standards and will not cause environmental pollution problems caused by organic volatiles. Connecting the nitrogen injection device to the metal dust collector can avoid the risk of explosion due to excessive oxygen content by injecting inert gas. Installing a heating device on the outside of the fourth connecting pipe can facilitate heating of the exhaust gas passing through the fourth connecting pipe, thereby effectively avoiding condensation of the exhaust gas in the fourth connecting pipe, ensuring the patency of the connecting channel between the fan and the TO furnace, and at the same time effectively reducing the labor load of manual labor and helping to improve the pyrolysis efficiency. The first monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the temperature, pressure, and dust concentration of the exhaust gas in the first connecting pipe, thereby facilitating evaluation of the pyrolysis effect and efficiency based on the temperature and dust concentration data, and enabling closed-loop control of the pyrolysis furnace based on the evaluation results. Furthermore, the pressure data can be used to determine whether the cyclone dust collector is clogged. The second monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the pressure and dust concentration in the second connecting pipe, thereby facilitating evaluation of whether the metal dust collector is clogged based on the pressure data, and calculating the efficiency of the cyclone dust collector based on the dust concentration data, thereby facilitating closed-loop control of the cyclone dust collector. The third monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the temperature of the metal dust collector filter element and the pressure differential between the upstream and downstream sides of the filter element, thereby facilitating evaluation of whether the filter element is damaged by abnormally high temperature based on the temperature data, and facilitating evaluation of whether the filter bag resistance is excessive based on the pressure differential data. The fourth monitoring component facilitates obtaining data on the oxygen content and temperature in the third connecting pipe, thereby facilitating evaluation of whether there is a risk of explosion based on the oxygen content and temperature data. By setting up the pH sensor, the concentration of the alkali solution added to the washing tower can be easily controlled in a closed loop, thereby ensuring the complete removal of acidic components in the exhaust gas.The fifth monitoring component facilitates obtaining temperature and pressure data within the fourth connecting line, allowing for the determination of condensation risk based on the temperature data. Furthermore, the system can be linked with the heat tracing device to ensure that the temperature within the fourth connecting line is within a set range, thereby avoiding the occurrence of exhaust gas condensation. This helps ensure the patency of the connecting channel and effectively reduces the workload of cleaning personnel. Furthermore, the pressure data can be used to determine whether there are abnormalities in the TO furnace. The intelligent monitoring unit of the present invention primarily comprises temperature, pressure, oxygen content, dust concentration, pH value, and differential pressure sensors, along with an oxygen content analyzer. This allows for real-time monitoring of exhaust gas parameters such as temperature, pressure, dust concentration, acidity, and oxygen content within pipelines and equipment, enabling intelligent control of the treatment process.

[0053] The system is highly intelligent and can monitor the entire process of waste gas treatment, which is conducive to achieving a safe and efficient waste gas treatment process. It can effectively solve a series of problems such as blockage of waste gas transmission pipelines, high labor intensity of manual cleaning, and low pyrolysis efficiency.

[0054] The present invention also provides an intelligent treatment method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, which uses an intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, including the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Control the pyrolysis furnace 5, cyclone dust collector 1, metal dust collector 2, washing tower 18, fan 3 and TO furnace 4 to start working;

[0056] Step 2: Use the pyrolysis furnace 5 to perform pyrolysis treatment on the waste lithium batteries, and discharge the generated exhaust gas into the first connecting pipe 6 through the outlet; at the same time, the controller obtains the temperature data 1, pressure data 1 and dust concentration data 1 of the exhaust gas in the initial state in real time through the first monitoring component 10, and evaluates the pyrolysis degree of the pyrolysis furnace 5 based on the obtained temperature data 1 and dust concentration data 1, and performs closed-loop control on the pyrolysis furnace 5 based on the evaluation result. At the same time, the pressure data 1 is compared with the set pressure threshold 1. When the pressure data 1 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 1, it is determined that the cyclone dust collector 1 has a blockage condition 1, and the pyrolysis furnace 5, cyclone dust collector 1, metal dust collector 2, washing tower 18, fan 3 and TO furnace 4 are controlled to shut down, and the alarm device is controlled to perform alarm action 1;

[0057] When the blocking condition disappears, execute step 1 again;

[0058] Step three: The exhaust gas is tangentially guided to the cyclone dust collector 1 through the first connecting pipe 6, and a swirl is formed inside the cyclone dust collector 1. The large dust particles in the exhaust gas are separated by the centrifugal force caused by the swirl, and the large dust particles collide with the wall and fall to the discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 1, and then discharged through the ash discharge valve at the discharge port. Synchronously, the treated exhaust gas is discharged into the second connecting pipe 7. At the same time, the controller obtains the pressure data 2 and the dust concentration data 2 of the exhaust gas after the first dust removal in real time through the second monitoring component 11, and compares the pressure data 2 with the set pressure threshold 2 and the set pressure threshold 3. When the pressure data 2 When the pressure data is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold value 2, it is determined that the metal dust collector 2 has a blockage condition 2, and the pyrolysis furnace 5, cyclone dust collector 1, metal dust collector 2, washing tower 18, fan 3 and TO furnace 4 are controlled to be shut down, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the second warning action. When the pressure data 2 is less than or equal to the set pressure threshold value 3, it is determined that there is a leakage condition, and the pyrolysis furnace 5, cyclone dust collector 1, metal dust collector 2, washing tower 18, fan 3 and TO furnace 4 are controlled to be shut down, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the third warning action. At the same time, the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector 1 is calculated based on the dust concentration data 2 and the dust concentration data 1, and the cyclone dust collector 1 is closed-loop controlled based on the dust removal efficiency.

[0059] When both the blocking condition 2 and the leakage condition disappear, execute step 1 again;

[0060] Step 4: The exhaust gas is directed to the metal dust collector 2 through the second connecting pipe 7, and the metal dust in the exhaust gas is removed by the metal dust collector 2. The metal dust is discharged from the discharge valve at the bottom discharge port, and the treated exhaust gas is then discharged into the third connecting pipe 8;

[0061] At the same time, the controller uses the third monitoring component 12 to obtain the temperature data 2 at the filter element of the metal dust collector 2 and the pressure difference data upstream and downstream of the filter element in real time, and compares the temperature data 2 with the set temperature threshold 1, and compares the pressure difference data with the set pressure difference threshold. When the temperature data 2 is greater than the set temperature threshold 1, it is determined that high temperature abnormality 1 is present. When the pressure difference data is greater than the set pressure difference threshold, it is determined that the filter bag resistance of the metal dust collector 2 is abnormal. When high temperature abnormality 1 occurs, the pyrolysis furnace 5, cyclone dust collector 1, metal dust collector 2, washing tower 18, fan 3 and TO furnace 4 are controlled to shut down, and the alarm module is controlled to perform warning action 4; when the filter bag resistance is abnormal, the pulse spray valve on the metal dust collector 2 is controlled to open, and at the same time, the vibrator 2 is controlled to start working, and the metal dust attached to the filter bag is removed by backblowing and vibration until the filter bag resistance abnormality disappears, the pulse spray valve is controlled to close, and the vibrator 2 is controlled to shut down; when the high temperature abnormality 1 disappears, step 1 is executed again;

[0062] At the same time, the controller uses the fourth monitoring component 13 to obtain the oxygen content data and temperature data 3 in the exhaust gas after the secondary dust removal in real time, and compares the oxygen content data with the set oxygen content threshold, and compares the temperature data 3 with the set temperature threshold 2. When the oxygen content data is greater than or equal to the set oxygen content threshold, and the temperature data 3 is greater than or equal to the set temperature threshold 3, it is determined that there is a risk of explosion, and the alarm module is controlled to perform the warning action 5, and the nitrogen injection device 15 is controlled to start working to inject nitrogen into the metal dust collector 2 until the oxygen content data is less than the set oxygen content threshold or the temperature data 3 is less than the set temperature threshold 2;

[0063] Step 5: The exhaust gas after secondary dust removal is transported to the air inlet of the washing tower 18 through the third connecting pipe 8, and the alkali solution is sprayed by the spraying mechanism at the top of the washing tower 18 to neutralize the acidic components in the exhaust gas. The tar-alkali solution mixture generated by the reaction falls into the collection tank at the bottom. At the same time, the treated exhaust gas is discharged into the fourth connecting pipe 9; synchronously, the tar-alkali solution mixture in the collection tank is transported to the fuel feed port of the TO furnace 4 by the anti-corrosion water pump 21 to serve as fuel for the TO furnace 4;

[0064] At the same time, the controller uses the pH sensor 20 to obtain the pH value data of the treated mixed liquid in real time, and dynamically adjusts the concentration of the sprayed alkali solution according to the pH value data until the pH value data is less than the set pH threshold;

[0065] Step 6: The controller controls the fan 3 to provide a set negative pressure, and transports the exhaust gas in the fourth connecting pipe 9 to the TO furnace 4 through the fifth connecting pipe 19. The TO furnace 4 provides an incineration environment above 500°C. At the same time, the controller controls the oxygen supply device to supply a set flow of oxygen to the TO furnace 4 to fully incinerate the organic matter in the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0066] At the same time, the controller obtains temperature data 4 and pressure data 3 in real time through the fifth monitoring component 14, and compares the temperature data 4 with the set temperature threshold 3, and compares the pressure data 3 with the set pressure threshold 4. When the temperature data 4 is less than the set temperature threshold 3, it is determined that there is a condensation risk, and the alarm device is controlled to perform warning action 6, controlling the heating device 17 to heat the fourth connecting pipe 9 until the temperature data 4 is greater than or equal to the set temperature threshold 3, and then controlling the heating device 17 to stop the heating operation; when the pressure data 3 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 4, it is determined that the TO furnace 4 is operating abnormally, and the pyrolysis furnace 5, cyclone dust collector 1, metal dust collector 2, washing tower 18, fan 3 and TO furnace 4 are controlled to shut down;

[0067] When the abnormal operation of the TO furnace 4 disappears, step 1 is executed again.

[0068] As a preference, in step five, the TO furnace 4 provides an incineration environment of above 850° C., so as to ensure the thoroughness of combustion and better ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0069] As a preference, in step three, the discharge valve at the bottom discharge port of the metal dust collector 2 is a star-shaped discharge valve.

[0070] The present invention proposes an efficient waste gas treatment method, which overcomes the problem of waste gas tar condensation and dust clogging pipes, fans and other equipment during the battery pyrolysis process in the industry, while significantly improving the black powder yield and creating significant benefits for battery resource recycling and reuse. The pyrolysis waste gas is subjected to pressure, temperature and dust concentration detection before entering the cyclone dust collector, which can realize online sample gas quality analysis to evaluate the degree of pyrolysis and provide a PID adjustment benchmark for the closed-loop control of the pyrolysis furnace and subsequent dust removal processing. A dust concentration detection point and pressure detection are set between the cyclone dust collector and the metal dust collector. The cyclone dust removal efficiency can be automatically judged based on the dust concentration data through online data analysis. At the same time, the blockage and leakage problems of the metal dust collector can be timely identified based on the pressure data, realizing online diagnosis of the equipment health status. The metal dust collector is equipped with an online temperature and pressure difference monitoring sensor, which can monitor the operating temperature of the filter element in real time to prevent the filter element from being damaged by high temperature, and can identify the blockage status of the dust collector in real time, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Oxygen content and temperature monitoring points are installed between the metal dust collector and the scrubber to analyze exhaust gas oxygen content in real time, mitigating the risk of explosion in high-temperature environments. A pH sensor is installed in the scrubber's collection tank to easily obtain pH data on the treated mixed liquor, enabling closed-loop control of the alkali solution concentration in the spray mechanism to ensure effective neutralization. Temperature and pressure monitoring points are installed between the fan and the TO furnace to ensure the proper functioning of the heating system even at low temperatures, preventing exhaust gas condensation in the pipes and avoiding low-temperature corrosion. Furthermore, a pressure sensor monitors the TO furnace's operating status online, ensuring safe and reliable operation of the entire system. When oxygen content exceeds the limit, a nitrogen injection device automatically injects inert gas, mitigating the risk of explosion. When the differential pressure sensor detects high bag resistance, the pulse jet valve and vibrator are simultaneously activated to effectively remove metal dust adhering to the bag through backwash vibration.

[0071] This method has a high degree of intelligence and a simple implementation process. It can efficiently and safely treat lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas and effectively reduce the labor load intensity of cleaners.

[0072] Working principle:

[0073] During operation of the treatment system, exhaust gas from the pyrolysis furnace 5 flows through a first connecting pipe 6 into the cyclone dust collector 1 for dust filtration, then through a second connecting pipe 7 into the metal dust collector 2 for metal dust filtration, then through a third connecting pipe 8 into the air inlet of the blower 3, and finally through a fourth connecting pipe 9 into the TO furnace 4 for incineration. The cyclone dust collector is rationally designed based on the air volume it handles and is equipped with a high-temperature, corrosion-resistant filter element with a dust removal efficiency of 85%. This filter element is sintered from 316L material, ensuring air permeability while increasing dust removal accuracy to 2μm. The metal dust collector uses a pulse jet cleaning method to effectively control oxygen content and ensure long-term stable and reliable operation.

Claims

1. An intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, comprising an execution unit, an intelligent monitoring unit and a control unit; characterized in that ； The execution unit comprises a cyclone dust collector (1), a metal dust collector (2), a nitrogen injection device (15), a washing tower (18), a fan (3), a TO furnace (4), a heating device (17) and an oxygen supply device (16); the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector (1) is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (5) through a first connecting pipe (6), the air inlet of the metal dust collector (2) is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector (1) through a second connecting pipe (7), and the nitrogen injection device (15) is connected to the metal dust collector through a nitrogen filling pipe. (2) is connected to the filter chamber, the air inlet of the washing tower (18) is connected to the air outlet of the metal dust collector (2) through the third connecting pipe (8), the air inlet of the fan (3) is connected to the air outlet of the washing tower (18) through the fourth connecting pipe (9), and the inlet end of the TO furnace (4) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (3) through the fifth connecting pipe (19); the heating device (17) is sleeved on the outside of the fifth connecting pipe (19); the oxygen supply device (16) is connected to the incineration chamber of the TO furnace (4) through the oxygen filling pipe; The intelligent monitoring unit comprises a first monitoring component (10), a second monitoring component (11), a third monitoring component (12), a fourth monitoring component (13), a pH value sensor (20) and a fifth monitoring component (14), wherein the first monitoring component (10) comprises a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor and a first dust concentration sensor, which are installed inside the first communicating pipe (6); the second monitoring component (11) comprises a second pressure sensor and a second dust concentration sensor, which are installed inside the second communicating pipe (7); the third monitoring component (12) comprises a second temperature sensor and a pressure difference sensor, which are installed inside the metal dust collector (2); the fourth monitoring component (13) comprises an oxygen concentration sensor and a third temperature sensor, which are installed inside the third communicating pipe (8); the pH value sensor (20) is installed inside the collecting tank at the bottom of the washing tower (18); the fifth monitoring component (14) comprises a fourth temperature sensor and a third pressure sensor, which are installed inside the fifth communicating pipe (19); The control unit comprises a controller and an alarm module, wherein the controller is respectively connected to a first monitoring component (10), a second monitoring component (11), a third monitoring component (12), a fourth monitoring component (13), a pH sensor (20), a fifth monitoring component (14), a cyclone dust collector (1), a metal dust collector (2), a nitrogen injection device (15), a washing tower (18), a fan (3), a TO furnace (4), a heating device (17), an oxygen supply device (16), and the alarm module.

2. The intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also includes an anti-corrosion water pump (21), the water inlet of the anti-corrosion water pump (21) is connected to the liquid outlet of the mixed liquid collecting tank at the bottom of the washing tower (18), and the water outlet is connected to the fuel feed port of the TO furnace (4). At the same time, the anti-corrosion water pump (21) is connected to a controller.

3. The intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A vibrator is installed on the side of the cyclone dust collector (1); and the filter element of the cyclone dust collector (1) is a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant filter element.

4. The intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A second vibrator is installed on the side of the metal dust collector (2), and a star discharger is installed at the discharge port at the bottom.

5. The intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The fan (3) is a variable frequency fan.

6. The intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the first connecting pipe (6) are rigidly connected to the pyrolysis furnace (5) and the cyclone dust collector (1), and the connections are sealed; both ends of the second connecting pipe (7) are rigidly connected to the cyclone dust collector (1) and the metal dust collector (2), and the connections are sealed; both ends of the third connecting pipe (8) are rigidly connected to the metal dust collector (2) and the fan (3), and the connections are sealed; both ends of the fourth connecting pipe (9) are sealed to the fan (3) and the TO furnace (4).

7. An intelligent treatment method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas, using an intelligent treatment system for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Control the pyrolysis furnace (5), cyclone dust collector (1), metal dust collector (2), washing tower (18), fan (3) and TO furnace (4) to start working; Step 2: using a pyrolysis furnace (5) to perform pyrolysis treatment on waste lithium batteries, and discharging the generated waste gas into the first connecting pipe (6) through the gas outlet; at the same time, the controller obtains temperature data 1, pressure data 1 and dust concentration data 1 of the waste gas in the initial state in real time through the first monitoring component (10), and evaluates the degree of pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace (5) based on the obtained temperature data 1 and dust concentration data 1, and performs closed-loop control on the pyrolysis furnace (5) based on the evaluation result, and at the same time, compares the pressure data 1 with the set pressure threshold 1. When the pressure data 1 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 1, it is determined that the cyclone dust collector (1) has a blocking condition 1, and the pyrolysis furnace (5), the cyclone dust collector (1), the metal dust collector (2), the washing tower (18), the fan (3) and the TO furnace (4) are controlled to stop, and the alarm device is controlled to perform an alarm action 1; When the blocking condition disappears, execute step 1 again; Step 3: The exhaust gas is directed tangentially to the cyclone dust collector (1) through the first connecting pipe (6), and a swirl is formed inside the cyclone dust collector (1). The large dust particles in the exhaust gas are separated by the centrifugal force caused by the swirl, and the large dust particles collide with the wall of the device and fall to the discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (1), and are then discharged through the dust discharge valve at the discharge port. Synchronously, the treated exhaust gas is discharged into the second connecting pipe (7). At the same time, the controller obtains the pressure data 2 and the dust concentration data 2 of the exhaust gas after the first dust removal in real time through the second monitoring component (11), and compares the pressure data 2 with the set pressure threshold 2 and the set pressure threshold 3. When the pressure data 2 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold, the controller obtains the pressure data 2 and the dust concentration data 2 of the exhaust gas after the first dust removal in real time through the second monitoring component (11). When the pressure data 2 is less than or equal to the set pressure threshold value 3, it is determined that there is a leakage condition, the pyrolysis furnace (5), the cyclone dust collector (1), the metal dust collector (2), the washing tower (18), the fan (3) and the TO furnace (4) are controlled to stop, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the second warning action. When the pressure data 2 is less than or equal to the set pressure threshold value 3, it is determined that there is a leakage condition, the pyrolysis furnace (5), the cyclone dust collector (1), the metal dust collector (2), the washing tower (18), the fan (3) and the TO furnace (4) are controlled to stop, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the third warning action. At the same time, the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector (1) is calculated based on the dust concentration data 2 and the dust concentration data 1, and the cyclone dust collector (1) is closed-loop controlled based on the dust removal efficiency. When both the blocking condition 2 and the leakage condition disappear, execute step 1 again; Step 4: The exhaust gas is directed to the metal dust collector (2) through the second connecting pipe (7), the metal dust collector (2) is used to remove the metal dust in the exhaust gas, and the metal dust is discharged from the discharge valve at the bottom discharge port, and the treated exhaust gas is then discharged into the third connecting pipe (8); At the same time, the controller uses the third monitoring component (12) to obtain temperature data 2 at the filter element of the metal dust collector (2) and pressure difference data upstream and downstream of the filter element in real time, and compares the temperature data 2 with the set temperature threshold 1, and compares the pressure difference data with the set pressure difference threshold. When the temperature data 2 is greater than the set temperature threshold 1, it is determined that the high temperature anomaly 1 occurs. When the pressure difference data is greater than the set pressure difference threshold, it is determined that the filter bag resistance of the metal dust collector (2) is abnormal. When the high temperature anomaly 1 occurs, the pyrolysis furnace (5), the cyclone dust collector (1), the metal dust collector (2), the washing tower (18), the fan (3) and the TO furnace (4) are controlled to stop, and the alarm module is controlled to perform the alarm action 4. When the filter bag resistance is abnormal, the pulse spray valve on the metal dust collector (2) is controlled to open, and at the same time, the vibrator 2 is controlled to start working, and the metal dust attached to the filter bag is removed by backblowing and vibration until the filter bag resistance anomaly disappears, the pulse spray valve is controlled to close, and the vibrator 2 is controlled to stop. When the high temperature anomaly 1 disappears, step 1 is executed again. At the same time, the controller uses the fourth monitoring component (13) to obtain the oxygen content data and temperature data 3 in the exhaust gas after the secondary dust removal in real time, and compares the oxygen content data with the set oxygen content threshold value, and compares the temperature data 3 with the set temperature threshold value 2. When the oxygen content data is greater than or equal to the set oxygen content threshold value, and the temperature data 3 is greater than or equal to the set temperature threshold value 3, it is determined that there is a risk of explosion, and the alarm module is controlled to execute the warning action 5, and the nitrogen injection device (15) is controlled to start working, and nitrogen is injected into the metal dust collector (2) until the oxygen content data is less than the set oxygen content threshold value or the temperature data 3 is less than the set temperature threshold value 2; Step 5: The waste gas after secondary dust removal is transported to the air inlet of the washing tower (18) through the third connecting pipe (8), and the alkali solution is sprayed by the spraying mechanism at the top of the washing tower (18) to cause the alkali solution to react with the acidic components in the waste gas, and the tar-alkali solution mixture generated by the reaction falls into the collection tank at the bottom. At the same time, the treated waste gas is discharged into the fourth connecting pipe (9); Synchronously, the tar-alkali solution mixture in the collection tank is transported to the fuel feed port of the TO furnace (4) by using an anti-corrosion water pump (21) to serve as fuel for the TO furnace (4); At the same time, the controller uses the pH sensor (20) to obtain the pH value data of the treated mixed solution in real time, and dynamically adjusts the concentration of the sprayed alkali solution according to the pH value data until the pH value data is less than the set pH threshold; Step 6: The controller controls the blower (3) to provide a negative pressure of a set intensity, and transports the exhaust gas in the fourth connecting pipe (9) to the TO furnace (4) through the fifth connecting pipe (19), and uses the TO furnace (4) to provide an incineration environment above 500°C. At the same time, the controller controls the oxygen supply device to supply a set flow of oxygen into the TO furnace (4), so that the organic matter in the exhaust gas is fully incinerated, so that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards; At the same time, the controller obtains temperature data 4 and pressure data 3 in real time through the fifth monitoring component (14), and compares the temperature data 4 with the set temperature threshold 3, and compares the pressure data 3 with the set pressure threshold 4. When the temperature data 4 is less than the set temperature threshold 3, it is determined that there is a condensation risk, and the alarm device is controlled to perform the warning action 6, and the heating device (17) is controlled to heat the fourth connecting pipe (9) until the temperature data 4 is greater than or equal to the set temperature threshold 3, and the heating device (17) is controlled to stop the heating operation; when the pressure data 3 is greater than or equal to the set pressure threshold 4, it is determined that the TO furnace (4) is working abnormally, and the pyrolysis furnace (5), the cyclone dust collector (1), the metal dust collector (2), the washing tower (18), the fan (3) and the TO furnace (4) are controlled to stop; When the abnormal operation of the TO furnace (4) disappears, step 1 is executed again.

8. The intelligent treatment method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step five, the TO furnace (4) provides an incineration environment at a temperature above 850°C.

9. The intelligent treatment method for efficiently treating lithium battery pyrolysis waste gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step three, the discharge valve at the bottom discharge port of the metal dust collector (2) is a star-shaped discharge valve.

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