A test sample storage system based on RFID

Abstract

The present invention discloses an RFID-based test sample storage system, which specifically relates to the field of radio frequency identification technology and is used to solve the problem of traceability chain breakage caused by decoupling of identification and entity when samples are packaged, merged or consumed in the prior art. The system obtains operation instructions, and when the instruction is for packaging or consumption, detects the spatial offset of the container and the rate of change of the energy field gradient; when the rate exceeds a threshold, emits an electromagnetic pulse and collects a decaying oscillation signal, activates identification writing according to the rapid convergence characteristic of the sample entropy value; writes an associated identifier containing the original code and status mark into the new container; demodulates the return signal of the two containers and calculates the carrier and sideband energy ratio; when the energy ratio difference meets the preset range and the operation is merging, the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier are dynamically bound to the same storage path, thereby realizing automatic tracing of the sample status change throughout the process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification technology, and more particularly to an RFID-based test sample storage system. Background Art

[0002] Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, with its contactless identification and batch reading capabilities, is gradually replacing traditional barcode systems in the storage and management of laboratory samples. Existing technology, by attaching RFID tags to the surface of sample containers and combining them with fixed or handheld reader / writers, enables sample location, batch inventory, and access verification. This significantly improves operational efficiency in static storage scenarios and has been widely adopted in scenarios such as biobanks and pharmaceutical R&D centers.

[0003] However, when the physical state of the test sample changes during the storage period (such as packaging to derive new samples, merging multiple source samples, or detection consumption), the existing RFID identification system is essentially decoupled from the physical sample. That is, because the label is physically attached to the original container, any change in the physical form requires manual intervention to re-associate the identification information, resulting in a break in the sample lineage relationship and inaccurate real-time status. The error chain introduced by manual operation spreads exponentially, forming a traceability fault throughout the entire life cycle of the sample. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a test sample storage system based on RFID to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A test sample storage system based on RFID, comprising:

[0007] Instruction capture module: captures user input operation instructions based on RFID reader;

[0008] Gradient analysis module: When the operation instruction is packaging or consumption, it detects the spatial offset direction of the original sample container and analyzes the gradient change rate of its own emission energy field;

[0009] Entropy judgment activation module: When the gradient change rate exceeds the set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted to the original sample container and the decaying oscillation signal is collected to obtain the sample entropy value change curve. When the sample entropy value shows a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state, the associated identifier writing operation is activated;

[0010] Identification writing module: writing an associated identifier including the original sample container code and status change mark into the new container;

[0011] Sideband calculation module: demodulates the return signals from the original sample container and the new container, and calculates the energy ratio between the signal carrier and the first-order sideband of each container;

[0012] Merge and bind module: When the energy ratio difference between the original sample container and the new container is within a preset range and the operation instruction is to merge, the code and associated identifier of the sample to be merged are bound to the same storage path.

[0013] Furthermore, the radio frequency identification reader captures the operation instructions input by the user, including:

[0014] The RFID reader receives the operation instructions triggered by the user through the physical button;

[0015] The type of operation instruction parsed by the RFID reader is a subpackaging instruction, a consumption instruction, or a merging instruction.

[0016] Furthermore, when the operation instruction is to repack or consume, detecting the spatial offset direction of the original sample container and analyzing the gradient change rate of the self-emission energy field includes:

[0017] The radio frequency identification reader reads the operation instruction, and when the operation instruction is a subpackaging instruction or a consumption instruction, the antenna array of the original sample container is activated to transmit a detection signal;

[0018] receiving a phase difference signal backscattered from an original sample container;

[0019] Calculating the spatial offset direction according to the projection component of the phase difference signal in the three-dimensional coordinate system;

[0020] Increase the transmission power at preset time intervals and record the energy field intensity value;

[0021] The gradient change rate is calculated based on the energy field intensity values ​​at consecutive time points and the change per unit time is used as the gradient change rate.

[0022] Furthermore, when the gradient change rate exceeds a set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted to the original sample container and a decaying oscillation signal is collected to obtain a sample entropy value change curve. When the sample entropy value exhibits a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state, an associated identifier writing operation is activated, including:

[0023] When the gradient change rate exceeds the set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse trigger instruction including a timestamp is generated;

[0024] transmitting an electromagnetic pulse of a specific frequency to the original sample container according to an electromagnetic pulse trigger instruction;

[0025] collecting an amplitude sequence of a decaying oscillation signal returned by the original sample container;

[0026] Calculate the probability distribution of the amplitude sequence and generate the sample entropy change curve;

[0027] Detect whether the downward slope of the sample entropy value change curve continues to exceed the preset slope threshold;

[0028] When the downward slope continues to exceed the preset slope threshold, the fluctuation range of the sample entropy value change curve is monitored;

[0029] When the fluctuation range is continuously smaller than the preset fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the sample entropy value exhibits rapid convergence characteristics and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state;

[0030] Generates an association identifier write operation activation signal.

[0031] Furthermore, an associated identifier including the original sample container code and the status change flag is written to the new container, including:

[0032] The RFID reader receives an activation signal for an associated identifier write operation;

[0033] Obtain the container code of the electronic label code storage area of ​​the original sample container;

[0034] Generate a state change mark according to the operation instruction type;

[0035] Combine the container code and the state change flag into a correlation identifier data block;

[0036] Activate the write permission for the electronic tag user storage area of ​​the new container;

[0037] Write the associated identifier data block to the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of the new container.

[0038] Furthermore, the return signals of the original sample container and the new container are demodulated, and the energy ratio of the signal carrier and the first-order sideband of each container is calculated, including:

[0039] Sending query instructions to the original sample container and the new container simultaneously;

[0040] receiving a first response signal returned by the original sample container and a second response signal returned by the new container;

[0041] Performing orthogonal demodulation on the first response signal and the second response signal to separate the carrier components and obtain carrier energy;

[0042] Detect the energy values ​​of the symmetrical frequency points on both sides of the center frequency point as the first-order sideband energy;

[0043] Calculate the ratio of carrier energy to first-order sideband energy;

[0044] A first energy ratio of the original sample container and a second energy ratio of the new container are generated.

[0045] Furthermore, the carrier energy is obtained by extracting the energy value of the center frequency point of the carrier component.

[0046] Furthermore, when the energy ratio difference between the original sample container and the new container is within a preset range and the operation instruction is to merge, the code and the associated identifier of the sample to be merged are bound to the same storage path, including:

[0047] calculating an absolute difference between a first energy ratio value of the original sample container and a second energy ratio value of the new container;

[0048] When the absolute difference is less than the preset difference threshold and the operation instruction is a merge instruction, the code of the sample to be merged in the electronic label code storage area of ​​the new container is read;

[0049] Obtaining the associated identifier from the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of the original sample container;

[0050] Sending a binding request containing the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier to the backend database;

[0051] The backend database creates a mapping relationship between the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier in the storage path index table;

[0052] The backend database returns a binding completion confirmation signal to the RFID reader.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] 1. Through the collaborative mechanism of gradient analysis and entropy judgment activation, real-time and accurate capture of sample status changes is achieved. When the operation instruction is packaging or consumption, the spatial displacement of the container can be identified by the rate of change of the RF energy field gradient to capture the position offset; then a customized electromagnetic pulse is emitted and the entropy value convergence characteristics of the sample decay oscillation signal are analyzed to determine the sample phase change or packaging completion event within the time window. The status monitoring closed loop formed by the two solves the problem of sample status inaccuracy caused by traditional systems relying on manual observation or lagging sensors, ensuring that the status change is locked in an instant. Based on the activation signal, an associated identifier containing the original code and status mark is automatically generated and directly written into the new container electronic tag, building a real-time link between the physical sample and the digital identification, eliminating the risk of identification fault caused by human intervention.

[0055] 2. By demodulating the return signals of the two containers, the energy ratio of the carrier and the first-order sideband is extracted as the physical state fingerprint. This ratio has a unique characterization capability for the changes in the dielectric properties of the sample in the container. Based on the difference threshold of the energy ratio, the storage path binding is automatically triggered when the operation instruction is to merge. This dual verification mechanism forms a dynamic association closed loop: the energy ratio difference reflects the consistency of the sample's physical state, and the instruction type controls the binding condition. The two work together to ensure that the association is established only when the sample physical state matches and the operation logic is compliant. This breaks through the limitation of traditional RFID systems that rely solely on code matching, and provides a fully automatic and interference-resistant traceability chain guarantee for sample merging operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an RFID-based test sample storage system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example: Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an RFID-based test sample storage system of the present invention is provided. The RFID-based test sample storage system includes:

[0059] Instruction capture module: captures user input operation instructions based on RFID reader;

[0060] Gradient analysis module: When the operation instruction is packaging or consumption, it detects the spatial offset direction of the original sample container and analyzes the gradient change rate of its own emission energy field;

[0061] Entropy judgment activation module: When the gradient change rate exceeds the set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted to the original sample container and the decaying oscillation signal is collected to obtain the sample entropy value change curve. When the sample entropy value shows a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state, the associated identifier writing operation is activated;

[0062] Identification writing module: writing an associated identifier including the original sample container code and status change mark into the new container;

[0063] Sideband calculation module: demodulates the return signals from the original sample container and the new container, and calculates the energy ratio between the signal carrier and the first-order sideband of each container;

[0064] Merge and bind module: When the energy ratio difference between the original sample container and the new container is within a preset range and the operation instruction is to merge, the code and associated identifier of the sample to be merged are bound to the same storage path.

[0065] The RFID reader captures the user's input operation instructions. The specific implementation includes:

[0066] RFID readers capture user input through a physical key array. For example, the physical key array consists of 16 mechanical contact switches arranged in a 4-row, 4-column matrix, with each key corresponding to a specific function code. When a user presses a physical key labeled "Repackaging," "Consumption," or "Merge," the elastic metal sheet beneath the key deforms and contacts the copper foil contacts on the printed circuit board, forming a closed circuit. A key scanning chip on the printed circuit board polls the voltage changes on each row pin at a cycle of, for example, 5 milliseconds. When it detects that the voltage on the pin at row 3, column 2 drops from 3.3V to 0V for a duration of, for example, 10 milliseconds, it determines that the key labeled "Repackaging" has been triggered. The key scanning chip converts the row and column coordinates of the closed circuit into an 8-bit binary key-value code, where the upper 4 bits represent the row address (e.g., 0011 for row 3) and the lower 4 bits represent the column address (e.g., 0010 for column 2). The generated key-value code 00110010 is transmitted to the RFID reader's central processor via the serial peripheral interface bus.

[0067] After receiving the key-value code, the central processing unit accesses the instruction type mapping table pre-stored in the read-only memory. The instruction type mapping table contains, for example, 256 entries, each of which stores the correspondence between an 8-bit key-value code and an operation instruction type. The central processing unit compares the received key-value code 00110010 with the mapping table entries bit by bit. When it matches entry No. 12, it obtains the operation instruction type identifier "01" stored in the entry. Based on the identifier "01", the central processing unit determines that the operation instruction type is a packaging instruction. The judgment logic is: identifier "01" corresponds to a packaging instruction, "10" corresponds to a consumption instruction, and "11" corresponds to a merging instruction. During the judgment process, the central processing unit verifies that the binary bit number of the identifier must be 2. If an illegal identifier (such as "00") is identified, an exception code is written to the error log register.

[0068] After the RFID reader receives the key-value code transmitted by the key scanner chip via the serial communication interface, the central processing unit (CPU) initiates the instruction parsing state machine. The state machine first checks the parity bit of the key-value code. If the parity bit of the key-value code 00110010 is even (the code contains three "1s" and the parity bits are padded with "1s" to make the total number of "1s" even), the CPU enters the valid instruction processing state. The CPU shifts the key-value code right by 4 bits and performs a logical AND operation with the mask 00001111. The resulting value is the lower 4-bit column address 0010, which is then shifted left by 4 bits and reconstructed with the upper 4-bit row address 0011 to form the index code 00110010. The index code is used as an address offset to access the static random access memory (SRAM) instruction buffer. Page 0 of the buffer stores the instruction type parsing program. This program executes the following steps: It reads the memory location pointed to by the index code. If the memory location value is hexadecimal 0x31 (corresponding to the "split instruction" type code), it sets bit 1 of the status register to high. If it is 0x32, it sets bit 2 (consume instruction); if it is 0x33, it sets bit 3 (merge instruction). The status register value is transmitted to the RF baseband processing unit via the data bus and serves as the basis for executing subsequent instructions.

[0069] To verify the integrity of command parsing, the CPU starts a timeout detection counter after determining the operation command type. The counter starts at 0 and is clocked by a 1kHz pulse generated by dividing the 16MHz system clock. When the counter reaches a threshold, such as 1000 (corresponding to a 1-second timeout), without receiving a command confirmation signal from the RF baseband processing unit, a reset request is sent to the watchdog circuit. After receiving the operation command type data, the RF baseband processing unit encapsulates the type identifier of the subassembly command, consumption command, or merge command into a command frame. The command frame contains a 16-bit prefix code, the first four bits of which are fixed at 1000, and the following four bits are the command type identifier (for example, 1011 for a subassembly command, 1100 for a consumption command, and 1101 for a merge command). The encapsulated command frame is temporarily stored in the send buffer, awaiting subsequent module calls.

[0070] The power management unit of the RFID reader / writer synchronously activates the anti-shake filtering mechanism when the physical key is triggered. When the voltage jump signal generated by the closure of the key contact is input to the positive input of the comparator, the comparator outputs a high level to trigger the monostable trigger. The monostable trigger maintains a high-level output for, for example, 20ms, during which time it blocks subsequent voltage fluctuations. The output signal is smoothed by the resistor-capacitor filter circuit and sent to the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter samples with a 10-bit resolution. When the sampled value is greater than the digital value corresponding to the reference voltage, such as 768, a valid key interrupt signal is generated. The interrupt service routine reads the third entry address of the interrupt vector table and jumps to the instruction parsing subroutine. Before the subroutine ends, the interrupt pending flag is cleared to ensure that a single key press triggers only one instruction parsing process.

[0071] When the operation instruction is to repack or consume, the spatial offset direction of the original sample container is detected and the gradient change rate of the self-emission energy field is analyzed. The specific implementation includes:

[0072] After the central processing unit (CPU) determines that the operation instruction is a repackaging or consumption instruction, the RFID reader activates the original sample container's four-element antenna array to transmit a detection signal. The antenna array consists of four dipole antennas arranged in a square, with a spacing of, for example, half a wavelength (approximately 16.4 cm in the 915 MHz band). The CPU applies an excitation current of a specific phase to each antenna element via a digital-to-analog converter: the first element applies a 0-degree phase reference signal, the second element applies a 90-degree phase offset signal, the third element applies a 180-degree phase offset signal, and the fourth element applies a 270-degree phase offset signal. The excitation current amplitude remains constant, for example, at 100 mA, and the frequency is fixed, for example, at 915 MHz plus or minus 50 kHz. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna array form an interference field on the surface of the original sample container. When the container is spatially displaced, the metal tag generates a backscattered signal.

[0073] The RFID reader's receiving channel uses a circulator to separate the transmit and receive paths. A quadrature mixer receives the backscattered signal from the original sample container. The mixer's local oscillator signal originates from the transmit signal but is split into two paths with phase offsets of 0 and 90 degrees, respectively. The return signal is amplified by a low-noise amplifier (LNA), for example, with a gain of 60 decibels. The mixed output is then mixed with the two local oscillator signals. A low-pass filter removes high-frequency components from the mixed output, yielding an in-phase component and a quadrature component. A central processing unit (CPU) simultaneously samples the in-phase and quadrature components at a sampling rate of, for example, 2 MHz. The instantaneous phase is calculated as the inverse tangent of the quadrature component divided by the in-phase component, and the phase values ​​are continuously recorded for, for example, 100 sampling points. The phase differences between adjacent sampling points form a phase difference signal sequence. When the phase difference exceeds pi radians, phase unwrapping is performed, where the phase variation is continuous by adding twice pi multiplied by an integer coefficient.

[0074] When calculating the spatial offset direction based on the projected components of the phase difference signal in a three-dimensional coordinate system, the central processing unit establishes a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the center of the antenna array as the origin. For example, 10 consecutive phase difference signal sequences are projected onto the X, Y, and Z axes. The X-axis component is the average of the phase differences between the first and third antenna elements, the Y-axis component is the average of the phase differences between the second and fourth antenna elements, and the Z-axis component is the weighted sum of the phase differences of the four elements (with weighting coefficients such as 0.3, 0.3, 0.2, and 0.2). The projection calculation uses a sliding window with a window width of, for example, 20 sampling points and a step size of 5 sampling points. Within each window, the statistical characteristics of the projected components are calculated: the standard deviation for the X-axis component, the mean for the Y-axis component, and the range for the Z-axis component. The spatial offset direction vector consists of three components: the X-component is equal to the standard deviation multiplied by the sign function of the maximum phase difference within the window; the Y-component is equal to the mean divided by pi; and the Z-component is equal to the range multiplied by the cosine of the angle between the normal to the antenna array plane and the direction of gravity (measured by the accelerometer). The final spatial offset direction is obtained by normalizing the vector, and the normalization factor is the square root of the sum of the squares of each component.

[0075] To increase the transmit power at preset intervals and record the energy field intensity, the central processor controls the power amplifier to increase the output power in steps, for example, with a period of 50 milliseconds. The starting power is set at, for example, 20 dBm, and the power is increased in steps of, for example, 2 dB, with an upper limit of, for example, 30 dBm. After each power increase, a delay of, for example, 5 milliseconds is maintained to allow the field intensity to stabilize. The forward power and reflected power are then collected via a directional coupler. The energy field intensity is calculated as the difference between the forward and reflected power and calibrated in real time using a temperature sensor (with a temperature compensation coefficient of, for example, 0.1 milliseconds per degree Celsius change). The central processor records the power value, a timestamp (with an accuracy of 0.1 milliseconds), and the ambient temperature value in a circular buffer with a capacity of, for example, 50 data sets. The boost process is terminated when the power reaches the upper limit or the reflected power exceeds a threshold of, for example, 10 dBm. If the number of valid data sets recorded at this time is less than 30, for example, the power boost sequence is restarted.

[0076] When calculating the gradient rate of change as the change per unit time based on the energy field intensity values ​​at consecutive time points, the central processor first preprocesses the energy field intensity sequence: a median filter (with a window width of, for example, 5 points) is used to remove impulse noise, and three-point linear smoothing (with weights of, for example, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.25) is then performed to reduce random fluctuations. The preprocessed sequence is referred to as the optimized intensity sequence. The gradient rate of change is calculated as the intensity change rate at adjacent time points divided by the time interval. To suppress measurement jitter, the gradient sequence undergoes secondary processing: when the gradient values ​​of three consecutive points have the same sign, the arithmetic mean of the three points is taken as the final gradient value; when the sign changes, the original value is retained but marked as a transient point. The final output gradient rate of change is a moving average of the gradient values ​​of all non-transient points, using a moving window width of, for example, 10 points. Both the maximum and average gradient values ​​are recorded. If an abnormal time interval (e.g., greater than 100 milliseconds) or a power value jump (e.g., an absolute value greater than 5 decibel) occurs during the calculation process, the data segment is discarded and a remeasurement is triggered.

[0077] During the spatial offset direction calculation process, the central processor simultaneously monitors signal quality indicators. When the signal-to-noise ratio falls below, for example, 15 decibels, the transmit power is automatically increased by 10%. When the variance of the phase difference sequence exceeds the square of pi, an anti-multipath interference algorithm is activated. This algorithm applies a bell-shaped weighting function to the phase difference sequence and suppresses spectral components near zero frequency to re-extract effective phase information. During the three-dimensional coordinate projection calculation, the weight coefficient is dynamically adjusted: when the accelerometer detects a reader tilt angle exceeding 10 degrees, the Z-axis weight is increased by 0.1. During the power boost process, if the ambient temperature change rate exceeds 1 degree Celsius per second, the power boost is suspended and a temperature calibration cycle is inserted. After the gradient calculation is completed, the central processor encapsulates the spatial offset direction vector (including the X-axis component, Y-axis component, and Z-axis component) and the gradient change rate (including the maximum gradient value and the average gradient value) into a data structure and transmits it to the entropy judgment activation module via a parallel bus.

[0078] When the gradient change rate exceeds a set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted to the original sample container and a decaying oscillation signal is collected to obtain a sample entropy value change curve. When the sample entropy value shows a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state, the associated identifier writing operation is activated. The specific implementation includes:

[0079] When the gradient rate exceeds a set threshold, the central processing unit initiates the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) triggering process. This threshold is determined through statistical analysis of historical data: for example, 100 samples of the gradient rate during normal operation are collected, the 95th percentile value is taken as the initial threshold, and then multiplied by a safety factor, such as 1.2. The central processing unit compares the real-time gradient rate with the set threshold. If the gradient rate exceeds the threshold continuously for, for example, 50 milliseconds, an electromagnetic pulse trigger instruction is generated. The trigger instruction includes a precise timestamp provided by a high-precision clock chip based on a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator with a frequency stability of, for example, one part per million. The timestamp format is a 32-bit binary number, with the first 16 bits representing seconds and the last 16 bits representing microseconds. The trigger instruction is transmitted to the RF transmitter via a dedicated hardware queue with a queue depth of, for example, 8 levels to ensure loss-free transmission of the instruction.

[0080] In response to the electromagnetic pulse trigger command, the RF transmitter emits an electromagnetic pulse of a specific frequency toward the original sample container. This specific frequency is dynamically adjusted by the gradient change rate: the base frequency is set to, for example, 868 MHz, and the adjustment is equal to a proportionality factor multiplied by the currently measured maximum gradient value. For example, each decibel-per-second change in the proportionality factor corresponds to a 0.5 MHz frequency deviation. The transmission process utilizes a capacitor-storage pulse generator: the storage capacitor is first charged to, for example, 200 volts, then discharged to the loop antenna via a high-speed switching transistor within, for example, 2 nanoseconds. The pulse waveform is a Gaussian modulated sine wave, with an adjustable pulse width range of, for example, 1 to 10 microseconds. Transmit power is adaptively adjusted based on container distance: by reading the received signal strength indicator from the previous communication, a proportionality factor, for example, 0.8 dB of transmit power is applied per decibel of loss, to ensure a stable field strength of, for example, 10 volts per meter at the original sample container.

[0081] When collecting the amplitude sequence of the decaying oscillation signal returned from the original sample container, the receiving channel uses a time-gated sampling technique. Sampling is initiated with a delay of, for example, 0.5 microseconds after the electromagnetic pulse is transmitted. The sampling system includes a high-speed analog-to-digital converter and a digital downconverter, with a sampling rate of, for example, 100 megasamples per second. After the downconverter shifts the center frequency to baseband, the decaying oscillation signal is extracted using a digital bandpass filter with a filter bandwidth of, for example, 1 MHz. Amplitude sequence extraction utilizes an envelope detection algorithm: the absolute value of the filtered signal is taken and then passed through a low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of, for example, 100 kHz to obtain the signal envelope. An amplitude sequence is formed by continuously recording, for example, 1024 envelope sampling points, and the corresponding timestamps are recorded. When the signal-to-noise ratio falls below, for example, 20 decibels, repeated acquisition is automatically triggered, with a maximum of, for example, three repetitions.

[0082] When calculating the probability distribution of the amplitude sequence and generating the sample entropy change curve, the central processing unit divides the amplitude sequence into, for example, 10 equally spaced intervals. The number of amplitude occurrences in each interval is counted, and the probability density is calculated to be equal to the number of points in the interval divided by the total number of points. The sample entropy value is calculated based on the weighted sum of the logarithm of the probability density: the probability density of each non-zero probability interval is multiplied by the logarithm of the probability density with base 2, and then the negative sum of all intervals is calculated. To generate the change curve, sliding window processing is used: the window width is, for example, 100 sampling points, and the step size is, for example, 10 points. At each window position, the entropy value of the amplitude sequence in the current window is calculated to form a sample entropy value sequence that changes over time. The curve smoothing process uses a three-point weighted average, with weight coefficients such as 0.25, 0.5, and 0.25, to finally generate the sample entropy value change curve data.

[0083] When detecting whether the downward slope of the sample entropy value change curve continues to exceed the preset slope threshold, the central processing unit performs piecewise linear fitting on the sample entropy value change curve. The curve is divided into, for example, 20 time periods of equal length, and the least squares method is used to fit the slope of the straight line in each section. The preset slope threshold is calibrated through experiments: the initial slope of the effective attenuation process is measured 100 times on a standard test container, and the 5th percentile value is taken as the threshold benchmark. When the real-time slope is compared with the preset slope threshold, it must be satisfied that the slope of 5 consecutive time periods, for example, is less than the negative preset slope threshold. The slope calculation process includes the removal of abnormal points: when the fitting residual of a certain time period exceeds the average residual, for example 3 times, the slope data of this section is discarded and interpolated to complete it.

[0084] When the downward slope continues to exceed the preset slope threshold, the central processing unit starts the fluctuation range monitoring. The fluctuation range is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the sample entropy value change curve within a specified time window, and the time window width is, for example, 100 microseconds. The preset fluctuation threshold is set to, for example, 5% of the initial entropy value, and the initial entropy value is the first entropy value at the beginning of the decline process. The monitoring process uses overlapping windows: the window width is 100 microseconds and the step length is 10 microseconds. Each window calculates the current fluctuation range. When the fluctuation range of, for example, 10 consecutive windows is less than the preset fluctuation threshold, it is determined that a stable low-fluctuation state has been reached. In order to eliminate the influence of baseline drift, the sample entropy value change curve is subjected to first-order difference processing before monitoring.

[0085] When the fluctuation range is continuously smaller than the preset fluctuation threshold, the central processing unit comprehensively determines that the sample entropy value exhibits a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state. The judgment logic includes double verification: first, it is checked whether the downward slope condition is continuously met, and then it is confirmed whether the fluctuation range condition is continuously met. The verification process records the time mark: the starting time when the downward slope meets the standard is marked as T1, and the starting time when the fluctuation range meets the standard is marked as T2. When T2 minus T1 is less than or equal to the maximum allowable interval, for example, 200 microseconds, the final judgment result is generated. At the same time, an integrity check is performed: the duration of the entire attenuation process must be in the range of, for example, 50 microseconds to 500 microseconds, and the decrease in the total entropy value must exceed the initial value, for example, 60%.

[0086] When the activation signal for the associated identifier write operation is generated, the central processing unit sets the zeroth bit of the dedicated status register. The activation signal is transmitted to the bus controller through the optocoupler isolation circuit, and the signal pulse width is fixed to, for example, 10 microseconds. At the same time, an event log is generated: parameters such as the judgment time, final entropy value, and average value of the falling slope are recorded and stored in a non-volatile memory. To prevent false triggering, the activation signal must be verified by a watchdog circuit before it is output: check whether the RF transmitter unit status register shows that the transmission is completed, and whether the receiving channel status register shows that the data is valid. If the verification fails, an error code is generated instead of an activation signal, and the abnormality is prompted by the status indicator.

[0087] Writing an associated identifier containing the original sample container code and a status change flag to the new container, the specific implementation includes:

[0088] When the RFID reader receives an activation signal for an associated identifier write operation via the data bus, the central processing unit (CPU) initiates the write preparation process. The activation signal for an associated identifier write operation is a digital pulse signal with a fixed pulse width, for example, 10 microseconds, and an amplitude of 3.3 volts, which is transmitted through an optocoupler for isolation. The CPU triggers an interrupt service routine at the rising edge of the signal. The routine first verifies the validity of the signal by checking whether the signal duration is within the range of, for example, 9 to 11 microseconds, and whether the rise time is less than, for example, 100 nanoseconds. After the verification is passed, the CPU sets the zeroth bit of the control register as a reception confirmation flag and simultaneously starts a timeout counter with a clock frequency of, for example, 16 MHz and a count upper limit of, for example, 16,000, corresponding to a timeout period of 1 millisecond. If the subsequent operation is not completed within the timeout period, the CPU writes a timeout error code to the error log and resets the system.

[0089] To obtain the container code from the electronic tag code storage area of ​​the original sample container, the central processing unit sends a specific query command via the radio frequency baseband processing unit. The electronic tag code storage area refers to the read-only storage area pre-programmed into the tag at the factory, with a fixed address range, for example, 0x00 to 0x07. The query command uses a standard command format and includes a 16-bit prefix code, such as 1000110010100101, identifying the code read request. The tag response data frame contains a 64-bit container code, of which the first 8 bits are the manufacturer code, such as 0xA5, the middle 24 bits are the product serial number, and the last 32 bits are a unique identifier. The central processing unit performs a cyclic redundancy check on the received data, using a polynomial such as 0x1021 and a check bit length of 16 bits. If the check fails, the command is automatically resent, with a maximum of, for example, three retries. Successfully obtained container codes are temporarily stored in a dedicated buffer in the static random access memory.

[0090] To generate a state change flag based on the operation instruction type, the CPU accesses the operation instruction type register. This register stores a two-bit binary code: 01 for a disassembly instruction and 10 for a consumption instruction. The state change flag generation rule is: a disassembly instruction corresponds to a flag value, such as 0xFA, and a consumption instruction corresponds to a flag value, such as 0xFB. The flag generation process includes version control: the protocol version number is embedded in the top four bits of the flag byte; the current version is fixed at 0100, for example. A parity bit is also added: the number of "1s" in the flag byte is calculated. If the number is odd, the top bit is padded with 1 to make the total even. The resulting state change flag is an 8-bit data byte.

[0091] The central processor performs data packing to combine the container code and state change flag into an associated identifier data block. The data block format is defined as follows: the first 64 bits are the container code, followed by 8 bits for the state change flag, and the last 16 bits for the checksum. The checksum is calculated using modular arithmetic: the values ​​of each byte of the first 72 bits are sequentially added, and the result is divided by 256 to obtain the remainder. This packing process is performed with the assistance of the direct memory access controller: source address 1 is set to point to the container code buffer, source address 2 to point to the state change flag register, and the destination address to the send buffer. The data block length is fixed, for example, to 88 bits, and is stored contiguously at the start address of the send buffer. After packing is completed, data integrity verification is triggered: the checksum is recalculated and compared with the checksum field in the data block. If there is a mismatch, the error handling process is triggered.

[0092] When activating the write permission to the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of a new container, the radio frequency baseband processing unit sends an authorization command sequence. First, a selection command is sent to select the target tag. The matching condition is that the temporary identifier of the tag is equal to the value obtained in the previous inventory. After a successful match, an access command is sent. The command parameters include: storage area selection code, access password field, such as a 32-bit preset password. After the tag verification password is passed, the radio frequency baseband processing unit detects the authorization flag in the return frame. When the flag is 1, the central processing unit sets the permission ready flag of the status register. The duration of permission activation is controlled by a timer: the default is 500 milliseconds. If an abnormal signal is detected during this period, such as a sudden change of the received signal strength indication exceeding 10 decibels, the permission is terminated immediately and a security alarm is generated.

[0093] When writing the associated identifier data block to the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of the new container, the central processing unit controls the radio frequency baseband processing unit to send the write command in frames. The address range of the user storage area is defined as, for example, 0x20 to 0x7F. The data block is divided into 16-bit groups, and each group of data is sent via a separate write command. The command frame structure includes: an operation code to identify the write operation, the target address, and the write data. Each frame is sent at an interval of, for example, 2 milliseconds, waiting for the tag to return the operation status word. The status word includes a success flag and a remaining space flag. The central processing unit monitors changes in the status word: if no valid response is received for, for example, three consecutive frames, the write is aborted and marked as a failure; when the remaining space flag is 0, the storage area switching process is triggered. After the write is complete, a commit command is sent to make the data permanent. At the same time, the storage area contents are read for bit-by-bit verification. Error correction and rewriting are initiated when the error bit rate exceeds, for example, one thousandth.

[0094] During the writing of the associated identifier data block, the central processor simultaneously updates the metadata index table. This table, stored in non-volatile memory, contains a mapping between the container code and the address of the new container's user storage area. Each write operation adds a new entry: timestamp, original container code, starting address of the new container storage area, and data block length. The index table uses a cyclic overwrite mechanism. When the number of entries reaches, for example, 1000, the oldest entry is overwritten by the new one. To prevent data loss, an XOR check is performed after each update: all key fields of the entry are XORed bit by bit, and the result is stored at the end of the table. The index table integrity is automatically checked at system power-up.

[0095] Demodulate the return signals from the original sample container and the new container, and calculate the energy ratio between the carrier and the first-order sideband of the signal from each container. The specific implementation includes:

[0096] When the RFID reader simultaneously sends query commands to both the original sample container and the new container via the antenna array, the central processor controls the RF baseband processing unit to generate a dual-target activation sequence. The query command utilizes a time-division duplex (TDD) mechanism: First, a wakeup prefix code is sent for the original sample container. This prefix is, for example, 16 bits long and consists of a fixed bit sequence, such as 1010110010110011. After an interval of, for example, 100 microseconds, a wakeup prefix code is sent for the new container, consisting of a complementary sequence, such as 0101001101001100. Subsequently, a common query command frame is sent, containing an opcode identifying a dual-container query. Power allocation parameters are set to allocate, for example, 50% of the transmitted energy to the original sample container and 50% to the new container. Beamforming technology is employed during transmission: phase shifters adjust the phase differences among the four antenna elements to increase the beam gain toward the original sample container by, for example, 3 decibels, and toward the new container by, for example, 2 decibels.

[0097] When receiving the first response signal from the original sample container and the second response signal from the new container, the receiving channel initiates dual-channel parallel processing. The first response signal is received by the first and second elements of the antenna array, while the second response signal is received by the third and fourth elements. After being amplified by a low-noise amplifier (LNA), for example, by 40 decibels, the signals are fed into two independent downconversion chains. Each chain includes an automatic gain control circuit that dynamically adjusts the gain based on the amplitude of the preamble signal, with an adjustment step size of, for example, 0.5 decibels, and a maximum gain range of 60 decibels. The central processing unit monitors the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). When the RSSI of the original sample container falls below, for example, -70 dBm, a transmit power increase command is triggered. When the RSSI of the new container falls below, for example, -65 dBm, an antenna impedance matching adjustment is triggered. The two response signals are temporarily stored in separate memory areas of a dual-port static random access memory (SRAM), with a storage depth of, for example, 1024 sampling points.

[0098] When performing quadrature demodulation to separate the carrier components of the first and second response signals, the central processing unit activates the digital signal processing core. The demodulation process utilizes a quadrature local oscillator (LO) structure: two LO signals are generated for each response signal, with a 90-degree phase difference. The in-phase component of the first response signal is obtained by multiplying the signal by a zero-phase LO signal and then low-pass filtering. The quadrature component is obtained by multiplying the signal by a 90-degree phase LO signal and then low-pass filtering. The filter cutoff frequency is set to, for example, 10% of the carrier frequency. The demodulated carrier component is calculated by instantaneous amplitude calculation: the in-phase and quadrature components are squared, added, and the amplitude envelope is obtained by taking the square root of the sum. Phase error is monitored in real time during the demodulation process: if the error exceeds, for example, 0.1 radians, the LO frequency is automatically adjusted to compensate for the carrier offset.

[0099] When extracting the energy value of the center frequency point of the carrier component as the carrier energy, the central processing unit performs spectrum analysis calculation on the carrier component. The number of spectrum analysis calculation points is, for example, 1024 points, and the window function uses a weighted function that suppresses spectrum leakage. The center frequency point is located at the frequency point corresponding to the maximum value of the amplitude spectrum, and the search range is limited to within plus or minus 0.1% of the nominal carrier frequency. The carrier energy is calculated as the sum of the energies of three adjacent frequency points centered on the center frequency point: the energy of the center frequency point plus the energy of one frequency point to the left of the center frequency point and the energy of one frequency point to the right of the center frequency point. The energy value is converted to decibel milliwatt units: 10 multiplied by the logarithm of the relative value of the energy with a base of 10, and the reference energy is 1 milliwatt. After the calculation is completed, the timestamp and temperature calibration coefficient are recorded. The temperature calibration coefficient is, for example, 0.05 decibels per degree Celsius.

[0100] When the energy values ​​of the symmetrical frequency points on both sides of the center frequency point are detected as the first-order sideband energy, the spacing between the symmetrical frequency points is determined according to the modulation index. The central processing unit reads the return link frequency parameters in the tag memory. If there is no storage, the default value, such as 40 kHz, is used. Taking the center frequency point as the reference, the return link frequency offset in the low-frequency direction is the first sideband point, and the return link frequency offset in the high-frequency direction is the second sideband point. The sideband energy is calculated as the energy average of three adjacent frequency points for each of the two sideband points. In order to eliminate the influence of noise, the spectrum is smoothed before calculation: a moving average filter is used, and the window width is, for example, 5 frequency points. When the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than, for example, 15 decibels, the smoothing window is automatically expanded to 11 points.

[0101] When calculating the ratio of carrier energy to first-order sideband energy, the central processing unit performs a division operation. This ratio is defined as the carrier energy value divided by the first-order sideband energy value, and the result is converted to a decibel value. The calculation process includes outlier processing: when the first-order sideband energy falls below the noise floor, the measurement is deemed invalid and a remeasurement is triggered. When the ratio of carrier energy to first-order sideband energy exceeds, for example, 40 decibels, the gain compression compensation algorithm is activated. The compensation algorithm is based on a pre-stored nonlinear correction table: different compensation coefficients are applied for different received signal strength indicator value ranges. The ratio calculation result is temporarily stored in a register, and the temperature and environmental parameters during the measurement are also recorded.

[0102] When generating the first energy ratio value for the original sample container and the second energy ratio value for the new container, the central processing unit creates an independent data structure for each container. The first energy ratio data block contains: the ratio decibel value, the measurement timestamp, and the temperature calibration value. The second energy ratio data block has the same format. The data structure is transferred to the shared buffer via direct memory access. After the transfer is complete, the status flag is set: the first bit of the status register of the original sample container indicates that the first energy ratio is valid, and the second bit of the status register of the new container indicates that the second energy ratio is valid. At the same time, data verification is started: the checksum of the two data blocks is calculated and compared with the pre-stored checksum value. If the verification fails, the buffer is cleared and the measurement process is retriggered.

[0103] During the energy ratio calculation process, the central processor simultaneously monitors signal quality. Monitoring metrics include carrier leakage ratio, sideband symmetry, and phase noise. If any metric exceeds the limit, an error code is logged and the current measurement cycle is skipped. To ensure real-time performance, the entire process is kept within, for example, 500 microseconds. If a timeout occurs, the current process is interrupted and the signal processing chain is reset. The resulting energy ratio data is transmitted via a parallel bus.

[0104] When the energy ratio difference between the original sample container and the new container is within a preset range and the operation instruction is to merge, the code and associated identifier of the sample to be merged are bound to the same storage path. The specific implementation includes:

[0105] When calculating the absolute difference between the first energy ratio of the original sample container and the second energy ratio of the new container, the central processing unit reads the first energy ratio data block and the second energy ratio data block from the shared buffer. The absolute difference is calculated as the absolute value of the first energy ratio minus the second energy ratio, and the result is stored in a floating-point register. A preset difference threshold is set through historical data analysis: energy ratio data from, for example, 200 valid merge operations is collected, the average difference between the energy ratios of the original sample container and the new container is calculated, and 1.5 times the average is used as the threshold. A dynamic threshold adjustment mechanism is implemented: when the ambient temperature exceeds 30 degrees Celsius, the threshold is increased by, for example, 5%; when the ambient humidity is below 20%, the threshold is decreased by, for example, 3%. The calculated result is accompanied by a quality flag: when the signal-to-noise ratio of either the first energy ratio or the second energy ratio falls below 15 decibels, the quality flag is set to inactive.

[0106] When the absolute difference is less than the preset difference threshold and the operation instruction is a merge instruction, the central processing unit performs multiple conditional verifications. First, the operation instruction type register is checked: confirm that the current storage value is the binary code corresponding to the merge instruction, such as 11. Then verify the energy ratio quality flag: require that the quality flags of the two energy ratio data blocks are both in a valid state. Finally, check the time synchronization: the measurement time difference between the first energy ratio and the second energy ratio does not exceed, for example, 500 microseconds. After all conditions are met, the central processing unit sends a new container access instruction to the RF baseband processing unit. The access instruction contains a priority tag: the highest priority is given in bus arbitration to ensure that the response delay is less than, for example, 100 microseconds. If the conditional verification fails, the central processing unit records the failure reason code and triggers the exception handler.

[0107] When reading the code of the sample to be merged in the electronic tag code storage area of ​​the new container, the radio frequency baseband processing unit sends a customized read command. The address range of the electronic tag code storage area is fixed, for example, 0x00 to 0x07, and the read command contains a 16-bit prefix code, for example, 1100101010010101 to identify the code read request. The tag response frame contains a 64-bit code of the sample to be merged, of which the first 16 bits are the batch number, the middle 32 bits are the unique serial number, and the last 16 bits are the check code. The central processing unit performs a cyclic redundancy check: the generating polynomial is, for example, 0x1021, and the check bit length is 16 bits. If the check fails, it will automatically retry, for example, up to 3 times. The successfully read code of the sample to be merged is temporarily stored in a dedicated buffer of the static random access memory, and the address pointer is recorded in the configuration register. The reading process includes security verification: checking whether the tag response time is within the expected range, for example, 200 microseconds to 300 microseconds. If it is out of range, it is judged as an illegal tag.

[0108] When obtaining the associated identifier from the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of the original sample container, the central processing unit sends a specific access command. The starting address of the user storage area is set by the configuration register, for example, the default is 0x20. The access command format includes: operation code identification data reading, address field 16 bits, length field 8 bits. The tag response data contains a complete associated identifier data block, and the data block length is fixed to, for example, 88 bits. The central processing unit verifies the integrity of the data block: recalculates the checksum and compares it with the stored value in the data block. When the check fails, the data recovery process is triggered: read the copy data at the backup storage area address of the associated identifier, for example, 0x30. The obtained associated identifier is temporarily stored in the send buffer of the direct memory access controller, and the acquisition timestamp is recorded at the same time.

[0109] When a binding request containing the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier is sent to the background database, the central processing unit constructs a network data frame. The data frame structure includes: a frame header identifying the binding request type, a sample code field to be merged, an associated identifier field, and a check field. The communication protocol adopts a reliable transmission mechanism: a retransmission timer is set, for example, to 500 milliseconds, and a maximum number of retries is set, for example, to 5 times. The network interface is an Ethernet physical layer, and the transmission rate is adaptively adjusted: when the bit error rate exceeds 0.00001, the rate is reduced from 100 megabits per second to 10 megabits per second. Data encryption is performed before sending: a symmetric encryption algorithm with a key length of 256 bits is used, and the key is dynamically generated by a security chip. Link quality is monitored during transmission: when the round-trip delay exceeds 200 milliseconds, it automatically switches to a backup communication channel.

[0110] When the background database creates a mapping relationship between the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier in the storage path index table, the database management system performs transaction processing. The storage path index table structure includes: primary key field, associated identifier field, timestamp field, and status flag field. The creation process includes conflict detection: when a mapping relationship already exists for the sample code to be merged, the timestamps are compared to retain the latest record. The index table uses a tree structure to optimize query efficiency, and the node size is set to, for example, 4096 bytes. Pre-write logging is performed before the transaction is committed: the operation details are written to the transaction log file. Storage space management uses dynamic allocation: when the table space usage exceeds 80%, the table space size is automatically expanded, for example, by 20%.

[0111] When the backend database returns a binding completion confirmation signal to the RFID reader, the database management system generates a response data packet. The confirmation signal contains: operation result code, transaction identifier, and timestamp. The response data packet is transmitted through a secure channel: a message authentication code check value is added. After the RFID reader receives the confirmation signal, the central processor verifies the message authentication code: the expected value is calculated using the pre-shared key and compared with the received value. After the verification is passed, the status register is updated: the binding completion flag is set, and the operation in progress flag is cleared. At the same time, the operation log is recorded: including start time, end time, data size and other information, and the log is stored in non-volatile memory. If the confirmation signal is not received within the timeout period, for example 5 seconds, the central processor triggers an alarm and starts the transaction rollback process.

[0112] During the entire binding operation, the central processing unit implements a resource monitoring mechanism. Monitoring indicators include: reducing the frequency when the processor load rate exceeds, for example, 80%, triggering cleanup when the storage space usage rate exceeds, for example, 90%, and enabling flow control when the network bandwidth occupancy rate exceeds, for example, 70%. When any monitoring indicator exceeds the threshold for 10 seconds, the current binding operation is terminated and a system diagnostic report is generated. The diagnostic report contains a detailed resource snapshot: register status, memory content summary, task queue status, etc., and is output through a dedicated debugging interface. After the operation is completed, data consistency verification is performed: randomly select, for example, 5% of the binding records for sampling verification, and trigger a full scan when the verification failure rate exceeds 1%.

[0113] This system achieves precise sample status tracking through closed-loop data and control flows between modules. After receiving user commands, the instruction capture module triggers the gradient analysis module, which identifies the container's displacement state by analyzing the gradient changes in the RF energy field. When the gradient change rate exceeds the specified value, the entropy judgment activation module emits an electromagnetic pulse and analyzes the entropy convergence characteristics of the sample's decaying oscillation signal. The activation signal it outputs drives the identifier writing module to write an associated identifier containing the original code and status mark into the new container's electronic tag. Simultaneously, the sideband calculation module demodulates the return signals from the two containers in real time, verifying the physical state consistency through the carrier-sideband energy ratio. Finally, when the energy ratio matches and the operation is merged, the merging and binding module dynamically binds the sample code and associated identifier to be merged to the same storage path. Each module forms a three-level technical closed loop: gradient analysis and entropy judgment activation constitute the state monitoring loop, identifier writing and sideband calculation constitute the container association loop, and merging and binding constitute the data tracing loop. These three loops are dynamically coupled through instruction type and energy threshold.

[0114] This embodiment addresses the issues of dynamic sample state tracking and container association reliability through the cross-domain collaboration of electromagnetic entropy monitoring and radio frequency identification technologies. During the sample state monitoring phase, electromagnetic pulses are used to excite decaying oscillation signals and analyze the sample entropy convergence characteristics to capture state changes. The establishment of a rapid convergence criterion relies on the nonlinear interaction between the specific electromagnetic field and the sample's dielectric properties. During the container association phase, a dual-container energy ratio synchronous analysis mechanism is introduced, utilizing the relative stability of carrier and sideband energy as the association criterion, effectively overcoming the vulnerability of radio frequency signals to environmental interference. When samples are merged, a dynamic binding storage path architecture enables real-time mapping between the original sample state data and the new container identifier. This mapping mechanism, based on physical consistency verification of the energy ratio, avoids operational delays and errors caused by manual intervention. In the technical closed loop formed by these steps, electromagnetic entropy decay rate determination provides a triggering reference for identifier writing, synchronous energy ratio verification ensures reliability for storage path binding, and dynamic identifier mapping provides data link support for sample state tracing. This multi-parameter coupled feedback mechanism improves real-time tracking while significantly reducing the false association rate.

[0115] The calculations involved in the embodiments are all dimensionless numerical calculations, and the preset parameters and thresholds in the calculations are set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.

[0116] It should be noted that the present invention can be deployed on the device itself to implement embedded applications, and can also be run on a PC or other terminal with a user interface, thereby meeting various hardware environments and usage requirements.

[0117] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part via software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are fully or partially performed. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wireless or wired transmission. Wired transmission methods include optical fiber, twisted pair, coaxial cable, etc.; wireless transmission methods include infrared, microwave, etc. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains a collection of one or more available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. Semiconductor media can be solid-state drives.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0119] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0120] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0121] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0122] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0123] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0124] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test sample storage system based on RFID, characterized in that: include: Instruction capture module: captures user input operation instructions based on RFID reader; Gradient analysis module: When the operation instruction is packaging or consumption, it detects the spatial offset direction of the original sample container and analyzes the gradient change rate of its own emission energy field; Entropy judgment activation module: When the gradient change rate exceeds the set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted to the original sample container and the decaying oscillation signal is collected to obtain the sample entropy value change curve. When the sample entropy value shows a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state, the associated identifier writing operation is activated; Identification writing module: writing an associated identifier including the original sample container code and status change mark into the new container; Sideband calculation module: demodulates the return signals from the original sample container and the new container, and calculates the energy ratio between the signal carrier and the first-order sideband of each container; Merge and bind module: When the energy ratio difference between the original sample container and the new container is within a preset range and the operation instruction is to merge, the code and associated identifier of the sample to be merged are bound to the same storage path.

2. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RFID reader captures user input operation instructions, including: The RFID reader receives the operation instructions triggered by the user through the physical button; The type of operation instruction parsed by the RFID reader is a subpackaging instruction, a consumption instruction, or a merging instruction.

3. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the operation instruction is to dispense or consume, the spatial offset direction of the original sample container is detected and the gradient change rate of the self-emission energy field is analyzed, including: The radio frequency identification reader reads the operation instruction, and when the operation instruction is a subpackaging instruction or a consumption instruction, the antenna array of the original sample container is activated to transmit a detection signal; receiving a phase difference signal backscattered from an original sample container; Calculating the spatial offset direction according to the projection component of the phase difference signal in the three-dimensional coordinate system; Increase the transmission power at preset time intervals and record the energy field intensity value; The gradient change rate is calculated based on the energy field intensity values ​​at consecutive time points and the change per unit time is used as the gradient change rate.

4. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the gradient change rate exceeds a set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse is emitted to the original sample container and a decaying oscillation signal is collected to obtain a sample entropy value change curve. When the sample entropy value exhibits a rapid convergence characteristic and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state, an associated identifier writing operation is activated, including: When the gradient change rate exceeds the set threshold, an electromagnetic pulse trigger instruction including a timestamp is generated; transmitting an electromagnetic pulse of a specific frequency to the original sample container according to an electromagnetic pulse trigger instruction; collecting an amplitude sequence of a decaying oscillation signal returned by the original sample container; Calculate the probability distribution of the amplitude sequence and generate the sample entropy change curve; Detect whether the downward slope of the sample entropy value change curve continues to exceed the preset slope threshold; When the downward slope continues to exceed the preset slope threshold, the fluctuation range of the sample entropy value change curve is monitored; When the fluctuation range is continuously smaller than the preset fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the sample entropy value exhibits rapid convergence characteristics and reaches a stable low-fluctuation state; Generates an association identifier write operation activation signal.

5. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Write an associated identifier containing the original sample container code and a status change flag to the new container, including: The RFID reader receives an activation signal for an associated identifier write operation; Obtain the container code of the electronic label code storage area of ​​the original sample container; Generate a state change mark according to the operation instruction type; Combine the container code and the state change flag into a correlation identifier data block; Activate the write permission for the electronic tag user storage area of ​​the new container; Write the associated identifier data block to the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of the new container.

6. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Demodulate the return signals from the original sample container and the new container, and calculate the energy ratio between the carrier and the first-order sideband of the signal from each container, including: Sending query instructions to the original sample container and the new container simultaneously; receiving a first response signal returned by the original sample container and a second response signal returned by the new container; Performing orthogonal demodulation on the first response signal and the second response signal to separate the carrier components and obtain carrier energy; Detect the energy values ​​of the symmetrical frequency points on both sides of the center frequency point as the first-order sideband energy; Calculate the ratio of carrier energy to first-order sideband energy; A first energy ratio of the original sample container and a second energy ratio of the new container are generated.

7. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The carrier energy is obtained by extracting the energy value of the center frequency point of the carrier component.

8. The RFID-based test sample storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the energy ratio difference between the original sample container and the new container is within a preset range and the operation instruction is to merge, the code and associated identifier of the sample to be merged are bound to the same storage path, including: calculating an absolute difference between a first energy ratio value of the original sample container and a second energy ratio value of the new container; When the absolute difference is less than the preset difference threshold and the operation instruction is a merge instruction, the code of the sample to be merged in the electronic label code storage area of ​​the new container is read; Obtaining the associated identifier from the user storage area of ​​the electronic tag of the original sample container; Sending a binding request containing the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier to the backend database; The backend database creates a mapping relationship between the sample code to be merged and the associated identifier in the storage path index table; The backend database returns a binding completion confirmation signal to the RFID reader.

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