Air-cooling and water-cooling integrated dry-type transformer

Abstract

The invention provides an air-cooling and water-cooling integrated dry-type transformer, and relates to the field of transformers. The air-cooling and water-cooling integrated dry-type transformer comprises a transformer body, an annular gap is reserved between a primary winding insulating layer and a secondary winding insulating layer of the transformer body, a cooling pipeline is installed in the annular gap, a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are arranged in the cooling pipeline, and the section of the cooling pipeline is in an 8 shape; according to the air-cooling and water-cooling integrated dry-type transformer, air cooling and water cooling are cooperatively used for heat dissipation, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the 8-shaped cooling pipeline is arranged, cooling liquid circularly absorbs heat of the winding through the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel, the spiral design increases the contact area and duration, the air cooling channel conducts double air cooling on the surface of the winding and the surface of the cooling liquid pipeline through the air spraying holes, and the cooling efficiency is improved. And the splayed structure of the gas spraying holes promotes gas-liquid heat exchange, the synergistic effect of assisting water cooling with air cooling and promoting air cooling with water cooling is formed, and the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transformers, and in particular to an air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer. Background Art

[0002] A dry-type transformer refers to a transformer whose core and windings are not immersed in insulating oil. Its structure mainly consists of two parts: high and low voltage windings and an iron core. The high and low voltage windings are insulated by casting epoxy resin. The characteristics of dry-type transformers include small size, light weight, small space occupation, low installation cost, safety, pollution-free, and can be operated directly at the load center; since the voltage of the low-voltage winding (secondary winding) is low and the insulation requirements are relatively loose, it is usually arranged on the inside close to the iron core. The high-voltage winding (primary winding) has a higher voltage and requires a larger insulation distance, so it is arranged on the outside of the low-voltage winding, leaving sufficient insulation gap between the iron core and the low-voltage winding. In a dry-type transformer, when the primary winding is connected to an AC power supply, the alternating current passes through the winding to generate an alternating magnetic field. The magnetic lines of force are mainly closed through the iron core, and the alternating magnetic field induces an electromotive force in the secondary winding. If the secondary winding is connected to a load, an alternating current is generated to realize power transfer.

[0003] Traditional dry-type transformers use air cooling to dissipate heat. Under high load, high temperature or high power conditions, for example, when the transformer capacity exceeds 2000kVA or is installed in a confined space with poor ventilation, the air cooling efficiency is low, resulting in insufficient heat dissipation capacity, which in turn causes excessive winding temperatures, accelerated insulation aging, and even affects the life and safety of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer, which solves the problem of poor heat dissipation capacity.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer, comprising a transformer body, an annular gap is left between the primary winding insulation layer and the secondary winding insulation layer of the transformer body, a cooling pipe is installed in the annular gap, a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are provided in the cooling pipe, so that the cross-section of the cooling pipe forms an "8" shape, one end of the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are connected through a guide hole to form a coolant circulation path, an air cooling channel is also provided in the cooling pipe, and a plurality of jet holes are arranged along the path of the air cooling channel.

[0006] A film that matches its cross section is installed inside the liquid inlet channel, and a notch is provided in the cooling pipe. The gas in the air cooling channel enters the notch and uses air pressure to push the film to deform.

[0007] Preferably, the portion of the cooling pipe located in the annular gap is spiral-shaped and matches the cross-section of the annular gap.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the air jet hole is in an "eight" shape, and two air jet ends of the air jet hole are respectively directed toward the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel.

[0009] Preferably, the film is made of elastic material.

[0010] Preferably, the film has two fixed ends, which are respectively located on both sides of the notch and fixed in the water inlet channel.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling pipe includes a spiral pipe, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe. The spiral pipe is located in the annular gap. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel of the spiral pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the air cooling channel.

[0012] Preferably, the transformer body further comprises a support, on which an air pump, a water pump and a drainage pump fixed relative thereto are mounted, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air pump, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to the water pump and the drainage pump respectively.

[0013] Preferably, a cold water tank is mounted on the support and is fixed relative to the support, and both the water pump and the drainage pump are connected to the cold water tank via water pipes.

[0014] Preferably, the air inlet pipe is located between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is in contact with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the transformer body further comprises an iron core, which is located inside the insulation layers of the secondary windings. A solenoid valve is installed at the front end of the air inlet pipe, and two temperature sensors fixed relative to the insulation layers of the secondary windings are installed on the iron core.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: it adopts air cooling and water cooling to synergistically dissipate heat, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. By providing an "8"-shaped cooling pipe, the coolant circulates through the liquid inlet and outlet channels to absorb the heat of the winding. The spiral design increases the contact area and duration. The air cooling channel uses the air jet holes to dually cool the winding and the coolant pipe surface. The "8"-shaped structure of the air jet holes promotes gas-liquid heat exchange, forming the effect of "air cooling assists water cooling, and water cooling promotes air cooling". At the same time, the film is deformed by air pressure, disturbing the coolant, breaking the boundary layer, and further improving the heat exchange efficiency. Compared with the traditional single air cooling method, the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved, the winding temperature under high load and high temperature conditions is effectively controlled, insulation aging is slowed down, and safe and stable operation of the equipment is ensured. The "8"-shaped cooling pipe fully utilizes the annular gap between the primary winding insulation layer and the secondary winding insulation layer of the transformer, has a compact structure, and occupies less space. Compared with the traditional heat dissipation structure, there is no need to occupy too much additional space to arrange independent air cooling or water cooling components, and a high degree of integration of air cooling and water cooling is achieved in a limited space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the transformer body of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the transformer body of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling pipeline of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a top view of the transformer body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the iron core and temperature sensor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the spiral pipeline of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the spiral pipeline and the solenoid valve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the end of the spiral pipe of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the spiral pipe and film of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when the gas in the air-cooling channel presses against the film;

[0027] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view of the film of the present invention after deformation.

[0028] Among them: 1. Transformer body; 101. Primary winding insulation layer; 102. Secondary winding insulation layer; 103. Iron core; 104. Support; 2. Annular gap; 3. Cooling pipe; 301. Spiral pipe; 3011. Liquid inlet channel; 3012. Liquid outlet channel; 3013. Air cooling channel; 3014. Diversion hole; 302. Water inlet pipe; 303. Water outlet pipe; 304. Air inlet pipe; 4. Jet hole; 5. Film; 6. Notch; 7. Temperature sensor; 8. Solenoid valve; 9. Air pump; 10. Water pump; 11. Drain pump; 12. Cold water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] like Figures 1-11As shown, an air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer includes a transformer body 1, an annular gap 2 is left between the primary winding insulation layer 101 and the secondary winding insulation layer 102 of the transformer body 1, a cooling pipe 3 is installed in the annular gap 2, and the cooling pipe 3 is fixed relative to the transformer body 1. The transformer body 1 also includes a support 104, on which an air pump 9, a water pump 10 and a drainage pump 11 are installed that are fixed relative to the support 104. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air pump 9, and the water inlet pipe 302 and the water outlet pipe 303 are respectively connected to the water pump 10 and the drainage pump 11. The pump 10 is connected to the drainage pump 11, and a cold water tank 12 fixed relatively thereto is installed on the support 104. A water inlet and a water extraction port are provided on the cover of the cold water tank 12. The water extraction pump 10 and the drainage pump 11 are connected to the cold water tank 12 through a water pipe. A liquid inlet channel 3011 and a liquid outlet channel 3012 are provided in the cooling pipe 3, so that the cross section of the cooling pipe 3 forms an "8" shape. The portion of the cooling pipe 3 located in the annular gap 2 is spiral and adapted to the cross section of the annular gap 2. The liquid inlet channel 3011 and the liquid outlet channel 3012 are connected to each other through a water pipe. The ends are connected through the guide hole 3014 to form a coolant circulation path to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the primary winding and the secondary winding. The cooling pipe 3 includes a spiral pipe 301, a water inlet pipe 302, a water outlet pipe 303 and an air inlet pipe 304. The spiral pipe 301 is located in the annular gap 2. The water inlet pipe 302 and the water outlet pipe 303 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel 3011 and the liquid outlet channel 3012 of the spiral pipe 301. The air inlet pipe 304 is connected to the air cooling channel 3013. The air inlet pipe 304 is located between the water inlet pipe 302 and the water outlet pipe 303. The cooling pipe 3 is provided with an air-cooling channel 3013, and the air-cooling channel 3013 is provided with a plurality of air-jet holes 4 arranged along the path thereof. One group of the air-jet holes 4 is used to spray air toward the primary winding insulation layer 101, and the other group of the air-jet holes 4 is used to spray air toward the secondary winding insulation layer 102. One end of the air-jet hole 4 is in an "eight" shape, and two of the air-jet ends of the air-jet hole 4 are respectively directed toward the liquid inlet channel 3011 and the liquid outlet channel 3012.

[0030] A film 5 that matches its cross-section is installed inside the liquid inlet channel 3011. The film 5 is made of elastic material, such as silicone rubber, and can be deformed under air pressure extrusion. It can return to its original shape when the extrusion force is lost. The film 5 has two fixed ends, and the two fixed ends of the film 5 are respectively located on both sides of the slot 6 and fixed in the water inlet channel. A slot 6 is provided in the cooling pipe 3. The gas in the air-cooling channel 3013 enters the slot 6 and uses air pressure to push the film 5 to deform. The transformer body 1 also includes an iron core 103, which is located on the inner side of several secondary winding insulation layers 102. An electromagnetic valve 8 is installed at the front end of the air inlet pipe 304, and two temperature sensors 7 fixed relative to the secondary winding insulation layer 102 are installed on the iron core 103.

[0031] Working principle:

[0032] During normal use of the transformer body 1, the iron core 103, the secondary winding insulation layer and the winding inside the secondary winding insulation layer 102 are prone to generate high heat. In the annular gap 2 between the primary winding insulation layer 101 and the secondary winding insulation layer 102 of the transformer body 1, the spiral cooling pipe 3 fits tightly, greatly increasing the contact area between the cooling pipe 3 and the secondary winding insulation layer 102, which is beneficial to the subsequent heat exchange work; the cross section of the cooling pipe 3 is in the shape of an "8", and a liquid inlet channel 30 is formed inside. 11 and the liquid outlet channel 3012, and are connected through the guide hole 3014 to form a coolant circulation path. When the transformer generates heat during operation, the water pump 10 on the support 104 draws the coolant out of the cold water tank 12 and pumps it into the liquid inlet channel 3011 through the water inlet pipe 302. When the coolant flows through the spiral liquid inlet channel 3011, it then enters the liquid outlet channel 3012 through the guide hole 3014, absorbs the heat transferred from the primary winding and the secondary winding, and the temperature rises. Finally, it is sent back to the cold water tank 12 by the drainage pump 11 for cooling, completing a coolant cycle.

[0033] At the same time, since the air inlet pipe 304 is connected to the air cooling channel 3013, the air pump 9 pumps external air 9 into the air cooling channel 3013, and the air jet holes 4 arranged along the path in the air cooling channel 3013 play an air cooling role, wherein one group of air jet holes 4 sprays air toward the primary winding insulation layer 101, and the other group of air jet holes 4 sprays air toward the secondary winding insulation layer 102, thereby accelerating the air flow on the surface of the winding by forced convection, and quickly taking away the heat emitted by the winding; it should be noted that one end of the air jet hole 4 is in an "eight" shape, and its two air jet ends are respectively directed toward the liquid inlet channel 3011 and the liquid outlet channel 3012, which can not only cool the surface of the coolant pipeline by air, but also promote heat exchange between the coolant and the pipeline, thereby further improving the heat dissipation effect; in addition, if Figures 9-11 As shown, after the gas in the air-cooling channel 3013 enters the slot 6, the air pressure is used to push the elastic material film 5 to deform. The deformation of the film 5 increases the flow disturbance of the coolant in the liquid inlet channel 3011, breaks the boundary layer during the flow of the coolant, makes the heat exchange between the coolant and the pipe wall more sufficient, and effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the water cooling.

[0034] Next, the two temperature sensors 7 installed on the iron core 103 monitor the temperature condition of the transformer in real time. When the temperature exceeds the set threshold, the temperature sensor 7 transmits a signal to the control system. The control system controls the solenoid valve 8 to open, increase the air intake of the air cooling channel 3013, and adjust the working power of the water pump 10 and the drainage pump 11 to speed up the circulation speed of the coolant, realize intelligent adjustment of the heat dissipation system, and ensure that the transformer body 1 can maintain a good heat dissipation effect under different working conditions; In summary, the air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer can solve the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of traditional dry-type transformers; Traditional dry-type transformers only use air cooling. Under high load, high temperature environment or high power conditions, especially when the transformer capacity exceeds 2000kVA or is installed in a confined space with poor ventilation, the air cooling efficiency will drop significantly, resulting in excessive winding temperature, accelerated insulation aging, and affecting the life and safety of the equipment; The transformer adopts an air-cooled and water-cooled integrated design. Through the circulation of coolant in a water-cooled manner, it can continuously and efficiently absorb a large amount of heat generated by the winding. Compared with simple air cooling, its heat dissipation capacity is improved. Air cooling makes up for the shortcomings of single water cooling in air convection heat dissipation. The two work together to form a comprehensive, multi-level heat dissipation system.

[0035] The spiral design of the cooling pipe 3 within the annular gap 2, as well as the provision of the air jets 4 and film 5, further enhance heat exchange efficiency. The spiral cooling pipe 3 increases the contact time and area between the coolant and the windings, the air jets 4 achieve dual air cooling of the windings and the coolant pipes, and the disturbing effect of the film 5 enhances the water cooling effect. These designs work together to control the winding temperature within a reasonable range even under harsh operating conditions such as high loads and high temperatures, effectively slowing the aging of the insulation, extending the service life of the equipment, and ensuring the safety and stability of its operation. Even in confined spaces with poor ventilation, the transformer can maintain good heat dissipation performance due to the stable heat dissipation of the water cooling system, combined with the forced convection of the air cooling system. This overcomes the limitations of traditional air-cooled dry-type transformers and provides a strong guarantee for the reliable operation of power equipment.

[0036] It should be noted that the "8"-shaped cooling pipe 3 fully utilizes the annular gap 2 between the transformer's primary winding insulation layer 101 and the secondary winding insulation layer 102. Its compact structure optimizes the internal space layout of the transformer. Compared with the traditional heat dissipation structure, it does not need to occupy too much extra space to arrange independent air-cooling or water-cooling components, and achieves a high degree of integration of air cooling and water cooling in a limited space. At the same time, the spiral design of the cooling pipe 3 further fits the cross-sectional shape of the annular gap 2. Without increasing the external dimensions of the transformer, it maximizes the contact area between the cooling pipe 3 and the winding, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. This compact structural design not only makes the overall size of the transformer smaller and easier to install and transport, but is also suitable for space-constrained application scenarios, such as confined spaces with poor ventilation or places with strict requirements on equipment size, expanding the application range of the transformer.

[0037] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer, comprising a transformer body (1), characterized in that: An annular gap (2) is left between the primary winding insulation layer (101) and the secondary winding insulation layer (102) of the transformer body (1), a cooling pipe (3) is installed in the annular gap (2), a liquid inlet channel (3011) and a liquid outlet channel (3012) are provided in the cooling pipe (3), so that the cross section of the cooling pipe (3) forms an "8" shape, one end of the liquid inlet channel (3011) and the liquid outlet channel (3012) are connected through a guide hole (3014) to form a cooling liquid circulation path, an air cooling channel (3013) is also provided in the cooling pipe (3), and a plurality of air jet holes (4) arranged along the path of the air cooling channel (3013) are provided in the air cooling channel (3013); A film (5) adapted to the cross section of the liquid inlet channel (3011) is installed inside the liquid inlet channel (3011), a notch (6) is provided inside the cooling pipe (3), and the gas in the air cooling channel (3013) enters the notch (6) and uses the air pressure to push the film (5) to deform.

2. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the cooling pipe (3) located in the annular gap (2) is spiral-shaped and adapted to the cross section of the annular gap (2).

3. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the jet hole (4) is in an "eight" shape, and two jet ends of the jet hole (4) face the liquid inlet channel (3011) and the liquid outlet channel (3012) respectively.

4. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film (5) is made of elastic material.

5. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The film (5) has two fixed ends, and the two fixed ends of the film (5) are respectively located on both sides of the notch (6) and fixed in the water inlet channel.

6. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (3) comprises a spiral pipe (301), a water inlet pipe (302), a water outlet pipe (303) and an air inlet pipe (304); the spiral pipe (301) is located in the annular gap (2); the water inlet pipe (302) and the water outlet pipe (303) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel (3011) and the liquid outlet channel (3012) of the spiral pipe (301); and the air inlet pipe (304) is connected to the air cooling channel (3013).

7. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transformer body (1) further comprises a support (104), on which an air pump (9), a water pump (10) and a drainage pump (11) are mounted and fixed relative thereto; one end of an air inlet pipe is connected to the air pump (9), and a water inlet pipe (302) and a water outlet pipe (303) are respectively connected to the water pump (10) and the drainage pump (11).

8. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cold water tank (12) fixed relative to the support (104) is installed on the support (104), and the water pump (10) and the drainage pump (11) are both connected to the cold water tank (12) through water pipes.

9. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (304) is located between the water inlet pipe (302) and the water outlet pipe (303), and the air inlet pipe (304) is in contact with the water inlet pipe (302) and the water outlet pipe (303).

10. The air-cooled and water-cooled integrated dry-type transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transformer body (1) further comprises an iron core (103), the iron core (103) being located inside a plurality of secondary winding insulation layers (102), a solenoid valve (8) being installed at the front end of the air inlet pipe (304), and two temperature sensors (7) being fixed relative to the secondary winding insulation layers (102) being installed on the iron core (103).

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