Connecting end of fuse and fuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a connecting end of a fuse and the fuse. The connecting end of the fuse comprises a substrate, wherein one side of the substrate is connected with a fusing chip; the transition layer is arranged on one side, far away from the fusing chip, of the substrate; the connecting layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the transition layer, the transition layer is used for connecting the substrate and the connecting layer, the thickness of the transition layer is smaller than that of the connecting layer, and the substrate, the transition layer and the connecting layer are all made of conductive materials. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the transition layer is arranged between the substrate of the connecting end and the connecting layer. The thickness of the transition layer is smaller than that of the connecting layer and the substrate, and the transition layer has good ductility and flexibility. When the substrate and the connecting layer deform, deformation stress is borne, the stress generated by deformation is uniformly distributed on the connecting layer, the overall deformation of the connecting end is more coordinated, the connecting end is prevented from generating crack failure, and the stability of the fuse when the fuse is used in a high-vacuum, strong-vibration and strong-impact aerospace environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical components, and in particular to a connection terminal of a fuse and a fuse. Background Art

[0002] Fuses, commonly known as fuses, are typically connected in series upstream of critical components or equipment in electrical systems. When the current flowing through the system suddenly increases and persists for a certain period, the fuse overheats and melts, disconnecting the circuit and protecting critical downstream components or equipment.

[0003] To meet the demands of high-precision, miniaturized strategic weapon models, fuse-type fuses are prohibited in aerospace and other military defense sectors. Instead, square tube-type membrane surface-mount fuses, which can operate stably in high vacuum, high vibration, and high shock environments, are often used. However, the external terminals of existing square tube-type membrane surface-mount fuses are prone to cracking in these environments, leading to fuse failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a connection end of a fuse and a fuse, so as to avoid cracks in the connection end of the fuse and thus prevent failure, thereby improving the stability and service life of the fuse.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connection terminal of a fuse, comprising:

[0006] a substrate, one side of which is connected to one end of the fuse chip;

[0007] a transition layer, disposed on a side of the substrate away from the fuse chip;

[0008] The connecting layer is arranged on the side of the transition layer away from the substrate. The transition layer is used to connect the substrate and the connecting layer. The thickness of the transition layer is less than that of the connecting layer. The substrate, the transition layer and the connecting layer are all made of conductive materials.

[0009] Optionally, the connection layer includes: a first metal layer and a second metal layer;

[0010] The first metal layer is arranged on a side of the transition layer away from the substrate, and the first metal layer is used to protect the transition layer and the substrate; the second metal layer is arranged on a side of the first metal layer away from the substrate, and the second metal layer is used for welding.

[0011] Optionally, the thickness of the transition layer is smaller than the thickness of the first metal layer, and the thickness of the first metal layer is smaller than the thickness of the second metal layer.

[0012] Optionally, the transition layer comprises copper.

[0013] Optionally, the first metal layer includes nickel, and the second metal layer includes tin-lead.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fuse is provided, comprising a fuse chip and at least one connecting terminal of the fuse according to any one of the first aspects.

[0015] Optionally, the fuse further comprises: a shell; two ends of the fuse chip are respectively connected to the bases of the two connecting terminals; the shell wraps the fuse chip and the connecting terminals and exposes the connecting layer.

[0016] Optionally, the fuse further includes an arc suppression layer, the arc suppression layer is adjacent to the fuse chip, and the arc suppression layer is used for flame retardancy.

[0017] Optionally, the fuse further includes: a filling layer, the filling layer is arranged between the fuse chip and the shell, and the filling layer is used to avoid vibration.

[0018] Optionally, the material of the shell includes ceramic.

[0019] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention provides a transition layer between the base and the connecting layer of the connector. The thickness of the transition layer is less than that of the connecting layer and the base, and it has good ductility and flexibility. Therefore, when the base and the connecting layer deform, they absorb the deformation stress from the base and the connecting layer, evenly distributing the stress generated by the deformation across the connecting layer. This makes the overall deformation of the connector more coordinated, avoids cracks between the base and the connecting layer, and improves the stability of the connector when used in aerospace environments subject to high vacuum, strong vibration, and strong impact.

[0020] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fuse connection terminal in the related art;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a connection terminal of a fuse provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a connection terminal of another fuse provided in an embodiment of the present invention

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a fuse provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of another fuse provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another fuse provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fuse connection terminal in the related art. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a connection terminal of a fuse provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2The connecting end 10 of the fuse includes: a substrate 100, one side of the substrate 100 is connected to one end of the fuse chip 20; a transition layer 200, which is arranged on the side of the substrate 100 away from the fuse chip 20; and a connecting layer 300, which is arranged on the side of the transition layer 200 away from the substrate 100. The transition layer 200 is used to connect the substrate 100 and the connecting layer 300. The thickness of the transition layer 200 is less than the thickness of the connecting layer 300. The substrate 100, the transition layer 200 and the connecting layer 300 are all made of conductive materials.

[0031] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown in the related art, the inventors have found that due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of the substrate material of the connection end and the connection material, when used in aerospace environments with high vacuum, strong vibration and strong impact, the two materials will deform to different degrees, resulting in uneven stress distribution between the connection end surfaces of the two connection materials, thereby generating cracks and causing fuse failure. Figure 2 As shown, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes a substrate 100 as the primary material for the connection terminal 10, which supports the other structures within the connection terminal 10. A transition layer 200 can be disposed between the substrate 100 and the connection layer 300, connecting the substrate 100 and the connection layer 300. The connection layer 300, as the outermost structure, can be soldered to the circuit. The substrate 100, transition layer 200, and connection layer 300 can all be made of conductive materials, enabling the fuse chip 20 to achieve an electrically conductive connection to the external circuit through the connection terminal 10. The substrate 100, serving as the supporting material for the connection terminal 10, is thicker than the combined thickness of the transition layer 200 and the connection layer 300, providing excellent mechanical strength and providing strong support for the connection terminal 10. The connection layer 300 is thinner than the substrate 100, preventing damage to the substrate 100 during soldering, which could affect the performance of the fuse. The thickness of the transition layer 200 is less than that of the connecting layer 300, resulting in the transition layer 200 having better flexibility and ductility than the substrate 100 and the connecting layer 300. The transition layer 200 can absorb the deformation stress of the substrate 100 and the connecting layer 300 when the substrate 100 and the connecting layer 300 deform due to thermal expansion and contraction or vibration and impact, thereby evenly distributing the stress from the substrate 100 and the connecting layer 300 across the connecting layer and preventing cracks.

[0032] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention provides a transition layer between the base and the connecting layer of the connector. The thickness of the transition layer is less than that of the connecting layer and the base, and it has good ductility and flexibility. Therefore, when the base and the connecting layer deform, they absorb the deformation stress from the base and the connecting layer, evenly distributing the stress generated by the deformation across the connecting layer. This makes the overall deformation of the connector more coordinated, avoids cracks between the base and the connecting layer, and improves the stability of the connector when used in aerospace environments subject to high vacuum, strong vibration, and strong impact.

[0033] Optionally, Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of another type of fuse connection terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The connection layer 300 includes: a first metal layer 310 and a second metal layer 320; the first metal layer 310 is arranged on the side of the transition layer 200 away from the substrate 100, and the first metal layer 310 is used to protect the transition layer 200 and the substrate 100; the second metal layer 320 is arranged on the side of the first metal layer 310 away from the substrate 100, and the second metal layer 320 is used for welding.

[0034] Specifically, the connection layer 300 may include a two-layer structure, a first metal layer 310 and a second metal layer 320. The first metal layer 310 may be disposed on the side of the transition layer 200 facing away from the substrate 100, thereby protecting the transition layer 200 and the substrate 100. The first metal layer 310 may enhance the corrosion and wear resistance of the connection terminal 10. The second metal layer 320 may be disposed on the side of the first metal layer 310 facing away from the substrate 100. The exposed side of the second metal layer 320 may be welded to other electrical components, thereby firmly connecting the fuse to the circuit.

[0035] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 3 The thickness of the transition layer 200 is smaller than that of the first metal layer 310 , and the thickness of the first metal layer 310 is smaller than that of the second metal layer 320 .

[0036] Specifically, the thickness of the transition layer 200 is less than that of the first metal layer 310 and less than that of the substrate 100. This configuration allows the transition layer 200 to have greater flexibility and ductility than the first metal layer 310 and the second metal layer 320. It can absorb the deformation stress of the substrate 100 and the first metal layer 310 when they deform, evenly distributing the stress from the substrate 100 and the first metal layer 310 across the connection layer, thereby more coordinating the overall deformation of the connection terminal and preventing cracks from forming between the substrate 100 and the first metal layer 310. Furthermore, the thinness of the transition layer 200 relative to the first metal layer 310 and the substrate 100 prevents an increase in the resistance of the connection terminal 10 due to excessive thickness, thereby preventing excessive impact on the parameters of the fuse. The thickness of the second metal layer 320 is greater than that of the first metal layer 310, which can effectively protect the first metal layer 310 during welding, preventing the second metal layer 320 from being too thin and thus being welded through the first and second metal layers 310, 320. For example, the thickness of the transition layer 200 can range from 0 μm to 3 μm, the thickness of the first metal layer 310 can range from 5 μm to 10 μm, and the thickness of the second metal layer 320 can range from 10 μm to 20 μm.

[0037] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, the transition layer 200 includes copper.

[0038] Specifically, to maintain good electrical and thermal conductivity, the connection terminal 10 typically uses metallic copper as the material for the substrate 100. Using copper for the transition layer 200 can minimize the impact on the electrical conductivity of the connection terminal 10 and reduce process costs. For example, when preparing the transition layer 200, the surface of the substrate 100, also made of copper, can be micro-etched to remove deposits on the surface of the substrate 100 and keep the surface clean. The surface of the substrate 100 is then washed with water to remove residual chemical reagents. The surface of the substrate 100 is then activated to ensure the cleanliness and activity of the surface of the substrate 100, thereby improving the adhesion of the substrate 100 to subsequent coatings. Finally, copper is electroplated on the side of the substrate 100 away from the fuse chip 20. The copper-plated layer is then washed and activated to improve the adhesion of the copper plating to subsequent coatings, ultimately forming the transition layer 200. In other embodiments, the transition layer 200 can also be a copper alloy. It should be noted that when the substrate 100 is made of other materials, the material of the transition layer 200 can be consistent with that of the substrate 100 .

[0039] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, the first metal layer 310 includes nickel, and the second metal layer 320 includes tin-lead.

[0040] Specifically, nickel has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and electrical and thermal conductivity. Nickel can be selected as the material for the first metal layer 310 to protect the substrate 100 and transition layer 200, thereby extending the service life of the connection terminal 10. Tin-lead has excellent oxidation resistance, weldability, ductility, and fatigue resistance. Selecting tin-lead as the material for the second metal layer 320 can alleviate stress caused by thermal expansion or mechanical vibration, reducing the risk of solder joint cracking. Furthermore, as the outermost plating layer, tin-lead has high oxidation resistance, is not easily corroded, and can maintain long-term conductivity and solderability.

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a fuse provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The fuse includes a fuse chip 20 and at least one connection terminal 10 of the fuse provided by any embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The fuse provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the connection end of the fuse provided in any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0043] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 4 The fuse further includes: a shell 30; two ends of the fuse chip 20 are respectively connected to the base 100 of the two connecting terminals 10; the shell 30 wraps the fuse chip 20 and the connecting terminal 10, and exposes the connecting layer 300.

[0044] Specifically, the shell 30 can wrap the fuse chip 20 and the connecting terminal 10 in a direction parallel to the axis of the fuse, and expose the second metal layer 320 on one side of the surface away from the substrate 100. The fuse wrapped by the shell 30 can be a square tube type fuse. The two ends of the fuse chip 20 can be connected to the substrate 100 of the two connecting terminals 10 respectively. The second metal layer 320 of the connecting terminals 10 on both sides of the fuse can be welded to other electrical components, thereby setting the fuse in the circuit. The current flows into the second metal layer 320 of the connecting terminal on one side, flows through the first metal layer 310, the transition layer 200, the substrate 10 and the fuse chip 20, and then flows out from the connecting terminal on the other side. When the current exceeds the current protection threshold of the fuse chip 20, the fuse chip 20 will overheat and melt, thereby protecting the circuit.

[0045] Optionally, Figure 5 A cross-sectional structural diagram of another fuse provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The fuse further includes an arc suppression layer 40 , which is adjacent to the fuse chip 20 and is used for flame retardancy.

[0046] Specifically, the arc suppression layer 40 can be disposed on the surface of the fuse chip 20 on the side where it will melt. When the fuse chip 20 inside the fuse melts due to overload or short circuit, an arc may be generated. This arc may not only damage the fuse but also cause a fire or other safety hazards. The arc suppression layer 40 can absorb, disperse, or directly extinguish the arc to avoid fire. For example, the arc suppression layer 40 can be quartz sand, which has a high melting point and good insulation properties to help extinguish the arc.

[0047] Optionally, Figure 6 A cross-sectional structural diagram of another fuse provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 The fuse further includes a filling layer 50 , which is disposed between the fuse chip 20 and the housing 30 , and is used to prevent vibration.

[0048] Specifically, the filling layer 50 can be filled between the fuse chip 20 and the shell 30, and between the arc suppression layer 40 and the shell 30. The filling layer 50 can provide mechanical support for the fuse chip 20, prevent thermal expansion or mechanical vibration from affecting the fuse chip 20, and improve the stability of the fuse.

[0049] Optionally, based on the above embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 4 The material of the housing 30 includes ceramic.

[0050] Specifically, ceramics have high insulation properties and can effectively prevent current leakage; and ceramics have high mechanical strength, which can provide effective physical protection for the fuse, preventing factors such as impact, vibration and high temperature from damaging the internal components of the fuse.

[0051] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0052] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A connection end of a fuse, characterized in that: include: a substrate, one side of which is connected to one end of the fuse chip; a transition layer, disposed on a side of the substrate away from the fuse chip; The connecting layer is arranged on the side of the transition layer away from the substrate. The transition layer is used to connect the substrate and the connecting layer. The thickness of the transition layer is less than that of the connecting layer. The substrate, the transition layer and the connecting layer are all made of conductive materials.

2. The connection terminal of the fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection layer includes: a first metal layer and a second metal layer; The first metal layer is arranged on a side of the transition layer away from the substrate, and the first metal layer is used to protect the transition layer and the substrate; the second metal layer is arranged on a side of the first metal layer away from the substrate, and the second metal layer is used for welding.

3. The connection terminal of the fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the transition layer is smaller than that of the first metal layer, and the thickness of the first metal layer is smaller than that of the second metal layer.

4. The connection terminal of the fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition layer includes copper.

5. The connection terminal of the fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first metal layer includes nickel, and the second metal layer includes tin-lead.

6. A fuse, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fuse chip and at least one connecting terminal of the fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fuse chip is connected to a base of the connecting terminal.

7. The fuse according to claim 6, characterized in that Also includes: The two ends of the fuse chip are respectively connected to the bases of the two connecting terminals; the shell wraps the fuse chip and the connecting terminals and exposes the connecting layer.

8. The fuse according to claim 7, wherein: Also includes: An arc suppression layer is adjacent to the fuse chip and is used for flame retardancy.

9. The fuse according to claim 8, characterized in that Also includes: A filling layer is provided between the fuse chip and the shell, and is used for preventing vibration.

10. The fuse according to claim 7, wherein: The material of the housing includes ceramic.

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