Ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for 22-62GHz frequency band

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for a 22-62GHz frequency band. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna comprises a conical double-ridge waveguide feed assembly, a dielectric rod assembly and a double-convex microwave lens, the conical double-ridge waveguide feed assembly comprises a conical double-ridge waveguide transition section, a conical double-ridge waveguide section connected with the conical double-ridge waveguide transition section and a flaring curved surface metal plate section connected with the conical double-ridge waveguide section, and the conical double-ridge waveguide feed assembly is made of a metal aluminum material; the dielectric rod assembly comprises a four-wedge-shaped matching part connected with the flaring curved surface metal plate section, a feed waveguide transition part connected with the four-wedge-shaped matching part, and a circular-truncated-cone-shaped radiation part connected with the feed waveguide transition part. According to the invention, the available frequency band can be significantly broadened, high gain and good directivity can be maintained under high bandwidth, millimeter wave / terahertz front-end integration is facilitated, reflection is effectively reduced, efficiency is improved, and the antenna is suitable for high-end applications such as millimeter wave communication, radar and imaging in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio technology, and in particular to an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for a frequency band of 22-62 GHz. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology and the advent of the 5G era, microwave devices are trending towards miniaturization and integration. Consequently, antennas operating in the millimeter-wave band, with ultra-wideband, high gain, and high directivity, have attracted significant attention. Dielectric rod antennas, with their advantages of small size, high gain, and strong directivity, have gained widespread application in microwave measurement and electromagnetic compatibility testing. Microwave measurement systems require broadband, but existing technologies often operate within an insufficient bandwidth for a single antenna. While relatively wide, the operating frequency band is only 18-40 GHz, failing to cover higher frequencies, particularly the core frequency bands of next-generation millimeter-wave applications, such as 60 GHz. This requires two or more antennas for full coverage during testing, resulting in a waste of resources. Maintaining high efficiency and miniaturization within wider frequency bands and large bandwidths is a research hotspot and a technical bottleneck for millimeter-wave / terahertz antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band, which can significantly broaden the available frequency band, maintain high gain and good directivity at a high bandwidth, facilitate millimeter wave / terahertz front-end integration, effectively reduce reflections, improve efficiency, and be suitable for future high-end applications such as millimeter wave communications, radar, and imaging.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band, comprising a tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly, a dielectric rod assembly connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly, and a biconvex microwave lens connected to the dielectric rod assembly;

[0005] The tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly includes a tapered double-ridged waveguide transition section, a tapered double-ridged waveguide section connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide transition section, and a flared curved metal plate section connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide section, and the tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly is set to a metal aluminum material;

[0006] The dielectric rod assembly includes a four-wedge matching portion connected to the flared curved metal plate segment, a feed waveguide transition portion connected to the four-wedge matching portion, and a truncated cone radiating portion connected to the feed waveguide transition portion.

[0007] Optionally, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding component is 22 GHz-62 GHz.

[0008] Optionally, the tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section includes a coaxial cable, an inverted concave shielding plate connected to one end of the coaxial cable, a rectangular shielding plate connected to one side of the inverted concave shielding plate, and a rectangular inner conductor arranged in the center of the rectangular shielding plate.

[0009] Optionally, the conical double-ridge waveguide section includes a waveguide wall arranged between the inverted concave shielding plate and the double convex microwave lens, a waveguide section arranged inside the waveguide wall and connected to the rectangular shielding plate, and a conical double-ridge section connected to the waveguide section, and the waveguide wall is arranged as a rectangular structure.

[0010] Optionally, the waveguide section includes a rectangular double ridge connected to the rectangular shielding plate, an impedance transformation step arranged between the rectangular double ridges, and the impedance transformation step includes a first step connected to the rectangular inner conductor, a second step connected to the first step, a third step connected to the second step, and a fourth step connected to the third step;

[0011] The rectangular double ridge includes an upper rectangular ridge arranged above the impedance transformation step and a lower rectangular ridge arranged below the impedance transformation step, and the heights of the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step decrease in sequence.

[0012] Optionally, the conical double-ridge segment includes an upper conical ridge connected to the upper rectangular ridge and a lower conical ridge connected to the lower rectangular ridge, the upper conical ridge and the lower conical ridge are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the waveguide wall respectively, and the upper conical ridge and the lower conical ridge are arranged as a triangular prism structure.

[0013] Optionally, the contour line equation of the conical double ridge is:

[0014] y1=(4.2e)^0.039x1-1,x1∈[0,L2]

[0015] Where x1 is the axial projection distance of the conical double-ridge antenna, y1 is the vertical distance from the ridge curve to the inner surface of the conical double-ridge waveguide segment, L2 is the length of the upper conical ridge or the lower conical ridge, and e is a constant.

[0016] Optionally, the flared curved metal plate segment includes an upper curved panel and a lower curved panel that are symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower directions. The contour line equation of the flared curved metal plate segment is:

[0017] y2=(10e)^0.039x2-1,x2∈[0,L3]

[0018] Wherein, x2 is the projection distance of the flared curved metal plate segment on the antenna axis, y2 is the vertical distance from the flared curved metal plate segment to the inner surface of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feed assembly, L3 is the projection length of the flared curved metal plate on the antenna axis, and e is a constant.

[0019] Optionally, the top convex radius of the biconvex microwave lens is 100 mm, the bottom convex radius is 60 mm, the thickness is 5 mm, the focal length is 63.5 mm, and the refractive index is 1.59.

[0020] Optionally, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the lower rectangular ridge through the rectangular inner conductor and the impedance transformation step, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the upper rectangular ridge through the rectangular shielding plate and the tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section.

[0021] The present invention provides an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band, and discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] 1. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna of the present invention has an S11 less than -8dB in the entire frequency range of 22-62GHz, and is even less than -10dB in the frequency bands of 22-43GHz, 48-53.5GHz, and 56.5-62GHz (the frequency bands less than -10dB account for 80% of the total operating frequency bands). The gain in the entire frequency band is greater than 14dBi, and the gain reaches a maximum of 20.62dBi at 56.5GHz.

[0023] 2. Compared with the traditional waveguide structure feeding, the present invention greatly improves the working bandwidth of the antenna by adopting a tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding structure, and the relative bandwidth can reach 95.2%.

[0024] 3. The use of a coaxial cable to tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section in the feeding structure of the present invention not only achieves impedance matching between the low-impedance coaxial cable and the high-impedance tapered double-ridge waveguide, but also achieves mode conversion of electromagnetic waves from the TEM mode in the coaxial cable to the TE mode in the tapered double-ridge waveguide, thereby greatly improving the operating bandwidth.

[0025] 4. The present invention achieves miniaturization and ultra-wideband characteristics of the antenna by adopting a tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding structure and a dielectric rod with a high dielectric constant and thus a stronger binding ability for electromagnetic waves.

[0026] 5. The exponentially tapered double ridges in the feed structure of this application have a contour line equation of the following exponential function: y1 = (4.2e)^0.039x1-1, x1∈[0,L2]. The smooth transition from the rectangular double ridges to the exponentially tapered double ridges achieves continuity in the waveguide's internal impedance, significantly reducing reflected waves and achieving ultra-wideband characteristics for the feed structure.

[0027] 6. The feed structure of this invention is connected to a flared curved metal plate segment at its end, enhancing the confinement of electromagnetic waves from the waveguide segment, thereby maximizing the transition of electromagnetic waves to the dielectric rod, thereby improving the overall radiation efficiency and gain of the antenna. Furthermore, the flared curved metal plate segment adopts an exponential curve profile, achieving a smooth transition of electromagnetic waves from the feed structure to the dielectric rod, reducing reflected waves and thus increasing the overall operating bandwidth of the antenna.

[0028] 7. The addition of the microwave lens in the present invention shapes the outgoing electromagnetic waves to a certain extent, so that the outgoing electromagnetic wave beam has a smaller waist spot, and finally the antenna as a whole has higher gain and better directivity.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a device without a waveguide wall provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dielectric rod assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the S11 simulation curve of the antenna provided in Example 2 of the present invention at 22-62 GHz;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a gain simulation curve of the antenna provided in Example 2 of the present invention at 22-62 GHz;

[0037] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. conical double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly; 11. coaxial cable; 12. inverted concave shielding plate; 13. rectangular shielding plate; 14. rectangular inner conductor; 15. waveguide wall; 16a. upper rectangular ridge; 16b. lower rectangular ridge; 17a. first step; 17b. second step; 17c. third step; 17d. fourth step; 18a. upper conical ridge; 18b. lower conical ridge; 19a. upper curved panel; 19b. lower curved panel; 2. dielectric rod assembly; 21. four-wedge matching section; 22. feed waveguide transition section; 23. truncated cone radiating section; 3. double convex microwave lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band. The antenna provided by the present invention has an operating frequency band of 22 GHz-62 GHz and includes a tapered double-ridged waveguide feed assembly 1, a dielectric rod assembly 2 connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide feed assembly 1, and a biconvex microwave lens 3 connected to the dielectric rod assembly 2. Both the biconvex microwave lens 3 and the dielectric rod assembly 2 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene with a relative dielectric constant of 2.1.

[0042] The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna of the present invention has an S11 less than -8dB across the entire frequency range of 22-62GHz, and even less than -10dB in the 22-43GHz, 48-53.5GHz, and 56.5-62GHz bands (the S11 less than -10dB bands account for 80% of the total operating frequency band). The gain is greater than 14dBi across the entire frequency band, reaching a maximum of 20.62dBi at 56.5GHz.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, the tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly 1 includes a tapered double-ridged waveguide transition section, a tapered double-ridged waveguide section connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide transition section, and a flared curved metal plate section connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide section. The tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly 1 is made of metal aluminum; the frequency of the electromagnetic wave of the tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly 1 is 22GHz-62GHz.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section includes a coaxial cable 11, an inverted concave shielding plate 12 connected to one end of the coaxial cable 11, a rectangular shielding plate 13 connected to one side of the inverted concave shielding plate 12, and a rectangular inner conductor 14 arranged in the center of the rectangular shielding plate 13.

[0045] Among them, the transition section from the coaxial cable 11 to the tapered double-ridge waveguide not only realizes the impedance matching between the low-impedance coaxial cable 11 and the high-impedance tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly 1, but also realizes the mode conversion of the electromagnetic wave from the TEM mode in the coaxial cable 11 to the TE mode in the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly 1, thereby greatly improving the working bandwidth.

[0046] The conical double-ridge waveguide section includes a waveguide wall 15 arranged between the inverted concave shielding plate 12 and the double convex microwave lens 3, a waveguide section arranged inside the waveguide wall 15 and connected to the rectangular shielding plate 13, and a conical double-ridge section connected to the waveguide section. The waveguide wall 15 is arranged to be a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0047] The waveguide section includes a rectangular double ridge connected to the rectangular shielding plate 13, an impedance transformation step arranged between the rectangular double ridges, and the impedance transformation step includes a first step 17a connected to the rectangular inner conductor 14, a second step 17b connected to the first step 17a, a third step 17c connected to the second step 17b, and a fourth step 17d connected to the third step 17c.

[0048] The rectangular double ridge includes an upper rectangular ridge 16a arranged above the impedance transformation step and a lower rectangular ridge 16b arranged below the impedance transformation step, and the heights of the first step 17a, the second step 17b, the third step 17c and the fourth step 17d decrease in sequence.

[0049] The feed part of the present invention adopts the form of coaxial feed to waveguide conversion. The coaxial cable 11, the rectangular inner conductor 14 and the impedance transformation ladder constitute a coaxial waveguide converter.

[0050] The conical double ridge segment includes an upper conical ridge 18a connected to the upper rectangular ridge 16a and a lower conical ridge 18b connected to the lower rectangular ridge 16b. The upper conical ridge 18a and the lower conical ridge 18b are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the waveguide wall 15 respectively, and the upper conical ridge 18a and the lower conical ridge 18b are set as a triangular prism structure.

[0051] The contour equation of the conical double ridge is:

[0052] y1=(4.2e)^0.039x1-1,x1∈[0,L2]

[0053] Wherein, x1 is the axial projection distance of the conical double-ridge antenna, y1 is the vertical distance from the ridge curve to the inner surface of the conical double-ridge waveguide section, L2 is the length of the upper conical ridge 18a or the lower conical ridge 18b, and e is a constant.

[0054] The flared curved metal plate segment includes an upper curved plate 19a and a lower curved plate 19b symmetrically arranged in a vertical direction. The contour equation of the flared curved metal plate segment is:

[0055] y2=(10e)^0.039x2-1,x2∈[0,L3]

[0056] Wherein, x2 is the projection distance of the flared curved metal plate segment on the antenna axis, y2 is the vertical distance from the flared curved metal plate segment to the inner surface of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly 1, L3 is the projection length of the flared curved metal plate on the antenna axis, and e is a constant.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the dielectric rod assembly 2 includes a four-wedge matching portion 21 connected to the flared curved metal plate segment, a feeding waveguide transition portion 22 connected to the four-wedge matching portion 21 , and a truncated cone radiating portion 23 connected to the feeding waveguide transition portion 22 .

[0058] The biconvex microwave lens 3 has a top convex radius of 100 mm, a bottom convex radius of 60 mm, a thickness of 5 mm, a focal length of 63.5 mm, and a refractive index of 1.59. The biconvex microwave lens 3 is a biconvex lens and is placed behind the radiating end of the dielectric rod assembly 2 and is mounted in a close-fitting manner.

[0059] The inner conductor of the coaxial cable 11 is connected to the lower rectangular ridge 16b through the rectangular inner conductor 14 and the impedance transformation step, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 11 is connected to the upper rectangular ridge 16a through the rectangular shielding plate 13 and the tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] In the transition section from the coaxial cable 11 to the tapered double-ridge waveguide in the tapered double-ridge waveguide feed assembly 1, the rectangular shielding plate 13 has a length a of 11.7 mm, a width t of 1.4 mm, and a height b of 6.8 mm. The inverted concave shielding plate 12 has an outer length a1 of 9.7 mm, an outer width t of 1.4 mm, an outer height b1 of 4.8 mm, an inner length a2 of 5.7 mm, and an inner height b2 of 3.86 mm. The waveguide wall 15 has an outer width a, an inner width a1, an outer height b, an inner height b1, and an axial length L1 of 11.2 mm. The upper rectangular ridge 16a has a length L1 - t = 9.8 mm, a width s of 2.3 mm, and a height b1 - b2 = 0.94 mm. The lower rectangular ridge 16b has a length L1 of 11.2 mm, a width s, and a height b1 - b2 = 0.94 mm.

[0062] In the tapered double-ridge waveguide section of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feed assembly 1, the outer width of the waveguide wall 15 is a, the inner width is a1, the outer height is b, the inner height is b1, and the axial length L2 of the shell is 28.9 mm. The upper tapered ridge 18a and the lower tapered ridge 18b in the tapered double-ridge waveguide section are symmetrical and have the same dimensions. Their axial length along the antenna is L2 = 28.9 mm, their width s is 2.3 mm, and their height is b1 - b2 = 0.94 mm.

[0063] In the flared curved metal plate section of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly 1, the upper curved panel 19a and the lower curved panel 19b are symmetrical structures with the same size, and the axial length along the antenna is L3 = 10 mm, the width is a = 11.7 mm, and the height is 1 mm.

[0064] In the transition section from coaxial cable 11 to the tapered double-ridge waveguide, the rectangular inner conductor 14 has a length t2 of 0.9 mm, a width s of 2.3 mm, and a height b3 of 1.1 mm. The impedance transformation ladder consists of four rectangular metal blocks with heights h1 = 0.35 mm, h2 = 0.7 mm, h3 = 1.05 mm, and h4 = 1.4 mm, respectively. Each block has a length of 2.45 mm and a width s = 2.3 mm.

[0065] The equation of the contour line of the tapered double ridge of the tapered double-ridge waveguide is the following exponential function: y1 = (4.2e)^0.039x1-1, x1∈[0,L2], where x2 is the projection distance of the flared curved metal plate segment in the axial direction of the antenna, y2 is the vertical distance from the flared curved metal plate segment to the inner surface of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly 1, L3 is the projection length of the flared curved metal plate in the axial direction of the antenna, and e is a constant.

[0066] The contour of the flared curved metal plate segment is defined by the following exponential function: y2 = (10e)^0.039x2-1, x2∈[0,L3], where x2 is the projected distance of the flared curved metal plate segment along the antenna axis, y2 is the perpendicular distance from the flared curved metal plate segment to the inner surface of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feed assembly 1, L3 is the projected length of the flared curved metal plate along the antenna axis, and e is a constant.

[0067] In the dielectric rod assembly 2, the truncated cone-shaped radiating portion 23 is 120 mm long, with an upper base radius R3 of 5 mm. The lower base radius R4, which connects to the lens, is 13 mm. The four wedge-shaped matching portions 21 are cut from a rectangular dielectric plate with a length, width, and height of L2 = 28.9 mm, a1 = 9.7 mm, and b1 = 4.8 mm, respectively, along the ridge plane of the tapered double-ridge segment. After cutting, they precisely align with the ridge plane of the tapered double-ridge segment. The four wedge-shaped portions have a length L8 of 17 mm, and the distances between the wedge tips are 3.7 mm, 2.3 mm, and 3.7 mm, respectively. The feed waveguide transition portion 22 in the feed waveguide is cut from a cylinder with a length L3 = 10 mm and a base radius R3 = 5 mm along the hyperboloidal surface of the flared curved metal plate segment. After cutting, they precisely align with the hyperboloidal surface of the flared curved metal plate segment.

[0068] The radius of the bottom convex surface of the biconvex microwave lens 3 is R1 = 60 mm, the radius of the top convex surface is R2 = 100 mm, the thickness d = 25 mm, the focal length f = 63.5 mm, and the refractive index n = 1.59.

[0069] The biconvex microwave lens 3 and the dielectric rod assembly 2 are both made of polytetrafluoroethylene with a relative dielectric constant of 2.1, and the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly 1 is made of metal aluminum.

[0070] The characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable 11 is 50Ω, the relative dielectric constant of the medium filling the inner and outer coaxial conductors is 2.1, the radius of the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 11 is 0.48 mm, and the diameter of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 11 is 1.67 mm.

[0071] Simulation content: The antenna structure described in the above embodiment is modeled and simulated using the simulation software CST.

[0072] Simulation results: Figure 5 Figure 2 shows the voltage standing wave ratio simulation curve of the embodiment of the present invention at 22-62 GHz. It can be seen that the S11 of the present invention is less than -8dB in the entire frequency range of 22-62 GHz, and is even less than -10dB in the frequency bands of 22-43 GHz, 48-53.5 GHz, and 56.5-62 GHz (the frequency bands less than -10dB account for 80% of the total operating frequency band).

[0073] like Figure 6FIG2 shows the gain simulation curve of the embodiment of the present invention at 22-62 GHz. It can be seen that the gain is greater than 14 dBi in the entire frequency band, and reaches a maximum of 20.62 dBi at 56.5 GHz.

[0074] Therefore, the present invention provides an ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band, which can significantly broaden the available frequency band, maintain high gain and good directivity at a high bandwidth, facilitate millimeter wave / terahertz front-end integration, effectively reduce reflections, improve efficiency, and be suitable for future high-end applications such as millimeter wave communications, radar, and imaging.

[0075] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0076] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band, characterized in that: It comprises a tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly, a dielectric rod assembly connected to the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding assembly, and a double-convex microwave lens connected to the dielectric rod assembly; The tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly includes a tapered double-ridged waveguide transition section, a tapered double-ridged waveguide section connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide transition section, and a flared curved metal plate section connected to the tapered double-ridged waveguide section, and the tapered double-ridged waveguide feeding assembly is set to a metal aluminum material; The dielectric rod assembly includes a four-wedge matching portion connected to the flared curved metal plate segment, a feed waveguide transition portion connected to the four-wedge matching portion, and a truncated cone radiating portion connected to the feed waveguide transition portion.

2. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of the electromagnetic wave of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feeding component is 22 GHz-62 GHz.

3. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section includes a coaxial cable, an inverted concave shielding plate connected to one end of the coaxial cable, a rectangular shielding plate connected to one side of the inverted concave shielding plate, and a rectangular inner conductor arranged in the center of the rectangular shielding plate.

4. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conical double-ridge waveguide section includes a waveguide wall arranged between the inverted concave shielding plate and the double convex microwave lens, a waveguide section arranged inside the waveguide wall and connected to the rectangular shielding plate, and a conical double-ridge section connected to the waveguide section. The waveguide wall is arranged as a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

5. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waveguide section includes a rectangular double ridge connected to the rectangular shielding plate, an impedance transformation step arranged between the rectangular double ridges, and the impedance transformation step includes a first step connected to the rectangular inner conductor, a second step connected to the first step, a third step connected to the second step, and a fourth step connected to the third step; The rectangular double ridge includes an upper rectangular ridge arranged above the impedance transformation step and a lower rectangular ridge arranged below the impedance transformation step, and the heights of the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step decrease in sequence.

6. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conical double-ridge segment includes an upper conical ridge connected to the upper rectangular ridge and a lower conical ridge connected to the lower rectangular ridge. The upper conical ridge and the lower conical ridge are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the waveguide wall respectively, and the upper conical ridge and the lower conical ridge are arranged as a triangular prism structure.

7. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 6, characterized in that: The contour equation of the conical double ridge is: y1=(4.2e)^0.039x1-1,x1∈[0,L2] Where x1 is the axial projection distance of the conical double-ridge antenna, y1 is the vertical distance from the ridge curve to the inner surface of the conical double-ridge waveguide segment, L2 is the length of the upper conical ridge or the lower conical ridge, and e is a constant.

8. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flared curved metal plate segment includes an upper curved panel and a lower curved panel symmetrically arranged in a vertical direction. The contour line equation of the flared curved metal plate segment is: y2=(10e)^0.039x2-1,x2∈[0,L3] Wherein, x2 is the projection distance of the flared curved metal plate segment on the antenna axis, y2 is the vertical distance from the flared curved metal plate segment to the inner surface of the tapered double-ridge waveguide feed assembly, L3 is the projection length of the flared curved metal plate on the antenna axis, and e is a constant.

9. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 8, characterized in that: The biconvex microwave lens has a top convex surface radius of 100 mm, a bottom convex surface radius of 60 mm, a thickness of 5 mm, a focal length of 63.5 mm, and a refractive index of 1.

59.

10. The ultra-wideband dielectric rod lens antenna for the 22-62 GHz frequency band according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the lower rectangular ridge through the rectangular inner conductor and the impedance transformation step, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the upper rectangular ridge through the rectangular shielding plate and the tapered double-ridge waveguide transition section.

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