Self-cooling heat dissipation type permanent magnet torque motor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and discloses a self-cooling heat dissipation type permanent magnet torque motor which comprises a shell and end covers arranged at the two ends of the shell, a sealing cavity is defined by the shell and the end covers, a main shaft is rotationally arranged in the sealing cavity, a rotor is fixed to the main shaft, a stator is arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cavity, and the self-cooling heat dissipation type permanent magnet torque motor further comprises a heat dissipation unit. The heat dissipation unit comprises an inner-layer heat dissipation cavity and an outer-layer heat dissipation cavity which are formed in the shell, multiple sets of flow holes are formed in the two ends of the inner-layer heat dissipation cavity in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, cavities are formed between the two end faces of the shell and the inner walls of the corresponding end covers respectively, adjusting units are arranged in the cavities, and multiple sets of conveying holes are formed in the inner walls of the end covers in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. According to the self-cooling heat dissipation type permanent magnet torque motor, the heat dissipation unit and the adjusting unit are arranged, regulation and control are carried out according to the working condition of the motor, and the adjusting plate shields the diversion trench under the working conditions of low rotating speed and low load, so that cooling liquid only circulates in the inner-layer heat dissipation cavity, and energy loss caused by the supercooling phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of the electric vehicle industry, the motor, as the core power component of electric vehicles, directly determines the vehicle's power output, cruising range and other key indicators. Permanent magnet torque motors have been widely used in electric vehicle drive systems due to their significant advantages of high coupling stiffness, high linearity and high torque-to-inertia ratio. They can output peak torque in a short period of time to meet the high torque requirements under vehicle starting, acceleration and climbing conditions. At the same time, they can also operate continuously and stably at low speeds or even in a stalled state.

[0003] The liquid-cooled motor disclosed in the existing publication number CN115102331A includes an inner gear ring, the left and right sides of the inner gear ring are tightly fitted with a sealing cover and a support respectively, the right side of the support is fixedly connected to a shell, the right side of the shell is fixedly connected to a mask, the left side of the sealing cover is fixedly connected to an oil storage ring, the left side of the oil storage ring is fixedly connected to a sealing ring, and the left side of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to a protective cover, and a main shaft is arranged to rotate together inside the inner gear ring, the sealing cover, the support, the shell, the oil storage ring and the protective cover, and the inner wall of the inner gear ring is meshed with a plurality of driven gears, and the plurality of driven gears are meshed with a driving gear together; although the above technical solution can utilize the reduction structure of the driving gear and the driven gear to pump the oil with a large torque, and at the same time drive the fan blade to rotate at a high speed through the main shaft, and use the airflow and the heat conducting plate to achieve heat dissipation of the oil in the oil storage ring, to a certain extent, ensure the stability of the motor output efficiency.

[0004] However, in actual application, when the permanent magnet torque motor is running, factors such as the thermal effect of the current in the internal stator winding and the mechanical friction between the permanent magnet and the rotor will still generate a large amount of heat. At present, the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet torque motor generally relies on an external cooling circulation system, that is, by setting a cooling device on the outside of the motor and using the coolant circulation to remove the heat. However, when the motor is in low speed and low load conditions, the motor generates less heat, and the coolant still flows through the fixed heat dissipation channel at a constant flow rate, forming an "overcooling" phenomenon, causing unnecessary energy loss; when the motor enters high speed and high load conditions, the heat generation of components such as the stator winding and permanent magnets increases sharply, and the heat dissipation area and flow of the fixed channel cannot be dynamically expanded. Even if the coolant flow rate is increased, it is difficult to quickly and fully remove the heat, and it cannot meet the rapid dissipation requirements of a large amount of heat under high load conditions, causing continuous accumulation of heat inside the motor, which in turn easily causes demagnetization of the permanent magnet and insulation aging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor to solve the problem of "overcooling" of the existing permanent magnet torque motor under low-speed conditions and the inability to expand the heat dissipation area and flow rate under high-speed conditions, resulting in continuous accumulation of heat inside the motor.

[0006] The present invention provides a self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor comprises a shell and end covers arranged at both ends of the shell, the shell and the end covers enclose a sealed cavity, a main shaft is rotatably arranged in the sealed cavity, a rotor is fixed on the main shaft, a stator is arranged on the inner wall of the sealed cavity, and a heat dissipation unit is also included, the heat dissipation unit comprises an inner heat dissipation cavity and an outer heat dissipation cavity opened in the shell, multiple groups of flow holes are opened at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at both ends of the inner heat dissipation cavity, cavities are formed between the two end surfaces of the shell and the corresponding inner walls of the end covers, an adjustment unit is arranged in the cavity, multiple groups of conveying holes are opened at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the end cover, and connecting holes corresponding to the conveying holes are opened at both ends of the outer heat dissipation cavity, and the connecting holes are connected to the conveying holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustment unit includes a fixed disk symmetrically fixed on the main shaft, the outer edge of the fixed disk is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell, the contact surface of the fixed disk and the shell is provided with a sealing layer, and the two groups of fixed disks are respectively fixed with connecting disks on the opposite sides, and the connecting disk and the inner wall of the end cover are rotatably matched through a rotating sealing ring, wherein the fixed disk, the connecting disk and the shell cooperate with each other to achieve the sealing of the cavity, and a guide disk is fixed on the connecting disk, and the guide disk is rotatably connected in the cavity and divides it into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, and a plurality of groups of guide grooves are evenly provided on the guide disk, and an adjustment plate is rotatably provided at each group of guide grooves;

[0009] When the adjustment plate is in a stationary state, the guide groove is blocked; when the adjustment plate is in a deflected state, the guide groove is opened.

[0010] Furthermore, bases are fixed at equal intervals on the outer edge of the connecting plate, and the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the base via a rotating shaft. A torsion spring is provided on the rotating shaft. When the main shaft rotates, the fixed plate, the connecting plate and the guide plate are controlled to rotate synchronously. The adjusting plate deflects to open the guide groove, so that the inner heat dissipation cavity and the outer heat dissipation cavity communicate with each other.

[0011] A reset mechanism is provided between the guide disc and the adjustment plate, and the reset mechanism is used to slow down the reset speed of the adjustment plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the reset mechanism includes a sleeve hinged on the guide plate, and the sleeve is sequentially provided with an oil storage chamber, a narrow channel and a movable chamber that are interconnected. A piston disc is slidably connected in the movable chamber, and a connecting rod is fixed on the piston disc and extends to the outside of the sleeve. The end of the connecting rod is hinged to a bracket, and the bracket is fixed to the adjustment plate, wherein the oil storage chamber is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0013] Furthermore, a stopper 1 and a stopper 2 are fixed on the guide plate, respectively, wherein the stopper 1 is used to limit the adjustment plate to be in a stationary state, and the stopper 2 is used to limit the adjustment plate to be in a deflected state.

[0014] Furthermore, a circulation channel is provided on the shell, and the circulation channel includes a liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe and a second liquid outlet pipe provided on the shell, wherein the liquid inlet pipe directly passes through the inner heat dissipation cavity, the first liquid outlet pipe is connected to the inner heat dissipation cavity, and the second liquid outlet pipe passes through the outer heat dissipation cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, a liquid guiding unit is provided in the inner heat dissipation cavity and the outer heat dissipation cavity. The liquid guiding unit includes a spiral partition symmetrically arranged in the inner heat dissipation cavity and a guide portion and a spiral baffle arranged in the outer heat dissipation cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the starting end of the spiral partition corresponds to the liquid inlet pipe, and the ending end corresponds to the first liquid outlet pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide portion is composed of an outer baffle and an inner baffle, a serpentine channel is formed between the two, and the liquid inlet of the serpentine channel is connected to the connecting hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the spiral baffles are symmetrically fixed in the outer heat dissipation cavity, and the two groups of spiral baffles are respectively located on both sides of the second liquid outlet pipe.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. By setting up a heat dissipation unit and an adjustment unit, and adjusting the motor according to the working conditions, under low speed and low load conditions, the adjustment plate blocks the guide groove, so that the coolant circulates only in the inner heat dissipation cavity, avoiding the "overcooling" phenomenon and causing energy loss; when entering the high speed and high load conditions, the adjustment plate deflects under the action of centrifugal force, so that the inner and outer heat dissipation cavities are interconnected, expanding the heat dissipation area and the coolant flow, and quickly taking away the sharply increased heat, thereby effectively preventing the continuous accumulation of heat inside the motor, causing demagnetization of the permanent magnet and insulation aging.

[0021] 2. By setting up a reset mechanism and utilizing the flow damping of hydraulic oil in a narrow channel, the reset speed of the adjustment plate can be delayed and controlled, which can provide a buffer transition when the motor working condition suddenly changes, avoiding the rapid reset of the adjustment plate that causes a sudden change in the coolant circulation flow. It further improves the timeliness of opening the heat dissipation channel under high load conditions and the smoothness of closing the heat dissipation system under low load conditions, maintains the dynamic balance of the heat dissipation system, and extends the service life of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic side view of the cross-sectional structure of the housing, end cover, main shaft and heat dissipation unit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic side view of the cross-sectional structure of the end cover, main shaft and adjustment unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the end cover, fixed plate, guide plate, guide groove, adjustment plate and reset mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment unit and the reset mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment plate, the rotating shaft and the reset mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional structure of the spiral partition of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional structure of the guide portion and the spiral baffle of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide part of the present invention.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 100, housing; 200, end cover; 300, main shaft; 400, rotor; 500, stator; 600, heat dissipation unit; 601, inner heat dissipation cavity; 602, outer heat dissipation cavity; 603, flow hole; 604, cavity; 6041, inner cavity; 6042, outer cavity; 605, delivery hole; 606, connecting hole; 607, liquid inlet pipe; 608, first liquid outlet pipe; 609, second liquid outlet pipe; 700, adjustment unit; 701, fixing plate; 702, connecting plate; 703, guide plate; 7031. Block 1; 7032. Block 2; 704. Guide groove; 705. Adjustment plate; 706. Base; 707. Rotating shaft; 708. Torsion spring; 800. Reset mechanism; 801. Sleeve; 802. Oil storage chamber; 803. Narrow channel; 804. Movable chamber; 805. Piston disc; 806. Connecting rod; 807. Bracket; 900. Liquid guiding unit; 901. Spiral partition; 902. Guide part; 9021. Outer block; 9022. Inner block; 903. Spiral baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 The present application provides a self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor, comprising a housing 100 and end covers 200 arranged at both ends of the housing 100. The housing 100 and the end covers 200 at both ends are fixed by high-strength bolts, and multi-layer fluororubber sealing rings are arranged on the joint surfaces. The housing 100 and the end covers 200 are enclosed to form a sealed cavity, in which a main shaft 300 is rotatably arranged, a rotor 400 is fixed on the main shaft 300, and a stator 500 is arranged on the inner wall of the sealed cavity.

[0037] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 and Figure 8, also includes a heat dissipation unit 600, the heat dissipation unit 600 includes an inner heat dissipation cavity 601 and an outer heat dissipation cavity 602 opened in the shell 100, the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 and the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 are both opened along the axial inner wall of the shell 100, the cross-section is rectangular, and the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 is located on the outside of the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, and multiple groups of flow holes 603 are opened at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at both ends of the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, and cavities 604 are formed between the two end surfaces of the shell 100 and the inner walls of the corresponding end covers 200, and an adjustment unit 700 is arranged in the cavity 604, and multiple groups of conveying holes 605 are opened at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the end cover 200, and connecting holes 606 corresponding to the conveying holes 605 are opened at both ends of the outer heat dissipation cavity 602, and the connecting holes 606 and the conveying holes 60 5 is connected, and a circulation channel is provided on the shell 100, which includes a liquid inlet pipe 607, a first liquid outlet pipe 608 and a second liquid outlet pipe 609 provided on the shell 100, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 607 is provided at the center of the outer surface of the shell 100 and radially extends to the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, the first liquid outlet pipe 608 is symmetrically provided at the front and rear positions of the outer surface of the shell 100, and is also connected to the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, the second liquid outlet pipe 609 is provided at the center of the outer surface of the shell 100 and extends to the outer heat dissipation cavity 602, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 607 and the second liquid outlet pipe 609 are in the same central area but are not coaxially nested, and an angle of 15° to 30° is formed between the axes of the two. Solenoid valves are provided on the liquid inlet pipe 607, the first liquid outlet pipe 608 and the second liquid outlet pipe 609.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 3-Figure 6 The adjusting unit 700 includes a fixed disk 701 symmetrically fixed on the main shaft 300. The outer edge of the fixed disk 701 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell 100. The contact surface of the fixed disk 701 and the shell 100 is provided with a sealing layer to prevent leakage of the coolant. The two sets of fixed disks 701 are respectively fixed with a connecting disk 702 on the opposite sides. The connecting disk 702 and the inner wall of the end cover 200 are rotated together through a rotating sealing ring. The fixed disk 701, the connecting disk 702 and the shell 100 cooperate with each other to achieve the sealing of the cavity 604. A guide disk 703 is fixed on the connecting disk 702. The guide disk 703 rotates It is dynamically connected in the cavity 604 and divides it into an inner cavity 6041 and an outer cavity 6042. A plurality of guide grooves 704 are evenly arranged on the guide plate 703. An adjustment plate 705 is rotatably provided at each group of guide grooves 704. The adjustment plate 705 blocks the guide grooves 704 when it is stationary. When the motor is in a low speed and low load condition, the motor generates less heat. At this time, the adjustment plate 705 is stationary, and the coolant circulates only in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, avoiding unnecessary energy loss. When the adjustment plate 705 is in a deflected state, it is used to open the guide grooves 704.

[0039] Among them, the outer edge of the connecting plate 702 is fixed with a base 706 at equal intervals, and the adjustment plate 705 is rotatably connected to the base 706 through a rotating shaft 707. A torsion spring 708 is provided on the rotating shaft 707. When the main shaft 300 rotates, the fixed plate 701, the connecting plate 702 and the guide plate 703 are controlled to rotate synchronously. As the speed of the main shaft 300 increases, the adjustment plate 705 will be affected by centrifugal force. When the centrifugal force is greater than the elastic force of the torsion spring 708, the adjustment plate 705 will deflect, causing the guide groove 704 to open, so that the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 and the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 are interconnected, and the coolant can enter the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 from the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 through the guide groove 704, thereby increasing the circulation path of the coolant and the heat dissipation area, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. When the motor speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the elastic force of the torsion spring 708 will cause the adjustment plate 705 to return to a stationary state, re-blocking the guide groove 704, and the coolant only circulates in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601.

[0040] Specifically, under low speed and low load conditions, the coolant is first injected into the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 through the liquid inlet pipe 607. At this time, the guide plate 703 is in the initial position, and the adjustment plate 705 blocks the guide groove 704. The coolant mainly circulates in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, and realizes basic heat dissipation through the heat conduction of the shell 100, while reducing the pumping power consumption. Under high speed and high load conditions, when the speed of the spindle 300 increases, the fixed plate 701 and the guide plate 703 move along with the spindle 300. 0 rotates synchronously. Under the action of centrifugal force, the adjustment plate 705 overcomes the resistance of the torsion spring 708 and deflects outward. The open area of the guide groove 704 gradually increases. After the coolant enters the inner cavity 6041 through the flow hole 603, it is diverted to the outer cavity 6042 through the guide groove 704 and enters the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 through the delivery hole 605 and the connecting hole 606 in sequence. The expanded cross-section of the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 is larger than that of the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, so it can accommodate more coolant and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0041] Further, refer to Figure 5-Figure 7803 and movable chamber 804 are sequentially opened in the sleeve 801, and a piston disc 805 is slidably connected in the movable chamber 804. A plug-in rod 806 that passes through the outside of the sleeve 801 is fixed on the piston disc 805, and a bracket 807 is hinged at the end of the plug-in rod 806. The bracket 807 is fixed on the adjusting plate 705, wherein the oil storage chamber 802 is filled with hydraulic oil. When the motor enters a high speed and high load condition, the adjusting plate 705 deflects under the action of centrifugal force to overcome the initial preload force of the torsion spring 708, and the plug-in rod 806 is pulled outward by the bracket 807, thereby driving the piston disc 805 to move away from the oil storage chamber in the movable chamber 804. 802, during which the hydraulic oil in the oil storage chamber 802 flows into the active chamber 804 through the narrow channel 803 driven by the pressure difference. When the motor speed decreases and the working condition switches to a low-load state, the centrifugal force decreases accordingly, and the elastic potential energy stored in the torsion spring 708 begins to be released, driving the adjustment plate 705 to reset to its initial position. The adjustment plate 705 pushes the plug-in rod 806 to move in the opposite direction through the bracket 807, driving the piston disc 805 to slide toward the oil storage chamber 802, squeezing the hydraulic oil in the active chamber 804. At this time, the hydraulic oil needs to flow back to the oil storage chamber 802 through the narrow channel 803. Due to the flow limiting effect of the inner diameter of the narrow channel 803, the hydraulic oil cannot be discharged quickly, forming a blocking effect similar to that of a damper, thereby avoiding a sudden interruption of the outer heat dissipation chamber 602 due to an overly fast reset, so that the coolant circulation flow can gradually decrease with the actual heat generation demand of the motor, thereby maintaining the dynamic balance of the heat dissipation system.

[0042] The reset mechanism 800 delays the reset of the adjustment plate 705 by utilizing the flow damping of the hydraulic oil in the narrow channel 803, so that a buffer transition can be provided when the motor working condition suddenly changes, effectively improving the heat dissipation stability and energy utilization efficiency of the permanent magnet torque motor under complex working conditions, maintaining the dynamic balance of the heat dissipation system, and extending the service life of the motor.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 , stopper 1 7031 and stopper 2 7032 are fixed on the guide plate 703 respectively, wherein stopper 1 7031 is used to limit the adjustment plate 705 to be in a stationary state, and stopper 2 7032 is used to limit the adjustment plate 705 to be in a deflected state. Stopper 1 7031 and stopper 2 7032 effectively prevent the adjustment plate 705 from causing abnormal conditions due to excessive deflection or inadequate reset.

[0044] Further, refer to Figures 8-11A liquid guiding unit 900 is provided in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 and the outer heat dissipation cavity 602. The liquid guiding unit 900 includes a spiral partition 901 symmetrically arranged in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 and a guide part 902 and a spiral baffle 903 arranged in the outer heat dissipation cavity 602. Specifically, the starting end of the spiral partition 901 corresponds to the liquid inlet pipe 607, and the end corresponds to the first liquid outlet pipe 608. The symmetrical spiral partitions 901 form two symmetrically arranged spiral channels, so that after flowing in from the liquid inlet pipe 607, it can be evenly distributed to the two symmetrical spiral channels, fully contacting with the heat-generating components, thereby significantly increasing the exchange area between coolant and heat, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and more effectively taking away the heat generated inside the motor.

[0045] Specifically, refer to Figure 10-11 The guide part 902 is composed of an outer baffle 9021 and an inner baffle 9022, and a serpentine channel is formed between the two. The liquid inlet of the serpentine channel is connected to the connecting hole 606. When the coolant flows into the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 from the connecting hole 606, after passing through the serpentine channel, compared with the straight channel, the contact time between the coolant and the inner wall of the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 and the surrounding heat-generating components is greatly extended, so that the coolant can fully absorb the large amount of heat generated by the motor under high load conditions, effectively reducing the motor temperature.

[0046] Specifically, refer to Figure 10 The spiral baffles 903 are symmetrically fixed in the outer heat dissipation cavity 602. The two sets of spiral baffles 903 are respectively located on both sides of the second liquid outlet pipe 609. After the coolant completes the flow of the serpentine channel, the symmetrically arranged spiral baffles 903 can guide the coolant to flow evenly to the second liquid outlet pipe 609.

[0047] The present application provides a self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor with the following working principle: when the motor is in a low-speed and low-load working condition, the solenoid valve on the liquid inlet pipe 607 is opened, and the coolant flows into the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 from the center position of the outer surface of the shell 100 through the liquid inlet pipe 607. Since the speed of the main shaft 300 is relatively low at this time, the adjustment plate 705 in the adjustment unit 700 remains stationary under the action of the torsion spring 708, blocking the guide groove 704 on the guide plate 703. The coolant can only circulate in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601. The spiral partitions 901 symmetrically arranged in the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 evenly distribute the coolant to two spiral channels, extend the coolant flow path, and make it fully contact with the heat-generating components. Basic heat dissipation is achieved through heat conduction through the shell 100. After completing the heat exchange, the coolant flows out through the first liquid outlet pipe 608 located at the front and rear positions of the outer surface of the shell 100.

[0048] When the motor enters a high-speed, high-load operating condition, the speed of the main shaft 300 increases, the fixed plate 701, the connecting plate 702 and the guide plate 703 rotate synchronously with the main shaft 300, the adjustment plate 705 overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring 708 under the action of centrifugal force and deflects, the guide groove 704 opens, the higher the speed of the main shaft 300 increases, the larger the open area of the guide groove 704, the inner heat dissipation cavity 601 is connected to the outer heat dissipation cavity 602, the liquid inlet pipe 607 continuously injects the coolant into the inner heat dissipation cavity 601, and part of the coolant flows out through the flow holes 603 at both ends of the inner heat dissipation cavity 601. The coolant enters the inner cavity 6041 separated by the guide plate 703, and is then diverted to the outer cavity 6042 through the guide groove 704. Subsequently, the coolant enters the outer heat dissipation cavity 602 through the delivery hole 605 on the inner wall of the end cover 200 and the connecting holes 606 at both ends of the outer heat dissipation cavity 602. After entering the outer heat dissipation cavity 602, the coolant first flows through the serpentine channel composed of the outer baffle 9021 and the inner baffle 9022, and then enters the spiral channel guided by the symmetrical spiral baffle 903, prompting the coolant to flow evenly to the second liquid outlet pipe 609 located at the center of the outer surface of the shell 100 for discharge.

[0049] When the motor switches from a high-speed operating condition to a low-speed operating condition, the centrifugal force decreases, and the torsion spring 708 drives the adjustment plate 705 to reset. At this time, the piston disc 805 slides in the opposite direction in the movable cavity 804. Due to the flow-limiting effect of the narrow channel 803 on the hydraulic oil, the reset speed of the adjustment plate 705 is delayed.

[0050] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor, comprising a housing (100) and end covers (200) arranged at both ends of the housing (100), wherein the housing (100) and the end covers (200) enclose a sealed cavity, wherein a main shaft (300) is rotatably arranged in the sealed cavity, a rotor (400) is fixed on the main shaft (300), and a stator (500) is arranged on the inner wall of the sealed cavity, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device further comprises a heat dissipation unit (600), wherein the heat dissipation unit (600) comprises an inner heat dissipation cavity (601) and an outer heat dissipation cavity (602) provided in the shell (100), a plurality of flow holes (603) being provided at equal intervals at both ends of the inner heat dissipation cavity (601) along the circumferential direction, a cavity (604) being formed between the two end surfaces of the shell (100) and the inner wall of the corresponding end cover (200), an adjustment unit (700) being provided in the cavity (604), a plurality of delivery holes (605) being provided at equal intervals at the inner wall of the end cover (200) along the circumferential direction, and connecting holes (606) corresponding to the delivery holes (605) being provided at both ends of the outer heat dissipation cavity (602), and the connecting holes (606) being connected to the delivery holes (605).

2. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment unit (700) includes a fixed disk (701) symmetrically fixed on the main shaft (300), the outer edge of the fixed disk (701) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell (100), and the two groups of fixed disks (701) are respectively fixed with a connecting disk (702) on the opposite sides, and the connecting disk (702) is rotatably matched with the inner wall of the end cover (200), wherein the fixed disk (701), the connecting disk (702) and the shell (100) cooperate with each other to achieve the sealing of the cavity (604), and a guide disk (703) is fixed on the connecting disk (702), and the guide disk (703) is rotatably connected in the cavity (604) and divides the cavity (604) into an inner cavity (6041) and an outer cavity (6042), and a plurality of groups of guide grooves (704) are evenly arranged on the guide disk (703), and an adjustment plate (705) is rotatably provided at each group of guide grooves (704); When the regulating plate (705) is in a stationary state, the guide groove (704) is shielded. When the regulating plate (705) is in a deflected state, the guide groove (704) is opened.

3. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Bases (706) are fixed at equal intervals on the outer edge of the connecting plate (702); the adjusting plate (705) is rotatably connected to the base (706) via a rotating shaft (707); a torsion spring (708) is provided on the rotating shaft (707); the main shaft (300) rotates to control the fixed plate (701), the connecting plate (702) and the guide plate (703) to rotate synchronously; the adjusting plate (705) deflects to open the guide groove (704), thereby allowing the inner heat dissipation cavity (601) and the outer heat dissipation cavity (602) to communicate with each other; A reset mechanism (800) is provided between the guide plate (703) and the adjustment plate (705), and the reset mechanism (800) is used to slow down the reset speed of the adjustment plate (705).

4. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset mechanism (800) comprises a sleeve (801) hinged on the guide plate (703), wherein the sleeve (801) is provided with an oil storage chamber (802), a narrow channel (803) and a movable chamber (804) which are interconnected in sequence, wherein a piston disc (805) is slidably connected in the movable chamber (804), wherein a plug-in rod (806) which extends through the outside of the sleeve (801) is fixed on the piston disc (805), wherein the end of the plug-in rod (806) is hingedly connected to a bracket (807), and the bracket (807) is fixed on the adjustment plate (705), wherein the oil storage chamber (802) is filled with hydraulic oil.

5. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide plate (703) is respectively fixed with a stopper 1 (7031) and a stopper 2 (7032), wherein the stopper 1 (7031) is used to limit the adjustment plate (705) to be in a stationary state, and the stopper 2 (7032) is used to limit the adjustment plate (705) to be in a deflected state.

6. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (100) is provided with a circulation channel, which comprises a liquid inlet pipe (607), a first liquid outlet pipe (608), and a second liquid outlet pipe (609) provided on the housing (100); the liquid inlet pipe (607) directly passes through the inner heat dissipation cavity (601); the first liquid outlet pipe (608) is connected to the inner heat dissipation cavity (601); and the second liquid outlet pipe (609) passes through the outer heat dissipation cavity (602).

7. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid guiding unit (900) is provided in the inner heat dissipation cavity (601) and the outer heat dissipation cavity (602). The liquid guiding unit (900) comprises a spiral partition (901) symmetrically arranged in the inner heat dissipation cavity (601), and a guide portion (902) and a spiral baffle (903) arranged in the outer heat dissipation cavity (602).

8. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The starting end of the spiral partition (901) corresponds to the liquid inlet pipe (607), and the end corresponds to the first liquid outlet pipe (608).

9. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide portion (902) is composed of an outer baffle (9021) and an inner baffle (9022), a serpentine channel is formed between the two, and the liquid inlet of the serpentine channel is connected to the connecting hole (606).

10. The self-cooling and heat-dissipating permanent magnet torque motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spiral baffles (903) are symmetrically fixed in the outer heat dissipation cavity (602), and two groups of spiral baffles (903) are respectively located on both sides of the second liquid outlet pipe (609).

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