High-voltage gap switch and conduction method thereof

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of high-voltage switches, and provides a high-voltage gap switch and a conduction method thereof. In the high-voltage gap switch, a main gap is formed between a high-voltage electrode and a low-voltage electrode; one end of the low-voltage electrode close to the high-voltage electrode is provided with an annular channel; the trigger electrode is of an annular structure, is arranged in the annular channel, does not make contact with the low-voltage electrode and is connected with the low-voltage electrode through an insulating supporting piece. A trigger gap is formed between the inner side surface of the trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode; the charging oscillating circuit comprises a direct-current power supply and an oscillating circuit which are connected, the direct-current power supply provides energy storage voltage for the oscillating circuit, and the oscillating circuit provides trigger voltage for the trigger gap when the high-voltage gap switch is switched on; the oscillating circuit is connected with the contact electrode and the low-voltage electrode. The high-voltage gap switch can provide high instantaneous pulse voltage by using the direct-current power supply with low voltage, avoids using a high-voltage power supply, reduces the cost, and improves the on-off service life and the conduction speed of the high-voltage gap switch at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-voltage switches, and in particular to a high-voltage gap switch and a conduction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage gap switches are switching devices used in high-voltage power systems, fulfilling the critical task of rapidly conducting and disconnecting high voltages and high currents. Their core principle is to achieve instantaneous circuit conduction or insulation recovery by controlling the breakdown characteristics of the gap dielectric. With the rapid development of modern power systems toward intelligent, high-reliability, and high-capacity systems, as well as the widespread application of pulse power technology in fields such as medicine and scientific research, the performance requirements for high-voltage gap switches are becoming increasingly stringent, placing higher demands on their conduction speed, interruption life, and response consistency.

[0003] Traditional high-voltage gap switches rely primarily on two triggering mechanisms: static triggering and dynamic triggering. Static triggering achieves gap breakdown by adjusting the gap distance or dielectric pressure, utilizing natural overvoltage. While this type of switch has a simple structure, the trigger voltage is significantly affected by factors such as ambient temperature and humidity, electrode aging, and poor repeatability. Furthermore, the breakdown delay time is difficult to precisely control, making it unsuitable for high-precision pulse power devices. Dynamic triggering actively controls gap breakdown through external energy injection (such as plasma jets, electric pulses, or mechanical displacement). High-voltage electric pulse triggering places high demands on the pulse source, requiring a high-voltage power supply, resulting in bulky and expensive equipment. Mechanical displacement triggering suffers from issues with trigger voltage dispersion, poor repeatability, and difficulty in accurately controlling the breakdown delay time. The service life of the plasma jet method is limited by the design of the triggering device. Consequently, existing high-voltage gap switches suffer from the need for a high-voltage power supply, a short switching life, slow conduction speeds, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-voltage gap switch and a conduction method thereof to solve the technical problems in related technologies that the high-voltage gap switch requires a high-voltage power supply, has a short breaking life, a slow conduction speed and high cost.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-voltage gap switch, comprising: a high-voltage lead terminal, a low-voltage lead terminal, a sealed insulator, and a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode, a trigger electrode, a charging oscillation circuit, and an insulating support member disposed inside the sealed insulator;

[0006] A main gap is formed between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode; an annular groove is provided at one end of the low-voltage electrode close to the high-voltage electrode; the trigger electrode is an annular structure, disposed in the annular groove and not in contact with the low-voltage electrode, and connected to the low-voltage electrode through the insulating support; a trigger gap is formed between the inner side surface of the trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode;

[0007] The charging oscillation circuit includes a DC power supply and an oscillation circuit connected thereto, wherein the DC power supply is used to provide a storage voltage for the oscillation circuit, and the oscillation circuit is used to provide a trigger voltage for the trigger gap when the high-voltage gap switch is turned on; one end of the oscillation circuit is connected to the low-voltage electrode, and the other end is connected to the trigger electrode;

[0008] The high-voltage electrode is connected to the high-voltage lead terminal, and the low-voltage electrode is connected to the low-voltage lead terminal. At least part of the high-voltage lead terminal and at least part of the low-voltage lead terminal are arranged outside the sealed insulator.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the oscillation circuit includes an energy storage capacitor, a trigger switch, and a charging inductor;

[0010] One end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the first end of the trigger switch, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage electrode as one end of the oscillation circuit;

[0011] The second end of the trigger switch is connected to one end of the charging inductor, and the other end of the charging inductor is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor;

[0012] The second end of the trigger switch also serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode;

[0013] The positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor.

[0014] In a possible implementation, when the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the trigger switch is closed for a preset time and then disconnected, so that the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap;

[0015] Wherein, the preset time is determined according to the oscillation period of the oscillation circuit.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the oscillation circuit further includes a protection resistor, a protection diode, and a protection capacitor;

[0017] One end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply, and the other end of the protection resistor is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor;

[0018] The second end of the trigger switch is connected to the anode of the protection diode, and the cathode of the protection diode is connected to one end of the charging inductor;

[0019] The cathode of the protection diode is also connected to one end of the protection capacitor, and the other end of the protection capacitor serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the trigger electrode is close to one end of the high-voltage electrode and lower than one end of the low-voltage electrode close to the high-voltage electrode.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the sealed insulator is filled with insulating gas, and the insulating gas includes sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode both have rounded corners.

[0023] In a possible implementation, an outer surface of the sealed insulator is provided with an shed.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for turning on a high-voltage gap switch, which is applied to the high-voltage gap switch according to any one of the first aspects, the method comprising:

[0025] When the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the charge oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, so that the trigger gap breaks down to generate plasma, distorts the main gap electric field, and the main gap breaks down, thereby turning on the high-voltage gap switch.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the charging oscillation circuit further includes a controller; the oscillation circuit in the charging oscillation circuit includes an energy storage capacitor, a trigger switch, and a charging inductor;

[0027] One end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the first end of the trigger switch, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage electrode as one end of the oscillation circuit;

[0028] The second end of the trigger switch is connected to one end of the charging inductor, and the other end of the charging inductor is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor;

[0029] The second end of the trigger switch also serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode;

[0030] The positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor;

[0031] The controller is connected to the third end of the trigger switch;

[0032] The charging current oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, including:

[0033] The controller controls the trigger switch to be closed for a preset time and then open, and the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap.

[0034] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0035] The embodiments of the present application provide a high-voltage gap switch and a turn-on method thereof. The high-voltage gap switch includes a main gap and a trigger gap. The trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode forming the trigger gap are respectively connected to the oscillation circuit. The DC power supply provides a storage voltage for the oscillation circuit. When the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on, the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap. The trigger gap breaks down to generate plasma, causing the main gap electric field to be distorted and eventually leading to the breakdown of the main gap, thereby realizing the turn-on of the high-voltage gap switch. By setting a trigger gap in combination with a charging oscillation circuit to break down the main gap, a higher instantaneous pulse voltage can be provided using a lower voltage DC power supply, thereby avoiding the use of a high-voltage power supply, reducing costs, and making the high-voltage gap switch compact. At the same time, the trigger gap breakdown process causes less damage to the high-voltage gap switch, thereby improving the breaking life of the high-voltage gap switch. The DC power supply can complete the energy storage of the oscillation circuit in a short time, thereby improving the turn-on speed and breaking repetition rate of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0036] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a high-voltage gap switch provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage electrode provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a trigger electrode provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection between a charging oscillation circuit and a trigger gap equivalent capacitor provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG5( a ) is a schematic diagram showing a circuit connection between a charging oscillation circuit and a trigger gap equivalent capacitor according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG5( b ) is a schematic diagram showing the circuit connection between the charging oscillation circuit and the trigger gap equivalent capacitor provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG6( a ) is a schematic diagram of voltage changes of an energy storage capacitor provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG6( b ) is a schematic diagram of current variation of a charging inductor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG6( c ) is a schematic diagram of voltage variation of the trigger gap equivalent capacitance provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present application will be described more clearly below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art further understand the function of the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make a number of modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0049] It will also be understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0050] In the description of this application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0052] In addition, the “plurality” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be interpreted as two or more.

[0053] In order to use a low-voltage power supply to turn on the high-voltage gap switch, while improving the breaking life, conduction speed and reducing costs of the high-voltage gap switch, the present application sets a high-voltage gap switch including a main gap and a trigger gap. The trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode forming the trigger gap are respectively connected to the oscillation circuit. The DC power supply provides a storage voltage for the oscillation circuit. When the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on, the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap. The trigger gap breaks down to generate plasma, causing the main gap electric field to be distorted and eventually leading to the breakdown of the main gap, thereby realizing the conduction of the high-voltage gap switch. By setting a trigger gap in combination with a charging oscillation circuit to break down the main gap, a higher instantaneous pulse voltage can be provided using a lower voltage DC power supply, avoiding the use of a high-voltage power supply, reducing costs and making the high-voltage gap switch compact. At the same time, the trigger gap breakdown process causes less damage to the high-voltage gap switch, thereby improving the breaking life of the high-voltage gap switch. The DC power supply can complete the energy storage of the oscillation circuit in a short time, thereby improving the conduction speed and breaking repetition rate of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, specific embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage gap switch provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the high-voltage gap switch provided in the embodiment of the present application may include: a high-voltage lead-out terminal 1, a low-voltage lead-out terminal 2, a sealed insulator 3, and a high-voltage electrode 4, a low-voltage electrode 5, a trigger electrode 6, a charging oscillation circuit 7 and an insulating support 8 arranged inside the sealed insulator 3.

[0056] Among them, a main gap 9 is formed between the high-voltage electrode 4 and the low-voltage electrode 5; an annular channel is provided at one end of the low-voltage electrode 5 close to the high-voltage electrode 4; the trigger electrode 6 is an annular structure, arranged in the annular channel and not in contact with the low-voltage electrode 5, and is connected to the low-voltage electrode 5 through an insulating support 8; a trigger gap 10 is formed between the inner side surface of the trigger electrode 6 and the low-voltage electrode 5.

[0057] The charging oscillation circuit 7 includes a connected DC power supply and an oscillation circuit, the DC power supply is used to provide a storage voltage for the oscillation circuit, and the oscillation circuit is used to provide a trigger voltage for the trigger gap 10 when the high-voltage gap switch is turned on; one end of the oscillation circuit is connected to the low-voltage electrode 5, and the other end is connected to the trigger electrode 6.

[0058] The high voltage electrode 4 is connected to the high voltage lead terminal 1 , and the low voltage electrode 5 is connected to the low voltage lead terminal 2 . At least part of the high voltage lead terminal 1 and at least part of the low voltage lead terminal 2 are arranged outside the sealed insulator 3 .

[0059] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 An annular channel 11 is provided at one end of the low-voltage electrode 5. The trigger electrode 6 is annular in structure and is supported by an insulating support 8 within the annular channel 11 of the low-voltage electrode 5. As a result, the trigger electrode 6 is not electrically connected to either the low-voltage electrode 5 or the high-voltage electrode 4. The annular structure of the trigger electrode 6 increases its area and reduces the impact of electrode erosion on the interrupting life of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0060] The main gap 9 formed between the high-voltage electrode 4 and the low-voltage electrode 5 is designed to withstand high operating voltages and conduct high currents, serving as the primary current-carrying gap. The breakdown voltage of main gap 9 can be 1.3 to 1.5 times its operating voltage to ensure that it avoids accidental breakdown when not triggered and effectively conducts when triggered. Under the operating voltage, main gap 9 presents a slightly nonuniform electric field.

[0061] The trigger gap 10 formed between the inner side of the trigger electrode 6 and the low-voltage electrode 5 does not bear the operating voltage. Instead, it is used in conjunction with the charge oscillation circuit 7 to break down the main gap 9. The width of the trigger gap 10 is determined by the breakdown voltage of the trigger gap 10. For example, if the breakdown voltage of the trigger gap 10 is 10kV, the trigger gap 10 can be 2mm; if the breakdown voltage of the trigger gap 10 is 5kV, the trigger gap 10 can be 1mm. The DC power supply in the charge oscillation circuit 7 is a low-voltage power supply with a peak voltage of 1kV, which is used to provide the energy storage voltage for the oscillation circuit.

[0062] When the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on, the oscillator circuit generates a trigger voltage in trigger gap 10 based on its stored energy. This generates a transient high voltage, such as 14.14 kV, in trigger gap 10, which can cause self-breakdown of trigger gap 10. This breakdown of trigger gap 10 generates a free plasma, which severely distorts the electric field in main gap 9, ultimately causing main gap 9 to break down and turn on the high-voltage gap switch. As can be seen from the foregoing, the main gap 9 has a slightly non-uniform electric field, and breakdown is very likely to occur when there is electric field distortion.

[0063] In this way, a trigger gap 10 is set in combination with a charging oscillation circuit 7 to break down the main gap 9, and a higher instantaneous pulse voltage can be provided using a DC power supply with a lower voltage, thereby avoiding the use of a high-voltage power supply and reducing costs. At the same time, the breakdown process of the trigger gap 10 causes less damage to the high-voltage gap switch, thereby improving the breaking life of the high-voltage gap switch. The DC power supply can complete the energy storage of the oscillation circuit in a short time, thereby improving the conduction speed and breaking repetition rate of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0064] Optionally, the end of the trigger electrode 6 close to the high-voltage electrode 4 is lower than the end of the low-voltage electrode 5 close to the high-voltage electrode 4. For example, the end of the trigger electrode 6 close to the high-voltage electrode 4 can be 1 to 2 mm lower than the end of the low-voltage electrode 5 close to the high-voltage electrode 4, so as to ensure that after the trigger gap 10 is broken down, it is the main gap 9 between the high-voltage electrode 4 and the low-voltage electrode 5 that is broken down, rather than the gap between the trigger electrode 6 and the high-voltage electrode 4.

[0065] Exemplarily, both the high-voltage electrode 4 and the low-voltage electrode 5 have rounded corners, thereby ensuring that there is no local extremely non-uniform field.

[0066] In some embodiments, the sealed insulator 3 is filled with an insulating gas comprising sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen (N2). Using a mixture of SF6 and N2 as the insulating gas within the sealed insulator 3 ensures arc extinguishing performance and reduces greenhouse gas usage. Sheaths are provided on the outer surface of the sealed insulator 3 to prevent surface flashover between the high-voltage lead terminal 1 and the low-voltage lead terminal 2.

[0067] Optionally, the high-voltage lead-out terminal 1 is connected to the end of the high-voltage electrode 4 away from the low-voltage electrode 5, and the low-voltage lead-out terminal 2 is connected to the end of the low-voltage electrode 5 away from the high-voltage electrode 4. The high-voltage lead-out terminal 1 and the low-voltage lead-out terminal 2 serve as the two ends of the high-voltage gap switch for connecting an external circuit.

[0068] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 4 The oscillation circuit may include a storage capacitor C1, a trigger switch S and a charging inductor L.

[0069] One end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the trigger switch S, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 serves as one end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the low-voltage electrode. The second end of the trigger switch S is connected to one end of the charging inductor L, and the other end of the charging inductor L is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1. The second end of the trigger switch S also serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode. The positive electrode of the DC power supply V is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor C1, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply V is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1.

[0070] Optionally, when the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the trigger switch S is closed for a preset time and then disconnected, so that the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, wherein the preset time is determined according to the oscillation period of the oscillation circuit.

[0071] For example, the DC power supply V can be a low-voltage power supply used to charge the energy storage capacitor C1 in the oscillation circuit, allowing the energy storage capacitor C1 to maintain its energy storage state. When the high-voltage gap switch is not required to be turned on, the charging oscillation circuit is in a non-triggered state. At this time, the trigger switch S remains off, and the DC power supply V charges the energy storage capacitor C1, maintaining the voltage across the energy storage capacitor C1 equal to the voltage of the DC power supply V.

[0072] It should be noted that the trigger gap can be equivalent to a capacitor, called the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2. When the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on, the charging oscillation circuit is in the trigger state. Referring to Figure 5(a), the trigger switch S is closed, the energy storage capacitor C1 charges the charging inductor L, and the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitor C1 is converted into electrical energy in the charging inductor L. When the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 drops to 0, the trigger switch S is disconnected, that is, at this time the current of the charging inductor L reaches its maximum value. Afterwards, referring to Figure 5(b), the charging inductor L and the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 form another oscillation circuit, which can also be called a trigger circuit. Since the current of the charging inductor L cannot change suddenly, energy is released along the loop of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2, and a trigger voltage is generated on the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2, triggering the gap to break down. Afterwards, as mentioned above, the trigger gap breakdown generates ionized plasma, causing severe distortion of the main gap electric field, ultimately leading to the main gap breakdown, and achieving the conduction of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0073] The capacitance value of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 is set to be much smaller than the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor C1 . Therefore, the trigger voltage generated by the trigger gap is much higher than the voltage when the energy storage capacitor C1 stores energy.

[0074] It should be noted that when the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the trigger switch S is closed for a preset time and then opened. The preset time is determined by the oscillation period of the oscillation circuit, and here the preset time is one-quarter of the oscillation period. This is because in the oscillation circuit, the energy storage capacitor C1 charges the charging inductor L during the first quarter of the oscillation period. The voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 drops to 0, and the current of the charging inductor L reaches its maximum value.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 5(a) and 5(b), the oscillation circuit may further include a protection resistor R, a protection diode D and a protection capacitor C3.

[0076] One end of the protection resistor R is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply V, and the other end of the protection resistor R is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor C1. The second end of the trigger switch S is connected to the positive electrode of the protection diode D, and the negative electrode of the protection diode D is connected to one end of the charging inductor L. The negative electrode of the protection diode D is also connected to one end of the protection capacitor C3, and the other end of the protection capacitor C3 serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode.

[0077] In this embodiment, protection resistor R is used to suppress the instantaneous output power of DC power supply V, ensuring safe operation of DC power supply V. Protection diode D is used to ensure that energy is not transferred back to energy storage capacitor C1 during the charging process of trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 by charging inductor L. Protection capacitor C3 is used to prevent damage to the trigger circuit caused by the instantaneous breakdown of trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2.

[0078] As an example, the parameters of each component in the charging oscillation circuit can be: the peak voltage of the DC power supply V is 1kV, the power is 10W, the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor C1 is 1nF, the resistance value of the protection resistor R is 1kΩ, the inductance value of the charging inductor L is 10mH, the internal resistance is 1Ω, the capacitance value of the protection capacitor C3 is 10nF, the capacitance value of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 is 5pF, and the rated voltage of the protection diode D is 5kV.

[0079] For example, when the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on and the charging oscillation circuit is in the triggered state, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1, the current of the charging inductor L, and the voltage of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 are shown in Figures 6(a), 6(b), and 6(c), respectively. The voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 is maintained at 1kV. When the trigger switch S is closed, the energy storage capacitor C1 charges the charging inductor L. At the same time, since the trigger switch S turns on the energy storage capacitor C1 and the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 in parallel, there will also be a voltage across the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2. After a quarter of the oscillation cycle (preset time), the trigger switch S is disconnected, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 drops to 0, the voltage of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 drops to 0, and the current of the charging inductor L reaches its maximum value. Afterwards, the charging inductor L releases energy along the loop of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2, and the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 generates a high voltage of 14.14kV, triggering the gap to break down.

[0080] During the on-state of the trigger switch S, the resonant frequency f1 of the resonant circuit formed by the energy storage capacitor C1 and the charging inductor L can be expressed as:

[0081]

[0082] Where L0 is the inductance of the charging inductor L, C 01 is the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor C1. The oscillation period is the inverse of the resonant frequency f1 and can be calculated to be 19.87 μs, so the preset time is 4.97 μs.

[0083] After the trigger switch S is disconnected, the resonant frequency f2 of the resonant circuit composed of the charging inductor L, the protection capacitor C3 and the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 can be expressed as:

[0084]

[0085] Where C 02 is the capacitance value of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2. The protection capacitor C3 is ignored here because the capacitance value of the protection capacitor C3 is much larger than the capacitance value of the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2. Therefore, the influence on the equivalent capacitance in the series resonant circuit can be ignored.

[0086] After the trigger switch S is closed and opened, the energy storage capacitor C1 and the charging inductor L resonate for a quarter of an oscillation cycle (preset time), and the charging inductor L, the protection capacitor C3 and the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 resonate for a quarter of an oscillation cycle (preset time), and then the energy W on the energy storage capacitor C1 can be transferred to the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2. According to the calculation formula of the capacitor storage energy:

[0087]

[0088] The voltage U of the trigger gap equivalent capacitance C2 can be obtained 02 is the voltage U of the energy storage capacitor C1 01 That is, the theoretical voltage of the trigger gap equivalent capacitance C2 can reach 14.14kV. However, in practical applications, considering the loss of the trigger switch S and the resistance loss in the line, it may cause 10% to 20% energy loss, but the trigger gap breakdown can still be guaranteed.

[0089] The charging oscillation circuit may further include a controller connected to the third end of the trigger switch S. When the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on, the controller controls the trigger switch S to close, and after a preset time, the controller controls the trigger switch S to disconnect, ensuring that the trigger switch S is turned on for a preset time, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 drops to 0, and the current of the charging inductor L reaches a maximum value.

[0090] It should be noted that the DC power supply V can complete the charging of the energy storage capacitor C1 within 1ms. The energy storage capacitor C1 transfers energy to the charging inductor L after a quarter of an oscillation period, and the charging inductor L transfers energy to the trigger gap equivalent capacitor C2 after a quarter of an oscillation period. In this way, the high-voltage gap switch can be turned on in microseconds and repeatedly opened and closed in milliseconds, thereby improving the conduction speed and switching repetition rate of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0091] The high-voltage gap switch provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a high-voltage gap switch including a main gap and a trigger gap. The trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode forming the trigger gap are respectively connected to the oscillation circuit. The DC power supply provides a storage voltage for the oscillation circuit. When the high-voltage gap switch needs to be turned on, the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap. The trigger gap breaks down to generate plasma, which distorts the electric field of the main gap and eventually causes the main gap to break down, thereby realizing the conduction of the high-voltage gap switch. By setting a trigger gap in combination with a charging oscillation circuit to break down the main gap, a higher instantaneous pulse voltage can be provided using a lower voltage DC power supply, thereby avoiding the use of a high-voltage power supply, reducing costs, and making the high-voltage gap switch compact. At the same time, the trigger gap breakdown process causes less damage to the high-voltage gap switch, thereby improving the breaking life of the high-voltage gap switch. The DC power supply can complete the energy storage of the oscillation circuit in a short time, thereby improving the conduction speed and breaking repetition rate of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0092] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for conducting a high-voltage gap switch, which is applied to the high-voltage gap switch. The method in the embodiment of the present application may include:

[0093] When the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the charge oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, so that the trigger gap breaks down to generate plasma, distorts the main gap electric field, and breaks down the main gap, thereby realizing the conduction of the high-voltage gap switch.

[0094] The high-voltage gap switch in this embodiment is the high-voltage gap switch provided by any embodiment of the present application.

[0095] In some embodiments, the charging oscillation circuit further includes a controller; the oscillation circuit in the charging oscillation circuit includes an energy storage capacitor, a trigger switch and a charging inductor.

[0096] One end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the first end of the trigger switch, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor serves as one end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the low-voltage electrode. The second end of the trigger switch is connected to one end of the charging inductor, and the other end of the charging inductor is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor. The second end of the trigger switch also serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode. The positive terminal of the DC power supply is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor. A controller is connected to the third end of the trigger switch.

[0097] Correspondingly, when the charging oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, the controller can control the trigger switch to be closed for a preset time and then open, and the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap.

[0098] The specific implementation process and principle of the conduction method of the high-voltage gap switch in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0099] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0100] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the templates, units, and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0102] If the module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0103] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage gap switch, characterized in that: include: High-voltage lead-out terminal, low-voltage lead-out terminal, sealed insulator, and high-voltage electrode, low-voltage electrode, trigger electrode, current charging oscillation circuit and insulating support arranged inside the sealed insulator; A main gap is formed between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode; an annular groove is provided at one end of the low-voltage electrode close to the high-voltage electrode; the trigger electrode is an annular structure, disposed in the annular groove and not in contact with the low-voltage electrode, and connected to the low-voltage electrode through the insulating support; a trigger gap is formed between the inner side surface of the trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode; The charging oscillation circuit includes a DC power supply and an oscillation circuit connected thereto, wherein the DC power supply is used to provide a storage voltage for the oscillation circuit, and the oscillation circuit is used to provide a trigger voltage for the trigger gap when the high-voltage gap switch is turned on; one end of the oscillation circuit is connected to the low-voltage electrode, and the other end is connected to the trigger electrode; The high-voltage electrode is connected to the high-voltage lead terminal, and the low-voltage electrode is connected to the low-voltage lead terminal. At least part of the high-voltage lead terminal and at least part of the low-voltage lead terminal are arranged outside the sealed insulator.

2. The high-voltage gap switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscillation circuit includes an energy storage capacitor, a trigger switch and a charging inductor; One end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the first end of the trigger switch, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage electrode as one end of the oscillation circuit; The second end of the trigger switch is connected to one end of the charging inductor, and the other end of the charging inductor is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor; The second end of the trigger switch also serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode; The positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor.

3. The high-voltage gap switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the trigger switch is closed for a preset time and then disconnected, so that the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap; Wherein, the preset time is determined according to the oscillation period of the oscillation circuit.

4. The high-voltage gap switch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The oscillation circuit also includes a protection resistor, a protection diode and a protection capacitor; One end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply, and the other end of the protection resistor is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor; The second end of the trigger switch is connected to the anode of the protection diode, and the cathode of the protection diode is connected to one end of the charging inductor; The cathode of the protection diode is also connected to one end of the protection capacitor, and the other end of the protection capacitor serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode.

5. The high-voltage gap switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The trigger electrode is close to one end of the high-voltage electrode and lower than one end of the low-voltage electrode close to the high-voltage electrode.

6. The high-voltage gap switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sealed insulator is filled with insulating gas, which includes sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen.

7. The high-voltage gap switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode both have rounded corners.

8. The high-voltage gap switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the sealed insulator is provided with an shed.

9. A method for turning on a high-voltage gap switch, characterized in that: Applied to the high-voltage gap switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: When the high-voltage gap switch is turned on, the charge oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, so that the trigger gap breaks down to generate plasma, distorts the main gap electric field, and the main gap breaks down, thereby turning on the high-voltage gap switch.

10. The method for turning on a high-voltage gap switch according to claim 9, wherein: The charging oscillation circuit further includes a controller; the oscillation circuit in the charging oscillation circuit includes an energy storage capacitor, a trigger switch and a charging inductor; One end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the first end of the trigger switch, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage electrode as one end of the oscillation circuit; The second end of the trigger switch is connected to one end of the charging inductor, and the other end of the charging inductor is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor; the second end of the trigger switch also serves as the other end of the oscillation circuit and is connected to the trigger electrode; the positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the other end of the energy storage capacitor; The controller is connected to the third end of the trigger switch; The charging current oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap, including: The controller controls the trigger switch to be closed for a preset time and then open, and the oscillation circuit provides a trigger voltage for the trigger gap.

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