Pet food composition containing nano-selenium as well as preparation method and application of pet food composition

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pet food, and particularly relates to a pet food composition containing nano-selenium as well as a preparation method and application of the pet food composition. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.01 to 0.03 part of nano-coated selenium-rich component, 32 to 68 parts of animal protein, 16.5 to 19 parts of carbohydrate, 10 to 20 parts of fat, 6.5 to 8.5 parts of plant fiber, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of mineral substances and 1 to 3 parts of vitamin premix. According to the pet food composition containing nano-selenium disclosed by the invention, selenium-rich components are wrapped by a nano-hybrid coating technology, so that the stability and bioavailability of the pet food composition are improved, the immunity of pets can be enhanced, diseases can be prevented, and healthy growth of the pets can be promoted. Meanwhile, the composition is comprehensive in nutritional ingredients, the immunity of the pets is enhanced, and the allergic reaction of the pets can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pet food, and in particular relates to a pet food composition containing nano-selenium, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As pets continue to play an increasingly important role in people's lives, pet owners are increasingly concerned about the health of their dogs and cats, and are placing higher demands on the nutritional quality of pet food. The healthy growth and normal physiological activities of pets depend on a proper nutritional supply. However, common organic selenium (such as selenomethionine) used in pet foods currently on the market suffers from low bioavailability (approximately 60% to 70%), a high risk of liver and kidney accumulation, and limited antioxidant effects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a nano-selenium-containing pet food composition, a preparation method and application thereof, so that the prepared nano-selenium-containing pet food composition contains nano-selenium, which can significantly improve the absorption efficiency of selenium and reduce the risk of toxicity.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a nano-selenium-containing pet food composition, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] The nano-coated selenium-rich component comprises 0.01 to 0.03 parts, 32 to 68 parts of animal protein, 16.5 to 19 parts of carbohydrates, 10 to 20 parts of fat, 6.5 to 8.5 parts of plant fiber, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of minerals and 1 to 3 parts of vitamin premix.

[0007] Preferably, the nano-encapsulated selenium-rich component includes nano-encapsulated selenomethionine.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the nano-coated selenomethionine comprises: mixing the nano-carrier and selenomethionine, and then emulsifying and homogenizing to obtain the nano-coated selenomethionine.

[0009] Preferably, the nanocarrier comprises silica aerogel; before the mixing, the silica aerogel is heat-treated; the heat treatment temperature is 790 to 810° C., and the heat treatment time is 1.9 to 2.1 hours.

[0010] Preferably, the emulsification time is 4 to 6 minutes, the rotation speed is 9000 to 11000 rpm; the homogenization is performed 2 to 3 times, the homogenization time each time is 28 to 32 seconds, and the homogenization pressure is 390 to 410 bar.

[0011] Preferably, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition further comprises 2 to 5 parts of other auxiliary materials; the other auxiliary materials include one or more of lecithin, fish oil, antioxidants and flavorings.

[0012] Preferably, the animal protein comprises chicken breast, salmon meal and egg powder;

[0013] The carbohydrates include 15-16 parts of corn flour, 1-2 parts of potato starch, and 0.5-1 part of tapioca flour;

[0014] The plant fibers include beet pulp and carrots;

[0015] The minerals include one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate and sodium chloride.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for preparing the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition described in the above technical solution, comprising:

[0017] Premixing the animal protein, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals and vitamin premix to obtain a premix;

[0018] Mixing the premix and the nano-coated selenium-rich component to obtain a mixture;

[0019] mixing the mixed material with water and grinding to obtain a primary product;

[0020] The primary product is dried to obtain a pet food composition.

[0021] Preferably, the drying comprises vacuum freeze drying;

[0022] The vacuum freeze drying includes pre-freeze drying, sublimation drying and desorption drying; the pre-freeze drying temperature is -45 to -35°C, the vacuum degree is ≤50Pa, and the time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours; the sublimation drying temperature is -15 to -25°C, the vacuum degree is ≤50Pa, and the time is 5 to 7 hours; the desorption drying temperature is 20 to 30°C, the vacuum degree is ≤50Pa, and the time is 10 to 14 hours.

[0023] The present invention provides the use of the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition described in the above technical solution or the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the preparation of at least one of the following 1) to 4): 1) complete cat food; 2) complete dog food; 3) pet snacks; 4) nutritional supplements.

[0024] The present invention provides a nano-selenium-containing pet food composition. The animal protein provided by the present invention provides high-quality protein, improving pets' functional abilities. Furthermore, the plant fiber and mineral / vitamin premix contain a variety of trace elements, vitamins, and minerals, synergistically enhancing pets' immune and antioxidant functions. Furthermore, the nano-hybrid coating technology encapsulates the selenium-rich ingredients, improving their stability and bioavailability. This enhances pets' immunity, prevents disease, and promotes their healthy growth.

[0025] In summary, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition of the present invention has comprehensive nutritional ingredients, and by adjusting the ratio of each raw material, the health and anti-allergy ability of pets can be improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides a nano-selenium-containing pet food composition, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-0.03 parts of a nano-coated selenium-rich ingredient, 32-68 parts of animal protein, 16.5-19 parts of carbohydrates, 10-20 parts of fat, 6.5-8.5 parts of plant fiber, 3.5-4.5 parts of minerals and 1-3 parts of a vitamin premix.

[0027] In parts by weight, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 32 to 68 parts of animal protein, or 45 to 55 parts, or 48 to 53 parts, and more preferably 50 parts. In the present invention, the animal protein includes one or more of chicken breast, fresh pork, salmon meal, and egg powder, more preferably chicken breast, fresh pork, salmon meal, and egg powder. As an optional embodiment, the chicken breast of the present invention includes 20 to 30 parts, or 22 to 27 parts, and more preferably 25 parts; the chicken breast is an important source of high-quality protein, rich in various essential amino acids, and easily digested and absorbed by pets. The fresh pork of the present invention includes 5 to 15 parts, or 7 to 13 parts, and more preferably 10 parts; fresh pork can provide high-quality animal fat and protein to supplement the energy and essential amino acids required by pets. The salmon meal of the present invention includes 5 to 15 parts, or 8 to 12 parts, and more preferably 10 parts; the salmon is rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, high-quality protein, vitamin D, vitamin B12, and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Among them, DHA and EPA in Omega-3 fatty acids help to improve the skin health of pets, reduce inflammatory responses, and make the hair smoother and glossier. At the same time, they also have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system and brain development of pets; rich high-quality protein can provide pets with sufficient nutrition to support their daily activities and the maintenance of their body functions. The egg powder of the present invention includes 2 to 8 parts, or 4 to 6 parts, and more preferably 5 parts; egg powder is a high-quality protein source with comprehensive nutrition and extremely high bioavailability. It is rich in ovalbumin and yolk protein, contains all the essential amino acids required by the human body, and is in an appropriate proportion. It is close to the demand pattern of the pet's body and is easy to digest and absorb. In addition, egg powder also contains lecithin, multiple vitamins (such as vitamin A, vitamin E, B vitamins) and trace elements such as iron, zinc, and selenium. Lecithin helps the pet's brain development and nervous system health. Vitamins and trace elements can enhance the pet's immunity, promote metabolism, and maintain the normal physiological functions of the pet's body.

[0028] Based on the weight of animal protein, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 0.01 to 0.03 parts of nano-coated selenium-rich components, or 0.015 to 0.025 parts.

[0029] As an optional embodiment, the nano-encapsulated selenium-rich component of the present invention includes nano-encapsulated selenomethionine. As an optional embodiment, the method for preparing the nano-encapsulated selenomethionine of the present invention comprises: mixing a nanocarrier and selenomethionine, followed by emulsification and homogenization to obtain the nano-encapsulated selenomethionine. As an optional embodiment, the nanocarrier of the present invention comprises silica aerogel; prior to the mixing, the silica aerogel is heat-treated; the heat treatment temperature of the present invention is 790-810°C, more preferably 800°C, and the heat treatment time is 1.9-2.1 hours, more preferably 2 hours. The heat treatment removes surface hydrophobic groups, thereby increasing the carrier's hydrophilicity and adsorption capacity. As an optional embodiment, the mass ratio of the heat-treated nanocarriers and selenomethionine in the present invention is 1: (2-3), more preferably 1: 3. The setting of the mass ratio can make the nanocarrier (silica aerogel) fully contact with selenomethionine, ensure that the carrier adsorbs saturated and evenly disperses selenomethionine, avoid the exposure of active ingredients due to insufficient carriers or the decrease in coating efficiency due to excessive carriers, thereby optimizing the stability and drug loading of the nanocoating system. As an optional embodiment, the present invention is emulsified and homogenized after mixing. The emulsification time of the present invention is 4 to 6 minutes, more preferably 5 minutes; the emulsification speed is 9000 to 11000 rpm, more preferably 10000 rpm. The number of homogenizations in the present invention is 2 to 3 times, more preferably 3 times, and the time for each homogenization is 28 to 32 seconds, more preferably 30 seconds; the homogenization pressure is 390 to 410 bar, more preferably 400 bar. The emulsification and homogenization parameters described in the present invention produce a nano-scale emulsion with uniform particle size distribution and excellent dispersion, effectively reducing selenomethionine particle agglomeration and paving the way for subsequent spray drying to produce monodisperse nano-coated particles. High-speed emulsification initially breaks up particle agglomerates, and combined with the shear force of high-pressure homogenization, the particle size can be refined to <100 nm, significantly increasing the specific surface area and biofilm contact efficiency of the nano-coated selenomethionine, thereby enhancing selenium absorption and utilization by pets. Following homogenization, the present invention dries and pulverizes the resulting homogenized product. As an optional embodiment, the drying method described in the present invention includes spray drying. As an optional embodiment, the inlet air temperature of the spray drying method described in the present invention is 125-135°C, more preferably 130°C; the outlet air temperature of the spray drying method is 75-85°C, more preferably 80°C. The nano-coated selenomethionine of the present invention has a particle size of <100 nm after pulverization, making it easily absorbed. The present invention prepares selenomethionine particles with a particle size of less than 100 nm through nano-coating technology, which significantly improves the absorption efficiency of selenium and reduces the risk of toxicity.

[0030] Based on the weight of animal protein, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 16.5 to 19 parts of carbohydrates, or 17 to 18 parts. As an optional embodiment, the carbohydrates of the present invention include 15 to 16 parts of corn flour, or 15 parts. Corn flour can provide carbohydrates and energy to maintain the basal metabolic needs of pets; the carbohydrates of the present invention include 1 to 2 parts of potato starch, or 1.5 parts. Potato starch provides easily digestible carbohydrates for pet growth, supports intestinal function and energy reserves; the carbohydrates of the present invention include 0.5 to 1 part of cassava flour, or 1 part. Cassava flour improves the texture of pet food, provides dietary fiber, and promotes digestion and absorption.

[0031] The nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 10 to 20 parts by weight of fat, or 14 to 16 parts, more preferably 15 parts. In the present invention, the fat includes one or more of chicken oil, coconut oil, and fish oil, more preferably chicken oil, coconut oil, and fish oil. As an optional embodiment, the chicken oil includes 4 to 7 parts, more preferably 5.5 parts; the chicken oil can provide the essential fatty acids needed by pets, help pets supply energy, and is easy for pets to digest and absorb. The coconut oil described in the present invention includes 3 to 7 parts, or 5 parts; the coconut oil is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, can quickly provide energy for pets, support pets' daily activities, and promote the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. The fish oil described in the present invention includes 3 to 6 parts, or 4.5 parts; the fish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which helps improve pets' skin health, reduce inflammatory responses, and has a positive effect on pets' cardiovascular system and brain development.

[0032] Based on the weight of animal protein, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 6.5 to 8.5 parts of plant fiber, or 7.5 to 8.3 parts, and more preferably 8 parts. As an optional embodiment, the plant fiber of the present invention includes beet pulp and / or carrot. The plant fiber of the present invention includes 5 to 6 parts of beet pulp, or 5 parts. Beet pulp can serve as a soluble dietary fiber to promote intestinal peristalsis, maintain the balance of intestinal flora, and improve the digestive function of pets; the plant fiber includes 1.5 to 2.5 parts of carrots, or 2.5 parts. Carrots provide provitamin A (β-carotene) and insoluble fiber for the growth of pets, support healthy vision and maintain intestinal morphology.

[0033] Based on the weight of animal protein, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 3.5 to 4.5 parts of minerals, more preferably 4 parts. As an optional embodiment, the minerals of the present invention include 2 to 2.5 parts of calcium carbonate, or 2 parts. Calcium carbonate can serve as the main source of calcium to support the development of pet bones and teeth and maintain neuromuscular function; the minerals include 1 to 1.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, or 1.5 parts. Calcium hydrogen phosphate provides calcium and phosphorus for pet growth, promotes bone mineralization, and maintains electrolyte balance in the body. The minerals include 0.5 parts of sodium chloride, which supplements pet growth, maintains electrolyte balance in the body, regulates body fluid osmotic pressure, and improves palatability.

[0034] Based on the weight of animal protein, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention includes 1 to 3 parts of a vitamin premix, or 1.5 to 2.5 parts, more preferably 2 parts. The vitamin premix of the present invention contains multiple vitamins (such as vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, dl-a-tocopheryl acetate, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, D-biotin, D-calcium pantothenate, folic acid, niacin, etc.), which meet the daily vitamin needs of pets and support the body's immune system and antioxidant capacity.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention may also include 2-5 parts, 3-4 parts, and more preferably 3.5 parts, of other supplementary ingredients, based on the weight of animal protein. As an optional embodiment, the supplementary ingredients include one or more of lecithin, fish oil, antioxidants, and flavorings, more preferably lecithin, fish oil, antioxidants, and flavorings. As an optional embodiment, the lecithin is included in an amount of 0.5-1.5 parts, more preferably 1 part. Lecithin serves as an emulsifier and nutritional supplement for pet growth, promoting fat digestion and absorption and supporting brain and nervous system development. As an optional embodiment, the fish oil is included in an amount of 1-2 parts, more preferably 1.5 parts. Fish oil is described in the same section on fats for pet growth, supplementing to improve skin health and reduce inflammatory responses. As an optional embodiment, the antioxidant is included in an amount of 0.03-0.1 parts, more preferably 0.05 parts. Antioxidants inhibit the oxidation of fats and vitamins in feed, extend shelf life, and protect pet cells from oxidative damage. The antioxidant is vitamin E acetate. As an optional embodiment, the flavoring agent includes 0.5 to 1 parts, more preferably 0.95 parts, and the flavoring agent improves the taste and smell of pet food for pet growth, increases the pet's enthusiasm for eating, and enhances palatability. The flavoring agent is chicken liver powder. The present invention has no special restrictions on the preparation method of the chicken liver powder, and a conventional method can be used. As an optional embodiment, the preparation steps of the chicken liver powder of the present invention are as follows: fresh chicken liver is pretreated, steamed, crushed and dried, and then sieved to obtain chicken liver powder. The pretreatment method of the present invention includes: removing the fascia from the fresh chicken liver, washing and cutting into thin slices (thickness ≤ 5mm). The steaming temperature of the present invention is 9 to 102°C, more preferably 100°C; the steaming time of the present invention is 15 to 20 minutes until cooked through. After cooling after steaming, crushing is performed, and the crushing is performed to a particle size of ≤ 2mm. The drying method of the present invention includes vacuum drying; the vacuum drying temperature is 60-70°C, the vacuum degree is ≤-0.08 MPa, the vacuum drying time is 8-12 hours, and the vacuum drying is performed until the moisture content is ≤8%. The sieving method of the present invention is 80-100 mesh, and the sieve is removed. The chicken liver powder of the present invention contains natural meat flavor, vitamin A, iron, and zinc, enhances palatability, and supplements nutrients.

[0036] The healthy growth and normal physiological activities of pets depend on a proper nutritional supply. The nano-selenium-containing pet food composition provided by the present invention improves selenium utilization in pets by adjusting the ratio of various raw materials and adding nano-selenium. When nano-selenium is added at a level of 0.015% to 0.025%, bioavailability is improved compared to traditional organic selenium, liver and kidney accumulation is reduced, and the oxidative damage marker (MDA) is lowered, significantly outperforming traditional selenium sources. This invention provides an efficient and safe selenium-fortified solution for high-end pet foods.

[0037] The nano-selenium-containing pet food composition of the present invention adopts a rational combination of multiple high-quality proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and other beneficial ingredients, and is nutritionally balanced to meet the nutritional needs of dogs and cats in different growth stages (infancy, adulthood, and old age) and different physiological states (such as pregnancy, lactation, disease recovery, etc.), supporting the healthy growth of pets, maintaining good body functions and repairing damaged tissues.

[0038] The present invention provides a method for preparing the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition described in the above technical solution, comprising:

[0039] Premixing the animal protein, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals and vitamin premix to obtain a premix;

[0040] Mixing the premix and the nano-coated selenium-rich component to obtain a mixture;

[0041] mixing the mixed material with water and grinding to obtain a primary product;

[0042] The primary product is dried to obtain a pet food composition.

[0043] The present invention premixes the animal protein, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals and vitamin premix to obtain a premix. As an optional embodiment, the present invention pretreats the animal protein, carbohydrate and plant fiber before premixing.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, the chicken breast in the animal protein of the present invention is pre-processed by thawing the chicken breast, removing the fascia, and mincing. The salmon meal and egg powder in the animal protein are pre-processed by sieving through a 60-mesh sieve to remove impurities. As an optional embodiment, the carbohydrate is pre-processed by uniformly mixing the corn flour, potato starch, and tapioca flour and sieving through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, the pretreatment method of the plant fiber includes: crushing the beet pulp and carrots, passing them through a 60-mesh sieve, and premixing them with the carbohydrates.

[0046] As an optional embodiment, the present invention premixes the pretreated animal protein, carbohydrate and plant fiber premix, and the mineral and vitamin premix to obtain a premix. The present invention does not particularly limit the parameters of the premix, and conventional methods can be used to ensure uniform mixing.

[0047] A premix is obtained, and the present invention mixes the premix with the nano-coated selenium-rich component to obtain a mixture. As an optional embodiment, the present invention does not specifically limit the parameters of the mixing, and conventional methods can be used to ensure uniform mixing. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mixing method includes low-speed stirring, the low-speed stirring speed is 190 to 210 rpm, more preferably 200 rpm, and the time is 9 to 11 minutes, more preferably 10 minutes.

[0048] A mixture is obtained, and the mixture is mixed with water and ground to obtain a primary product. As an optional embodiment, after the mixture is mixed with water, the water content of the mixture is 60% to 65%. As an optional embodiment, the particle size of the primary product after grinding is ≤50 μm.

[0049] A primary product is obtained, and the present invention dries the primary product to obtain a pet food composition. As an optional embodiment, the drying includes vacuum freeze drying. As an optional embodiment, the vacuum freeze drying of the present invention includes pre-freeze drying, sublimation drying, and desorption drying; the pre-freeze drying temperature is -45 to -35°C, more preferably -40°C; the pre-freeze drying vacuum is ≤50 Pa, and may be 30 Pa; the pre-freeze drying time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours, more preferably 2 hours. The sublimation drying temperature of the present invention is -15 to -25°C, and may be -20°C; the sublimation drying vacuum is ≤50 Pa, and may be 30 Pa; the sublimation drying time is 5 to 7 hours, and may be 6 hours. The desorption drying temperature of the present invention is 20 to 30°C, and may be 23 to 28°C, more preferably 25°C; the desorption drying vacuum is ≤50 Pa, and may be 30 Pa; the desorption drying time is 10 to 14 hours, and may be 12 hours.

[0050] The drying method described in this invention removes most of the moisture from the product, reducing the likelihood of microbial growth and enzymatic reactions, extending the product's shelf life without the need for preservatives. It also maximizes the preservation of the raw material's nutrients while ensuring the product's excellent texture and storage stability. It also avoids the destruction of nutrients caused by overdrying or excessive temperatures, particularly ensuring that the activity of transfer factors is not affected. Furthermore, the freeze-dried product is lightweight and compact, making it easy to carry and store, making it a suitable nutritional food for pet owners to provide to dogs and cats during travel and outdoor activities.

[0051] The preparation method of the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition of the present invention adds various components through reasonable procedures and methods, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the pet food product.

[0052] The nano-selenium-containing pet food composition prepared by the present invention has the following advantages: first, it can help pets enhance their immune defense and resist the invasion of common diseases; second, it can efficiently regulate the body's immune function and enhance the pet's disease resistance; third, it adds color to the pet's health, strengthens the antioxidant effect, and maintains the body in good condition; fourth, it carefully formulates a more appropriate fat ratio to ensure sufficient energy supply, which meets the nutritional and health needs of pets.

[0053] The present invention provides the use of the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition described in the above technical solution or the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the preparation of at least one of the following 1) to 4).

[0054] 1) Complete cat food;

[0055] 2) Complete dog food;

[0056] 3) Pet snacks;

[0057] 4) Nutritional supplements.

[0058] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] 1. The pet food formulas for each group are as follows:

[0061] After mixing the groups of animal protein sources, carbohydrates, fats, plant fibers, minerals, vitamin premixes, and other auxiliary materials, a mixture is obtained. Based on the mass of the mixture as 100%, the mass ratio of the animal protein source to the mass ratio of the mixture is 50%, the mass ratio of the carbohydrates to the mass ratio of the mixture is 17.5%, the mass ratio of the fat to the mass ratio of the mixture is 15%, the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the mass ratio of the mixture is 8%, the mass ratio of the minerals to the mass ratio of the mixture is 4%, the mass ratio of the vitamin premix to the mass ratio of the mixture is 2%, and the mass ratio of the other auxiliary materials to the mass ratio of the mixture is 3.5%. The details are as follows:

[0062] (1) The pet food composition of Group C (blank control) is:

[0063] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%; Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5% and tapioca flour 1%; Fat (%): chicken oil 5.5%, coconut oil 5% and fish oil 4.5%; Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5% and carrot 3%; Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%; Vitamin premix 2%; Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0064] (2) The pet food composition of Group D (traditional organic selenium control) was:

[0065] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%;

[0066] Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5% and tapioca flour 1%;

[0067] Fat (%): chicken fat 5.5%, coconut oil 5% and fish oil 4.5%;

[0068] Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5%, carrot 3%;

[0069] Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%;

[0070] Vitamin premix (2%);

[0071] Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0072] After animal protein source, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials are mixed, a mixture is obtained, and ordinary unencapsulated selenomethionine is added to the mixture, and the mass proportion of ordinary unencapsulated selenomethionine in the mixture is 0.015%.

[0073] (3) The pet food composition of Se1 (nanoselenium experimental group) is as follows:

[0074] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%;

[0075] Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5%, tapioca flour 1%;

[0076] Fat (%): Chicken fat: 5.5%, Coconut oil 5% and Fish oil: 4.5%;

[0077] Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5% and carrot 3%;

[0078] Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%;

[0079] Vitamin Premix 2%:

[0080] Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0081] Animal protein source, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials are mixed to obtain a mixture, and nano-coated selenomethionine is added to the mixture, and the mass proportion of the nano-coated selenomethionine in the mixture is 0.01%.

[0082] (4) The pet food composition of Se2 (nanoselenium experimental group) is as follows:

[0083] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%;

[0084] Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5% and tapioca flour 1%;

[0085] Fat (%): chicken fat 5.5%, coconut oil 5% and fish oil 4.5%;

[0086] Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5% and carrot 3%;

[0087] Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%;

[0088] Vitamin premix 2%;

[0089] Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0090] Animal protein source, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials are mixed to obtain a mixture, and nano-coated selenomethionine is added to the mixture, and the mass proportion of the nano-coated selenomethionine in the mixture is 0.015%.

[0091] (5) The pet food composition of Se3 (nanoselenium experimental group) is:

[0092] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%;

[0093] Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5% and tapioca flour 1%;

[0094] Fat (%): chicken fat 5.5%, coconut oil 5% and fish oil 4.5%;

[0095] Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5% and carrot 3%;

[0096] Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%;

[0097] Vitamin Premix 2%:

[0098] Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0099] After animal protein source, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials are mixed, a mixture is obtained, and nano-coated selenomethionine is added to the mixture, and the mass proportion of nano-coated selenomethionine in the mixture is 0.02%.

[0100] (6) The pet food composition of Se4 (nanoselenium experimental group) is as follows:

[0101] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%;

[0102] Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5% and tapioca flour 1%;

[0103] Fat (%): chicken fat 5.5%, coconut oil 5% and fish oil 4.5%;

[0104] Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5% and carrot 3%;

[0105] Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%;

[0106] Vitamin premix 2%;

[0107] Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0108] Animal protein source, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials are mixed to obtain a mixture, and nano-coated selenomethionine is added to the mixture, and the mass proportion of the nano-coated selenomethionine in the mixture is 0.025%.

[0109] (7) The pet food composition of Se5 (nanoselenium experimental group) is as follows:

[0110] Nano-coated selenomethionine 0.03%;

[0111] Animal protein source (%): chicken breast 25%, fresh pork 10%, salmon meal 10% and egg powder 5%;

[0112] Carbohydrates (%): corn flour 15%, potato starch 1.5% and tapioca flour 1%;

[0113] Fat 15.45%: chicken fat 5.5%, coconut oil 5% and fish oil 4.5%;

[0114] Plant fiber (%): beet pulp 5% and carrot 3%;

[0115] Minerals (%): calcium carbonate 2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% and sodium chloride 0.5%;

[0116] Vitamin premix 2%;

[0117] Other excipients (%): lecithin 1%, fish oil 1.5%, antioxidant 0.05% and flavoring 0.95%.

[0118] Animal protein source, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials are mixed to obtain a mixture, and nano-coated selenomethionine is added to the mixture, and the mass proportion of the nano-coated selenomethionine in the mixture is 0.03%.

[0119] 2. Raw material pretreatment method

[0120] 1) Animal protein source processing: Chicken breast and fresh pork are minced after removing the fascia to a particle size of ≤2mm; salmon meal and egg powder are each sieved through a 60-mesh sieve to remove impurities.

[0121] 2) Carbohydrate treatment: corn flour, potato starch and tapioca flour were mixed evenly and passed through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0122] 3) Plant fiber processing: beet pulp and carrots were crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and then premixed with carbohydrates.

[0123] 3. Preparation method of nano-coated selenomethionine used in experimental groups Se1-Se5

[0124] 1) Use silica aerogel with a specific surface area of ≥800m 2 / g, heat treated at 800℃ for 2h.

[0125] 2) Selenomethionine (purity ≥ 98%) and heat-treated silica aerogel were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3, and deionized water was added to prepare a suspension with a solid content of 15%.

[0126] 3) The suspension was emulsified in a high-speed emulsifier at a speed of 10,000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsion.

[0127] 4) The emulsion was homogenized at 400 bar for 3 times, with each high-pressure homogenization cycle lasting 30 seconds, to obtain a homogenous solution.

[0128] 5) The homogenized liquid was spray-dried at an air inlet temperature of 130° C. and an air outlet temperature of 80° C. to collect nano-coated selenomethionine powder (particle size <100 nm).

[0129] The nano-encapsulated selenomethionine used in the experimental groups Se1-Se5 was prepared from the same batch.

[0130] 4. Traditional organic selenium control (i.e. Group D) treatment

[0131] Ordinary uncoated selenomethionine (purity ≥ 98%, particle size > 500 nm) is directly weighed and used without the need for a nano-coating step.

[0132] 5. Preparation method of pet food

[0133] 1) The raw materials and mass ratios are shown in 1 in Example 1.

[0134] 2) Preparation steps

[0135] (1) Primary mixing: animal protein source, carbohydrates, plant fiber, minerals, vitamin premix and other auxiliary materials (except selenium source) were put into a twin-shaft paddle mixer and mixed at 200 rpm for 10 min;

[0136] (2) Secondary mixing: Add selenium source (nano-coated selenomethionine or ordinary selenomethionine) and continue mixing for 5 minutes to ensure that the coefficient of variation of uniformity is less than 5% to obtain a mixture.

[0137] (3) Pulping: Add water to the mixed material to adjust the moisture content to 60% to 65%, and homogenize it into a fine paste (particle size ≤ 50 μm) through a colloid mill;

[0138] (4) Plating: Pour the paste evenly into freeze-drying trays (thickness 5-8 mm), vacuum degree ≤ 50 Pa, pre-freeze at -40 °C for 2 h;

[0139] (5) Freeze-drying: vacuum degree ≤ 50 Pa, heating rate 1°C / min, heating to -20°C for 6 h in the first stage; heating to 25°C for 12 h in the second stage, until the moisture content is ≤ 5%;

[0140] (6) Crushing and screening: The freeze-dried blocks are crushed by a crusher, passed through a 10-mesh sieve (granular type) or a 20-mesh sieve (powder type), and packaged and stored in a cool and dry place.

[0141] Steps (1) and (2) are a mixing process, and steps (3) to (6) are a freeze-drying molding process.

[0142] Example 2

[0143] 1. Experimental subjects and groups

[0144] Subjects: 28 healthy adult beagle dogs (half male and half female), aged 12 to 18 months and weighing 10 to 12 kg, were randomly divided into 7 groups: Group C (blank control, 4 dogs, half male and half female), Group D (traditional organic selenium, 4 dogs, half male and half female), and Groups Se1 to Se5 (nanoselenium, 4 dogs each, half male and half female). The feed composition of each group is shown in Example 1.

[0145] Feeding cycle: pre-feeding period of 7 days, formal experimental period of 21 days, daily feeding amount is calculated as 3% of body weight, feed is fed evenly twice, feeding time is 08:00 and 18:00.

[0146] 2. Detection indicators and methods

[0147] Table 1 Detection indicators and methods

[0148] Test items Detection method Instruments / reagents Serum selenomethionine (bioavailability) HPLC-ICP-MS coupling technology Thermo Fisher iCAPQ ICP-MS Selenium accumulation in liver and kidney ICP-MS PerkinElmer NexION350X Serum malondialdehyde (MDA, an indicator of oxidative damage) ELISA Wuhan Huamei Bioengineering Co., Ltd.

[0149] 3. Experimental results and comparative analysis

[0150] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0151] Table 2 Test results

[0152]

[0153] As can be seen from the bioavailability comparison, nano-selenium has a significant advantage. The bioavailability of the Se2 group (0.015% nano-selenium) (88%) increased by 29.4% compared to Group D (conventional selenium, 68%) and by 95.6% compared to Group C (blank). The peak range was stable, with the bioavailability of the Se2 to Se4 groups (0.015% to 0.025%) all ≥88%, significantly higher than that of Groups D and C. Table 2 measures selenium bioavailability by "serum selenomethionine content," with the test results presented as percentages (%) to reflect the efficiency of selenium absorption and utilization in the body.

[0154] Comparison of selenium accumulation in the liver and kidneys: Nano-selenium is safer. The selenium content in the liver and kidneys of Group D was significantly higher than that of the nano-selenium group. The selenium content in the nano-selenium Se2 group was 38.8% (liver) and 42.3% (kidney) lower than that of Group D; the selenium content in the nano-selenium Se3 group was 35.3% (liver) and 38.5% (kidney) lower than that of Group D; the selenium content in the nano-selenium Se4 group was 37.6% (liver) and 41.0% (kidney) lower than that of Group D; the selenium content in the Se5 group was slightly increased, which may be due to slight aggregation caused by excessive nanoparticles, but it was still lower than that of Group D.

[0155] Comparison of antioxidant effects: Nano-selenium significantly reduced oxidative damage. MDA in the Se2 group was reduced by 23.5% compared with group D and by 38.8% compared with group C.

[0156] Taking into account bioavailability (≥88%), hepatic and renal accumulation (<0.6 μg / g liver), and MDA (<5.5 nmol / mL), the optimal addition level of nano-selenium, calculated by weight, was determined to be 0.015% to 0.025% for pet food. Within this range, nano-selenium's absorption efficiency is nearly 30% higher than that of standard organic selenium, the risk of hepatic and renal accumulation is reduced by over 40%, and its antioxidant effect is increased by over 20%.

[0157] The comparison results of different groups are shown in Table 3.

[0158] Table 3 Comparison results of different groups

[0159]

[0160] In summary, the present invention uses nano-coating technology to prepare selenomethionine particles with a particle size of less than 100 nm, which significantly improves the absorption efficiency of selenium and reduces the risk of toxicity. At the same time, by adding a control group (Group D, ordinary uncoated organic selenium), the core advantages of nano-selenium compared to traditional selenium sources are clarified.

[0161] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pet food composition containing nano-selenium, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-0.03 parts of nano-coated selenium-rich component, 32-68 parts of animal protein, 16.5-19 parts of carbohydrate, 10-20 parts of fat, 6.5-8.5 parts of plant fiber, 3.5-4.5 parts of minerals and 1-3 parts of vitamin premix.

2. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium according to claim 1, characterized in that The nano-encapsulated selenium-rich component includes nano-encapsulated selenomethionine.

3. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium according to claim 2, characterized in that The preparation method of the nano-coated selenomethionine comprises: mixing a nano-carrier and selenomethionine, and then emulsifying and homogenizing to obtain the nano-coated selenomethionine.

4. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium according to claim 3, characterized in that The nanocarrier includes silica aerogel; before the mixing, the silica aerogel is heat-treated; the heat treatment temperature is 790-810° C., and the heat treatment time is 1.9-2.1 hours.

5. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium according to claim 3, characterized in that The emulsification time is 4 to 6 minutes, the rotation speed is 9000 to 11000 rpm; the homogenization times are 2 to 3 times, the homogenization time each time is 28 to 32 seconds, and the homogenization pressure is 390 to 410 bar.

6. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium according to claim 1, characterized in that The nano-selenium-containing pet food composition further comprises 2 to 5 parts of other auxiliary materials; the other auxiliary materials comprise one or more of lecithin, fish oil, antioxidants and flavorings.

7. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium according to claim 1, characterized in that The animal protein includes chicken breast, salmon meal and egg powder; The carbohydrates include 15-16 parts of corn flour, 1-2 parts of potato starch and 0.5-1 part of tapioca flour; The plant fibers include beet pulp and carrots; The minerals include one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate and sodium chloride; and the fats include one or more of chicken oil, coconut oil and fish oil.

8. The method for preparing the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Premixing the animal protein, carbohydrate, fat, plant fiber, minerals and vitamin premix to obtain a premix; Mixing the premix and the nano-coated selenium-rich component to obtain a mixture; mixing the mixed material with water and grinding to obtain a primary product; The primary product is dried to obtain a pet food composition.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that The drying comprises vacuum freeze drying; The vacuum freeze drying includes pre-freeze drying, sublimation drying and desorption drying; the pre-freeze drying temperature is -45 to -35°C, the vacuum degree is ≤50Pa, and the time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours; the sublimation drying temperature is -15 to -25°C, the vacuum degree is ≤50Pa, and the time is 5 to 7 hours; the desorption drying temperature is 20 to 30°C, the vacuum degree is ≤50Pa, and the time is 10 to 14 hours.

10. Use of the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the nano-selenium-containing pet food composition prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 or 9 in the preparation of at least one of the following 1) to 4), 1) Complete cat food; 2) Complete dog food; 3) Pet snacks; 4) Nutritional supplements.

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