A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules and their application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of microcapsule technology, specifically to a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules and their application. The method includes immersing dried bird's nest in distilled water, followed by stewing; sterilizing the stewed bird's nest under high pressure to obtain stewed bird's nest; adding the stewed bird's nest to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest; forming a wall material with the homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin; dissolving the wall material in water to form a wall material solution; adding algal oil as a core material dropwise to the wall material solution to form a mixture; and emulsifying the mixture to form an emulsion. This invention uses the stewed bird's nest as a wall material, utilizing the film-forming properties of bird's nest glycoproteins to encapsulate the core material. Bird's nest is rich in sialic acid derivatives, and algal oil is rich in DHA. The glycoprotein-formed membrane and sialic acid remove hydroxyl groups, protecting DHA from oxidation and degradation. Nitrogen gas is used as the emission gas, combined with freezing energy to protect the protein from deterioration. Freezing reduces micelle elasticity, and the combination of nitrogen acceleration and impact structure enhances the homogenization effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microcapsule technology, specifically to a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules and their application. Background Technology

[0002] With social development and technological advancements, people's demand for nutrition is increasing. Algal oil, as a natural source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has been widely recognized for its significant benefits to human growth and development, brain development, and vision, especially for children in their growth and development stages.

[0003] Currently, microencapsulation technology is widely used to improve the stability and nutritional value of algal oil. Maltodextrin is a commonly used wall material in the microencapsulation process due to its low cost. However, maltodextrin has relatively low nutritional value, and its application in enhancing the nutritional value of products is not ideal. Bird's nest mainly consists of water-soluble glycoproteins (approximately 50%), sialic acid, amino acids, and trace minerals. Glycoproteins possess natural hydrophilicity and a certain degree of viscosity, enabling them to form gels or films, making them a potential candidate for wall material. Furthermore, as a traditional food and medicine source, bird's nest has long been used in food and health products. Using bird's nest-derived wall materials can reduce the potential risks of chemically synthesized materials, making it suitable for encapsulating functional ingredients (such as nutrients and drugs), especially advantageous in high-end foods and health products.

[0004] However, during the homogenization process after stewing, the high viscosity of bird's nest makes it easy to aggregate and form micelles, which gives it elasticity, making homogenization difficult. If homogenization is carried out for a long time, it will lead to overheating and denaturation of bird's nest protein, making it unsuitable for subsequent use as a wall material. Therefore, there is a need for a method and application of bird's nest algal oil microcapsules that can supplement nutrients by using bird's nest as a wall material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules that can supplement nutrients by using bird's nest as a wall material.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules includes:

[0008] Preparation of bird's nest stew: Soak dried bird's nest in distilled water, then stew; after stewing, sterilize under high pressure to obtain bird's nest stew; add bird's nest stew to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest.

[0009] The homogenization assembly includes a homogenizer, a motor, a conveyor, a cooling device, and a gas cylinder. The homogenizer includes a stator, a rotor, and a housing. The side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface. An opening is provided at the center of the stator. A crushing cone is provided on the second working surface. The stator and rotor are arranged in a face-to-face manner within the housing. The housing includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The motor drives the rotor to rotate. The first inlet is located at the center of the housing on the side away from the motor and is aligned with the opening. The conveyor is connected to the first inlet and the gas cylinder. The gas cylinder contains compressed nitrogen. Bird's nest stew is added to the conveyor. The cooling device is activated to form frozen blocks of bird's nest stew in the conveyor. The gas cylinder is opened so that the frozen blocks, under the action of airflow, impact the crushing cone through the opening and undergo homogenization. This process is repeated multiple times until homogenized bird's nest is obtained.

[0010] Preparation of microcapsules: Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a ratio of 1:2-10 to form a wall material. The wall material is dissolved in water to form a wall material solution. An emulsifier is added to the wall material solution while stirring. Algae oil, the core material, is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixture. The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:1-9. The mixture is emulsified to form an emulsion with a solid content of 10-30%. After drying the emulsion, bird's nest algae oil microcapsules are obtained.

[0011] Preferably, the homogenizing component further includes a controller and a sealing liquid tank;

[0012] The sealed liquid tank includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a delivery valve;

[0013] The cooling device includes a third inlet and a third outlet;

[0014] The conveyor, which is connected to the first inlet and the gas cylinder respectively, further includes:

[0015] The conveyor includes a first valve, a second valve, a cooling jacket, and a launching pipe. The launching pipe includes an inflation section, a cooling section, and a launching section. The inflation section and the cooling section are connected through the first valve, and the cooling section and the launching section are connected through the second valve. The cooling jacket is fitted onto the outer periphery of the cooling section. The third inlet and the third outlet are connected to the cooling jacket. The launching section is connected to the first inlet.

[0016] The first outlet is connected to the second inlet; the second outlet is connected to the cooling section via a delivery valve;

[0017] The gas cylinder is equipped with a first gas valve, and the gas cylinder is connected to the filling section through the first gas valve.

[0018] The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer, sealing liquid tank, motor, conveyor, cooling device and gas cylinder;

[0019] The bird's nest stew is added to a conveyor, and the cooling device is activated to form frozen blocks. The gas cylinder is then opened, causing the frozen blocks to impact a crushing cone through an opening under the influence of airflow. This process is repeated multiple times until homogenized bird's nest is obtained. Further steps include:

[0020] Add the stewed bird's nest to the sealed liquid tank, open the delivery valve while closing the first and second valves, and fill the space in the cooling section with the stewed bird's nest. Then close the delivery valve and start the cooling device to cool the cooling jacket, causing the stewed bird's nest in the cooling section to form frozen blocks. After freezing, open the first air valve to inflate the air filling section. After inflating, close the first air valve, then open the second valve, and then open the first valve and the motor. This allows the frozen blocks to impact the crushing cone through the opening under the action of airflow, and then undergo homogenization before returning to the sealed liquid tank for the next freezing, crushing, and homogenization until homogenized bird's nest is obtained.

[0021] Preferably, the first inlet is located at the center of the housing on the side away from the motor;

[0022] The side of the stator facing the rotor is the first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is the second working surface; an opening is provided at the center of the stator; a second annular structure and a fourth annular structure are provided on the first working surface;

[0023] The second working surface is further provided with a first annular structure, a third annular structure, and a fifth annular structure; the crushing cone, the opening, the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure are arranged concentrically, and the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure are arranged from the inside to the outside; there is a gap between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure, that is, there are four gaps from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap, that is, the gap between the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure, is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps gradually increase from the outside to the inside;

[0024] The first ring structure includes multiple triangular pillars arranged in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular pillars facing the breaking cone; the second, third, fourth and fifth ring structures each include multiple rectangular pillars arranged in a circular array.

[0025] Preferably, the sealing liquid tank further includes a vacuum pump and a second air valve, the second air valve being connected to a gas cylinder;

[0026] After adding the bird's nest stew to the sealed liquid tank, use a vacuum pump to remove all the gas from the tank. Once the gas is removed, turn off the vacuum pump and open the second gas valve to fill with nitrogen.

[0027] Preferably, the sealing liquid tank is equipped with a recovery air pump, which is connected to both the sealing liquid tank and the gas cylinder; the sealing liquid tank is also equipped with a pressure sensor, which starts the recovery air pump to reduce the pressure when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the sealing liquid tank is greater than a preset value.

[0028] Preferably, a filter is also provided between the recovery air pump and the sealing liquid tank.

[0029] Preferably, soaking the dried bird's nest in distilled water and then stewing it further includes:

[0030] Soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stew for 20 minutes.

[0031] Preferably, the emulsifier is a sucrose ester or a monoglyceride.

[0032] Preferably, obtaining bird's nest algae oil microcapsules by drying the emulsion further includes:

[0033] The emulsion was poured into a glass petri dish and pre-frozen in a -20°C freezer for 12 hours. Finally, it was placed in a vacuum freeze dryer and the freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0034] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0035] A food or health product, wherein the food or health product uses microcapsules obtained by the above-described method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By using bird's nest stew as a wall material, the film-forming properties of bird's nest glycoproteins can be utilized to encapsulate the core material. At the same time, bird's nest is rich in sialic acid derivatives, and algal oil is rich in DHA. The membrane formed by the glycoproteins, i.e., a physical barrier, and the ability of sialic acid to scavenge hydroxyl free radicals, i.e., chemical antioxidants, can protect DHA from oxidation and degradation. It can also reduce the water content, making it better absorbed and utilized by the human body. Furthermore, algal oil DHA has a fishy smell, while bird's nest itself has a special aroma. When the two are combined, the aroma of bird's nest can mask the fishy smell of algal oil, thus eliminating the need for deodorization treatment of algal oil. This results in a product with higher nutritional value, longer shelf life, and a taste that is more acceptable to consumers. By setting up the homogenizing component, nitrogen can be used as the emission gas to gradually replace the gas in the entire cycle. Under the protection of nitrogen, the entire cycle is not easily deteriorated. Furthermore, freezing forms frozen blocks, which are then accelerated and broken up by nitrogen impact. The frozen blocks protect the protein from deterioration while reducing the elasticity of micelles that are prone to aggregation, or even causing them to lose elasticity under the action of freezing, thereby improving the breaking effect and ensuring the subsequent homogenization effect. Nitrogen acceleration also prevents deterioration. Freezing destroys elasticity and viscosity while also preventing overheating and deterioration. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the wall material ratio and the encapsulation rate in a single-factor experiment of a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the change in solid content and the encapsulation rate in a single-factor experiment of a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the core-to-wall ratio and the encapsulation rate in a single-factor experiment of a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 The response surface plot of the effect of wall material ratio and solid content on microcapsule encapsulation rate in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 Contour plot showing the effect of wall material ratio and solid content on microcapsule encapsulation rate in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, based on response surface analysis.

[0042] Figure 6 The response surface plot of the effect of wall material ratio and core-wall ratio on the microcapsule encapsulation rate in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 Contour plot showing the influence of wall material ratio and core-wall ratio on microcapsule encapsulation rate in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 The response surface plot of the effect of core-to-wall ratio and solid content on microcapsule encapsulation rate in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 Contour plot showing the influence of core-to-wall ratio and solid content on microcapsule encapsulation rate in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 A framework diagram of the homogenizing components used in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the homogenizer used in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 12 A disassembled schematic diagram of a homogenizer used in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the stator of a homogenizer used in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and rotor of a homogenizer used in a method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Label Explanation:

[0052] 1. Homogenizer; 11. Stator; 111. First working surface; 112. Opening; 113. Second annular structure; 114. Fourth annular structure; 12. Rotor; 121. Second working surface; 122. Crushing cone; 123. First annular structure; 124. Third annular structure; 125. Fifth annular structure; 126. Gap; 13. Outer casing; 131. First inlet; 132. First outlet;

[0053] 2. Sealing liquid tank; 21. Second inlet; 22. Second outlet; 23. Delivery valve; 24. Air pump; 25. Second air valve; 26. Recovery air pump; 27. Filter;

[0054] 3. Electric motor;

[0055] 4. Conveyor; 41. First valve; 42. Second valve; 43. Cooling jacket; 44. Launch tube; 441. Inflation section; 442. Cooling section; 443. Launch section;

[0056] 5. Cooling device; 51. Third inlet; 52. Third outlet;

[0057] 6. Gas cylinder; 61. First gas valve. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0059] Please refer to Figures 1 to 14 A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, comprising:

[0060] Preparation of bird's nest stew: Soak dried bird's nest in distilled water, then stew; after stewing, sterilize under high pressure to obtain bird's nest stew; add bird's nest stew to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest.

[0061] Preparation of microcapsules: Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a ratio of 1:2-10 to form a wall material. The wall material is dissolved in water to form a wall material solution. An emulsifier is added to the wall material solution while stirring. Algae oil, the core material, is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixture. The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:1-9. The mixture is emulsified to form an emulsion with a solid content of 10-30%. After drying the emulsion, bird's nest algae oil microcapsules are obtained.

[0062] As described above, by using stewed bird's nest as a wall material, the film-forming properties of bird's nest glycoproteins can be utilized to encapsulate the core material. Meanwhile, bird's nest is rich in sialic acid derivatives, and algal oil is rich in DHA. The glycoprotein-formed membrane (physical barrier) and the sialic acid's ability to scavenge hydroxyl free radicals (chemical antioxidant) protect DHA from oxidation and degradation, while also reducing water content, allowing for better absorption and utilization by the body. Furthermore, algal oil DHA has a fishy odor, while bird's nest itself has a unique aroma. The combination of the two allows the aroma of bird's nest to mask the fishy odor of algal oil, eliminating the need for deodorization of the algal oil. This results in a product with higher nutritional value, a longer shelf life, and a more palatable taste for consumers.

[0063] Furthermore, the homogenization assembly includes a controller, a homogenizer 1, a sealed liquid tank 2, a motor 3, a conveyor 4, a cooling device 5, and a gas cylinder 6. The homogenizer 1 includes a stator 11, a rotor 12, and a housing 13. The side of the stator 11 facing the rotor 12 is a first working surface 111, and the side of the rotor 12 facing the stator 11 is a second working surface 121. An opening 112 is provided at the center of the stator 11. A crushing cone 122 is provided on the second working surface 121. The stator 11 and the rotor 12 are arranged in a face-to-face manner within the housing 13. The housing 13 includes a first inlet 131 and a first outlet 132. The motor 3 drives the rotor 12 to rotate. The first inlet 131 is located at the center of the housing 13 on the side away from the motor 3 and is aligned with the opening 112.

[0064] The sealing liquid tank 2 includes a second inlet 21, a second outlet 22, and a delivery valve 23;

[0065] The cooling device 5 includes a third inlet 51 and a third outlet 52;

[0066] The conveyor 4 includes a first valve 41, a second valve 42, a cooling jacket 43, and a launching pipe 44. The launching pipe 44 includes an inflation section 441, a cooling section 442, and a launching section 443. The inflation section 441 and the cooling section 442 are connected through the first valve 41, and the cooling section 442 and the launching section 443 are connected through the second valve 42. The cooling jacket 43 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the cooling section 442. The third inlet 51 and the third outlet 52 are connected to the cooling jacket 43. The launching section 443 is connected to the first inlet 131.

[0067] The first outlet 132 is connected to the second inlet 21; the second outlet 22 is connected to the cooling section 442 through the delivery valve 23;

[0068] The gas cylinder 6 contains compressed nitrogen gas, and a first gas valve 61 is provided on the gas cylinder 6. The gas cylinder 6 is connected to the filling section 441 through the first gas valve 61.

[0069] The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer 1, the sealing liquid tank 2, the motor 3, the conveyor 4, the cooling device 5, and the gas cylinder 6;

[0070] Adding the stewed bird's nest to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest further includes:

[0071] Add the stewed bird's nest to the sealed liquid tank 2, open the delivery valve 23 while closing the first valve 41 and the second valve 42, fill the space in the cooling section 442 with the stewed bird's nest, then close the delivery valve 23, start the cooling device 5 to cool the cooling jacket 43, thereby causing the stewed bird's nest in the cooling section 442 to form frozen blocks. After freezing, open the first air valve 61 to inflate the air section 441. After inflating, close the first air valve 61, then open the second valve 42, and then open the first valve 41 and the motor 3, so that the frozen blocks, under the action of airflow, pass through the opening 112 and impact the crushing cone 122, and then undergo homogenization treatment before returning to the sealed liquid tank 2 for the next freezing, crushing and homogenization until homogenized bird's nest is obtained.

[0072] As described above, by setting up the homogenizing component, the entire cycle can be protected by nitrogen, making it less prone to deterioration. Furthermore, freezing forms frozen blocks, which are then accelerated and broken up by nitrogen. The frozen blocks protect the protein while reducing the elasticity of micelles that are prone to aggregation, or even causing them to lose elasticity due to freezing, thereby improving the breaking effect and ensuring the subsequent homogenization effect. Nitrogen acceleration also prevents deterioration. Freezing destroys elasticity and viscosity while also preventing overheating and deterioration.

[0073] Furthermore, the first inlet 131 is located at the center of the outer casing 13 on the side away from the motor 3;

[0074] The side of the stator 11 facing the rotor 12 is the first working surface 111, and the side of the rotor 12 facing the stator 11 is the second working surface 121; an opening 112 is provided at the center of the stator 11; a second annular structure 113 and a fourth annular structure 114 are provided on the first working surface 111.

[0075] The second working surface 121 is further provided with a first annular structure 123, a third annular structure 124, and a fifth annular structure 125; the crushing cone 122, the opening 112, the first annular structure 123, the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114, and the fifth annular structure 125 are concentrically arranged, and the first annular structure 123, the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114, and the fifth annular structure 125 are arranged from... The structures are arranged from the inside out; each of the first annular structure 123, the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114, and the fifth annular structure 125 has a gap 126 between adjacent structures, that is, there are four gaps 126 from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap 126, that is, the gap 126 between the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125, is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps 126 gradually increase from the outside to the inside.

[0076] The first annular structure 123 includes a plurality of triangular pillars arranged in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular bodies facing the breaking cone 122; the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125 each include a plurality of rectangular pillars arranged in a circular array.

[0077] As can be seen from the above description, the first annular structure 123 includes multiple triangular pillars arranged in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular bodies facing the crushing cone 122. After the crushing cone 122 performs the first crushing, the first annular structure 123 achieves the second cutting, so that the elastic structure that has not been crushed or has been crushed can be cut open. This reduces the difficulty of homogenization between the subsequent second annular structure 113, third annular structure 124, fourth annular structure 114 and fifth annular structure 125, reduces the heat generated by friction, and ensures the homogenization effect.

[0078] Furthermore, the sealing liquid tank 2 also includes a vacuum pump 24 and a second air valve 25, the second air valve 25 being connected to the gas cylinder 6;

[0079] After the bird's nest stew is added to the sealed liquid tank 2, the gas in the sealed liquid tank 2 is evacuated by the air pump 24. After the gas is evacuated, the air pump 24 is turned off and the second gas valve 25 is opened to fill the tank with nitrogen.

[0080] As can be seen from the above description, by evacuating the air and then filling it with nitrogen, it is possible to ensure that the gas in the entire cycle is mainly nitrogen, thus achieving protection.

[0081] Furthermore, a recovery air pump 26 is provided on the sealing liquid tank 2, and the recovery air pump 26 is connected to the sealing liquid tank 2 and the gas cylinder 6 respectively; a pressure sensor is also provided in the sealing liquid tank 2. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the sealing liquid tank 2 is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump 26 is started to reduce the pressure.

[0082] As can be seen from the above description, the nitrogen gas can be recovered and reused by the gas recovery pump 26, while balancing the internal pressure of the entire set of components to avoid excessive internal pressure leading to the failure of the frozen block due to impact.

[0083] Furthermore, a filter 27 is also provided between the recovery air pump 26 and the sealing liquid tank 2.

[0084] As can be seen from the above description, the filter 27 can prevent impurities from entering the gas cylinder 6 and causing pollution.

[0085] Furthermore, the dried bird's nest is soaked in distilled water, and then stewed. This process further includes:

[0086] Soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stew for 20 minutes.

[0087] Furthermore, the emulsifier is a sucrose ester and a monoglyceride.

[0088] Furthermore, the process of drying the emulsion to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules further includes:

[0089] The emulsion was poured into a glass petri dish and pre-frozen in a -20°C freezer for 12 hours. Finally, it was placed in a vacuum freeze dryer and the freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0090] A food or health product, wherein the food or health product uses microcapsules obtained by the above-described method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0091] The experimental materials used in all the following embodiments were sourced from:

[0092] Dried bird's nest (provided by Xiamen Yanzhiwu Siyong Food Co., Ltd.);

[0093] Algal oil (Xi'an Hengji Chemical Co., Ltd.);

[0094] Maltodextrin (Shandong Xiwang Sugar Industry Co., Ltd., food grade);

[0095] Monoglycerides (Jialis Additives (Hai'an) Co., Ltd., food grade);

[0096] Sucrose esters (Hangzhou Ruilin Chemical Co., Ltd., food grade).

[0097] I. Single-factor experiment

[0098] The parameters are set as follows:

[0099] 1. Wall material ratio: 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10; (Other conditions are exactly the same, solid content is set at 25%, core-to-wall ratio is 1:5) Results refer to Figure 1 ;

[0100] 2. Solid content: 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%; (Other conditions are exactly the same, wall material ratio is 1:8, core-to-wall ratio is 1:5) Results refer to Figure 2 ;

[0101] 3. Core-to-wall ratio: 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9. (Other conditions are exactly the same, wall material ratio 1:8, solids content set at 25%). Results are referenced. Figure 3 .

[0102] II. Response Surface Experiment

[0103] Response surface methodology experiments were conducted based on experimental schemes designed according to the Box-Behnken model. The experimental schemes are Examples 1 to 17.

[0104] Example 1

[0105] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules includes:

[0106] Preparation of bird's nest stew: Soak 9g of dried bird's nest in 180g of distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and stew for 20 minutes after soaking; after stewing, sterilize under high pressure to obtain bird's nest stew, and add bird's nest stew to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest;

[0107] Preparation of microcapsules: Homogeneous bird's nest (by weight of dried bird's nest) and maltodextrin were mixed in a 1:6 ratio to form a wall material. The wall material was dissolved in water to form a wall material solution. An emulsifier, consisting of monoglyceride (0.35714 g) and sucrose ester (0.62486 g), was added to the wall material solution dropwise to form a mixture. The ratio of core material to wall material was 1:7. The mixture was emulsified to form an emulsion with a solid content of 25%. The emulsion was poured into a glass petri dish and pre-frozen at -20°C for 12 hours. Finally, the mixture was placed in a vacuum freeze dryer, and the freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algal oil microcapsules.

[0108] Among them, reference Figures 10 to 14 The homogenization assembly includes a controller, a homogenizer, a sealed liquid tank, a motor, a conveyor, a cooling device, and a gas cylinder. The homogenizer includes a stator, a rotor, and a housing. The side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface. An opening is provided at the center of the stator. A crushing cone is provided on the second working surface. The stator and rotor are arranged in a face-to-face fit within the housing. The housing includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The motor drives the rotor to rotate. The first inlet is located at the center of the housing on the side away from the motor and is aligned with the opening.

[0109] The sealed liquid tank includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a delivery valve;

[0110] The cooling device includes a third inlet and a third outlet;

[0111] The conveyor includes a first valve, a second valve, a cooling jacket, and a launching pipe. The launching pipe includes an inflation section, a cooling section, and a launching section. The inflation section and the cooling section are connected through the first valve, and the cooling section and the launching section are connected through the second valve. The cooling jacket is fitted onto the outer periphery of the cooling section. The third inlet and the third outlet are connected to the cooling jacket. The launching section is connected to the first inlet.

[0112] The first outlet is connected to the second inlet; the second outlet is connected to the cooling section via a delivery valve;

[0113] The gas cylinder contains compressed nitrogen, and a first gas valve is provided on the gas cylinder, which is connected to the filling section through the first gas valve;

[0114] The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer, sealing liquid tank, motor, conveyor, cooling device and gas cylinder;

[0115] Adding the stewed bird's nest to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest further includes:

[0116] Add the stewed bird's nest to the sealed liquid tank, open the delivery valve while closing the first and second valves, and fill the space in the cooling section with the stewed bird's nest. Then close the delivery valve and start the cooling device to cool the cooling jacket, causing the stewed bird's nest in the cooling section to form frozen blocks. After freezing, open the first air valve to inflate the air filling section. After inflating, close the first air valve, then open the second valve, and then open the first valve and the motor. This allows the frozen blocks to impact the crushing cone through the opening under the action of airflow, and then undergo homogenization before returning to the sealed liquid tank for the next freezing, crushing, and homogenization until homogenized bird's nest is obtained.

[0117] The first inlet is located at the center of the outer casing on the side away from the motor;

[0118] The side of the stator facing the rotor is the first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is the second working surface; an opening is provided at the center of the stator; a second annular structure and a fourth annular structure are provided on the first working surface;

[0119] The second working surface is further provided with a first annular structure, a third annular structure, and a fifth annular structure; the crushing cone, the opening, the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure are arranged concentrically, and the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure are arranged from the inside to the outside; there is a gap between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure, that is, there are four gaps from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap, that is, the gap between the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure, is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps gradually increase from the outside to the inside;

[0120] The first ring structure includes multiple triangular pillars arranged in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular pillars facing the breaking cone; the second, third, fourth and fifth ring structures each include multiple rectangular pillars arranged in a circular array.

[0121] The sealing liquid tank also includes a vacuum pump and a second air valve, the second air valve being connected to a gas cylinder;

[0122] After adding the bird's nest stew to the sealed liquid tank, use a vacuum pump to remove all the gas from the tank. Once the gas is removed, turn off the vacuum pump and open the second gas valve to fill with nitrogen.

[0123] The sealing liquid tank is equipped with a recovery air pump, which is connected to both the sealing liquid tank and the gas cylinder. The sealing liquid tank is also equipped with a pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the sealing liquid tank is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump is activated to reduce the pressure.

[0124] A filter is also installed between the recovery air pump and the sealing liquid tank.

[0125] Example 2

[0126] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0127] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0128] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:7;

[0129] The emulsion has a solids content of 20%.

[0130] Example 3 (parallel data with the same parameters as Example 17, i.e., parallel data under the same conditions)

[0131] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0132] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0133] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5;

[0134] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%.

[0135] Example 4

[0136] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0137] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:6 ratio to form the wall material;

[0138] The emulsion has a solids content of 30%;

[0139] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0140] Example 5

[0141] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0142] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0143] The emulsion has a solids content of 30%;

[0144] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0145] Example 6

[0146] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0147] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0148] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0149] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0150] Example 7

[0151] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0152] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0153] The emulsion has a solids content of 30%;

[0154] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:7.

[0155] Example 8

[0156] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0157] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:10 ratio to form the wall material;

[0158] The emulsion has a solids content of 30%;

[0159] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0160] Example 9

[0161] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0162] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:10 ratio to form the wall material;

[0163] The emulsion has a solids content of 20%;

[0164] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0165] Example 10

[0166] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0167] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:6 ratio to form the wall material;

[0168] The emulsion has a solids content of 20%;

[0169] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0170] Example 11

[0171] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0172] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:10 ratio to form the wall material;

[0173] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0174] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:7.

[0175] Example 12 (parallel data with the same parameters as Example 13, i.e., under the same conditions)

[0176] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0177] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0178] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0179] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0180] Example 13

[0181] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0182] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0183] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0184] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0185] Example 14

[0186] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0187] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:10 ratio to form the wall material;

[0188] The emulsion has a solids content of 20%;

[0189] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0190] Example 15

[0191] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0192] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:6 ratio to form the wall material;

[0193] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0194] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0195] Example 16

[0196] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0197] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:10 ratio to form the wall material;

[0198] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0199] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0200] Example 17

[0201] A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, the similarities of which are found in Example 1 will not be repeated here, wherein,

[0202] Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a 1:8 ratio to form the wall material;

[0203] The emulsion has a solids content of 25%;

[0204] The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0205] 1. Regression Equation Analysis

[0206] The experimental design based on the Box-Behnken model (Examples 1 to 17) and the results are shown in the table below.

[0207]

[0208] Response surface ternary quadratic regression equation model: Encapsulation rate (%) = 98.08 + 0.89A + 0.5725B + 0.41C + 0.9025AB + 0.4675AC + 0.1175BC - 2.11 -2.17 -2.77

[0209] The statistical analysis of the regression model and the results of the significance test of the regression equation coefficients are shown in the table below.

[0210]

[0211] in:

[0212] P-value

[0213] Definition: The p-value is the probability, in hypothesis testing, of the current sample outcome or a more extreme outcome occurring when the null hypothesis is true. In response surface methodology, it is used to measure whether the effect of a factor or the interaction between factors on the response variable is significant.

[0214] Judgment criteria

[0215] A p-value ≤ 0.05 indicates that the factor or interaction has a significant effect on the response variable. The null hypothesis is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, indicating that the factor or interaction has a significant effect on the response variable.

[0216] A p-value > 0.05 indicates that the factor or interaction has no significant effect on the response variable, and the null hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the factor or interaction has no significant effect on the response variable.

[0217] F-value

[0218] Definition: The F-value is a statistic used to test the explanatory power of the model as a whole or individual factors on the response variable. It is the ratio of the regression sum of squares to the residual sum of squares, reflecting the degree to which the explanatory variables in the model explain the dependent variable and the relative magnitude of the random error.

[0219] Judgment criteria

[0220] The larger the F-value, the stronger the explanatory power of the model or a certain factor on the response variable, indicating a more significant linear relationship between the factor and the response variable.

[0221] The smaller the F-value, the weaker the explanatory power of the model or a certain factor on the response variable, and the less significant the linear relationship between the factor and the response variable.

[0222] The model has a p-value of <0.01, indicating that the model is highly significant.

[0223] The lack-of-fit term P=0.4804>0.05, indicating no significant difference, which means that the model has good fit, small experimental error, and relatively good stability, and can play a predictive role in the experimental results.

[0224] The coefficient of determination of the model =0.9717 > 0.8, indicating that the model can predict and analyze the actual situation well, and the coefficient of determination needs to be adjusted. =0.9353, indicating that the relationship between the three factors and the response value can be well reflected by the model.

[0225] In summary, the embedding rate is affected by three factors in the following order: A > B > C, namely, wall material ratio > solid content > core-wall ratio.

[0226] 2. Response surface analysis, please refer to... Figures 4 to 9 .

[0227] 3. Response surface verification experiment

[0228] Software analysis revealed the optimal encapsulation conditions for bird's nest stewed food-algae oil microcapsules: a wall material ratio of 1:8.52, a core-to-wall ratio of 1:5.19, a solid content of 25.94%, and a predicted microcapsule encapsulation rate of 98.26%.

[0229] The adjusted process conditions for the proposed verification experiment are: wall material ratio of 1:8, core-to-wall ratio of 1:5, and solid content of 26%.

[0230] Example 18

[0231] A food or health product, wherein the food or health product uses microcapsules obtained by the method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules as described in any one of Examples 1 to 17.

[0232] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules, characterized in that, include: Preparation of bird's nest stew: Soak dried bird's nest in distilled water, and then stew it. After stewing, the bird's nest is sterilized under high pressure to obtain stewed bird's nest. The stewed bird's nest is then added to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest. The homogenization assembly includes a homogenizer, a motor, a conveyor, a cooling device, a gas cylinder, a controller, and a sealing liquid tank. The homogenizer includes a stator, a rotor, and a housing. The side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface. An opening is provided at the center of the stator. A crushing cone is provided on the second working surface. The stator and rotor are arranged in a face-to-face fit within the housing. The housing includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The motor drives the rotor to rotate. The sealing liquid tank includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a conveying valve. The cooling device includes a third inlet and a third outlet. The first inlet is located at the center of the outer casing on the side away from the motor and aligned with the opening; the conveyor includes a first valve, a second valve, a cooling jacket, and a launching tube, the launching tube including an inflation section, a cooling section, and a launching section, the inflation section and the cooling section being connected through the first valve, and the cooling section and the launching section being connected through the second valve; the cooling jacket is fitted onto the outer periphery of the cooling section; the third inlet and the third outlet are connected to the cooling jacket; the launching section is connected to the first inlet; The first outlet is connected to the second inlet; the second outlet is connected to the cooling section via a delivery valve; The gas cylinder is equipped with a first gas valve, and the gas cylinder is connected to the filling section through the first gas valve. The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer, sealing liquid tank, motor, conveyor, cooling device and gas cylinder; The gas cylinder contains compressed nitrogen. The bird's nest stew is added to the sealed liquid tank. The delivery valve is opened while the first and second valves are closed. After the bird's nest stew fills the space in the cooling section, the delivery valve is closed. The cooling device is started to cool the cooling jacket, which causes the bird's nest stew in the cooling section to form frozen blocks. After freezing, the first gas valve is opened to inflate the gas filling section. After inflating, the first gas valve is closed and the second valve is opened. Then the first valve and the motor are opened, so that the frozen blocks are impacted by the crushing cone through the opening under the action of the airflow. After homogenization, they are returned to the sealed liquid tank for the next freezing, crushing and homogenization until homogenized bird's nest is obtained. Preparation of microcapsules: Homogeneous bird's nest and maltodextrin are mixed in a ratio of 1:2-10 to form a wall material. The wall material is dissolved in water to form a wall material solution. An emulsifier is added to the wall material solution while stirring. Algae oil, the core material, is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixture. The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:1-9. The mixture is emulsified to form an emulsion with a solid content of 10-30%. After drying the emulsion, bird's nest algae oil microcapsules are obtained.

2. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first inlet is located at the center of the outer casing on the side away from the motor; The first working surface is provided with a second annular structure and a fourth annular structure; The second working surface is further provided with a first annular structure, a third annular structure, and a fifth annular structure; the crushing cone, the opening, the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure are arranged concentrically, and the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure are arranged from the inside to the outside; there is a gap between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure, and the fifth annular structure, that is, there are four gaps from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap, that is, the gap between the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure, is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps gradually increase from the outside to the inside; The first ring structure includes multiple triangular pillars arranged in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular pillars facing the breaking cone; the second, third, fourth and fifth ring structures each include multiple rectangular pillars arranged in a circular array.

3. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing liquid tank also includes a vacuum pump and a second air valve, the second air valve being connected to a gas cylinder; After adding the bird's nest stew to the sealed liquid tank, use a vacuum pump to remove all the gas from the tank. Once the gas is removed, turn off the vacuum pump and open the second gas valve to fill with nitrogen.

4. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing liquid tank is equipped with a recovery air pump, which is connected to both the sealing liquid tank and the gas cylinder. The sealing liquid tank is also equipped with a pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure inside the sealing liquid tank is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump is activated to reduce the pressure.

5. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 4, characterized in that, A filter is also installed between the recovery air pump and the sealing liquid tank.

6. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dried bird's nest is soaked in distilled water, and then stewed. Further steps include: Soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stew for 20 minutes.

7. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsifiers are sucrose esters and monoglycerides.

8. The method for preparing bird's nest algal oil microcapsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bird's nest algae oil microcapsules obtained by drying the emulsion further include: The emulsion was poured into a glass petri dish and pre-frozen in a -20°C freezer for 12 hours. Finally, it was placed in a vacuum freeze dryer and the freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

9. A food or health product, characterized in that, The food or health product uses microcapsules obtained by the method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to any one of claims 1-8.

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