Ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of actively removing dust and dust removing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panels, and discloses an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of actively removing dust and a dust removal method thereof, and the system comprises an ultrasonic frequency control system and an ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel; the ultrasonic frequency control system comprises an ultrasonic waveform controller and an ultrasonic generator which are connected in sequence; the ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel comprises a photovoltaic panel body, a protective layer and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers arranged in an array, wherein the photovoltaic panel body and the protective layer are arranged in a stacked mode. The ultrasonic waveform controller is used for generating a specific programming waveform signal, converting the specific programming waveform signal into a driving electric signal through the ultrasonic generator and transmitting the electric signal to the ultrasonic transducer. Dust removal is achieved in an ultrasonic vibration mode, physical abrasion of a mechanical scrubbing mode to the surface of photovoltaic glass and an anti-reflection coating is avoided, the service life of an assembly is effectively prolonged, and the problem that in the prior art, power attenuation of a photovoltaic panel is aggravated due to mechanical friction is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panels, and in particular to an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of actively removing dust and a dust removal method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the long-term operation of photovoltaic panels outdoors, dust accumulation on the surface will cause a significant decrease in light transmittance. Experimental data shows that when the dust coverage density reaches 20 g / m 2 When the wind blows, the output power of photovoltaic modules decreases by more than 18%. In areas prone to sandstorms, dust accumulation can reduce power generation efficiency by an average of 12%-15% per year. Dust particles not only physically block the amount of incident light, but also the pollutants attached to their surfaces chemically adsorb to the photovoltaic panel glass, forming stubborn stains that are difficult to remove. This problem is particularly prominent in areas with drought, low rainfall, and high dust concentrations, becoming a major factor restricting the economic viability of photovoltaic power plants.

[0003] Current mainstream cleaning technologies rely heavily on direct physical intervention, which presents multiple application bottlenecks. Mechanical scrubbing devices can easily cause friction scratches on the surface of photovoltaic panels during operation, accelerating the wear of the glass anti-reflective coating. Actual measurements show that after six months of continuous use, the power attenuation rate of the panels increases by 3.5% compared to the uncleaned group. While high-pressure water jet flushing can improve cleaning efficiency, the water consumption per cleaning session is as high as 2-4 L / m. 2 Scaled application is difficult in water-scarce areas, and residual water stains can cause hot spot effects. Manual cleaning is not only labor-intensive (accounting for approximately 30% of total power plant operation and maintenance costs), but also poses safety risks when working at height. Furthermore, while automated cleaning robots can reduce labor requirements, their drive system consumes 8%-12% of the photovoltaic panels' daily power generation, and they lack adaptability to complex terrain, resulting in a failure rate as high as 25% in tilted or flexible photovoltaic installations. These shortcomings collectively make it difficult for existing cleaning technologies to achieve efficient, low-loss, and sustainable dust control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system and a dust removal method that can actively remove dust, thereby solving the problems of low dust removal efficiency, dependence on external conditions, and high maintenance costs of existing photovoltaic panels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal, comprising: Ultrasonic frequency control systems and ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panels; The ultrasonic frequency control system comprises an ultrasonic waveform controller and an ultrasonic generator connected in sequence; The ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel comprises a stacked photovoltaic panel, a protective layer, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers arranged in an array; The ultrasonic waveform controller generates a specifically programmed waveform signal, converts it into an electrical drive signal via an ultrasonic generator, and transmits the signal to the ultrasonic transducer. An ultrasonic transducer is an energy conversion device that converts input electrical power into mechanical power (i.e., ultrasonic waves) and transmits it, while consuming very little power itself.

[0006] Preferably, the ultrasonic transducers are symmetrically arranged in the upper middle area or the lower middle area along the longitudinal axis of the back side of the photovoltaic panel, and their installation length is greater than or equal to one third of the transverse length of the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] Preferably, the installation spacing between adjacent ultrasonic transducers is greater than four times their own length and less than six times their own length.

[0008] Preferably, the protective layer is coated on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer and is made of a waterproof, heat-resistant and UV-resistant colloid composite material.

[0009] Preferably, the specific programmed waveform comprises an ultrasonic dust removal waveform of a Rayleigh wave, a Love wave or a Stoneley wave waveform.

[0010] Preferably, the operating frequency of the driving electrical signal is 20 kHz-80 kHz, and the operating frequency is divided into a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band.

[0011] Preferably, the first working frequency band of 20kHz-40kHz is used to remove adherent dust, and the second working frequency band of 40kHz-80kHz is used to remove viscous pollutants.

[0012] Preferably, the shape of the ultrasonic transducer is circular or rectangular, and the material of the ultrasonic transducer is lead zirconate titanate and titanium alloy structure.

[0013] Preferably, the colloid composite material of the protective layer comprises: a polyurethane matrix, a nano-silica reinforcement phase, an ultraviolet absorber and a heat stabilizer, has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C, and an ultraviolet blocking rate of ≥90%.

[0014] A dust removal method for an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel capable of active dust removal comprises the following steps: Step 1: Build an ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel and glue the ultrasonic transducer to the back of the photovoltaic panel; Step 2: Wrapping a protective layer on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer; Step 3: construct an ultrasonic frequency control system, generate a specific programmed waveform through an ultrasonic waveform controller, and input the waveform signal into an ultrasonic generator, which converts the waveform signal into an electrical signal; In step 4, the ultrasonic transducer receives the electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator, and generates ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration frequency adopts the first working frequency band 20kHz-40kHz or the second working frequency band 40kHz-80kHz according to the dust adhesion. The vibration propagates along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, forming a surface wave effect, which effectively shakes off the dust, particulate matter or pollutants attached to the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0015] The present invention provides an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system and a dust removal method capable of active dust removal, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses ultrasonic vibration to achieve dust removal, avoiding the physical wear of the photovoltaic glass surface and anti-reflective coating by mechanical brushing, effectively extending the life of the components, and overcoming the problem of increased power attenuation of photovoltaic panels due to mechanical friction in the prior art.

[0016] 2. The ultrasonic dust removal process of the present invention does not rely on water resources. Compared with high-pressure water gun flushing, it completely solves the hidden dangers of high water consumption in the cleaning process and residual water stains causing hot spots.

[0017] 3. The ultrasonic transducer of the present invention is directly integrated into the photovoltaic module structure and does not rely on complex motion actuators. Compared with other dust removal devices, it significantly reduces system power consumption and failure rate. At the same time, it has stronger terrain adaptability and is particularly suitable for complex application scenarios such as flexible modules and inclined installations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a system framework diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back side of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Ultrasonic frequency control system; 1.1. Ultrasonic waveform controller; 1.2. Ultrasonic generator; 2. Ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel; 2.1. Ultrasonic transducer; 2.2. Photovoltaic panel; 2.3. Protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1; Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal, comprising: Ultrasonic frequency control system 1 and ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2; The ultrasonic frequency control system 1 comprises an ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 and an ultrasonic generator 1.2 connected in sequence; Specifically, an ultrasonic frequency control system 1 is constructed, which includes an ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 and an ultrasonic generator 1.2. The ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 generates a specific programmed waveform and inputs the waveform signal to the ultrasonic generator 1.2, which converts the waveform signal into an electrical signal.

[0022] The ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2 comprises a stacked photovoltaic panel 2.2, a protective layer 2.3, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 2.1 arranged in an array. The ultrasonic transducers 2.1 are symmetrically arranged in the upper-middle region along the longitudinal axis of the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, with their installation length being greater than or equal to one-third of the lateral length of the photovoltaic panel. The installation spacing between adjacent ultrasonic transducers 2.1 is greater than four times and less than six times their own length. The protective layer 2.3, covering the surface of the ultrasonic transducer 2.1, is composed of a waterproof, heat-resistant, and UV-resistant colloid composite material. The ultrasonic transducer 2.1 can be circular or rectangular in shape and can be made of lead zirconate titanate and titanium alloy. The colloid composite material of the protective layer 2.3 comprises a polyurethane matrix, a nano-silica reinforcement phase, a UV absorber, and a heat stabilizer. It has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C and a UV blocking rate of 90% or higher. Specifically, an ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2 is constructed, and an ultrasonic transducer 2.1 is glued to the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, wherein the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 is symmetrically installed along the longitudinal axis of the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, and the installation area is the upper and middle area of the photovoltaic panel; the total installation length of the transducer is not less than one-third of the horizontal width of the photovoltaic panel, and the spacing between adjacent transducers is set to 4 to 6 times its own length; the transducer is rectangular in shape, and the material is lead zirconate titanate PZT piezoelectric ceramic and titanium alloy structure, and a protective layer 2.3 is wrapped on the surface 2.1 of the ultrasonic transducer. The protective layer is a weather-resistant colloid composite material, which includes a polyurethane matrix, a UV absorber and a thermal stabilizer, and has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C; the UV blocking rate is ≥90%, and it has good water resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance, and is suitable for outdoor photovoltaic environments.

[0023] The ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 is configured to generate a specifically programmed waveform signal, convert it into a driving electrical signal via the ultrasonic generator 1.2, and transmit the electrical signal to the ultrasonic transducer 2.1. The specifically programmed waveform includes an ultrasonic dust removal waveform of a Rayleigh wave, a Love wave, or a Stoneley wave waveform. The driving electrical signal operates at a frequency of 20kHz-80kHz, and the operating frequency is divided into a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band. The first operating frequency band of 20kHz-40kHz is used for removing adherent dust, and the second operating frequency band of 40kHz-80kHz is used for removing viscous pollutants.

[0024] Specifically, the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 receives the electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator 1.2, and generates ultrasonic vibrations. The frequency of the ultrasonic vibrations is 20kHz-40kHz or 40kHz-80kHz according to the adhesion of the dust. The vibrations propagate along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, forming a surface wave effect, which effectively shakes off the dust, particulate matter or pollutants attached to the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] Example 2; Please see the attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 and attached Figure 4 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system that can actively remove dust, including.

[0026] Ultrasonic frequency control system 1 and ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2; The ultrasonic frequency control system 1 comprises an ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 and an ultrasonic generator 1.2 connected in sequence; Specifically, an ultrasonic frequency control system 1 is constructed, which includes an ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 and an ultrasonic generator 1.2. The ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 generates a specific programmed waveform and inputs the waveform signal to the ultrasonic generator 1.2, which converts the waveform signal into an electrical signal.

[0027] The ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2 comprises a stacked photovoltaic panel 2.2, a protective layer 2.3, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 2.1 arranged in an array. The ultrasonic transducers 2.1 are symmetrically arranged in the upper-middle region along the longitudinal axis of the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, with their installation length being greater than or equal to one-third of the lateral length of the photovoltaic panel. The installation spacing between adjacent ultrasonic transducers 2.1 is greater than four times and less than six times their own length. The protective layer 2.3, covering the surface of the ultrasonic transducer 2.1, is composed of a waterproof, heat-resistant, and UV-resistant colloid composite material. The ultrasonic transducer 2.1 can be circular or rectangular in shape and can be made of lead zirconate titanate and titanium alloy. The colloid composite material of the protective layer 2.3 comprises a polyurethane matrix, a nano-silica reinforcement phase, a UV absorber, and a heat stabilizer. It has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C and a UV blocking rate of 90% or higher. Specifically, an ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2 is constructed, and an ultrasonic transducer 2.1 is glued to the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, wherein the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 is symmetrically installed along the longitudinal axis of the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, and the installation area is the middle and lower area of the photovoltaic panel; the total installation length of the transducer is not less than one-third of the horizontal width of the photovoltaic panel, and the spacing between adjacent transducers is set to 4 to 6 times its own length; the transducer is rectangular in shape, and the material is lead zirconate titanate PZT piezoelectric ceramic and titanium alloy structure, and a protective layer 2.3 is wrapped on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer 2.1. The protective layer is a weather-resistant colloid composite material, which includes a polyurethane matrix, a UV absorber and a thermal stabilizer, and has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C; the UV blocking rate is ≥90%, and it has good water resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance, and is suitable for outdoor photovoltaic environments.

[0028] The ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1 is configured to generate a specifically programmed waveform signal, convert it into a driving electrical signal via the ultrasonic generator 1.2, and transmit the electrical signal to the ultrasonic transducer 2.1. The specifically programmed waveform includes an ultrasonic dust removal waveform of a Rayleigh wave, a Love wave, or a Stoneley wave waveform. The driving electrical signal operates at a frequency of 20kHz-80kHz, and the operating frequency is divided into a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band. The first operating frequency band of 20kHz-40kHz is used for removing adherent dust, and the second operating frequency band of 40kHz-80kHz is used for removing viscous pollutants.

[0029] Specifically, the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 receives the electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator 1.2, and generates ultrasonic vibrations. The frequency of the ultrasonic vibrations is 20kHz-40kHz or 40kHz-80kHz according to the adhesion of the dust. The vibrations propagate along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, forming a surface wave effect, which effectively shakes off the dust, particulate matter or pollutants attached to the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0030] The device for the dust removal method of an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel capable of active dust removal described below and the ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal described above can correspond to each other.

[0031] The present invention also provides a dust removal method for an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel capable of active dust removal, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construct an ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel 2 and glue the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 to the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2; the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 is installed symmetrically along the longitudinal axis of the back of the photovoltaic panel 2.2, and the installation area is the upper middle area of the photovoltaic panel; the total installation length of the transducer is not less than one-third of the horizontal width of the photovoltaic panel, and the spacing between adjacent transducers is set to 4 to 6 times its own length; the transducer is rectangular in shape and made of lead zirconate titanate PZT piezoelectric ceramic and titanium alloy structure.

[0032] Step 2: Wrap the ultrasonic transducer surface 2.1 with a protective layer 2.3. The protective layer is a weather-resistant colloid composite material, comprising a polyurethane matrix, a UV absorber, and a heat stabilizer. It has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C, a UV blocking rate of ≥90%, and good water resistance, heat resistance, and aging resistance, making it suitable for outdoor photovoltaic environments. Step 3: construct an ultrasonic frequency control system 1, generate a specific programmed waveform through the ultrasonic waveform controller 1.1, and input the waveform signal to the ultrasonic generator 1.2, which converts the waveform signal into an electrical signal; In step 4, the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 receives the electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator 1.2, and generates ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration frequency adopts the first working frequency band of 20kHz-40kHz or the second working frequency band of 40kHz-80kHz according to the adhesion of dust. The vibration propagates along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, forming a surface wave effect, which effectively shakes off the dust, particulate matter or pollutants attached to the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0033] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal, characterized in that: include: Ultrasonic frequency control system (1) and ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel (2); The ultrasonic frequency control system (1) comprises an ultrasonic waveform controller (1.1) and an ultrasonic generator (1.2) connected in sequence; The ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel (2) comprises a stacked photovoltaic panel (2.2), a protective layer (2.3), and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (2.1) arranged in an array; The ultrasonic waveform controller (1.1) is used to generate a specific programmed waveform signal, convert it into a driving electrical signal through the ultrasonic generator (1.2), and transmit the electrical signal to the ultrasonic transducer (2.1).

2. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer (2.1) is symmetrically arranged in the upper middle region or the lower middle region along the longitudinal axis of the back of the photovoltaic panel (2.2), and its installation length is greater than or equal to one third of the lateral length of the photovoltaic panel.

3. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation spacing between adjacent ultrasonic transducers (2.1) is greater than four times their own length and less than six times their own length.

4. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer (2.3) is coated on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer (2.1) and is composed of a waterproof, heat-resistant, and UV-resistant colloid composite material.

5. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific programming waveform includes an ultrasonic dust removal waveform of a Rayleigh wave, a Love wave, or a Stoneley wave waveform.

6. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating frequency of the driving electrical signal is 20kHz-80kHz, and the operating frequency is divided into a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band.

7. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first working frequency band of 20kHz-40kHz is used to remove adherent dust, and the second working frequency band of 40kHz-80kHz is used to remove viscous pollutants.

8. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer (2.1) is circular or rectangular in shape and is made of lead zirconate titanate and titanium alloy.

9. The ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The colloid composite material of the protective layer (2.3) comprises: a polyurethane matrix, a nano-silica reinforcement phase, an ultraviolet absorber and a heat stabilizer, has a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 120°C, and an ultraviolet blocking rate of ≥90%.

10. A dust removal method for an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel capable of active dust removal, applied to an ultrasonic photovoltaic panel system capable of active dust removal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1, constructing an ultrasonic self-cleaning photovoltaic panel (2), gluing an ultrasonic transducer (2.1) to the back of the photovoltaic panel (2.2); Step 2, wrapping a protective layer (2.3) on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer (2.1); Step 3, constructing an ultrasonic frequency control system (1), generating a specific programmed waveform through an ultrasonic waveform controller (1.1), and simultaneously inputting the waveform signal into an ultrasonic generator (1.2), which converts the waveform signal into an electrical signal; In step 4, the ultrasonic transducer (2.1) receives the electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator (1.2), and the ultrasonic transducer (2.1) generates ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration frequency adopts the first working frequency band of 20kHz-40kHz or the second working frequency band of 40kHz-80kHz according to the adhesion of dust. The vibration propagates along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, forming a surface wave effect, which effectively shakes off the dust, particulate matter or pollutants attached to the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

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