Pantograph device for preventing net from rushing and scraping on electrified road and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pantograph devices, and particularly discloses a pantograph device for preventing net rushing and net scraping on an electrified road and a control method. In order to solve the problems that according to an existing pantograph device, net punching is conducted (net edges are broken through due to too large force when the pantograph device leaves a linear rail or upper limit infinite punching height is lost), and net scraping is conducted (a pantograph body or a net body is damaged due to the fact that the pantograph body hooks a net wire), an automatic pantograph collecting system, a radar emergency pantograph collecting system and an anti-scraping structure are designed; when the relative distance between the edge of a pantograph carbon plate and a linear rail is close to the limit edge, the pantograph is automatically retracted; in emergency, the millimeter wave radar is used for forcibly retracting the bow; the height limit of the bow body is limited through the lower end corner structure, and net hooking is avoided. According to the pantograph device, the problems of net punching and net scraping are effectively solved, and the safety and reliability of the pantograph device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pantograph devices, and in particular to a pantograph device and a control method for preventing mesh collision and scraping on electrified roads. The device is suitable for mobile equipment (such as vehicles) that requires a stable contact network (such as railway and highway power supply networks). Background Art

[0002] In mobile equipment that relies on the catenary for power supply (such as railway locomotives and road electric vehicles), the pantograph is the core component that connects the equipment to the catenary. Existing pantographs have the following problems in actual use: Net-bursting problem: When the bow leaves the track (e.g., vehicle deviation or contact line disconnection), the bow will instantly rush upward due to inertia or elastic force, causing damage to the net edge or loss of the upper limit of the bow, posing a safety hazard; Net scraping problem: The hooks on both sides of the bow body can easily hook the net body rails during movement. When the vehicle deviates, the bow body or the net body may be pulled to damage, causing equipment damage and power outage.

[0003] While existing technologies use a damping system to mitigate the impact of mesh erosion, they cannot completely prevent unexpected situations. Furthermore, the lack of targeted structural design for mesh scraping leads to a high failure rate for both the mesh and the pantograph. Therefore, a pantograph device that can simultaneously address both mesh erosion and mesh scraping is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pantograph device and control method for preventing mesh collision and scraping on electrified roads. Through a triple protection mechanism (automatic pantograph retraction, radar emergency pantograph retraction, and anti-scratching structure), the mesh collision and scraping problems of existing pantograph devices are solved, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0005] Technical Solution To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Automatic bow retraction system: A distance sensor and an electric pantograph retraction mechanism are installed at the junction of the pantograph and the carbon plate. The distance sensor monitors the distance between the edge of the pantograph's carbon plate and the track in real time. When the distance narrows to 1-2 centimeters (approaching the critical edge of the contact network), a signal is sent to the electric pantograph retraction mechanism, driving the pantograph to retract within 1 second, preventing inertia from impacting the contact network. In the event of a planned power outage or an unplanned power outage (e.g., a vehicle requiring an emergency power outage due to a special situation), the system can respond with a pantograph retraction within 0.5 seconds, ensuring rapid recovery.

[0006] Radar emergency bow retraction system: The system is equipped with a millimeter-wave radar detector and a forced bow retraction actuator (such as a hydraulic push rod). If the automatic bow retraction system fails to respond due to an unexpected situation (such as requiring emergency avoidance of a forward obstacle), the carbon plate disengages the primary safety feature, and the millimeter-wave radar activates to detect vehicle deviation or obstacle information, triggering the forced bow retraction actuator to forcibly retract the bow, forming a second line of defense. To address potential radar system sluggishness, the vertical length of the elevation angle is designed to be greater than the vehicle's deflection under normal driving conditions (including when the railway bow is malfunctioning). This ensures that the bow is flattened below the contact line by the elevation angle when the vehicle returns to its original position, preventing it from snagging and causing sliding friction.

[0007] Anti-scratch structure design: Rigid metal lower corners are welded below the hooks on either side of the bow, extending vertically downward by 15 cm. Mechanical limits (such as spring locks) also limit the bow's maximum height to 10 cm. (In the patented physics invention, the bow's upward movement after breaking is set to 8 cm, providing a buffer for the driver's return operation.) When the bow is elevated due to turbulence, the lower corners preferentially contact the protective baffles of the mesh rails, preventing the hooks from directly snagging the rails. This 10 cm maximum height limit is lower than the minimum installation height of the mesh rails (e.g., 5.1 meters), further preventing scraping of the net.

[0008] Beneficial effects The present invention effectively solves the problems of screen punching and screen scraping through a triple protection mechanism: The automatic bow retraction system retracts the bow in advance under normal conditions to prevent it from hitting the net; the 0.5-second rapid response in power outage scenarios further improves protection efficiency; The radar emergency bow retraction system provides forced intervention in emergencies, supplementing the shortcomings of the first layer of protection; the elevation design eliminates the risk of net scraping caused by radar response delays; The anti-scratch structure eliminates the risk of scratching the net from a structural perspective through physical limitations (8 cm upward space buffer + 10 cm height limit) and lower end angle design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pantograph device of the present invention; 1-bow body, 2-carbon plate, 3-distance sensor, 4-electric bow retraction device, 5-millimeter wave radar, 6-forced bow retraction actuator, 7-lower end angle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Implementation of the automatic bow retraction system: A distance sensor (such as a laser rangefinder) is installed at the edge of the pantograph's carbon plate to measure the relative distance between the edge and the linear track in real time. When the sensor detects a distance of ≤2 cm, it sends an electrical signal to the electric pantograph retraction mechanism (such as a push rod driven by a servo motor). This activates the motor, retracts the push rod, and drives the pantograph downward to a safe position within 1 second. To address design and random power outages, the system optimizes circuit response speed to achieve pantograph retraction within 0.5 seconds, ensuring rapid protection in emergency situations.

[0011] Implementation of the radar emergency bow retraction system: A millimeter-wave radar (detection accuracy of ±1cm, response time ≤0.1 second) is installed at the front of the vehicle and electrically connected to the carbon plate's primary safety feature (a mechanical limit switch). If the carbon plate disengages the limit switch due to vehicle deviation, the radar activates a 5-meter scan for obstacles or mesh deviation. If an anomaly is detected (e.g., an obstacle ≤3 meters away), a command is sent to the forced bow retraction actuator (a hydraulic push rod), which rapidly retracts, returning the bow to its lowest position within 2 seconds. To address potential radar response delays, the vertical length of the elevation angle is designed to be greater than the vehicle's maximum deflection under normal driving conditions (including railroad operations or malfunctions). This ensures that when the vehicle returns to its original position, the bow's hook angle is flattened below the contact wire by the elevation angle, preventing snagging and sliding friction.

[0012] Implementation of anti-scratch structure: The lower end angle is made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 5mm. It is fixed to the hook angle of the bow body by argon arc welding and extends vertically downward by 15 cm. A spring locking structure is set on the top of the bow body. When the bow body rises to 10 cm, the spring is compressed to the limit position, and the locking pin is inserted into the limit hole to limit the further rise of the bow body. At the same time, in the design of the physical invention patent, the upward space of the bow body after the bow is broken is set to 8 cm. Within this space, if the bow body reacts slowly or the vehicle swings too quickly, the driver can avoid scratching the net by quickly returning it to its original position. At this time, the vertical distance between the bottom of the lower end angle and the net body linear track is 10 cm, which is lower than the minimum installation height of the linear track (5.1 meters), preventing the hook angle from contacting the linear track.

[0013] Through the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, the present invention achieves effective protection against problems of punching nets and scraping nets. After testing, the failure rate of punching nets has been reduced from the current 12% to below 2%, and the failure rate of scraping nets has been reduced from 8% to below 0.5%, which significantly improves the reliability of the equipment.

Claims

1. A pantograph device for preventing netting from being struck and scraped on an electrified highway, characterized in that: include: The automatic pantograph retraction system, located at the edge of the pantograph's carbon plate, detects the distance between the edge and the track. When the remaining distance is 1-2 cm, the system triggers automatic pantograph retraction within 1 second. For both planned and unplanned power outages, the system can respond to the pantograph retraction action within 0.5 seconds. The radar emergency bow retraction system includes a millimeter-wave radar detector and a forced bow retraction actuator. When the automatic bow retraction system fails to respond in time, the millimeter-wave radar detects an emergency (such as an obstacle) and triggers forced bow retraction. The anti-scratch structure includes lower corners located below the hooks on either side of the bow, extending 15 cm vertically downward. The bow's maximum height is limited to 10 cm. A patented physics-based design allows the bow to rise 8 cm after breaking. If the bow's reaction is delayed or the vehicle swings too quickly within this space, the driver can quickly return it to its original position to avoid scratching the net.

2. The pantograph device according to claim 1, wherein: The automatic bow retraction system includes a distance sensor and an electric bow retraction device. The distance sensor monitors the relative distance between the edge of the pantograph carbon plate and the linear track in real time. When the distance is ≤2 cm, a signal is sent to the electric bow retraction device to drive the bow body to complete the bow retraction action within 1 second.

3. The pantograph device according to claim 1, wherein: The radar's emergency bow retraction system is linked to the carbon plate's first safety. When the carbon plate disengages the first safety, the millimeter-wave radar activates. Upon detecting an obstacle or abnormal deflection, a forced bow retraction actuator (such as a hydraulic push rod) drives the bow to rapidly retract. To address potential radar system sluggishness, the vertical length of the elevation angle is designed to be greater than the vehicle's deflection under normal driving conditions (including when the railway bow is malfunctioning). This ensures that the bow is flattened below the contact line by the elevation angle when the vehicle returns to its original position, preventing it from snagging and potentially causing sliding friction.

4. The pantograph device according to claim 1, wherein: The lower end corner is a rigid metal structure, which is welded and fixed to the bow body hook angle. The vertical length of the lower end corner is 15 cm, and when the bow body is at its highest point, the vertical distance between the bottom of the lower end corner and the net body linear track is ≥10 cm to avoid hooking.

5. A control method for a pantograph device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The distance sensor monitors the relative distance between the edge of the pantograph carbon plate and the linear track in real time. When the distance is ≤ 2 cm, the automatic pantograph retraction system is triggered and the pantograph is retracted within 1 second. S2: If the automatic bow retraction system is not triggered (e.g., a sudden obstacle causes a delayed response), when the carbon plate disengages the first safety, the millimeter-wave radar starts detection, triggering the forced bow retraction actuator to forcibly retract the bow body; S3: If the above double protection fails, when the bow body rises, the lower end angle limits its maximum height to 10 cm (the physical design provides an 8 cm upward space to provide a buffer for the driver's return operation) to prevent the hook angle from catching the net body line rail.

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