Car coupler buffering device

Abstract

The invention provides a coupler buffer device. The coupler buffer device adopts a tight-lock coupler, the coupler comprises a coupler head and a coupler handle integrated with the coupler head, and a first through hole is formed in the coupler handle; the coupler yoke comprises a main body part and a frame body part integrated with the main body part, and the main body part is used for being connected with a coupler and provided with a second through hole; the buffer unit is arranged on the frame body part; wherein the first through hole is provided with a rubber bearing, the second through hole is opposite to a bearing hole of the rubber bearing, and a coupler yoke pin penetrates through the second through hole and the bearing hole to connect the coupler with the coupler yoke. A novel coupling form between the tight-lock coupler and the coupler yoke is provided, and the tight-lock coupler can be used for a 25G passenger car and a 25K passenger car through the coupling form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transportation, in particular to a coupler buffer device. Background Art

[0002] The coupler frame in the coupler buffer system is a crucial component connecting the coupler to the vehicle underframe. The coupler inserts into an opening on the front end of the coupler frame and is secured by a coupler pin. The pin passes through corresponding holes in the coupler and coupler frame, firmly connecting them. The front follower plate, buffer, and rear follower plate are installed in the coupler frame in that order. The front and rear follower plates, respectively, make close contact with the front and rear inner walls of the coupler frame, with the buffer positioned between them to cushion and transmit traction.

[0003] In existing technology, 25G and 25K passenger cars primarily use the No. 15 coupler buffer, while 25T passenger cars use a close-fitting coupler buffer. The coupling clearance of a close-fitting coupler buffer is much smaller than that of a No. 15 coupler. To reduce longitudinal impulses between 25G / 25K passenger cars, minimize coupler clearance, reduce noise, and improve comfort, the No. 15 coupler buffer needs to be upgraded to a close-fitting coupler buffer. Furthermore, the coupler buffer must meet interface requirements with the vehicle, as well as provide horizontal and vertical swing performance to ensure normal operation of the coupled vehicles.

[0004] During the rotation process, the hook tail frame is prone to position displacement, causing safety hazards such as the coupler tripping. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve one of the above technical problems and provide a coupler buffer device.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a coupler buffer device, which adopts the following technical solution: A coupler buffer device, comprising: Close-fitting coupler: comprising a hook head and a hook handle integral with the hook head, wherein the hook handle is provided with a first through hole; Coupler tail frame: including a main body and a frame body integral with the main body, the main body is used to connect the close-fitting coupler and is provided with a second through hole; Buffer unit: installed on the frame; The first through hole is provided with a rubber bearing, the second through hole is opposite to the bearing hole of the rubber bearing, and the coupler pin passes through the second through hole and the bearing hole to connect the close-fit coupler to the coupler frame.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, a new connection form between a close-fitting coupler and a hook tail frame is provided, which enables the close-fitting coupler to be used for 25G and 25K passenger cars. The hook tail frame and the coupler of the present application are connected by a rubber bearing structure. The elastic properties of the rubber bearing enable it to play a buffering role between the hook tail frame and the coupler, and to adapt to the vertical rotation and torsion between the coupler and the hook tail frame. When shock or vibration occurs during the operation of the train, the rubber bearing can absorb part of the impact energy received by the vehicle, reduce the direct effect of the impact force on the hook tail frame and the coupler, thereby extending the service life of the components and improving the stability and safety of the train operation. At the same time, the rubber bearing also has a certain effect of reducing the noise of the mating movement.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the coupler buffer device is connected to the vehicle body end through a coupler frame; the vehicle body end includes a mounting beam, and the mounting beam forms a coupler frame mounting slot; the mounting slot is U-shaped and has a downward slot opening; a front follower plate seat and a rear follower plate seat are provided in the mounting slot, and after the coupler frame is installed in the mounting slot, the front follower plate inside the coupler frame is in contact with the front follower plate seat, and the rear follower plate is in contact with the rear follower plate seat; The anti-jump installation structure includes a guide plate, which is installed at the opening of the installation slot and is located at the lower part of the hook tail frame; the plate surface of the guide plate can cover the width of the installation slot, and an insertion slot is provided on the guide plate in a direction parallel to the extension of the installation slot; The hook tail frame is provided with an inserting block, and the inserting block is arranged in the inserting slot.

[0009] In the embodiments of the present application, the mounting structure of the hook frame and the anti-jump structure of the hook frame are improved. By providing a hook frame mounting slot at the vehicle body end, the mounting structure of the hook frame is made more compact. The hook frame mounting slot can be provided on the vehicle body mounting beam. Compared with the prior art, the structure of the mounting beam is improved, and the mounting structure of the hook frame is optimized. However, in this compact structure, the space above the mounting beam does not have the conditions for installing the anti-jump device on the hook frame. The anti-jump mounting structure is improved to include only a guide plate provided at the bottom of the hook frame. Due to the improved mounting beam structure, the guide plate can be installed at the bottom of the mounting slot. Based on this, the anti-jump effect can be ensured by only using a single-sided guide plate. At the same time, the left and right swing of the hook frame relative to the mounting beam can be limited by the structure of the insertion slot.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the guide plate includes a first mounting portion mounted on the first side in the width direction of the mounting slot, and a second mounting portion mounted on the second side in the width direction of the mounting slot. The guide plate body between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion forms a concave structure relative to the mounting slot, and the insertion slot is located on the guide plate body between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion.

[0011] In this embodiment of the present application, installing the guide plate at the bottom of the hook frame mounting slot poses a risk of interfering with the movement of the hook frame. To address this issue, the guide plate body between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion is formed into a recessed structure relative to the mounting slot. This recessed structure provides space, facilitating the fit between the hook frame bottom structure and the guide plate, while also preventing the guide plate from interfering with the movement of the hook frame.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, a hook tail frame support plate is further included, which is installed at the opening of the installation slot, relative to the guide plate, and located on the side away from the coupler; a limiting structure is provided on the bottom surface of the hook tail frame body between the hook tail frame support plate and the guide plate, and when the hook tail frame moves toward the side of the hook tail frame support plate, the limiting structure can contact the hook tail frame support plate.

[0013] In this embodiment, a stopper structure is designed at the bottom of the hook frame. When the hook frame moves toward the side of the hook body on which it is mounted and exceeds the elastic travel of the buffer, the stopper contacts the hook frame support plate, limiting the movement of the hook frame. The installation position of the hook frame support plate and the location of the stopper structure can be configured as desired.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the coupler buffer device is connected to the vehicle body end through a coupler tail frame; the vehicle body end includes a mounting beam; The coupler buffer device also includes a hanging assembly; the hanging assembly includes: Elastic unit: comprising a first elastic member and a second elastic member symmetrically installed on both sides of the coupler extending direction; The first elastic member and the second elastic member can be adapted to be mounted on the vehicle body on the coupler mounting side; When vertical displacement or horizontal displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly, the first elastic member and the second elastic member can be deformed to generate vertical restoring force or horizontal restoring force.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a coupler suspension structure is designed that can adjust the coupler in both the single-hook and double-hook configurations. This suspension structure directly mounts a first elastic member and a second elastic member between the coupler and the vehicle body. When the coupler is in the single-hook, unconnected state, vertical displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly. As the suspension assembly moves downward relative to the vehicle body, the first and second elastic members pull the suspension assembly back into position. When horizontal torsional displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly, the elastic member on one side pulls the suspension assembly back into position relative to the vehicle body. When the coupler is in the double-hook configuration, the first and second elastic members of the suspension assembly elastically deform to adjust to the vertical, horizontal, and torsional positions of the coupler as it navigates a curve. Compared to existing suspension assembly structures, the coupler suspension structure provided by this embodiment significantly reduces component units. A simple elastic assembly achieves horizontal centering and vertical reset, simplifying the product structure and reducing costs while maintaining coupler performance. Furthermore, it is more suitable for installation in compact vehicle spaces.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the suspension assembly also includes an elastic unit mounting seat, the elastic unit mounting seat includes a first side support, a second side support and a coupler mounting support, the coupler mounting support can be installed to the coupler, the first side support and the second side support are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coupler mounting support, the first elastic member is connected to the first side support, and the second elastic member is connected to the second side support.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, an elastic unit mounting seat is designed to solve the installation problem between the suspension assembly and the coupler and the vehicle body. The elastic unit mounting seat plays a role of connection and transition, and facilitates the installation and maintenance of the two elastic elements. At the same time, considering that the elastic elements are set on both sides, in order to achieve the installation between the elastic unit mounting seat and the coupler, as well as the symmetrical installation of the two elastic members, the structure of the elastic unit mounting seat is further designed. The elastic unit is installed to the coupler through the coupler mounting support, and the first elastic member and the second elastic member are respectively installed to the vehicle end through the first side support and the second side support symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coupler mounting support, thereby solving the installation problem between the elastic unit and the coupler.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, an elastic unit mounting bracket is further included, which is mounted on the end face of the mounting beam facing the coupler hook head. The elastic unit mounting bracket has a protrusion facing the hook head. The first elastic member and the second elastic member are connected to the protrusion so that the first elastic member and the second elastic member are spaced apart from the end face of the mounting beam facing the coupler hook head.

[0019] In the embodiments of this application, considering that the elastic unit is easily interfered with the movement of the mounting beam when directly mounted to the end face of the mounting beam, a mounting bracket structure is designed to address this issue. The mounting bracket is mounted on the end face of the mounting beam, creating a gap between the front end of the mounting bracket and the end face of the mounting beam, providing space for the movement of the two elastic members.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the coupler buffer device is connected to the vehicle body end through a coupler tail frame; the vehicle body end includes a mounting beam; and the coupler buffer device further includes: Mounting seat: mounted on the end surface of the mounting beam facing the opposite vehicle body, located above the hook handle; The pendulum block is located below the hook handle. The main body of the pendulum block forms a pendulum block groove. A vertical slide groove is provided along the side wall of the pendulum block groove. A slider is provided in the slide groove. The slider is connected to or in contact with the side of the hook handle facing the ground. An elastic component is installed between the slider and the bottom of the pendulum block groove. The first side swing block hanger and the second side swing block hanger are installed on the mounting seat at intervals and are located on both sides of the hook handle; each swing block hanger is hoisted on the mounting seat and can swing relative to the mounting seat; each swing block hanger is hoisted to the main body of the swing block and can swing relative to the swing block.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, a hanging pendulum block structure is further designed. The hanging pendulum block structure can adjust the horizontal centering of the coupler by swinging along with the curve motion of the coupler and can adjust the horizontal centering of the coupler by adjusting the elastic support.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the elastic component includes a spring and a guide rod, one end of the guide rod is connected to the slider, and the other end passes through a guide hole that passes through the pendulum block slot, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide rod can guide the compression direction of the spring, thereby preventing the spring from twisting and ensuring the direction of the vertical force provided by the spring.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, a hook is provided on the first side of the hook head, and a hook platform is provided on the second side opposite to the first side. The hook of the first coupler can be matched with the hook platform of the second coupler, and the hook of the second coupler can be matched with the hook platform of the first coupler.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, a coupler uncoupling mechanism is further designed. When the couplers are connected, the coupling between the couplers can be fixed by the coupling and engagement of the hook and the hook platform. This uncoupling mechanism greatly simplifies the coupler uncoupling mechanism in the prior art.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hook tail frame from the first perspective in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hook tail frame from a second perspective in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the guide plate from the first perspective in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the guide plate from a second perspective in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a first-perspective structural diagram of the anti-jump installation structure of the hook buffer device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram from a second perspective of the anti-jump installation structure of the hook buffer device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-jump installation structure of the hook buffer device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the coupler, coupler tail frame, and guide plate in the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the coupler, coupler frame, guide plate and coupler frame support plate in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 10a This is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure between the coupler hanging structure and the mounting beam according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 10b This is a schematic diagram of the coupler hanging structure with an anti-slip component according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 10c for Figure 10b Partial enlarged image.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling hanging structure and the buffer coordination structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal centering state of the coupler hanging structure in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the coupler hanging structure in the embodiment of the present application in the horizontally offset state to the right.

[0042] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the coupler hanging structure in the embodiment of the present application in the horizontally offset state to the left.

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupler hanging structure in the embodiment of the present application in the horizontally rearward offset state.

[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupler hanging structure in the embodiment of the present application in the horizontally offset state toward the front side.

[0045] Figure 17 This is a structural schematic diagram of the coupler hanging structure in the embodiment of the present application in a vertically upward offset state.

[0046] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupler hanging structure in the embodiment of the present application in the vertically downward offset state.

[0047] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pendulum block in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pendulum block in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 21 This is an overall schematic diagram of the pendulum block structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the pendulum block structure moving downward with the coupler in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the swing block structure in the embodiment of the present application moving upward with the coupler.

[0052] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the swing block structure in the embodiment of the present application in the twisting state of the coupler.

[0053] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the hook structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the hook connection status of an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the hooking and unhooking states of an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] 1. Coupler, 101. Hook head, 102. Hook handle; 2. Hook tail frame, 201. Insertion block, 202. Main body, 203. Frame, 204. Mounting hole, 205. Limiting structure; 3. Front from board; 4. Back from the board; 5. Buffer unit; 6. Mounting beam, 601. Mounting slot, 602. Mounting hole; 7. Guide plate, 701. Insertion slot, 702. First mounting portion, 703. Second mounting portion, 704. Guide plate body; 8. Adjust the gasket; 9. Rubber bearings; 10. Hook tail frame support plate; 11. Hook pin; 1201, first elastic member, 1202, second elastic member; 13. Mounting seat; 14. Elastic unit mounting seat, 1401. First side support, 1402. Second side support, 303. Coupler mounting seat; 15. Adjust the bolts; 16. Swing block, 1601. Swing block slot, 1602. Slide slot, 1603. Hanging block; 17. Slider; 18. Spring; 1901, first side swing block crane, 1902, second side swing block crane; 20. Guide rod; 21. Hook, 2101. First hook slot, 2102. Second hook slot; 22. Hooking platform, 2201. First hooking slot mating surface; 23. Connecting column; 24. Mounting plate; 25. Unhooking handle, 2501. Locking block; 26. Elastic unit mounting frame, 2601. Protrusion; 27. Anti-slip parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present application. In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication between them; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature. In this application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0059] The present application proposes a coupler buffer device, comprising: Close-fitting coupler 1: includes a hook head 101 and a hook handle 102 integral with the hook head 101, and a first through hole is provided on the hook handle 102; The coupler frame 2 includes a main body 202 and a frame 203 integral with the main body 202. The main body 202 is used to connect to the close-fitting coupler 1 and is provided with a second through hole. Buffer unit 5: installed inside the frame 203; The first through hole is provided with a rubber bearing 9 , the second through hole is opposite to the bearing hole of the rubber bearing 9 , and the coupler pin 11 passes through the second through hole and the bearing hole to connect the close-fit coupler 1 to the coupler frame 2 .

[0060] In this embodiment, a rubber bearing 9 is introduced to address installation issues between the coupler frame 2 and the coupler. The elastic properties of the rubber bearing 9 enable it to act as a buffer between the coupler frame 2 and the coupler, while also meeting the vertical rotation and torsional requirements between the coupler and coupler frame. When impact or vibration occurs during train operation, the rubber bearing 9 absorbs some of the impact energy, reducing the direct impact on the coupler frame 2 and coupler, thereby extending the service life of the components and improving the smoothness and safety of train operation. Furthermore, the rubber bearing 9 also reduces the noise associated with mating movements.

[0061] The coupler bracket 2 is a key component that connects the coupler 1, and its movement must be strictly limited to a safe range. If the coupler bracket 2 moves excessively or jumps, it may cause the connection between the coupler and the coupler bracket 2 to loosen, deform the coupler, or even cause the coupler to separate accidentally.

[0062] The motion limiting guide for the coupler yoke 2 is a crucial design feature for ensuring proper coupler operation and preventing malfunctions. During train operation, the coupler may be subject to various longitudinal and lateral forces. The limiting guide device restricts the direction and range of the coupler yoke's motion, preventing the coupler from shifting due to irregular movement of the yoke, thereby ensuring the coupler always maintains the correct position and posture. This effectively prevents abnormal movement of the coupler yoke, ensuring a reliable coupler connection.

[0063] In the prior art, the hook frame 2 typically includes two levels of position-limiting guides, one on top and one on the bottom. These guides restrict the movement of the hook frame through the position-limiting action of the support plates, respectively. This structure requires many components and a high installation space requirement.

[0064] To solve this problem, the first embodiment of the present application provides an anti-jump installation structure for a hook buffer device.

[0065] A coupler buffer anti-jump mounting structure is used for installation between the coupler buffer and the vehicle body. The coupler buffer is an important component of railway vehicles and rail transit systems, primarily used to connect vehicles to each other, locomotives, or EMUs, transmit traction and braking forces, and mitigate longitudinal impact forces.

[0066] A single-sided coupler buffer typically includes a coupler 1 and a coupler frame 2. A front follower plate 3 and a rear follower plate 4 are mounted within the coupler frame 2. A buffer unit 5 is located between the front follower plate 3 and the rear follower plate 4. The two follower plates support the buffer unit, eliminating the gap between the buffer unit 5 and the coupler frame 2 and assisting in transferring vehicle pulling or impact forces to the buffer unit 5. The couplers of the coupler buffers on both sides are connected to each other to achieve a connection between the vehicles.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the hook tail frame 2 is connected to the vehicle body through the mounting beam 6. The mounting beam 6 can also be defined as a part of the vehicle body.

[0068] refer to Figures 1 to 8 In order to solve the problem of installing the hook tail frame 2, a hook tail frame mounting groove 601 is formed at the vehicle body end; the mounting groove 601 is U-shaped and has a downward slot opening, that is, the slot opening faces the side of the track; a front follower plate seat is provided in the middle of the mounting groove 601, and a rear follower plate seat is provided at the rear. After the hook tail frame 2 is installed in the mounting groove 601, the front follower plate 3 inside the hook tail frame 2 is fitted with the front follower plate seat, and the rear follower plate 4 is fitted with the rear follower plate seat.

[0069] The structure of the embodiment of the present application improves the structure of the mounting beam 6 and the matching structure between the mounting beam 6 and the hook tail frame 2. There is no space at the top of the mounting beam 6 for the anti-jump structure of the hook tail frame 2, so it is necessary to design an anti-jump structure at the bottom of the mounting beam 6 to solve the problem of the hook tail frame 6 preventing it from jumping up and down and shaking left and right.

[0070] Since an open space is formed on one side of the slot opening of the mounting slot 601, an anti-jump mounting structure is provided on the opening side of the mounting slot 601, specifically including a guide plate 7, which is installed at the opening of the mounting slot 601 and is located at the lower part of the hook tail frame 2; the plate surface of the guide plate 7 can cover the width of the mounting slot 601, and an insertion slot 701 is provided on the guide plate 7 in a direction parallel to the extension of the mounting slot 601; an insertion block is provided on the hook tail frame 2, and the insertion block 201 is provided in the insertion slot 701.

[0071] It should be understood that the coordinated structure of the insertion slot 601 and the insertion block 201 can limit the movement of the hook tail frame from the bottom. The guide plate 7, combined with the improved structure of the mounting beam 6, can limit the position of the hook tail frame 2 from the left, right, and upper sides, solving the problem of preventing the hook tail frame 2 from jumping.

[0072] It should be understood that the direction in which the mounting slot 601 extends is parallel to the direction of the vehicle body. The insertion slot 701 is arranged along this direction because this direction is generally the direction in which the impact force on the coupler buffer device is applied, and is also generally the direction in which the coupler tail frame 2 moves. This can thereby limit the position and movement direction of the coupler tail frame.

[0073] It should be understood that the present application provides a coupler frame mounting slot 601 at the vehicle body end, making the mounting structure of the coupler frame 2 more compact, improving the structure of the mounting beam 6, and optimizing the mounting structure of the coupler frame 2. Within this compact structure, the anti-jump mounting structure is improved to include only a guide plate 7 disposed at the lower portion of the coupler frame 2. The insertion block 201 cooperates with the insertion slot 701 to prevent the coupler frame 2 from both jumping up and down. The anti-jump effect can be achieved using only a single-sided guide plate 7. Under the anti-jump effect of the guide plate, the upper surface of the coupler frame mounting slot 601 and the upper surface of the coupler frame 2 do not need to be in contact and are not restricted.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the guide plate 7 includes a first mounting portion 702 mounted on the first side in the width direction of the mounting slot 601, and a second mounting portion 703 mounted on the second side in the width direction of the mounting slot 601. The guide plate body 704 between the first mounting portion 702 and the second mounting portion 703 forms a concave structure relative to the mounting slot 601, and the insertion slot 701 is located on the guide plate body 704 between the first mounting portion 702 and the second mounting portion 703.

[0075] It should be understood that to address the installation issues between the guide plate 7 and the mounting beam 6, fixing holes can be provided on the first mounting portion 702 and the second mounting portion 703, allowing the guide plate 7 and the mounting beam 6 to be secured via fixings. These fixing holes are used to receive fixings (such as bolts, screws, or other fasteners) that secure the guide plate 7 to the mounting beam 6. This installation method not only effectively addresses the installation issues between the guide plate 7 and the mounting beam 6, but also ensures that the guide plate 7 does not loosen or shift during use, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the entire device. It also facilitates replacement of the guide plate 7.

[0076] With the above structure, when the hook frame 2 and the guide plate 7 are fixed, the bottom surface of the hook frame 2 is located outside the bottom surface of the mounting groove 601, which ensures smoother assembly between the hook frame 2 and the guide plate 7. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom surface of the hook frame 2 is in contact with the plate surface on the side where the guide plate 7 and the hook frame 2 are mounted.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the guide plate body 704 between the first mounting portion 702 and the second mounting portion 703 forms a concave structure relative to the mounting slot 601. This concave structure provides space, facilitating the fit between the bottom structure of the hook tail frame 2 and the guide plate 7, while also preventing the guide plate 7 from interfering with the movement of the hook tail frame 2.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, there are two insertion slots 701 symmetrically arranged between the first mounting portion 702 and the second mounting portion 703 , and there are two insertion blocks that can be inserted into the two insertion slots 701 respectively.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, it is taken into account that during the operation of the vehicle, it may be subjected to a unilateral force, which may cause bilateral asymmetric movement in the relative movement of the hook tail frame 2 and the guide plate 7. For example, when the train starts, brakes, or passes through a curve, relative movement may occur between the hook tail frame 2 and the guide plate 7. This relative movement may cause bilateral asymmetric movement, thereby affecting the stability and safety of the vehicle. In order to cope with this situation, the present application designs a bilateral insertion groove 701 for the guide plate 7. Based on this, a bilateral insertion groove 701 is designed for the guide plate 7. The structure of the bilateral insertion groove 701 can produce a bilaterally symmetrical restriction effect on the movement of the hook tail frame 2.

[0080] By designing bilateral insertion slots 701 on the guide plate 7, this application effectively addresses the asymmetric movement between the hook frame 2 and the guide plate 7 that can occur during vehicle operation. This design not only improves vehicle stability and safety but also enhances vehicle performance under various complex operating conditions. Through bilaterally symmetrical restraints, the insertion slots 701 ensure that the movement of the hook frame 2 remains symmetrical, thus reliably ensuring smooth vehicle operation.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, an adjustment gasket 8 is provided between the guide plate 7 and the vehicle body at the installation location of the guide plate 7 and the vehicle body.

[0082] As described in the aforementioned embodiment, when the hook frame 2 and guide plate 7 are fixed, the bottom surface of the hook frame 2 is located outside the bottom surface of the mounting slot 601. However, the dimensions of different hook frame 2 models may vary, and the adjustment shim 8 is used to adjust the installation height of the guide plate 7 and the gap between the guide plate 7 and the hook frame 2. By providing the adjustment shim 8 between the guide plate 7 and the vehicle body mounting beam 6, the guide plate 7 mounting structure can adapt to hook frames 2 of various sizes. The size of the shim can be selected based on the distance between the hook frame 2 and the bottom of the guide plate 7 to ensure that the protruding block of the hook frame 2 can be inserted into the insertion slot 701 of the guide plate 7.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the coupler frame 2 includes a main body 202 and a frame 203 integral with the main body 202 . The main body 202 is used to connect the coupler 1 , and the frame 203 is used to install the buffer unit 5 . The insertion block is located in the main body 202 .

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, the main body 202 of the coupler frame 2 is the portion connecting the coupler frame 2 to the coupler. When a train collides or is subjected to other impact forces during operation, the main body 202 is the primary location on the coupler frame 2 that receives the impact force. The main body 202 also serves as the starting point for the coupler frame 2's movement. By locating the plug-in block within the main body 202, the coupler frame 2 can better perform specific functions in the force-bearing portion. For example, when subjected to an impact force, the plug-in block can work in conjunction with the main body 202 to more effectively disperse and conduct the impact force, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the coupler frame 2, reducing the risk of damage caused by concentrated impact forces, and thereby ensuring the safety of train operation.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the main body 202 includes a first main body and a second main body spaced apart in an upper and lower manner. The first main body and the second main body form relatively arranged mounting holes 204, and the fixing parts pass through the mounting holes 204 to fix the hook tail frame 2 and the coupler; the plug-in block is arranged in the second main body located at the lower part.

[0086] In this embodiment, to address the installation issues between the coupler frame 2 and the coupler, mounting holes 204 are provided in the first and second body sections. The coupler pin 11 passes through these holes, securely fixing the coupler frame 2 to the coupler 1 and ensuring a tight and stable connection. This design not only improves installation efficiency but also enhances connection reliability, effectively avoiding potential safety hazards caused by loose or insecure connections. Furthermore, the placement of the plug-in block in the lower second body section further optimizes the functional layout of the coupler frame 2, enabling it to better coordinate with the coupler 1 and other related components, enhancing the performance and stability of the entire system.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the insertion block 201 is arranged on the bottom side edge of the second main body 202, and is a protruding block formed along the edge of the side edge toward the outside of the side edge, and the protruding block is in the shape of a horizontal plate.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the plug-in block 201 on the bottom side edge of the second main body 202, the problem of installing the hook tail frame 2 and the guide plate 7 can be solved without increasing the overall height. This plug-in structure can save more installation space for the entire hook buffer device.

[0089] refer to Figure 9 In some embodiments of the present application, the anti-jump installation structure of the hook buffer device also includes a hook tail frame support plate 10, which is installed at the opening of the installation groove 601, relative to the guide plate 7, and located on the side away from the coupler 1; a limiting structure 205 is provided on the bottom surface of the hook tail frame 2 between the hook tail frame support plate 10 and the guide plate 7, and when the hook tail frame 2 moves toward the side of the hook tail frame support plate 10, the limiting structure 205 can contact the hook tail frame support plate 10.

[0090] It should be understood that the limiting structure 205 can be a limiting block, a protruding block provided along the bottom end surface of the hook frame 2. When the hook body of the hook frame 2 moves toward the side on which it is mounted, and the elastic travel of the buffer is exceeded, the limiting block can contact the hook frame support plate 10, thereby limiting the movement of the hook frame 2. The installation position of the hook frame support plate 10 and the location of the limiting structure can be configured according to the user's choice.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the bottom surface of the hook tail frame 2 body at the end that cooperates with the hook tail frame 2 support plate is configured as a limiting structure, which can contact the hook tail frame 2 support plate when the hook tail frame 2 moves toward the hook tail frame 2 support plate.

[0092] It should be understood that in this embodiment, there is no need to set a separate limiting structure, and the matching part of the hook tail frame 2 and the guide plate 7 is directly used as the limiting structure to facilitate the processing of the hook tail frame 2.

[0093] The coupler is configured on each carriage and has a single-hook state and a double-hook connection state. The single-hook state refers to the state where the two carriages are not connected, and the double-hook connection state refers to the state where the coupler between the two carriages is connected. When the coupler is in the single-hook state, the coupler is prone to "lowering" relative to the car body due to the certain weight of the hook head; when the coupler is in the double-hook connection state, the positions between the carriages need to be aligned. When the position deviation occurs between the carriages, the coupler will produce torsional displacement during the connection process and deviate from the horizontal centering axis. The coupler state needs to be adjusted in the single-hook state to keep the coupler at a certain height. The swing angle of the coupler needs to be adapted in the connected state.

[0094] To solve the above problems, the first embodiment of the present application provides a coupler hanging structure, including a coupler and a hanging assembly, wherein the hanging assembly is used for auxiliary support of the coupler and assists in the connection between the coupler and the vehicle body.

[0095] The embodiment of the present application first simplifies and improves the structure of the suspension assembly, aiming to optimize the performance of the vehicle connection system, while simplifying the structure, reducing costs, and meeting the installation requirements of the vehicle's compact space.

[0096] refer to Figure 10a and Figure 11 The suspension assembly includes an elastic unit, which comprises two elastic members: a first elastic member 1201 and a second elastic member 1202, symmetrically mounted on either side of the coupler 1. The two elastic members are of a predetermined length to fit between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body. The symmetrical mounting of the two elastic members on either side of the coupler 1 ensures balanced load-bearing of the suspension assembly.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 both have through holes, and the through holes of each elastic member are arranged along the installation side of the elastic member and the vehicle body and the installation side of the elastic member and the coupler; the hanging structure also includes an anti-slip member, which passes through the through hole of the first elastic member 1201 and the through hole of the second elastic member 102, and the two ends are respectively fixed on the vehicle body.

[0098] refer to Figure 10b and Figure 10c , illustratively, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1022 are both springs, and the through hole is the center hole of the spring. The anti-slip member adopts a steel wire rope 27. One end of the steel wire rope 27 is fixed to the side where the first elastic member 1201 is installed in cooperation with the vehicle body mounting beam, and the other end is fixed to the side where the second elastic member 1202 is installed in cooperation with the vehicle body mounting beam. It should be noted that the installation point where the steel wire rope 27 is installed in cooperation with the vehicle body mounting beam and the installation point where the elastic member is installed in cooperation with the vehicle body mounting beam are spaced apart. The steel wire rope 27 passes through the two elastic members, which can assist in fixing the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1022. After the anti-slip member is installed, it can prevent the two elastic members from falling off.

[0099] The first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 can be adapted to be mounted on the vehicle body on the side where the coupler 1 is mounted; the two elastic members can preferably be springs. The two springs are of equal length, and the two ends of each spring are fixed to the coupler 1 and the vehicle body respectively.

[0100] It should be understood that the coupler 1 is used to connect two vehicles. A suspension assembly can be configured on the coupler 1 on each vehicle body. The suspension assembly on each vehicle body is used to position and adjust the coupler 1 on that side of the vehicle body. The mounting method between the elastic member and the coupler 1, and between the elastic member and the vehicle body, is not limited and can be a direct connection or an indirect connection via other auxiliary components.

[0101] Due to the mounting structure between the elastic member, coupler 1, and vehicle body, when vertical or horizontal displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 deform to generate a vertical or horizontal restoring force, thereby reducing the horizontal relative torsion between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body. After the coupler is coupled, the elastic deformation of the elastic member also accommodates the vertical or horizontal displacement of the coupler.

[0102] For example, Figure 10a The structure shown is in the single-hook state. In this state, if vertical displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly, and the suspension assembly moves downward relative to the vehicle body, the first and second elastic members pull the suspension assembly back into place. If horizontal torsional displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly, the elastic member on one side pulls the suspension assembly back into place relative to the vehicle body.

[0103] For example, when vertical relative displacement occurs between coupler 1 and the vehicle body, coupler 1 bows downward, stretching first and second elastic members 1201, 1202. This stretching force exerted on coupler 1 by the first and second elastic members 1201, 1202 creates an upward force on coupler 1, reducing the vertical relative clearance between coupler 1 and the vehicle body. This design not only effectively reduces vertical vibration between the coupler and vehicle body but also improves vehicle stability.

[0104] Exemplary, reference Figure 12 , is a diagram of the horizontally centered state of the coupler suspension structure. At this time, neither the first elastic member 1201 nor the second elastic member 1202 has undergone elastic deformation. When horizontal relative displacement occurs between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body, the coupler 1 twists relative to the vehicle body. The elastic member on the side opposite to the rotation direction of the coupler 1 will be stretched and elastically deformed, generating an upward force on the coupler 1, reducing the horizontal relative twist between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body and improving the stability and safety of the vehicle when running on curves. Figure 13 When the coupler is twisted to the right, the first elastic member 1201 on the left is stretched, and vice versa. Figure 14 When the coupler is twisted to the left, the second elastic member 1202 on the left is stretched.

[0105] Exemplary, reference Figure 15 and Figure 16 When horizontal relative displacement occurs between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body, the coupler 1 is subjected to an impact force or a tensile force, and the buffer element at the rear end of the coupler 1 is compressed toward the vehicle body. At this time, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are elastically deformed due to the impact force or the tensile force. The elastic deformation force of the elastic members can also assist in buffering the impact force and the tensile force of the coupler 1.

[0106] In the examples of this application, reference Figure 5 and Figure 18 The first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are directly installed between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body, and a vertical displacement is generated between the vehicle body and the hanging assembly. When the hanging assembly moves downward relative to the vehicle body, the hanging assembly is reset by the stretching action of the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202; when the vehicle body runs in a curve and a horizontal torsional displacement is generated between the vehicle body and the hanging assembly, the hanging assembly is reset to the center relative to the vehicle body by the stretching action of the elastic member on one side.

[0107] Compared with the structure of the hanging assembly in the prior art, the hanging structure of the coupler 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application greatly reduces the component units, and can achieve the functions of horizontal centering and vertical resetting through simple elastic components, which not only improves the stability and safety of vehicle operation, but also simplifies the product structure and saves costs while ensuring the performance of the coupler 1. It has significant practicality and economy, and is more suitable for installation requirements in compact spaces of vehicles.

[0108] In some embodiments, the suspension assembly further includes an elastic unit mounting base 14, which can be mounted to the coupler 1, with the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 symmetrically mounted on either side of the elastic unit mounting base 14. The design of the elastic unit mounting base 14 provides a more stable and reliable platform for the installation and positioning of the elastic members, while also providing greater flexibility and selectivity in the connection between the entire suspension assembly and the coupler 1.

[0109] There are many options for connecting the elastic unit mounting seat 14 and the coupler 1.

[0110] On the one hand, the elastic unit mounting base 14 and the coupler 1 can be fixedly connected. This fixed connection method securely secures the elastic unit mounting base 14 to the coupler 1 through welding, riveting, or other non-detachable connection methods. This connection method offers advantages such as structural stability and high reliability, making it suitable for applications requiring high connection strength, such as in high-speed or heavy-load trains, where the connection between the coupler and the car body must withstand significant traction and impact forces.

[0111] Alternatively, the elastic unit mounting base 14 and the coupler 1 can be detachably connected. This detachable connection allows the elastic unit mounting base 14 to be mounted to the coupler 1 using bolts, nuts, or other detachable connectors. This connection method offers the advantage of easy installation and removal, facilitating maintenance and replacement of the elastic member. In practical applications, this detachable connection is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring frequent inspection and maintenance, such as subway and light rail vehicles, where routine maintenance and overhaul are frequent. This detachable connection can significantly improve maintenance efficiency.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, the installation problem between the suspension assembly and the coupler 1 and the vehicle body is solved by the elastic unit mounting seat 14. The elastic unit mounting seat 14 plays a role of connection and transition, and at the same time facilitates the installation and maintenance of the two elastic elements.

[0113] In some embodiments, the elastic unit mounting bracket 14 includes a first side support 1401, a second side support 1402 and a coupler mounting bracket 1403. The coupler mounting bracket 1403 can be installed to the coupler 1. The first side support 1401 and the second side support 1402 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coupler mounting bracket 1403. The first elastic member 1201 is connected to the first side support 1401, and the second elastic member 1202 is connected to the second side support 1402.

[0114] It should be understood that the design of coupler mounting bracket 1403 ensures a tight connection to coupler 1, providing stable support whether via a fixed connection (such as welding or riveting) or a removable connection (such as bolting). The first elastic member 1201 is connected to the first side bracket 1401, while the second elastic member 1202 is connected to the second side bracket 1402. This symmetrical arrangement ensures balanced load-bearing of the suspension assembly, allowing the elastic members to deform evenly, thereby more effectively absorbing and buffering the various forces generated during vehicle operation.

[0115] The first side support 1401, the second side support 1402, and the coupler mounting support 1403 together form a Y-shaped structure. This Y-shaped structure ensures symmetrical installation of the first and second elastic members 1201, 1202, providing extremely high structural stability. During vehicle operation, this structure evenly distributes both vertical and horizontal forces across the supports, reducing localized stress concentration and extending the service life of the suspension assembly.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present application, the design of the elastic unit mounting base 14 is further optimized to improve the structural stability and installation convenience of the suspension assembly. Considering the bilateral arrangement of the elastic element, the structure of the elastic unit mounting base 14 has been further redesigned to facilitate installation between the elastic unit mounting base 14 and the coupler 1, as well as the symmetrical installation of the two elastic members. The elastic unit is mounted to the coupler 1 via the coupler mounting support 1403. The first and second elastic members 1201, 1202 are respectively mounted to the vehicle ends via the first and second side supports 1401, 1402, symmetrically arranged on either side of the coupler mounting support 1403, thereby resolving the installation issues between the elastic unit and the coupler 1.

[0117] In some embodiments, the coupler 1 includes a hook head 101 and a hook handle 102 , and the elastic unit mounting seat 14 is installed below the hook handle 102 .

[0118] In this embodiment of the present application, by positioning the elastic unit mounting base 14 below the hook handle 102, a larger operating space is provided for the elastic element. During vehicle operation, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 need to expand, contract, and deform within a certain spatial range to achieve functions such as cushioning and shock absorption. This larger operating space allows the elastic element to more fully exert its elastic properties, effectively absorbing vibrations and impacts generated during vehicle operation, thereby improving vehicle comfort and stability.

[0119] Furthermore, positioning the elastic unit mounting base 14 below the hook handle 102 helps optimize the structural layout between the entire suspension assembly, the coupler, and the vehicle body. This layout makes the connection between the suspension assembly and the coupler more compact and rational, reduces space waste, and also helps improve the integration and reliability of the entire system.

[0120] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are both connected to the elastic unit mounting seat 14 through an adjusting bolt 15, and the adjusting bolt 15 is used to adjust the tension between the first elastic member 1201, the second elastic member 1202 and the vehicle body.

[0121] In the embodiments of the present application, a flexible adjustment mechanism is designed to ensure the long-term stability and reliability of the coupler suspension assembly, particularly in light of varying vehicle body structures and the potential performance changes of the elastic components over time, taking into account the need for the elastic unit to adapt to different vehicle bodies. Furthermore, as the elastic unit ages, its elastic deformation can affect its performance. By adjusting the amount by which bolt 15 is screwed in and out of the elastic unit mounting base 14, the tension of the two elastic components can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the height and alignment of the coupler and thereby ensuring the performance of the suspension structure.

[0122] For example, after prolonged use, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 may experience elastic fatigue or performance degradation. In this case, the elastic deformation capacity of the elastic member will weaken, resulting in a reduction in its ability to buffer vibration and impact during vehicle operation. If the elastic deformation capacity of the elastic member is found to have weakened, the tension of the elastic member can be adjusted by screwing in or out the adjustment bolt 15. Specifically, screwing in the adjustment bolt 15 can increase the tension of the elastic member, allowing it to better absorb vibration and impact during vehicle operation; while screwing out the adjustment bolt 15 can appropriately loosen the elastic member to avoid additional stress caused by over-tensioning.

[0123] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the coupler hanging structure also includes a mounting beam 5 (actually a traction beam of the vehicle body and a part of the vehicle body) and a buffer unit 5. The mounting beam 5 can be connected to the vehicle body, the buffer unit 5 is respectively connected to the coupler 1 and the mounting beam 5, and the elastic unit is connected to the mounting beam 5.

[0124] The buffer unit 5 functions to cushion the tensile and impact forces experienced by the vehicle during operation. The present embodiment improves the mounting structure between the buffer unit 5 and the vehicle body. In the prior art, the buffer unit 5 is typically mounted to the vehicle body using a swivel seat, a hook pin, or other structures. The present embodiment improves this mounting structure by designing a mounting beam 6.

[0125] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the mounting beam 6 serves as an auxiliary mounting structure between the buffer unit 5 and the vehicle body. A narrow mounting slot 601 is formed on the mounting beam 6 along the direction of the buffer unit's extension. The size of the mounting slot 601 is adapted to the overall size of the buffer unit 5. The buffer unit 5 is fixedly connected to the mounting beam 5 via an auxiliary mounting plate, and the mounting beam 5 is connected to the vehicle body via fixings.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, a mounting structure is further designed between the elastic unit, the buffer unit 5, and the vehicle body. By designing the mounting beam 5 structure, a mounting space for the buffer unit 5 is opened in the mounting beam 5, the buffer unit 5 is installed in the mounting space, and the elastic unit is adapted to be mounted on the mounting beam 5, thus solving the problem of adapting the mounting between the elastic unit and the vehicle body.

[0127] In some embodiments, an elastic unit mounting bracket 18 is further included, and the elastic unit mounting bracket 18 is mounted on the end face of the mounting beam 6 facing the coupler head 101. The elastic unit mounting bracket 18 has a protrusion 1801 facing the hook head. The first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are connected to the protrusion 1801 so that the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are separated from the end face of the mounting beam 6 facing the coupler head 1.

[0128] For example, in some embodiments, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 can be directly installed on the end face of the mounting beam 5 facing the coupler head 101, but in this case, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are easy to fit the end face of the mounting beam 5, so that when the coupler 1 and the vehicle body are in relative motion, motion interference occurs between the two elastic members and the mounting beam 6, generating friction, thereby affecting the performance of the two elastic members.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present application, considering that the elastic unit is easily interfered with the movement of the mounting beam 5 when directly mounted on the end surface of the mounting beam 5, an elastic unit mounting bracket 18 is designed to address this problem. Because the mounting bracket 7 forms a protruding structure relative to the hook head 101, the elastic unit mounting bracket 18 is mounted on the end surface of the mounting beam 5, so that a gap is formed between the front end of the elastic unit mounting bracket 18 and the end surface of the mounting beam 5, creating a clearance for the movement of the two elastic members.

[0130] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the installation position of the elastic unit and the coupler 1 and the installation position of the elastic unit and the mounting beam 6 are in the same vertical plane.

[0131] In the embodiments of the present application, the installation positions of the elastic unit and the coupler 1 and the installation positions of the elastic unit and the mounting beam 6 are arranged in the same vertical plane or at a relatively small inclination angle. This allows the coupler 1 to be in its initial or stable state, with the two elastic members in a certain pre-compressed or stretched state, balancing the coupler's gravity and keeping the coupler horizontal while ensuring the performance of the elastic members. It should be understood that the optimal embodiment is to arrange the installation positions of the elastic unit and the mounting beam 6 in the same vertical plane, but this ideal state is difficult to achieve during actual assembly. Therefore, in some embodiments, the installation positions of the elastic unit and the mounting beam 6 can also be arranged at a relatively small angle. This angle preferably ranges from 0° to 20°.

[0132] It should be understood that the coupler 1 is in its initial or stable state when it is not subject to impact or stretching, is in linear motion, and has not undergone any vertical displacement. In these states, the two elastic members (first elastic member 1201 and second elastic member 1202) are in a pre-tensioned state of compression or tension, balancing the weight of the coupler. This balanced state ensures that the performance of the elastic members is not affected during initial installation, thereby guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the suspension assembly during the initial stages of vehicle operation.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first elastic member 1201 and the second elastic member 1202 are arranged in a V-shape from the side mounted on the coupler 1 to the side mounted on the vehicle body.

[0134] In this embodiment, the two elastic members are not designed as a vertical structure, but rather arranged in a V-shape. On the side of the vehicle body where they are mounted, the gap between the two elastic members is larger, allowing the suspension assembly to better adapt to changes in relative displacement between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body under different operating conditions. When relative displacement occurs between the coupler 1 and the vehicle body, this V-shaped arrangement of elastic members better accommodates such displacement changes. The larger gap provides ample space for the elastic members to expand and contract, thereby preventing damage to the elastic unit due to excessive compression or stretching.

[0135] Some embodiments of the present application also provide a coupler buffer device with a centering pendulum block adjustment structure. The coupler buffer device also includes a mounting seat 13, a pendulum block 16 and a pendulum block hanging structure. Figures 19 to 21 .

[0136] Mounting base 13 is mounted on the end face of mounting beam 6 facing the opposite car body and is bolted to mounting beam 6 above coupler handle 102. It should be understood that coupler 1 is used to connect the two car bodies. The couplers 1 and mounting beam 6 of the two car bodies face each other. When the couplers 1 of the two cars are connected, the two cars are connected.

[0137] The pendulum block 16 is located below the hook handle 102. There is no fixed connection between the pendulum block 16 and the mounting beam 6. To stabilize the mounting structure of the pendulum block 16 and limit its position, in some embodiments, a mounting block 1603 is provided on the side wall of the pendulum block 16 near the mounting beam 6. The mounting block 1603 can be mounted on the hook plate 24 on the mounting beam 6, thereby limiting the position of the pendulum block 16. The main body of the pendulum block 16 forms a pendulum block groove 1601. The pendulum block groove 1601 is a groove extending from the hook handle 102 side toward the ground side. Vertical slide grooves 1602 are provided along the side walls of the pendulum block groove 1601. A slider 17 is provided within the slide groove 1602. In a preferred embodiment, the slide grooves 1602 are provided on two opposite sides of the pendulum block groove 1602, with the two ends of the slider 17 respectively located in the slide grooves 1602 on the two sides. This ensures stable movement. Slider 17 is connected to or in contact with the side of hook handle 102 facing the ground. An elastic component is installed between slider 17 and the bottom of pendulum block slot 1601; the elastic component can be a spring 18. To facilitate the connection between slider 17 and hook handle 102, a connecting post 23 can be provided on the upper end surface of slider 17, which connects to the hook handle.

[0138] The pendulum block hanger includes a first side pendulum block hanger 1901 and a second side pendulum block hanger 1902: they are installed on the mounting seat 13 at intervals and are located on both sides of the hook handle 102; each pendulum block hanger is hoisted on the mounting seat 13 and can swing relative to the mounting seat 13; each pendulum block hanger is hoisted to the main part of the pendulum block 16 and can swing relative to the pendulum block.

[0139] It should be understood that the structure between the pendulum block hanger and the mounting seat 13 and the pendulum block 16 enables the pendulum block hanger to swing left and right relative to the mounting seat 13 and the pendulum block 16. For example, pendulum block hanger mounting holes can be opened on both sides of the mounting seat 13, and pendulum block hanger mounting holes can be opened on both sides of the pendulum block 16. The structure of the pendulum block hanger 1901 on each side is described by taking the structure of the first side pendulum block hanger 1901 as an example. The structure of the second side pendulum block hanger 1902 is the same and will not be described again. The first side pendulum block hanger 1901 includes a main rod and two end portions that respectively cooperate with the mounting seat 13 and the pendulum block 16. Limiting blocks are formed on both end portions to ensure that the first side pendulum block hanger 1901 does not fall out of the mounting holes after being inserted into the two mounting holes. By designing the size of the main rod portion of the pendulum block hanger, it can have a movement margin with the matching holes of the mounting seat 13 and the pendulum block 16, and can swing left and right with the movement of the coupler 1. At the same time, during vertical adjustment, it is ensured that the pendulum block hanger can move vertically within the mounting hole.

[0140] refer to Figures 21 to 24 In the embodiment of the present application, a hanging pendulum block structure is further designed. The hanging pendulum block structure can adjust the horizontal centering of the coupler by swinging along with the curved motion of the coupler; and can adjust the horizontal centering of the coupler through the adjustment effect of the elastic support. Specifically, when the coupler 1 moves vertically, the slider 17 moves downward to compress the spring 18, and the vertical motion of the coupler 1 is resisted by the restoring force of the spring 18; when the coupler 1 rotates along the curve, the pendulum block hanger swings left and right with the coupler without affecting the normal operation of the coupler 1. When the coupler rotates vertically at the same time, the structure of the pendulum block 16 and the pendulum block hanger can also complete the adjustment function.

[0141] In some embodiments, in order to ensure the normal movement of the elastic component, the elastic component includes a spring 18 and a guide rod 20. One end of the guide rod 20 is connected to the slider 17, and the other end passes through the guide hole that passes through the pendulum block slot. The protruding end is fixed by a fixing part, and the spring 18 is mounted on the outside of the guide rod 20.

[0142] Exemplarily, the elastic assembly includes three sets of springs 18, wherein the springs 18 on both sides cooperate with the guide rods 20, and the spring 18 in the middle is directly connected to the slider 17 and the pendulum block slot 1601. The two sets of guide rods 20 can stably limit the movement of the springs 18.

[0143] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide rod 20 can guide the compression direction of the spring 18, thereby preventing the spring 18 from twisting and ensuring the direction of the vertical force provided by the spring 18.

[0144] In some embodiments of the present application, a coupler buffer device with uncoupling is also provided.

[0145] In some embodiments of the present application, a hook 21 is provided on the first side of the hook head, and a hook platform 22 is provided on the second side opposite to the first side. The hook 21 of the first coupler can be matched with the hook platform 22 of the second coupler, and the hook 21 of the second coupler can be matched with the hook platform 22 of the first coupler.

[0146] Illustratively, the first and second sides are the two sides of the hook head 1 parallel to the ground. When the two vehicles are coupled, the hook 21 and the hook platform 11 engage to secure the connection between the couplers 1. This uncoupling method significantly simplifies existing coupler uncoupling mechanisms.

[0147] In some embodiments, the hook 21 includes a first hooking slot 2101 and a second hooking slot 2102. The first hooking slot 2102 is coupled to the hook base 22, while the second hooking slot 2102 is coupled to the structural handle 25. To facilitate coupling with the hook 21, a locking block 2501 can be provided on the upper surface of the unhooking handle 25. The locking block 2501 can be hooked into the second hooking slot 2102. To facilitate coupling with the hook 21, a first hooking slot engaging surface 2201 can be provided on the hook base 22 as a downwardly inclined surface to facilitate coupling of the hook 21.

[0148] refer to Figure 26 When the coupler is in the connected state, the unhooking handle 25 of the coupler on this side is rotated toward the hook head, and the hook 21 of the coupler on the opposite side rotates until the first hook groove 2101 is hooked into the hook platform 22, and the second hook groove 2102 is hooked into the locking block.

[0149] refer to Figure 27 In the unhooked state, lift the hook 21 of the opposite coupler, and the unhooking handle 25 and the hook platform 22 are separated from the restriction of the hook 21 to complete the unhooking. In a second aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising the coupler buffer device provided in the first aspect of the present application. The coupler buffer device provided in this application, when used with 25G and 25K buses, can address the issue of large longitudinal impulses experienced by these buses. Experimental verification showed that after the vehicles were coupled, the maximum horizontal turning angle on a curve was 17°, and the maximum vertical turning angle was 4°. No coupler interference occurred, meeting vehicle coupling requirements.

[0150] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupler buffer device, characterized in that: include: Close-fitting coupler: comprising a hook head and a hook handle integral with the hook head, wherein the hook handle is provided with a first through hole; Coupler tail frame: including a main body and a frame body integral with the main body, the main body is used to connect the close-fitting coupler and is provided with a second through hole; Buffer unit: installed on the frame; The first through hole is provided with a rubber bearing, the second through hole is opposite to the bearing hole of the rubber bearing, and the coupler pin passes through the second through hole and the bearing hole to connect the close-fit coupler to the coupler frame.

2. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupler buffer device is connected to the vehicle body end through a coupler frame; the vehicle body end includes a mounting beam, and the mounting beam forms a coupler frame mounting slot; the mounting slot is U-shaped and has a downward slot opening; a front follower plate seat and a rear follower plate seat are provided in the mounting slot; after the coupler frame is installed in the mounting slot, the front follower plate inside the coupler frame is in contact with the front follower plate seat, and the rear follower plate is in contact with the rear follower plate seat; The anti-jump mounting structure includes a guide plate, which is installed at the opening of the mounting slot and is located at the lower part of the hook tail frame; the plate surface of the guide plate can cover the width of the mounting slot, and an insertion slot is provided on the guide plate in a direction parallel to the extension of the mounting slot; The hook tail frame is provided with an inserting block, and the inserting block is arranged in the inserting slot.

3. The coupler buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate includes a first mounting portion mounted on a first side in the width direction of the mounting groove, and a second mounting portion mounted on a second side in the width direction of the mounting groove. The guide plate body between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion forms a concave structure relative to the mounting groove, and the insertion slot is located on the guide plate body between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion.

4. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a hook tail frame supporting plate, which is installed at the opening of the installation groove, relative to the guide plate, and is located on the side away from the coupler; a limiting structure is provided on the bottom surface of the hook tail frame body between the hook tail frame supporting plate and the guide plate, and when the hook tail frame moves toward the side of the hook tail frame supporting plate, the limiting structure can contact the hook tail frame supporting plate.

5. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupler buffer device is connected to the car body end through the coupler tail frame; the car body end includes a mounting beam; The coupler buffer device also includes a hanging assembly; the hanging assembly includes: Elastic unit: comprising a first elastic member and a second elastic member symmetrically installed on both sides of the coupler extending direction; The first elastic member and the second elastic member can be adapted to be mounted on the vehicle body on the coupler mounting side; When vertical displacement or horizontal displacement occurs between the vehicle body and the suspension assembly, the first elastic member and the second elastic member can be deformed to generate vertical restoring force or horizontal restoring force.

6. The coupler buffer device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The suspension assembly also includes an elastic unit mounting seat, which includes a first side support, a second side support and a coupler mounting support. The coupler mounting support can be installed to the coupler, and the first side support and the second side support are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coupler mounting support. The first elastic member is connected to the first side support, and the second elastic member is connected to the second side support.

7. The coupler buffer device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic unit mounting bracket, which is mounted on the end surface of the mounting beam facing the coupler hook head. The elastic unit mounting bracket has a protrusion facing the hook head. The first elastic member and the second elastic member are connected to the protrusion so that the first elastic member and the second elastic member are spaced apart from the end surface of the mounting beam facing the coupler hook head.

8. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, wherein: The coupler buffer device is connected to the vehicle body end through a coupler tail frame; the vehicle body end includes a mounting beam; the coupler buffer device also includes: Mounting seat: mounted on the end surface of the mounting beam facing the opposite vehicle body, located above the hook handle; The pendulum block is located below the hook handle. The main body of the pendulum block forms a pendulum block groove. A vertical slide groove is provided along the side wall of the pendulum block groove. A slider is provided in the slide groove. The slider is connected to or in contact with the side of the hook handle facing the ground. An elastic component is installed between the slider and the bottom of the pendulum block groove. The first side swing block hanger and the second side swing block hanger are installed on the mounting seat at intervals and are located on both sides of the hook handle; each swing block hanger is hoisted on the mounting seat and can swing relative to the mounting seat; each swing block hanger is hoisted to the main body of the swing block and can swing relative to the swing block.

9. The coupler buffer device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a spring and a guide rod. One end of the guide rod is connected to the slider, and the other end passes through a guide hole that passes through the swing block slot. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod.

10. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, wherein: A hook is provided on the first side of the hook head, and a hook platform is provided on the second side opposite to the first side. The hook of the first coupler can be matched with the hook platform of the second coupler for connection, and the hook of the second coupler can be matched with the hook platform of the first coupler.

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