Underwater counterweight block, counterweight structure and welding preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an underwater balancing weight. The underwater balancing weight comprises a balancing weight body, the balancing weight is characterized in that the balancing weight body comprises a shell and filler, the shell is made of a corrosion-resistant hard metal material, and a sealed inner cavity is formed in the shell; the density of the filler is larger than that of the shell, and the sealed inner cavity is filled with the filler. The invention further discloses an underwater counterweight structure and a welding preparation method of the underwater counterweight block. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the balance weight performance can be durable, stable and safe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of counterweight blocks, and in particular relates to an underwater counterweight block, a counterweight structure and a welding preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Some underwater equipment needs to achieve suspension or landing at a predetermined depth underwater. For example, the technical solution of "A method for deploying underwater payloads suitable for UUVs" disclosed in Publication No. CN115848605A mentions:

[0003] "The mine is launched into the water from a submarine launch tube or dropped into the water by a minelayer's laying rack. At the same time, the limit constraint of the overall fuse is released, and the mine fuse is energized when the water pressure action (120m±20m) is met. Under the action of its own gravity and buoyancy, the mine completes the automatic depth setting (anchor mine underwater) or sinking to the bottom (bottom mine underwater) laying action."

[0004] According to the relationship between buoyancy and density, when the average density of underwater equipment is greater than the density of the fluid, the underwater equipment will sink to the bottom; when the average density of underwater equipment is equal to the density of the fluid, the underwater equipment can achieve suspension in the underwater fluid. Changing the average density of underwater equipment is often achieved by adding counterweights to the underwater equipment. This requires precise calculation of the weight and volume of the equipment and counterweights to achieve a precise match with the fluid density and control the underwater deployment action. Therefore, the importance of underwater counterweights is self-evident.

[0005] In the prior art, a closed counterweight structure is often used. For example, the description in paragraphs 0032 to 0035 of the above-cited CN115848605A, “A method for deploying underwater payloads suitable for UUVs”, discloses:

[0006] Before anchor mine 2 is loaded into the UUV, fore and aft load attachments are installed at its bow and stern. The fore end load attachment is called compression group 1 (i.e., the counterweight structure), and the aft end load attachment is called balance tank 3, which represents the anchor mine load 9 for UUV deployment. Compression group 1 has a diameter of 534 mm and a length of 190 mm. It features a solid lead structure and weighs 300 to 340 kg. Balance tank 3 has a diameter of 534 mm and a length of 1720 mm. It has an internal cavity design and a compressive strength of 1.45 MPa, providing a net buoyancy of 210 to 240 kg.

[0007] However, the above counterweight structure has the following shortcomings:

[0008] The compression group is filled with lead blocks, but the scheme does not disclose whether the compression group is sealed. Therefore, after being put into the water, the lead blocks are not sealed or the sealing is not good, which will cause electrochemical corrosion when the seawater contacts the lead blocks, generating lead ions (Pb 2+ ), thereby causing certain pollution and damage to the compression group's own structure and the underwater environment.

[0009] Based on this, the applicant considered an underwater counterweight block, a counterweight structure and a welding preparation method thereof, which have long-lasting, stable and safe counterweight performance. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide an underwater counterweight block, a counterweight structure and a welding preparation method thereof with durable, stable and safe counterweight performance.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] An underwater counterweight block includes a counterweight block body; the characteristic is that the counterweight block body includes an outer shell and a filler, the outer shell is made of corrosion-resistant hard metal material, and the interior of the outer shell has a sealed inner cavity; the density of the filler is greater than the density of the outer shell, and the sealed inner cavity is filled with the filler.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the underwater counterweight of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. Higher average density, smaller design volume, and better counterweight effect

[0015] Because a filler with a density greater than that of the outer shell is set in the sealed inner cavity of the outer shell, the average density of the entire counterweight body can be made greater than the density of the outer shell. Therefore, while achieving the designed counterweight weight, the volume of the counterweight can be reduced and the compactness of the counterweight structure can be improved.

[0016] 2. It can be long-lasting, stable and safe, and has higher reliability in use

[0017] Because the outer shell is made of corrosion-resistant hard metal material and the interior of the shell is sealed, the filling inside the shell will not come into contact with the medium outside the shell, and the filling is always in a constant and safe environment, better ensuring the stability and safety of the self-generating performance. Based on this, because the internal and external structures of the counterweight body are more stable and reliable, the structure itself can be long-lasting, stable and safe.

[0018] The underwater counterweight structure is characterized in that: the above-mentioned underwater counterweight blocks are arranged at intervals on the outer side wall of the counterweight target object in the circumferential direction, and the total weight of all underwater counterweight blocks is equal to the preset counterweight weight.

[0019] In this way, underwater counterweight blocks can be installed according to the designed counterweight weight to achieve underwater movements.

[0020] The method for preparing underwater counterweight by welding comprises the following steps, which are characterized in that:

[0021] Process 1. Prepare the blank;

[0022] The blank comprises a body blank, a cover plate, and a plugging pin; the body blank is formed into a plate shape, a step groove is machined on the upper surface of the body blank, and a step hole connected to the step groove is machined on the side of the body blank; the cover plate is used to cover the notch of the step groove, and the pin is used to plug into the step hole;

[0023] Process 2. First welding;

[0024] Welding and fixing the cover plate to the notch of the step groove to achieve complete sealing, so that a cavity is formed in the body blank;

[0025] Step 3: injecting filler;

[0026] After melting the filler, injecting the filler into the cavity through the stepped hole;

[0027] Process 4. Second welding;

[0028] The pin is plugged and welded into the stepped hole, so that the sealed inner cavity is formed inside the body blank, and the welded part is obtained;

[0029] Process 5. Milling;

[0030] The outer surface of the welded part is milled to finally obtain the counterweight body.

[0031] By adopting the above preparation method, the underwater counterweight block can be smoothly and efficiently produced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the counterweight body in the present invention

[0033] Figure 2 A top view of the counterweight body of the present invention

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Midline II cross-sectional view

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blank in the present invention

[0036] Figure 5Exploded view of the blank in the present invention

[0037] Figure 6 A top view of the body blank of the present invention

[0038] Figure 7 Flow chart of the underwater counterweight welding preparation method of the present invention

[0039] Figure 8 A physical picture of the blank in the present invention

[0040] Figure 9 A top view of the blank in the present invention

[0041] Figure 10 This is a physical picture of the blank after completing step 2 (first welding) in the present invention

[0042] Figure 11 This is a photo of the blank in step 3 (injecting filler) of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a photo of the blank after the process 3 (filling) is completed and the pin is inserted.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a physical picture of the blank after completing step 4 (second welding) in the present invention

[0045] Figure 14 This is a physical picture of the counterweight body obtained after the blank is processed in step 5.

[0046] The following are marked in the figure:

[0047] 10. Counterweight body: 101 outer shell, 102 solid part, 103 mounting hole, 104 arc surface;

[0048] 20 body blank (201 step groove, 202 step hole, 203 reinforcement rib), 21 cover plate, 22 pin;

[0049] 30 fillers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] An underwater counterweight comprises a counterweight body; the counterweight body comprises an outer shell and a filler, the outer shell being made of a corrosion-resistant hard metal material, the interior of the outer shell comprising a sealed inner cavity; the density of the filler is greater than that of the outer shell, and the sealed inner cavity is filled with the filler.

[0052] The corrosion-resistant hard metal material is one of brass, nickel-based alloy or copper-nickel alloy.

[0053] Brass, nickel-based alloys or copper-nickel alloys are all resistant to seawater corrosion and have stable and reliable performance when used in seawater.

[0054] Table 1 List of corrosion-resistant hard metal materials that can be used in implementation

[0055]

[0056] When implemented, brass material, which is easier to process and less expensive, is preferably used to prepare the housing.

[0057] The filler is at least one of pure lead, lead alloy or bismuth alloy.

[0058] The density of pure lead, lead alloy or bismuth alloy is greater than that of the outer shell, which can help increase the average density of the entire counterweight body and improve the counterweight effect.

[0059] Among them, pure lead has the characteristics of high density and low melting point (327.5℃). The density of pure lead is 10-12g / cm 3 (at 20℃), about copper (8.96g / cm 3 ) is 1.27 times.

[0060] The lead alloy is one of: lead-antimony alloy, lead-tin alloy, lead-calcium alloy, lead-bismuth alloy or lead-zinc alloy.

[0061] Table 2 List of fillers that can be used during implementation

[0062]

[0063] The lead content of the above lead alloys is greater than 70% by mass.

[0064] The counterweight block body is a flat block structure as a whole, and the projection of the sealed inner cavity in the thickness direction of the counterweight block body constitutes an inner cavity area; the counterweight block body also has a solid part, and the projection of the solid part in the thickness direction of the counterweight block body is adjacent to one side of the inner cavity area, and the solid part is used for processing and installing the connecting structure.

[0065] Because the underwater counterweight in this solution is resistant to seawater corrosion, it can be installed exposed or uncovered on the target object. When installed uncovered, its more compact structure creates a smaller reflective surface, resulting in improved stealth and reduced detection. Furthermore, when the counterweight is exposed on the outer side of the target object, it provides better flow regulation during lifting and lowering. Rotation can also quickly reduce the water-facing surface area and water resistance during lifting and lowering, thereby improving response speed and accelerating execution.

[0066] The solid part of the underwater counterweight block of this scheme is used for processing and installing the connecting structure (such as the mounting hole). At the same time, the solid part also has the function of accurately adjusting the weight of the counterweight block itself (for example, first weighing, then calculating the weight value to be subtracted based on the weight required by the final design, calculating the cutting amount based on the weight value, and finally, using the cutting tool to dig a hole in the solid part to achieve the final precise weight).

[0067] During implementation, the outer side of the counterweight body, facing away from the solid portion in the circumferential direction of its plate shape, is formed into an arc-shaped surface. This arc-shaped surface not only provides a smoother surface when used exposed underwater, thus reducing water resistance and sound wave reflection intensity, but also allows it to abut against the inner surface of the counterweight shell when not exposed, providing support for the shell.

[0068] The underwater counterweight structure includes a plurality of underwater counterweight blocks arranged on the outer side wall of a counterweight target in the circumferential direction, and the total weight of all the underwater counterweight blocks is equal to the preset counterweight weight.

[0069] In this way, underwater counterweight blocks can be installed according to the designed counterweight weight to achieve underwater movements.

[0070] The method for preparing underwater counterweight by welding comprises the following steps:

[0071] Process 1. Prepare the blank;

[0072] The blank comprises a body blank, a cover plate, and a plugging pin; the body blank is formed into a plate shape, a step groove is machined on the upper surface of the body blank, and a step hole connected to the step groove is machined on the side of the body blank; the cover plate is used to cover the notch of the step groove, and the pin is used to plug into the step hole;

[0073] Process 2. First welding;

[0074] Welding and fixing the cover plate to the notch of the step groove to achieve complete sealing, so that a cavity is formed in the body blank;

[0075] Step 3: injecting filler;

[0076] After melting the filler, injecting the filler into the cavity through the stepped hole;

[0077] Process 4. Second welding;

[0078] The pin is plugged and welded into the stepped hole, so that the sealed inner cavity is formed inside the body blank, and the welded part is obtained;

[0079] Process 5. Milling;

[0080] The outer surface of the welded part is milled to finally obtain the counterweight body.

[0081] During implementation, the inner surface of the step groove in the main body blank is processed to have an inwardly convex reinforcing rib at the mounting hole, thereby increasing the depth and strength of the mounting hole.

[0082] By adopting the above preparation method, the underwater counterweight block can be smoothly and efficiently produced.

[0083] The volume of the step groove is processed according to the volume corresponding to the weight of the preset filler.

[0084] During implementation, a circle of weld seams capable of accommodating welding materials is formed between the notch of the stepped groove and the edge of the covered cover plate. A circle of weld seams capable of accommodating welding materials is also formed between the pin plugging the stepped hole and the edge of the outer opening of the stepped hole.

[0085] The welding materials in step 2 and step 4 have the same or similar components as the shell.

[0086] This allows the weld material to be more consistent with the shell material after fusion, better ensuring the consistency and stability of the shell material. At the same time, it also makes the deformation of the welded part during subsequent cutting more controllable, helping to achieve more precise cutting.

[0087] During the welding in the steps 2 and 4, the shortest distance between the fusion point and the melting point of the welding material and the shell surface is between 2-4 mm.

[0088] Electric welding is used for welding, and the minimum distance between the melting point of the welding material and the surface of the shell is between 2-4mm. This has the advantage that the welding material can flow smoothly into the weld. At the same time, the above-mentioned optimal spacing setting can keep the high temperature of the melting point further away from the surface of the shell, avoiding the impact of the highest welding temperature on the shell, and better ensuring the performance of the shell material. Specifically, brass is a copper-zinc alloy, and the boiling point of zinc (907°C) is lower than the melting point of brass (approximately 900-950°C). Therefore, when conventionally welded, zinc easily evaporates (producing white smoke), which can cause adverse changes in the performance of the brass used in the shell, affecting its reliability during long-term use.

[0089] The cutting depth is 4-7 mm.

[0090] This depth setting can not only form a fast cutting zone through a depth of 3-7mm, but also form a finishing zone through a depth range of 0.001-1mm, achieving both fast processing and high-precision processing, but also reducing the overload of different tools and extending the service life of the tools.

[0091] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the present technical solution should also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection required by the claims.

Claims

1. An underwater counterweight, comprising a counterweight body; characterized in that: The counterweight body includes an outer shell and a filler. The outer shell is made of corrosion-resistant hard metal material. The interior of the outer shell has a sealed inner cavity. The density of the filler is greater than that of the outer shell. The sealed inner cavity is filled with the filler.

2. The underwater counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion-resistant hard metal material is one of brass, nickel-based alloy or copper-nickel alloy.

3. The underwater counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler is at least one of pure lead, lead alloy or bismuth alloy.

4. The underwater counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight block body is a flat block structure as a whole, and the projection of the sealed inner cavity in the thickness direction of the counterweight block body constitutes an inner cavity area; the counterweight block body also has a solid part, and the projection of the solid part in the thickness direction of the counterweight block body is adjacent to one side of the inner cavity area, and the solid part is used for processing and installing the connecting structure.

5. Underwater counterweight structure, characterized by: The invention comprises arranging a plurality of underwater balancing weight blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on the outer side wall of the balancing target in the circumferential direction, and the total weight of all the underwater balancing weight blocks is equal to the preset balancing weight.

6. A method for preparing a counterweight for underwater welding, comprising the following steps, characterized in that: Process 1. Prepare the blank; The blank comprises a body blank, a cover plate, and a plugging pin; the body blank is formed into a plate shape, a step groove is machined on the upper surface of the body blank, and a step hole connected to the step groove is machined on the side of the body blank; the cover plate is used to cover the notch of the step groove, and the pin is used to plug into the step hole; Process 2. First welding; Welding and fixing the cover plate to the notch of the step groove to achieve complete sealing, so that a cavity is formed in the body blank; Step 3: injecting filler; After melting the filler, injecting the filler into the cavity through the stepped hole; Process 4. Second welding; The pin is plugged and welded into the stepped hole, so that the sealed inner cavity is formed inside the body blank, and the welded part is obtained; Process 5. Milling; The outer surface of the welded part is milled to finally obtain the counterweight body.

7. The method for preparing underwater counterweight by welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The volume of the step groove is processed according to the volume corresponding to the weight of the preset filler.

8. The method for preparing underwater counterweight by welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The welding materials in step 2 and step 4 have the same or similar components as the shell.

9. The method for preparing underwater counterweight by welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the welding in the steps 2 and 4, the shortest distance between the fusion point and the melting point of the welding material and the shell surface is between 2-4 mm.

10. The method for welding and preparing underwater counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting depth is 4-7 mm.

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