Hoist with anti-rolling lifting function and method

Abstract

The invention provides a hoist with an anti-rolling lifting function and a method, and belongs to the technical field of lifting equipment. Comprising a mounting plate, a lifting motor arranged on the mounting plate, two speed reducing mechanisms and four winding drums rotationally connected to the mounting plate, a shell of the lifting motor is fixed to the mounting plate, an output shaft of the lifting motor is synchronously connected with input shafts of the two speed reducing mechanisms, output shafts of the speed reducing mechanisms are synchronously connected with two winding drums, and the winding drums are connected with the mounting plate. The rotating speeds of the four winding drums are synchronous; the winding drum is controlled to wind the heavy cable rope, so that the balancing weight moves upwards, and the lifting hook moves downwards; after the lifting hook descends to an upper piece position, a lifted object is hung, then the lifting cable is slowly released, the lifted object is lifted under the self-weight effect of the balancing weight, and when the balancing weight inclines, the balancing weight can be pulled upwards in a small range so as to maintain the stability of the balancing weight; and after the object is lifted to the specified height, releasing of the lifting cable is suspended, and lifting of the lifted object is completed. The method has the advantages of high stability, high safety and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lifting equipment and relates to a hoist with anti-sway lifting function and a method. Background Art

[0002] During lifting operations, it is difficult to ensure that the center of gravity of the mounted object is directly below the mounting connection point, and the load fluctuates during the lifting process. Therefore, it is inevitable that the object will shake during the lifting process. However, the greater the fluctuation amplitude, the more detrimental it is to the lifting accuracy and safety. At present, the general method of reducing shaking is to use multiple cables to pull at an angle on the outside of the hook. However, they all use a method in which the anti-sway angle gradually increases as the lifted object is lifted. That is, in the initial stage of mounting and lifting, the anti-sway angle is the smallest. However, theoretically, as the height of the lifted object gradually increases, the free length of the cable becomes smaller and smaller, and the shaking amplitude of the lifted object itself will also become smaller and smaller. Therefore, the stability of the object during the lifting process is getting better and better, while the stability in the initial stage of mounting and lifting is the worst and most difficult to control. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hoist with anti-sway lifting function in view of the above problems existing in the existing technology. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the lifting stability.

[0004] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a sway-stabilizing hoist, characterized by comprising a mounting plate, a hoisting motor mounted on the mounting plate, two reduction mechanisms, and four drums rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The housing of the hoisting motor is fixed to the mounting plate, the output shaft of the hoisting motor is synchronously connected to the input shafts of the two reduction mechanisms, and the output shafts of the reduction mechanisms are synchronously connected to two of the drums, so that the rotational speeds of the four drums are synchronized. Multiple eccentrically distributed drums, with cables below them, can form sway-stabilizing constraints on the hoisted object.

[0005] The optimization of the anti-sway method includes a crane arm, a counterweight, a hook and several anti-sway cables evenly distributed on the outside of the counterweight. The two ends of the anti-sway cable are fixed on the counterweight and the hook respectively. The middle part of the anti-sway cable passes through the high-position pulley located on the crane arm. The high-position pulley is located on the outside of the mounting plate. The counterweight is located under the crane arm, and the hook is located under the counterweight. The mounting plate of the hoist is fixed on the crane arm, and the free end of the lifting cable wrapped around the drum is fixed on the counterweight. The counterweight mass of the counterweight is greater than the sum of the lifting weight and the hook mass.

[0006] Furthermore, the connection points between the lifting cables wound around the four drums and the counterweight block are evenly arranged on the outside of the center of gravity of the counterweight block in the circumferential direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the hook is located on the longitudinal axis where the center of gravity of the counterweight is located, and the four lifting cables are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outside of the longitudinal axis where the center of gravity of the counterweight is located.

[0008] Furthermore, the reel includes a cylinder body, a driving shaft cylinder and a feed screw rod slidably connected in the cylinder body, the driving shaft cylinder has a notch, the cylinder body has a core cylinder located in the driving shaft cylinder, the feed screw rod cooperates with the center hole of the core cylinder, the feed screw rod is driven by a servo motor, the lifting motor drives the driving shaft cylinder, and the driving shaft cylinder and the cylinder body, as well as the driving shaft cylinder and the core cylinder are all slidably connected.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the cylinder has a winding groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the counterweight block has a positioning hole that passes through the bottom, and the positioning hole is conical in shape with a lower diameter larger than an upper diameter. The hook has a positioning cone made of rubber material that is adapted to the positioning hole.

[0011] A lifting and anti-sway method is characterized in that it includes the following steps: according to the lifting weight, a weight is fixedly set on the counterweight block, so that the total mass K of the counterweight block and the weight is greater than the sum M of the hook and the lifting weight, and the drum is controlled to reel in the lifting cable, so that the counterweight block moves upward and the hook moves downward; after the hook moves downward to the upper position, the lifting object is mounted, and then the lifting cable is slowly released, and the lifting object is lifted under the action of the counterweight block's own weight. When the counterweight block tilts, the counterweight block can be pulled up slightly to maintain the stability of the counterweight block; after lifting to the specified height, the release of the lifting cable is suspended, and the lifting of the lifting object is completed.

[0012] Although this solution sacrifices the lifting height (compared to traditional lifting methods, its maximum lifting height is only half of that of traditional methods), the strength requirements for the hoist are greatly reduced. For operating scenarios such as workshops and formatted docks with small lifting heights and fixed take-off and landing positions, it has obvious advantages in safety and reliability.

[0013] Furthermore, the ratio of K to M is controlled between 1.02 and 1.1.

[0014] The difference between this solution and the existing technology is that:

[0015] 1. Both the anti-sway cable and the lifting cable have an anti-sway effect, and the anti-sway angle of the anti-sway cable on the counterweight is the largest in the initial stage of mounting and gradually decreases as the object is lifted, which improves the stability of mounting and the initial stage of lifting. The stable control of the counterweight is also the stable control of the lifted object.

[0016] 2. This solution converts the lifting of the lifting object to the lowering of the counterweight. Undoubtedly, the stability of the lowering is better controlled because it is more stable in a high position. It is lowered slowly in a relatively stable state, which is more reliable and the shaking of the counterweight itself is easier to control.

[0017] 3. When lifting objects of the same specification, the influence of irregular lifting objects on lifting stability is eliminated to a certain extent, and converted into control of regular counterweight blocks.

[0018] 4. The lifting of the counterweight is not affected by the external environment and can be carried out in a non-operating area. It can also be completed with the assistance of other equipment. This is safer than the traditional method. Therefore, the load of the hoist can be very small, the lifting load can be several times the hoist load, and the requirements for the hoist are also greatly reduced.

[0019] 5. The anti-sway cables respectively play a role in anti-swaying on the counterweight and the lifted object, while the lifting cables also play a role in anti-swaying on the counterweight. The traction of the counterweight by the anti-sway cables is in a downward clustered state, while the traction of the counterweight by the lifting cables is in a downward and upward clustered state. Therefore, the counterweight has multiple anti-sway functions, which is a smooth taking-off and lowering traction. The stability of the counterweight makes the lifted object stable as well. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the anti-sway crane when the load is in a low position.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the anti-sway crane when the load is in a high position.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the anti-sway hoist.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the reel.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0026] In the figure, 1. Mounting plate; 2. Lifting motor; 3. Speed reduction mechanism; 4. Reel; 41. Cylinder; 42. Drive shaft; 43. Feed screw; 44. Core barrel; 45. Servo motor; 46. Lifting cable; 5. Lifting arm; 6. Counterweight; 61. Positioning hole; 7. Hook; 71. Positioning cone; 8. Anti-sway cable; 9. High-position pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the anti-sway hoist includes a mounting plate 1, a lifting motor 2 arranged on the mounting plate 1, two reduction mechanisms 3 and four drums 4 rotatably connected to the mounting plate 1. The housing of the lifting motor is fixed on the mounting plate 1, and the output shaft of the lifting motor 2 is synchronously connected to the input shafts of the two reduction mechanisms 3. The output shaft of the reduction mechanism 3 is synchronously connected to two of the drums 4, so that the rotation speeds of the four drums 4 are synchronized. This is a hoist with multi-cable synchronous traction, which can realize the synchronous lifting or lowering of objects at multiple points.

[0029] The anti-sway lifting method includes a boom 5, a counterweight 6, a hook 7 and several anti-sway cables 8 evenly distributed on the outside of the counterweight 6. The two ends of the anti-sway cable 8 are respectively fixed on the counterweight 6 and the hook 7. The middle part of the anti-sway cable 8 passes through the high pulley 9 located on the boom. The high pulley 9 is located on the outside of the mounting plate 1. The counterweight 6 is located under the boom. The hook 7 is located under the counterweight 6. The mounting plate 1 of the hoist is fixed on the boom. The free end of the lifting cable 46 wrapped around the drum 4 is fixed on the counterweight 6. The counterweight mass of the counterweight 6 is greater than the sum of the lifting weight and the mass of the hook 7.

[0030] The connection points between the lifting cables 46 wound around the four drums 4 and the counterweight 6 are evenly arranged outside the center of gravity of the counterweight 6. The hook 7 is located on the longitudinal axis of the center of gravity of the counterweight 6, and the four lifting cables 46 are evenly distributed outside the longitudinal axis of the center of gravity of the counterweight 6.

[0031] The reel 4 includes a body 41, a drive shaft 42 slidably connected to the body 41, and a feed screw 43. The drive shaft 42 has a notch, and the body 41 has a core 44 located in the drive shaft 42. The feed screw 43 cooperates with the center hole of the core 44. The feed screw 43 is driven by a servo motor 45. The hoisting motor 2 drives the drive shaft 42. The drive shaft 42 is slidably connected to the body 41 and to the core 44. The rotation of the body 41 can be synchronized with the core 44. At the same time, the servo motor 45 can also drive the core 44 and the body 41 to move along the drive shaft 42. This is to ensure that the outlet position of the lifting cable 46 remains unchanged and that the hoist can control the synchronous traction of each cable. The hoisting cable 46 is wound on the cylinder 41 in a single layer. The winding groove on the outer wall of the cylinder 41 is used to wind the single layer of hoisting cable 46. This eliminates the error between the cable pulling length and the rotation speed of the cylinder 41 caused by multi-layer winding. In addition, in this method, each hoisting cable 46 is controlled by a reel 4, and the length and diameter of the cylinder 41 can be longer. They are distributed on the mounting plate 1 and are relatively separated from the hoisting motor 2, reduction mechanism 3, etc.

[0032] The lifting and anti-sway method includes the following steps: according to the lifting weight, a weight is fixed on the counterweight 6 so that the total mass K of the counterweight 6 and the weight is greater than the sum M of the hook 7 and the lifting weight, and the drum 4 is controlled to reel in the lifting cable 46, so that the counterweight 6 moves upward and the hook 7 moves downward; after the hook 7 moves downward to the upper position, the lifting object is hung, and then the lifting cable 46 is slowly released, and the lifting object is lifted under the action of the counterweight 6's own weight. When the counterweight 6 tilts, the counterweight 6 can be pulled up slightly to maintain the stability of the counterweight 6; after lifting to the specified height, the release of the lifting cable 46 is paused, that is, the lifting of the lifting object is completed, and the ratio of K to M is controlled between 1.02 and 1.1.

[0033] The counterweight 6 has a positioning hole 61 extending through the bottom. The positioning hole 61 is in a conical shape with a diameter at the bottom being larger than that at the top. The hook 7 has a positioning cone 71 made of rubber material that fits the positioning hole 61 .

[0034] In this solution, although the utilization rate of the cable is not high, it is suitable for repetitive operations of lifting objects of the same specification. In workshops, docks, ports and other locations, especially when lifting objects of the same specification, at the same lifting position and at the same lifting height, this solution has obvious advantages. In this way, the lifting of the counterweight block 6 can be completed in a safe area with the assistance of other equipment. It has advantages for lifting operations of lifting objects with irregular outer contours, deviations from the mounting position that inevitably deviate from the center of gravity, etc.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, during the process of lifting the object, that is, the process of the counterweight block 6 descending, the internal counterweight anti-roll angle t formed between the lifting cable 46 and the counterweight block 6 gradually increases, and the external counterweight anti-roll angle α between the anti-roll cable 8 and the counterweight block 6 gradually decreases. However, due to the simultaneous action of the internal and external cluster tractions, the stability is relatively high; the lifting anti-roll angle r between the anti-roll cable 8 and the hook 7 gradually increases. Compared with the existing technology, the anti-roll is diversified. During the lifting process, the traditional control of the object upward is changed to the control of the counterweight block 6 downward, which greatly reduces the work intensity and improves reliability and safety.

[0036] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hoist with anti-sway lifting function, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting plate (1), a lifting motor (2) arranged on the mounting plate (1), two reduction gears (3) and four reels (4) rotatably connected to the mounting plate (1); the housing of the lifting motor is fixed on the mounting plate (1); the output shaft of the lifting motor (2) is synchronously connected to the input shafts of the two reduction gears (3); the output shaft of the reduction gear (3) is synchronously connected to two of the reels (4), so that the rotational speeds of the four reels (4) are synchronized.

2. A method for lifting using the hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a lifting arm (5), a counterweight (6), a hook (7) and a plurality of anti-sway cables (8) uniformly distributed on the outside of the counterweight (6), the two ends of the anti-sway cables (8) are respectively fixed on the counterweight (6) and the hook (7), the middle part of the anti-sway cables (8) passes through a high-position pulley (9) located on the lifting arm, the high-position pulley (9) is located on the outside of the mounting plate (1), the counterweight (6) is located under the lifting arm, the hook (7) is located under the counterweight (6), the mounting plate (1) of the hoist is fixed on the lifting arm, the free end of the lifting cable (46) arranged on the drum (4) is fixed on the counterweight (6); the counterweight mass of the counterweight (6) is fixed on the lifting arm, and the lifting cable (46) is fixed on the lifting arm. The weight is greater than the sum of the lifting weight and the weight of the hook (7); comprising the following steps: according to the lifting weight, a weight is fixedly set on the counterweight (6) so that the total weight K of the counterweight (6) and the weight is greater than the sum M of the hook (7) and the lifting weight, and the reel (4) is controlled to reel in the lifting cable (46) so that the counterweight (6) moves upward and the hook (7) moves downward; after the hook (7) moves downward to the upper position, the lifting object is mounted, and then the lifting cable (46) is slowly released, and the lifting object is lifted under the action of the deadweight of the counterweight (6), and when the counterweight (6) tilts, the counterweight (6) can be slightly pulled up to maintain the stability of the counterweight (6); After the lifting reaches the designated height, the release of the lifting cable (46) is suspended, and the lifting of the lifting object is completed.

3. A lifting and anti-swaying method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection points between the lifting cables (46) wound around the four drums (4) and the counterweight (6) are evenly arranged on the outside of the center of gravity of the counterweight (6) in the circumferential direction.

4. A lifting and anti-swaying method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hook (7) is located on the longitudinal axis where the center of gravity of the counterweight (6) is located, and the four lifting cables (46) are evenly distributed circumferentially outside the longitudinal axis where the center of gravity of the counterweight (6) is located.

5. A lifting and anti-swaying method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reel (4) includes a cylinder (41), a driving shaft cylinder (42) and a feed screw (43) slidably connected in the cylinder (41), the driving shaft cylinder (42) has a notch, the cylinder (41) has a core cylinder (44) located in the driving shaft cylinder (42), the feed screw (43) cooperates with the center hole of the core cylinder (44), the feed screw (43) is driven by a servo motor (45), the lifting motor (2) drives the driving shaft cylinder (42), and the driving shaft cylinder (42) and the cylinder (41) and the driving shaft cylinder (42) and the core cylinder (44) are all slidably connected.

6. A lifting and anti-swaying method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of the cylinder (41) is provided with a winding groove.

7. A lifting and anti-swaying method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The counterweight (6) has a positioning hole (61) running through the bottom, and the positioning hole (61) is in a conical shape with a lower diameter larger than an upper diameter. The hook (7) has a positioning cone (71) made of rubber material and adapted to the positioning hole (61).

8. A lifting and anti-swaying method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio of K to M is controlled between 1.02 and 1.1.

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