Mute rotational flow type single vertical pipe drainage system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drainage, and particularly relates to a silent rotational flow type single vertical pipe drainage system which comprises a drainage vertical pipe module, a hydrocyclone module, a transverse branch pipe module, a ventilation module, an accessory and accessory module and an energy dissipation module. The drainage vertical pipe module adopts a PVC-U spiral pipe with a spiral flow guide groove in the inner wall and a cast iron spiral pipe; the water flow is guided to spirally descend along the pipe wall, a stable water flow form is formed, water flow impact and noise are reduced, the cyclone modules are adjustable cyclones and are installed at the joints of the transverse branch pipes and the vertical pipes on each layer, traditional three-way / four-way pipe fittings are replaced, and sewage discharged by the transverse branch pipes is guided by blade structures in the cyclones. By means of modular design and fluid mechanics innovation, balance of drainage performance, noise control and space efficiency is achieved, the system is particularly suitable for modern houses, hotels and public buildings with high quality requirements, and the system is an upgraded alternative scheme of a traditional drainage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of drainage, and in particular relates to a silent vortex type single-standpipe drainage system. Background Art

[0002] Drainage systems are a crucial component of construction projects, primarily responsible for collecting, transporting, and discharging sewage, wastewater, and rainwater within buildings, ensuring indoor sanitation and maintaining proper building function. Drainage systems can be categorized by drainage type, including domestic, industrial, and rainwater systems. Based on ventilation method, they can be divided into dual-riser systems and single-riser systems. Core components include sanitary fixtures and accessories, drainage piping systems, ventilation systems, pipe fittings and accessories, and cleaning and maintenance equipment.

[0003] The existing double-riser system takes up a lot of space and is expensive. When draining with an ordinary single-riser, the water impacts the pipe wall and makes a lot of noise. Traditional pipe fittings cause water turbulence and large air pressure fluctuations, which can easily damage the water seal and cause odor. The water flow at the bottom of the riser in high-rise buildings has a strong impact, and the pipes are easily worn and broken. When draining multiple layers at the same time, the air flow is turbulent, and the water seals of the sanitary appliances on the bottom are easily squeezed. The traditional system has insufficient self-cleaning ability for blockages such as grease and debris, and requires frequent dredging. For this reason, we propose a silent vortex-type single-riser drainage system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a silent vortex-type single-standpipe drainage system that can achieve a balance between drainage performance, noise control, and space efficiency through modular design and fluid mechanics innovation. It is particularly suitable for modern residences, hotels, and public buildings with high quality requirements, and is an upgraded alternative to traditional drainage systems.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A silent swirl type single standpipe drainage system, the drainage system includes a drainage standpipe module, a cyclone module, a horizontal branch pipe module, a ventilation module, accessories and accessory modules, and an energy dissipation module. The drainage standpipe module adopts a PVC-U spiral pipe or a cast iron spiral pipe with a spiral guide groove on the inner wall to guide the water flow to spiral down along the pipe wall to form a stable water flow pattern and reduce water flow impact and noise. The cyclone module is an adjustable cyclone installed at the connection between each layer of horizontal branch pipe and vertical pipe, replacing the traditional three-way / four-way pipe fittings. The sewage discharged from the horizontal branch pipe is guided by the internal blade structure of the cyclone to form a spiral flow along the wall of the vertical pipe, avoiding the water flow directly impacting the center of the vertical pipe, reducing turbulence and noise. When the water flows along the pipe wall, a penetrating air column is formed in the center of the vertical pipe to balance the air pressure inside and outside the pipeline. The horizontal branch pipe module is a PVC-U or HDPE branch pipe. The horizontal branch pipe module connects the sanitary appliances and the vertical pipe to collect and transport The sewage is connected to the riser with a cyclone or a special water-flowing tee to reduce water flow resistance and noise. The ventilation module is a top-extending ventilation pipe and a ring-shaped ventilation pipe. The ventilation module balances the air pressure in the pipe to prevent the water seal from failing due to negative pressure, and at the same time discharges the odor generated by the sewage. The top of the riser of the top-extending ventilation pipe extends to the ventilation pipe on the roof, which is directly connected to the atmosphere. The accessories and attachment modules are large curvature elbows, bottom deflectors, inspection ports, cleaning ports, and fire arrester rings. The large curvature elbows and bottom deflectors guide the water flow to turn smoothly, reduce impact noise and pipe wear, and the inspection port is set on the riser for pipeline inspection and dredging. The cleaning port is installed at the end of the horizontal branch pipe to clear pipe blockages. The fire arrester ring is installed at the riser where the floor passes. The energy dissipation module is an energy dissipator with a built-in porous plate or spiral structure to disperse water flow energy, reduce the water flow velocity in the riser, and avoid damage to the bottom pipe due to excessive impact pressure.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the operation of the drainage system includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1. Sanitary ware sewage collection;

[0009] Step 2. Initial flow guidance and spiral flow formation in the cyclone;

[0010] Step 3. The spiral flow in the riser descends steadily;

[0011] Step 4. Gas-water separation and air pressure balance;

[0012] Step 5. Multi-layer drainage superposition and airflow control;

[0013] Step 6. Energy dissipation and deceleration at the bottom of the riser;

[0014] Step 7. The sewage is discharged into the municipal pipe network;

[0015] Step 8. System maintenance and exception handling.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the sewage from sanitary appliances is collected by the sewage discharged from toilets and wash basins into the horizontal branch pipe. The sewage initially carries a small amount of air and is in a free-flowing state. The horizontal branch pipe is made of PVC-U spiral pipe and HDPE silent pipe. The inner wall is smooth and has a certain degree of flexibility. The slope design complies with the specifications. The slope of the residential drainage horizontal branch pipe is 2.6%, and that of public buildings is 2%. The formula is verified:

[0017] Calculate the flow rate using the Manning formula:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, when the roughness coefficient of PVC-U pipe is n=0.009, the hydraulic radius of De110 pipe diameter is R=0.0275m, and the slope is i=0.026, the flow velocity v≈1.1m / s, which is in the economic range of anti-blocking and noise reduction.

[0020] The kitchen horizontal branch pipe needs to be equipped with a grease trap to prevent grease condensation and blockage, and the bathroom floor drain needs to be equipped with an odor-proof floor drain core to prevent odor from returning.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the primary flow guide and spiral flow of the cyclone are formed by setting the cyclone body as a Y-shaped or TY-shaped pipe fitting, with 3-4 spiral guide blades built in, and the blade angle is 30°-45°, which guides the water flow into the vertical pipe in the tangential direction. When the sewage from the horizontal branch pipe hits the cyclone blade in the horizontal direction, the curvature and angle of the blade decompose the water flow velocity into the tangential velocity v t and axial velocity v a , so that the water flow obtains the initial spiral momentum, according to:

[0022]

[0023] When θ=45°, the tangential velocity v t With axial velocity v a equal;

[0024] Compared with the traditional tee, the cyclone makes the water flow slide along the pipe wall into the riser, reducing the impact noise. From the perspective of kinetic energy, the impact kinetic energy of the traditional tee is:

[0025]

[0026] Impact kinetic energy after cyclone diversion

[0027]

[0028] Noise reduction is 10log (cos 2 θ)≈-8dB.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the spiral flow in the riser is steadily reduced to the point where the spiral guide grooves on the inner wall of the riser are aligned with the direction of water flow rotation. The friction between the grooves and ridges continuously imparts swirling force to the water flow, maintaining the spiral flow form. The water flow presents a thin annular wall-attached flow, and the flow velocity increases outward along the pipe wall. The diameter of the central air column is approximately 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the riser. By optimizing the pipe diameter and flow velocity, the water flow is in a laminar or transitional flow state, with a Reynolds number of:

[0030] Avoid turbulence and noise;

[0031] In practical applications, the equivalent Reynolds number of spiral flow is reduced to the transition flow range by the correction coefficient k=0.1, and the noise is significantly reduced.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the gas-water separation and air pressure balance are as follows: at the initial stage of drainage, water flows quickly into the vertical pipe, the air column is compressed, and the air inhalation speed of the top vent pipe at the top of the vertical pipe is 5-8m / s, which quickly replenishes the air pressure. After the spiral flow is formed in the stable drainage period, the air column pressure fluctuation is less than ±20Pa, and the water seal remains stable to prevent odor. At the end of drainage, the water flow decreases, the air column pressure rises again, and a small amount of exhaust gas is discharged through the top vent pipe. At this time, the wind speed at the vent pipe outlet is less than 2m / s to avoid the formation of whistle sound. When multiple layers are drained at the same time, a small amount of air is sucked in at the inlet of the cyclone on the bottom layer due to the change in air pressure, which further balances the local pressure difference.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-layer drainage superposition and airflow control are as follows: the upper spiral flow rotates and descends along the outer side of the vertical pipe, and the lower spiral flow flows along the inner side, forming a coaxial double spiral flow structure without interfering with each other. The distance between the two adjacent layers of cyclones is ≥50cm to avoid the upper water flow being disturbed by the lower air flow when it is not stable, resulting in the rupture of the spiral flow. The airflow distribution is as follows: 5%-10% of the air at the inlet of each layer of cyclones is diverted into the horizontal branch pipe to form a micro-positive pressure environment to prevent the water seal of the bottom sanitary ware from being squeezed. According to:

[0034] Q air =k·Q drainage (k=0.1)

[0035] After diversion, the pressure gradient at the bottom of the riser is reduced by 10%-15%.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the energy dissipation technology for energy dissipation and deceleration at the bottom of the riser is to use 45° and 60° elbows with a curvature radius of 4-6 times the pipe diameter, so that the spiral flow turns smoothly along the outside of the elbow, and the kinetic energy loss rate is 30%;

[0037] The bottom deflector has a built-in deflector cone or spiral blades to convert the vertical spiral flow into a horizontal rotating flow, further reducing the flow rate.

[0038] In a preferred solution, the pipe connection for sewage discharge into the municipal pipe network is designed so that the angle between the household pipe and the vertical pipe is ≥45° to avoid water flow impact caused by right-angle connection. The pipe diameter is one size larger than the vertical pipe to reduce local resistance. An anti-backflow device is installed in the outdoor inspection well to prevent sewage from backflowing into the house when the water level of the municipal pipe network rises. In the medical building scenario, the household pipe is first connected to the disinfection pool and then discharged into the municipal pipe network. Catering places are pre-treated in the grease trap. Gas emission control: the outlet of the roof ventilation pipe must be 2m higher than the roof and away from doors and windows to prevent odor from entering the room; the ventilation pipe in extremely cold areas is treated with antifreeze.

[0039] In a preferred solution, the system maintenance and abnormality handling is to install a built-in pressure sensor in the inspection port to monitor the air pressure in the riser in real time, and alarm through the Internet of Things platform in case of abnormality. The cleaning port is equipped with a wireless camera, and maintenance personnel can check the internal deposition of the pipeline through the APP. CCTV pipeline inspection is carried out on the riser of high-rise residential buildings every two years, focusing on checking whether the cyclone blades are deformed and whether the guide groove is fouled.

[0040] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0041] The spiral guide grooves on the inner wall of the riser and the cyclone blades guide the water flow to form a wall-attached spiral flow, avoiding the high-frequency noise caused by the water directly hitting the pipe wall in traditional risers. An air column runs through the center of the riser to reduce the turbulence of air-water mixing. The wind speed at the vent pipe outlet is controlled below 2m / s, avoiding the whistling sound caused by high-speed airflow in traditional systems.

[0042] The "spiral flow + top-extending vent pipe" achieves air-water balance, eliminating the need for dedicated vent pipes in traditional dual-riser systems. This saves 50% of riser space and reduces pipe usage. Only one riser, accessories, and construction procedures are required, reducing overall costs by approximately 20%-30% compared to traditional dual-riser systems.

[0043] The water flows downward in an orderly rotation along the pipe wall, reducing kinetic energy impact compared to traditional straight-fall flow. At the same time, the centrifugal force of the spiral flow can carry debris quickly through the pipe, delaying the formation of blockage. The upper and lower spiral flows form a "coaxial double helix" structure without interfering with each other, which can cope with multi-layer simultaneous drainage during peak hours. The large curvature elbow and bottom deflector reduce the water flow speed from 2m / s to below 1.2m / s, with a kinetic energy loss rate of 30%-40%, preventing damage to the bottom pipe due to impact.

[0044] In the initial stage of drainage, air is quickly replenished through the top ventilation pipe. During the stable period, air is continuously exchanged with the outside world through the air column. The air pressure fluctuation is controlled at ±20Pa, which is far below the critical value of water seal damage. This prevents odor from returning from bathroom floor drains and toilets. The P-type water trap, magnetic odor-proof floor drain core and spiral flow air pressure control provide dual protection, reducing the risk of odor return by more than 95% compared with traditional systems.

[0045] The inspection port has a built-in pressure sensor. When the pipeline is blocked and the air pressure fluctuates by more than 50Pa, the IoT alarm is triggered within 10 seconds. The positioning accuracy is >90%, which is 80% more efficient than traditional manual inspections. The cleaning port is equipped with a wireless camera. Maintenance personnel can view the scale inside the pipeline in real time through the APP, avoiding blind pipe removal and reducing maintenance costs by 50%. The orderly flow of spiral flow reduces scale on the pipe wall. Combined with high-pressure water jet cleaning, the comprehensive maintenance cycle of the riser can be extended to 10 years. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a silent swirl type single standpipe drainage system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of a silent vortex type single-standpipe drainage system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] See also Figure 1-2As shown, the present invention provides a silent vortex type single riser drainage system, which includes a drainage riser module, a cyclone module, a horizontal branch module, a ventilation module, accessories and attachment modules, and an energy dissipation module. The drainage riser module adopts a PVC-U spiral pipe or a cast iron spiral pipe with a spiral guide groove on the inner wall to guide the water flow to spiral down along the pipe wall to form a stable water flow pattern and reduce water flow impact and noise. The cyclone module is an adjustable cyclone installed at the connection between the horizontal branch pipe and the riser on each floor to replace the traditional three-way / four-way pipe fittings. The sewage discharged from the horizontal branch pipe is guided by the internal blade structure of the cyclone to form a spiral flow along the wall of the riser to avoid the water flow directly impacting the center of the riser, reducing turbulence and noise. When the water flows along the pipe wall, a through air column is formed in the center of the riser to balance the air pressure inside and outside the pipeline. The horizontal branch pipe module is a PVC-U or HDPE branch pipe. The horizontal branch pipe module connects the sanitary appliances and the riser to collect and The sewage is transported to the riser and a cyclone or a special water-flowing tee is used to connect the riser to reduce water flow resistance and noise. The ventilation module is a top-extending vent pipe and a ring-shaped vent pipe. The ventilation module balances the air pressure in the pipe to prevent the water seal from failing due to negative pressure and discharges the odor generated by the sewage. The top of the riser of the top-extending vent pipe extends to the ventilation pipe on the roof and is directly connected to the atmosphere. The accessories and attachment modules are large curvature elbows, bottom deflectors, inspection ports, cleaning ports, and fire arrester rings. The large curvature elbows and bottom deflectors guide the water flow to turn smoothly, reduce impact noise and pipe wear. The inspection port is set on the riser for pipeline inspection and dredging. The cleaning port is installed at the end of the horizontal branch pipe to clear pipe blockages. The fire arrester ring is installed at the riser where it passes through the floor. The energy dissipation module is an energy dissipator with a built-in porous plate or spiral structure to disperse water flow energy, reduce the water flow velocity in the riser, and avoid damage to the bottom pipe due to excessive impact pressure.

[0050] Drainage system operation includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1. Sanitary ware sewage collection;

[0052] Step 2. Initial flow guidance and spiral flow formation in the cyclone;

[0053] Step 3. The spiral flow in the riser descends steadily;

[0054] Step 4. Gas-water separation and air pressure balance;

[0055] Step 5. Multi-layer drainage superposition and airflow control;

[0056] Step 6. Energy dissipation and deceleration at the bottom of the riser;

[0057] Step 7. The sewage is discharged into the municipal pipe network;

[0058] Step 8. System maintenance and exception handling.

[0059] Sanitary ware sewage collection: The sewage discharged from toilets and wash basins enters the horizontal branch pipe. The sewage initially carries a small amount of air and is in a free-flowing state. The horizontal branch pipe uses PVC-U spiral pipe and HDPE silent pipe. The inner wall is smooth and has a certain degree of flexibility. The slope design complies with the regulations. The slope of the residential drainage horizontal branch pipe is 2.6%, and that of public buildings is 2%. The formula verification:

[0060] Calculate the flow rate using the Manning formula:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, when the roughness coefficient of PVC-U pipe is n=0.009, the hydraulic radius of De110 pipe diameter is R=0.0275m, and the slope is i=0.026, the flow velocity v≈1.1m / s, which is in the economic range of anti-blocking and noise reduction.

[0063] The kitchen horizontal branch pipe needs to be equipped with a grease trap to prevent grease condensation and blockage, and the bathroom floor drain needs to be equipped with an odor-proof floor drain core to prevent odor from returning.

[0064] The primary flow diversion and spiral flow formation of the cyclone is to set the cyclone body as a Y-type or TY-type pipe fitting, with 3-4 spiral guide blades built in. The blade angle is 30°-45°, which guides the water flow into the vertical pipe in the tangential direction. When the sewage from the horizontal branch pipe hits the cyclone blade in the horizontal direction, the curvature and angle of the blade decompose the water flow velocity into the tangential velocity v t and axial velocity v a , so that the water flow obtains the initial spiral momentum, according to:

[0065]

[0066] When θ=45°, the tangential velocity v t With axial velocity v a equal;

[0067] Compared with the traditional tee, the cyclone makes the water flow slide along the pipe wall into the riser, reducing the impact noise. From the perspective of kinetic energy, the impact kinetic energy of the traditional tee is:

[0068]

[0069] Impact kinetic energy after cyclone diversion

[0070]

[0071] Noise reduction is 10log (cos 2 θ)≈-8dB.

[0072] The spiral flow in the riser steadily descends as the spiral guide groove on the inner wall of the riser is consistent with the direction of water flow rotation. The friction of the groove ridges continuously imparts swirling force to the water flow, maintaining the spiral flow shape. The water flow is a thin annular wall flow, and the flow velocity increases outward along the pipe wall. The diameter of the central air column is about 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the riser. By optimizing the pipe diameter and flow velocity, the water flow is in a laminar or transitional flow state. The Reynolds number is:

[0073] Avoid turbulence and noise;

[0074] In practical applications, the equivalent Reynolds number of spiral flow is reduced to the transition flow range by the correction coefficient k=0.1, and the noise is significantly reduced.

[0075] For air-water separation and air pressure balance, water flows quickly into the riser at the initial stage of drainage, the air column is compressed, and the air inhalation speed of the vent pipe at the top of the riser is 5-8m / s, which quickly replenishes the air pressure. After the spiral flow is formed in the stable drainage period, the air column pressure fluctuation is less than ±20Pa, and the water seal remains stable to prevent odor. At the end of drainage, the water flow decreases, the air column pressure rises, and a small amount of exhaust gas is discharged through the vent pipe. At this time, the wind speed at the vent pipe outlet is less than 2m / s to avoid the formation of whistle sound. When multiple layers are drained at the same time, a small amount of air is sucked in at the inlet of the cyclone on the bottom layer due to the change in air pressure, which further balances the local pressure difference.

[0076] Multi-layer drainage superposition and airflow control: the upper spiral flow rotates and descends along the outer side of the vertical pipe, and the lower spiral flow flows along the inner side, forming a coaxial double spiral flow structure without interfering with each other. The distance between the two adjacent layers of cyclones is ≥50cm to avoid the upper water flow being disturbed by the lower air flow when it is not stable, resulting in the rupture of the spiral flow. Airflow distribution: 5%-10% of the air is diverted from the inlet of each layer of cyclone into the horizontal branch pipe, forming a micro-positive pressure environment to prevent the water seal of the bottom sanitary appliances from being squeezed. According to:

[0077] Q air =k·Q drainage (k=0.1)

[0078] After diversion, the pressure gradient at the bottom of the riser is reduced by 10%-15%.

[0079] The energy dissipation technology solution for energy dissipation and deceleration at the bottom of the riser is to use 45° and 60° elbows with a curvature radius of 4-6 times the pipe diameter, so that the spiral flow turns smoothly along the outside of the elbow, and the kinetic energy loss rate is 30%;

[0080] The bottom deflector has a built-in deflector cone or spiral blades to convert the vertical spiral flow into a horizontal rotating flow, further reducing the flow rate.

[0081] The pipe connection for sewage discharge into the municipal pipe network is designed to have an angle of ≥45° between the household pipe and the riser to avoid water impact caused by right-angle connection. The pipe diameter is one size larger than the riser to reduce local resistance. Anti-backflow devices are installed in outdoor inspection wells to prevent sewage from backflowing into households when the water level in the municipal pipe network rises. In medical building scenarios, the household pipe is first connected to the disinfection pool and then discharged into the municipal pipe network. Catering places are pre-treated in the grease trap. Gas emission control: the outlet of the roof ventilation pipe must be 2m higher than the roof and away from doors and windows to prevent odor from entering the room; the ventilation pipe in extremely cold areas is treated with antifreeze.

[0082] For system maintenance and abnormality handling, a pressure sensor is installed in the inspection port to monitor the air pressure in the riser in real time. In case of abnormality, an alarm is issued through the Internet of Things platform. The cleaning port is equipped with a wireless camera, and maintenance personnel can check the internal deposition of the pipeline through the APP. CCTV pipeline inspection is carried out on the risers of high-rise residential buildings every two years, focusing on whether the cyclone blades are deformed and whether the guide groove is fouled.

[0083] In the present invention, the spiral guide grooves on the inner wall of the riser and the cyclone blades guide the water flow to form a wall-attached spiral flow, avoiding the high-frequency noise caused by the water flow directly hitting the pipe wall in traditional risers. An air column runs through the center of the riser to reduce the turbulence of air-water mixing. The wind speed at the vent pipe outlet is controlled below 2m / s, avoiding the whistling sound caused by high-speed airflow in traditional systems.

[0084] The "spiral flow + top-extending vent pipe" achieves air-water balance, eliminating the need for dedicated vent pipes in traditional dual-riser systems. This saves 50% of riser space and reduces pipe usage. Only one riser, accessories, and construction procedures are required, reducing overall costs by approximately 20%-30% compared to traditional dual-riser systems.

[0085] The water flows downward in an orderly rotation along the pipe wall, reducing kinetic energy impact compared to traditional straight-fall flow. At the same time, the centrifugal force of the spiral flow can carry debris quickly through the pipe, delaying the formation of blockage. The upper and lower spiral flows form a "coaxial double helix" structure without interfering with each other, which can cope with multi-layer simultaneous drainage during peak hours. The large curvature elbow and bottom deflector reduce the water flow speed from 2m / s to below 1.2m / s, with a kinetic energy loss rate of 30%-40%, preventing damage to the bottom pipe due to impact.

[0086] In the initial stage of drainage, air is quickly replenished through the top ventilation pipe. During the stable period, air is continuously exchanged with the outside world through the air column. The air pressure fluctuation is controlled at ±20Pa, which is far below the critical value of water seal damage. This prevents odor from returning from bathroom floor drains and toilets. The P-type water trap, magnetic odor-proof floor drain core and spiral flow air pressure control provide dual protection, reducing the risk of odor return by more than 95% compared with traditional systems.

[0087] The inspection port has a built-in pressure sensor. When the pipeline is blocked and the air pressure fluctuates by more than 50Pa, the IoT alarm is triggered within 10 seconds. The positioning accuracy is >90%, which is 80% more efficient than traditional manual inspections. The cleaning port is equipped with a wireless camera. Maintenance personnel can view the scale inside the pipeline in real time through the APP, avoiding blind pipe removal and reducing maintenance costs by 50%. The orderly flow of spiral flow reduces scale on the pipe wall. Combined with high-pressure water jet cleaning, the comprehensive maintenance cycle of the riser can be extended to 10 years.

[0088] The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained herein shall, unless otherwise specified or limited, be implemented in accordance with conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A silent swirl type single standpipe drainage system, characterized by: The drainage system includes a drainage riser module, a cyclone module, a horizontal branch module, a ventilation module, accessories and attachment modules, and an energy dissipation module. The drainage riser module adopts a PVC-U spiral pipe or a cast iron spiral pipe with a spiral guide groove on the inner wall to guide the water flow to spiral down along the pipe wall to form a stable water flow pattern and reduce water flow impact and noise. The cyclone module is an adjustable cyclone installed at the connection between each layer of horizontal branch pipe and vertical pipe to replace the traditional three-way / four-way pipe fittings. The sewage discharged from the horizontal branch pipe is guided by the internal blade structure of the cyclone to form a spiral flow along the wall of the vertical pipe to avoid the water flow directly impacting the center of the vertical pipe, reducing turbulence and noise. When the water flows along the pipe wall, a through air column is formed in the center of the vertical pipe to balance the air pressure inside and outside the pipeline. The horizontal branch pipe module is a PVC-U or HDPE branch pipe. The horizontal branch pipe module connects the sanitary ware and the vertical pipe, collects and transports sewage to the vertical pipe, and connects with the vertical pipe. The pipe connection adopts a cyclone or a special water-flowing tee to reduce water flow resistance and noise. The ventilation module is a top-extending ventilation pipe and a ring-shaped ventilation pipe. The ventilation module balances the air pressure in the pipe to prevent the water seal from failing due to negative pressure, and at the same time discharges the odor generated by sewage. The top of the vertical pipe of the top-extending ventilation pipe extends to the ventilation pipe on the roof, which is directly connected to the atmosphere. The accessories and attachment modules are large curvature elbows, bottom deflectors, inspection ports, cleaning ports, and fire arrester rings. The large curvature elbows and bottom deflectors guide the water flow to turn smoothly, reduce impact noise and pipe wear, and the inspection port is set on the vertical pipe for pipeline inspection and dredging. The cleaning port is installed at the end of the horizontal branch pipe for clearing pipe blockages. The fire arrester ring is installed at the vertical pipe where it passes through the floor. The energy dissipation module is an energy dissipator with a built-in porous plate or spiral structure to disperse water flow energy, reduce the water flow velocity in the vertical pipe, and avoid damage to the bottom pipe due to excessive impact pressure.

2. A silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation of the drainage system includes the following steps: Step 1. Sanitary ware sewage collection; Step 2. Initial flow guidance and spiral flow formation in the cyclone; Step 3. The spiral flow in the riser descends steadily; Step 4. Gas-water separation and air pressure balance; Step 5. Multi-layer drainage superposition and airflow control; Step 6. Energy dissipation and deceleration at the bottom of the riser; Step 7. The sewage is discharged into the municipal pipe network; Step 8. System maintenance and exception handling.

3. A silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sewage from sanitary appliances is collected by the sewage discharged from toilets and wash basins into the horizontal branch pipe. The sewage initially carries a small amount of air and is in a free-flowing state. The horizontal branch pipe is made of PVC-U spiral pipe and HDPE silent pipe. The inner wall is smooth and has a certain degree of flexibility. The slope design complies with the specifications. The slope of the residential drainage horizontal branch pipe is 2.6%, and that of public buildings is 2%. The formula verification: Calculate the flow rate using the Manning formula: Among them, when the roughness coefficient of PVC-U pipe is n=0.009, the hydraulic radius of De110 pipe diameter is R=0.0275m, and the slope is i=0.026, the flow velocity v≈1.1m / s, which is in the economic range of anti-blocking and noise reduction. The kitchen horizontal branch pipe needs to be equipped with a grease trap to prevent grease condensation and blockage, and the bathroom floor drain needs to be equipped with an odor-proof floor drain core to prevent odor from returning.

4. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cyclone's primary flow guidance and spiral flow formation are as follows: the cyclone body is set as a Y-shaped or TY-shaped pipe fitting, with 3-4 spiral guide blades built in. The blade angle is 30°-45°, guiding the water flow into the vertical pipe in the tangential direction. When the sewage from the horizontal branch pipe hits the cyclone blade in the horizontal direction, the curvature and angle of the blade decompose the water flow velocity into the tangential velocity v t and axial velocity v a , so that the water flow obtains the initial spiral momentum, according to: When θ=45°, the tangential velocity v t With axial velocity v a equal; Compared with the traditional tee, the cyclone makes the water flow slide along the pipe wall into the riser, reducing the impact noise. From the perspective of kinetic energy, the impact kinetic energy of the traditional tee is: Impact kinetic energy after cyclone diversion Noise reduction is 10log (cos 2 θ)≈-8dB.

5. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral flow in the riser is steadily reduced to the point where the spiral guide grooves on the inner wall of the riser are consistent with the direction of water flow rotation. The friction between the grooves and ridges continuously imparts swirling force to the water flow, maintaining the spiral flow form. The water flow is a thin annular wall flow, and the flow velocity increases outward along the pipe wall. The diameter of the central air column is approximately 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the riser. By optimizing the pipe diameter and flow velocity, the water flow is in a laminar or transitional flow state. The Reynolds number is: Avoid turbulence and noise; In practical applications, the equivalent Reynolds number of spiral flow is reduced to the transition flow range by the correction coefficient k=0.1, and the noise is significantly reduced.

6. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air-water separation and air pressure balance are as follows: at the initial stage of drainage, water flows quickly into the riser, the air column is compressed, and the top vent pipe at the top of the riser inhales air at a speed of 5-8m / s, quickly replenishing the air pressure; after the spiral flow is formed in the stable drainage period, the air column pressure fluctuation is less than ±20Pa, the water seal remains stable, and odor is prevented; at the end of drainage, the water flow decreases, the air column pressure rises again, and a small amount of waste gas is discharged through the top vent pipe. At this time, the wind speed at the vent pipe outlet is less than 2m / s, avoiding the formation of whistling sound; when multiple layers are drained at the same time, a small amount of air is sucked in at the inlet of the cyclone on the bottom layer due to the change in air pressure, further balancing the local pressure difference.

7. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-layer drainage superposition and airflow control are as follows: the upper spiral flow rotates and descends along the outer side of the vertical pipe, and the lower spiral flow flows along the inner side, forming a coaxial double spiral flow structure without interfering with each other. The distance between the two adjacent layers of cyclones is ≥50cm to avoid the upper water flow being disturbed by the lower air flow when it is not stable, resulting in the rupture of the spiral flow. The airflow distribution is: 5%-10% of the air is diverted from the inlet of each layer of cyclone into the horizontal branch pipe, forming a micro-positive pressure environment to prevent the water seal of the bottom sanitary ware from being squeezed. According to: Q air =k·Q drainage (k=0.1) After diversion, the pressure gradient at the bottom of the riser is reduced by 10%-15%.

8. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy dissipation technology solution for energy dissipation and deceleration at the bottom of the riser is to use 45° and 60° elbows with a curvature radius of 4-6 times the pipe diameter, so that the spiral flow turns smoothly along the outside of the elbow, and the kinetic energy loss rate is 30%; The bottom deflector has a built-in deflector cone or spiral blades to convert the vertical spiral flow into a horizontal rotating flow, further reducing the flow rate.

9. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipe connection design for sewage discharge into the municipal pipe network is that the angle between the household pipe and the vertical pipe is ≥45° to avoid water flow impact caused by right-angle connection. The pipe diameter is one size larger than the vertical pipe to reduce local resistance. Anti-backflow devices are installed in outdoor inspection wells to prevent sewage from backflowing into households when the water level of the municipal pipe network rises. In medical building scenarios, the household pipe is first connected to the disinfection pool and then discharged into the municipal pipe network. Catering places are pre-treated in the grease trap. Gas emission control: the outlet of the roof ventilation pipe must be 2m higher than the roof and away from doors and windows to prevent odor from entering the room; the ventilation pipe in extremely cold areas is treated with antifreeze.

10. The silent swirl type single-stand pipe drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system maintenance and abnormality handling are as follows: the inspection port is equipped with a built-in pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the riser in real time, and an alarm is issued through the Internet of Things platform in case of abnormality. The cleaning port is equipped with a wireless camera, and maintenance personnel can check the internal deposition of the pipeline through the APP. CCTV pipeline inspection is carried out on the riser of high-rise residential buildings every two years, focusing on checking whether the cyclone blades are deformed and whether the guide groove is fouled.

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