Pressure reducing and damping device for handheld drilling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure reduction and shock absorption device for a handheld drilling machine, and belongs to the field of drilling machine shock absorption. The pressure reduction and shock absorption device comprises a drilling machine section fixing disc, a protective sleeve is installed on the outer wall of one side of the drilling machine section fixing disc, and a drill rod section fixing disc is installed at one end of the protective sleeve; hydraulic dampers, first springs and spring sleeves are installed on the surfaces, close to each other, of the drilling machine section fixing disc and the drilling rod section fixing disc, the spring sleeves are located on the outer sides of the first springs, the first springs are located on the outer sides of the protective sleeves, and the hydraulic dampers are located on the inner sides of the protective sleeves. By designing a series damping structure, vibration energy is fully consumed, compared with a single damping element, the damping effect is more remarkable, the damping process is more stable, the damping effect under different working conditions can be improved, meanwhile, various drilling machine models are compatible, and the maintenance cost is reduced; and invalid energy loss caused by excessive vibration can be reduced, more energy of the drilling machine can be used for effective drilling operation, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling rig shock absorption, and in particular relates to a pressure reducing and shock absorbing device for a handheld drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] Drilling can obtain information such as the location, range, and thickness of coal seams. Only after the location of the coal seams is determined can more accurate mining be carried out. At the same time, coal mine drilling can obtain information such as the faults and strikes of the coal seams, helping to understand the vertical distribution of coal seams, the changing trends of coal seams, and some coal seam deformation, providing a basis for mining decisions.

[0003] Currently, the handheld drills commonly used in coal mining face operations are not ideal, have irrational structural layouts, and cannot meet the demand for drilling efficiency. Furthermore, they rely heavily on manual operation, which not only increases the workload of workers but also creates significant reaction forces on them, posing various safety risks during operation.

[0004] Therefore, in order to effectively make up for the shortcomings of the existing ordinary handheld drilling rigs in reducing pressure and shock absorption, prevent the insufficient stability of drilling during the drilling process, ensure the normal progress of drilling and the personal safety of workers, it is urgent to provide a pressure reducing and shock absorbing device with reliable structure, easy assembly and good adaptability, so as to reduce the safety risks during the drilling process and improve the safe and efficient drilling efficiency of mines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pressure reducing and shock absorbing device for a handheld drill rig, comprising a drill rig section fixing plate, a protective sleeve being installed on one outer wall of the drill rig section fixing plate, a drill rod section fixing plate being installed on one end of the protective sleeve, a hydraulic damper, a spring 1 and a spring sleeve being installed on surfaces of the drill rig section fixing plate and the drill rod section fixing plate that are close to each other, and the spring sleeve being located on the outside of the spring 1, the spring 1 being located on the outside of the protective sleeve, and the hydraulic damper being located on the inside of the protective sleeve.

[0007] In the above implementation process, the drill section fixing plate is connected to the main body of the handheld drill rig to fix the drill rig, transmit the axial force and torque during operation, and ensure stable docking between the device and the drill rig. The protective sleeve is fixed between the drill section fixing plate and the drill rod section fixing plate, forming a cylindrical structure that can isolate external coal dust and debris from invading the hydraulic damper and spring 2. The drill rod section fixing plate is directly connected to the drill rod and is used to transmit the rotational force and vibration of the drill rod to the shock-absorbing component. The hydraulic damper is located inside the protective sleeve, with its ends respectively fixed to the drill section fixing plate and the drill rod section fixing plate. It absorbs high-frequency vibration energy through the flow resistance of the hydraulic oil, suppresses the axial impact force during drill rod operation, and reduces the force on the operator's hand. Spring 1 is located outside the protective sleeve and is arranged around the protective sleeve to further buffer residual vibration. It also forms a series shock-absorbing structure with the hydraulic damper to enhance low-frequency impact absorption capability. The spring sleeve is wrapped around the outside of spring 1 to prevent spring 1 from deflecting or rubbing against the protective sleeve during compression or extension. It also forms a sealed environment with the protective sleeve, extending the service life of spring 1 and the hydraulic damper.

[0008] In a specific embodiment, a seal and a piston rod are provided inside the hydraulic damper, and the piston rod passes through the top center of the seal, and the outer surface of the upper part of the piston rod is provided with multiple groups of threaded grooves, and the outer surface of the piston rod is sleeved with an adjusting block and spring 2, and the top and top of spring 2 are respectively connected to the bottom of the adjusting block and the top of the seal, the inner surface of the adjusting block is adapted to the threaded groove, and the outer surface of the adjusting block is installed with gear 1, and the top wall of the hydraulic damper is detachably installed with a micro motor, and the output end of the micro motor is installed with a connecting rod, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected to the top of the seal through a shaft, and the outer surface of the connecting rod is sleeved with gear 2, and gear 2 is engaged with gear 1.

[0009] In the above implementation process, the micro motor is started and can drive gear 2 to rotate under the action of the connecting rod. Since gear 1 is engaged with gear 2, it can then drive gear 1 to rotate, so that the adjustment block can rotate on the surface of the piston rod and cooperate with the thread groove, so that the adjustment block can move up and down, thereby driving spring 2 to stretch or compress, and then changing the preload force of spring 2 to achieve dynamic adjustment of the damping parameters.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, a hydraulic pressure sensor is installed at the oil inlet of the hydraulic damper to monitor the pressure in the oil chamber. The hydraulic pressure sensor interacts with an acceleration sensor and a microcontroller installed on the drilling rig. The microcontroller dynamically adjusts the damping size of the hydraulic damper and the preload force of spring 2 through a fuzzy PID algorithm.

[0011] In the above implementation process, the data fusion of the hydraulic pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor can monitor the oil chamber pressure and vibration intensity in real time, provide multi-dimensional input for the fuzzy PID algorithm, and improve the adjustment accuracy. This makes it convenient to dynamically adjust the damping coefficient and spring preload according to the drilling depth, vibration frequency, and oil pressure changes during the actual drilling process, thereby achieving working condition adaptation of the shock absorption performance.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the hydraulic damper adopts a square design.

[0013] In the above implementation process, the square geometric shape makes the force transmission path clearer and more uniform when it is subjected to force. Compared with some irregular shapes, the square structure is not prone to twisting and deformation, and can better withstand external loads, so that it has better strength and rigidity in the main force direction, and can more effectively absorb and buffer energy in a specific direction, ensuring the stability of the damper's own structure, and thus stably exerting the damping function.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, when the micro motor drives gear 2 to rotate clockwise, gear 1 can drive the adjustment block to rotate counterclockwise upward. Conversely, when gear 2 rotates counterclockwise, gear 1 can drive the adjustment block to rotate clockwise downward.

[0015] In the above implementation process, the servo motor drives the connecting rod to rotate, and then drives gear two to rotate. Since gear one is engaged with gear two, when gear two rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, gear one can rotate in the opposite direction of gear two, thereby driving the adjustment block to stretch or compress spring two, thereby changing the preload force of spring two.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, a piston head is installed at the bottom end of the piston rod, and a one-way valve is built into the piston head.

[0017] In the above implementation process, the setting of the one-way valve can quickly replenish the oil during the rebound stage to avoid the cavity effect.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the protective sleeve and the spring sleeve are both made of high-elastic rubber, and the protective sleeve and the spring sleeve adopt a double-layer sealing design.

[0019] In the above implementation process, the high-elastic rubber has good elastic deformation ability. When the protective cover and the spring cover are impacted by external force, they can undergo elastic deformation like a spring, absorb and buffer vibration energy, and further assist the device to achieve shock absorption function. At the same time, the double-layer sealing design of the protective cover and the spring cover can effectively prevent coal dust, impurities, etc. from entering the interior of the device, reducing the impact of the working environment on components such as hydraulic dampers. At the same time, the rubber material can absorb and block the noise generated by vibration, reducing the impact of working noise on operators.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, the input variables of the fuzzy PID algorithm include vibration frequency, oil pressure, and drilling depth.

[0021] In the above implementation process, multi-variable input enables the fuzzy PID algorithm to obtain drilling rig working information from multiple dimensions, and can determine the adjustment parameters more accurately after comprehensive analysis. Compared with single variable control, it can significantly improve the accuracy of adjustment of hydraulic dampers and springs, making the shock absorption system more in line with actual working conditions and enhancing the environmental adaptability and working stability of the entire pressure reducing and shock absorption device.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the hydraulic damper and the spring form a series shock absorbing structure.

[0023] In the above implementation process, when the handheld drill generates vibration during operation, the vibration is first transmitted to the series structure composed of the hydraulic damper and the spring. The spring uses its own elasticity to deform, absorb and buffer part of the vibration energy, and convert the mechanical energy into elastic potential energy for storage. At the same time, the hydraulic damper uses the damping force generated by the flow of liquid inside it to hinder the transmission of vibration, convert the vibration energy into heat energy and dissipate it. By gradually attenuating the vibration intensity, a multi-level shock absorption effect is achieved. Compared with a single shock absorption element, it can consume vibration energy more fully, the shock absorption effect is more significant, and the shock absorption process is smoother.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, when the drilling depth is greater than 5 m, the damping coefficient is automatically increased by 0.1 for every 1 m of drilling depth.

[0025] In the above implementation process, adaptive adjustment is performed according to the drilling depth, and there is no need for frequent manual intervention to adjust the damping, which not only improves the operational convenience and work efficiency, but also improves the safety of drilling.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention suppresses axial impact force by closely cooperating components such as the drill rig section fixing plate, the protective sleeve, the drill rod section fixing plate, the hydraulic damper, the spring 1 and the spring sleeve, and fully consumes vibration energy through the designed series shock-absorbing structure. Compared with a single shock-absorbing element, the shock-absorbing effect is more significant and the shock-absorbing process is smoother, which can improve its shock-absorbing effect under different working conditions and is compatible with a variety of drilling rig models. At the same time, when the drilling rig is working, it can also reduce the ineffective energy loss caused by excessive vibration, so that the drilling rig energy can be used more for effective drilling operations, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and meeting the requirements of improving energy utilization efficiency, energy conservation and emission reduction in green development.

[0028] 2. The present invention integrates components such as seals, piston rods, adjustment blocks, spring 2, gears, and micro motors inside the hydraulic damper through this structure. The components cooperate with each other to realize dynamic adjustment of damping parameters in a limited space without occupying a large amount of additional space, making the structure of the entire handheld drill rig more compact. When drilling rocks of different hardness, the micro motor drives gear 2 to rotate, and the adjustment block is driven to rotate and move on the piston rod through gear 1, thereby changing the preload force of spring 2, and realizing precise adjustment of the damping size of the hydraulic damper. The damping parameters can be flexibly and accurately adjusted according to different working scenarios and drilling rig load conditions, so that the drilling rig can better adapt to working conditions, improve drilling efficiency and stability, and at the same time avoid the occurrence of drill sticking accidents caused by the inability to adjust the damping parameters.

[0029] 3. The present invention integrates multi-sensor real-time monitoring with intelligent algorithms, integrates sensors, microcontrollers and other components, reduces the size of the device, and can accurately sense changes in the working state of the drilling rig without adding additional devices. It can also quickly and accurately adjust the damping and preload according to different working conditions. Compared with the traditional fixed parameter adjustment method, it can better cope with vibrations under different working conditions. It can not only effectively improve the shock absorption and pressure reduction effect of the handheld drilling rig, improve operating comfort and equipment stability, but also reduce workers' muscle fatigue and reduce the risk of operators suffering from occupational diseases due to long-term exposure to vibration environments, and promote green development from the perspective of sustainable development of human resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of a hydraulic damper of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure of gear 1 and gear 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the planar assembly structure of the protective sleeve and the hydraulic damper of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the planar assembly structure of the spring 1 and the spring sleeve of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Drilling section fixing plate; 2. Protective cover; 3. Drill rod section fixing plate; 4. Hydraulic damper; 5. Spring 1; 6. Spring cover; 7. Seal; 8. Piston rod; 9. Threaded groove; 10. Adjustment block; 11. Gear 1; 12. Spring 2; 13. Micro motor; 14. Gear 2; 15. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides a pressure reducing and shock absorbing device for a handheld drilling rig, comprising a drilling rig section fixing plate 1, a protective sleeve 2 being installed on one outer wall of the drilling rig section fixing plate 1, a drill rod section fixing plate 3 being installed at one end of the protective sleeve 2, a hydraulic damper 4, a spring 5 and a spring sleeve 6 being installed on surfaces where the drilling rig section fixing plate 1 and the drill rod section fixing plate 3 are close to each other, and the spring sleeve 6 is located on the outside of the spring 5, the spring 5 is located on the outside of the protective sleeve 2, the hydraulic damper 4 is located on the inside of the protective sleeve 2, the protective sleeve 2 and the spring sleeve 6 are both made of high-elastic rubber, and the protective sleeve 2 and the spring sleeve 6 adopt a double-layer sealing design, and the hydraulic damper 4 and the spring 5 form a series shock absorbing structure.

[0038] Furthermore, the spring 15 is a large spring, which connects the drill section fixing plate 1 and the drill rod section fixing plate 3 respectively. The forward thrust during drilling is transmitted from the drill section fixing plate 1 to the drill rod section fixing plate 3 through the stretching and extrusion deformation of the spring 15. The spring sleeve 6 is wrapped around the spring 15 to reduce direct contact between the spring 15 and other metal parts, thereby reducing wear caused by friction, and also preventing direct damage to the spring 15 from the external environment.

[0039] The protective sleeve 2 and the spring sleeve 6 are both made of high-elasticity rubber and have a double-layer sealing design, which can effectively block impurities such as coal dust and debris, protect key components such as the internal hydraulic damper 4, and extend their service life. At the same time, the hydraulic damper 4 and the spring 1 5 form a series shock-absorbing structure. The two complement each other's advantages and can effectively cope with nonlinear vibrations in drilling operations such as hard rock impact or eccentric rotation of the drill rod, reduce muscle fatigue, improve drilling efficiency and reduce maintenance costs. The hydraulic damper 4 is good at absorbing high-frequency vibration energy, while the spring 1 5 can buffer low-frequency impact. The multi-stage and multi-mode attenuation vibration has a shock-absorbing effect that is significantly better than a single shock-absorbing element. The mutual cooperation between the various components can give full play to the advantages of different components in a limited space. The overall structure is compact, occupies little space, and is convenient for handheld drilling rig operation and carrying. At the same time, the double-layer sealing design of the protective sleeve 2 and the spring sleeve 6, in addition to dust prevention, also enhances the sealing of the device and prevents hydraulic oil leakage in the hydraulic damper 4. At the same time, the high-elasticity rubber material can absorb and block the noise generated by vibration, reduce the impact of working noise on operators, and improve the working environment.

[0040] The interior of the hydraulic damper 4 is provided with a seal 7 and a piston rod 8, and the piston rod 8 passes through the top center of the seal 7. The outer surface of the upper section of the piston rod 8 is provided with multiple sets of thread grooves 9. The outer surface of the piston rod 8 is provided with an adjustment block 10 and a spring 2 12, and the top and top of the spring 2 12 are respectively connected to the bottom of the adjustment block 10 and the top of the seal 7. The inner surface of the adjustment block 10 is adapted to the thread groove 9. The outer surface of the adjustment block 10 is installed with a gear 11. The top wall of the hydraulic damper 4 is detachably installed with a micro motor 13. The micro motor 13 is A connecting rod 15 is installed at the output end, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 15 is connected to the top of the seal 7 through a shaft. The outer surface of the connecting rod 15 is sleeved with gear 2 14, and gear 2 14 is engaged with gear 1 11. The hydraulic damper 4 adopts a square design. When the micro motor 13 drives gear 2 14 to rotate clockwise, gear 1 11 can drive the adjustment block 10 to rotate counterclockwise upward. Conversely, when gear 2 14 rotates counterclockwise, gear 1 11 can drive the adjustment block 10 to rotate clockwise downward. A piston head is installed at the bottom end of the piston rod 8, and the piston head has a built-in one-way valve.

[0041] Furthermore, the micro motor 13 rotates, driving the connecting rod 15 and the gear 2 14 sleeved on its outer surface to rotate. Since the gear 2 14 is meshed with the gear 1 11, the power can be transmitted to the adjusting block 10. Then, under the transmission of the gear 1 11 and the gear 2 14, the adjusting block 10 can rotate up and down along the piston rod 8. In the process of the adjusting block 10 rotating up and down, the spring 2 12 will be stretched or compressed, thereby changing the preload force of the spring 2 12. The change in the preload force of the spring 2 12 will affect the pressure distribution and resistance characteristics inside the hydraulic damper 4, thereby realizing dynamic adaptation of the damping parameters and adapting to the requirements of shock absorption and damping under different working conditions. At the same time, various components are integrated in the interior of the hydraulic damper 4, with a compact layout, a clear power transmission path, high transmission efficiency, and a complex damping adjustment function realized in a limited space, which is beneficial to the overall miniaturization design of the handheld drilling rig. In addition, the micro motor 13 on the top wall of the hydraulic damper 4 can be detachably installed. When the motor or related components fail, it is convenient to disassemble, repair and replace, reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0042] A hydraulic pressure sensor is installed at the oil inlet of the hydraulic damper 4 to monitor the pressure in the oil chamber. The hydraulic pressure sensor interacts with the acceleration sensor and microcontroller installed on the drilling rig. The microcontroller dynamically adjusts the damping size of the hydraulic damper 4 and the preload force of the spring 2 12 through the fuzzy PID algorithm. The input variables of the fuzzy PID algorithm include vibration frequency, oil pressure and drilling depth. When the drilling depth is greater than 5m, the damping coefficient is automatically increased by 0.1 for every 1m of depth.

[0043] Furthermore, the vibration frequency will be different in different working scenarios and drilling rig states. When the handheld drill rig drills surrounding rocks of different hardness and softness, the vibration frequency will change. Using it as an input variable can allow the fuzzy PID algorithm to quickly respond and adjust the control parameters according to the real-time vibration frequency, so that the hydraulic damper 4 and spring 2 12 can better adapt to the vibration state of the drilling rig, effectively attenuate vibration, and improve the shock absorption effect. The oil pressure reflects the internal working state of the hydraulic damper 4. The change in oil pressure means the changing trend of the damping force. By monitoring the oil pressure, the fuzzy PID algorithm can accurately judge the current damping performance of the hydraulic damper 4, and then dynamically adjust the damping size of the hydraulic damper 4 to ensure that it can provide appropriate damping force under different working conditions and stably realize the shock absorption function. At the same time, as the drilling depth increases, the resistance and rock stress to the drilling rig will change. The fuzzy PID algorithm can predict the changes in the working state of the drilling rig in advance according to the changes in the drilling depth, and timely adjust the preload of the spring 2 12 and the damping size of the hydraulic damper 4 to ensure that the shock absorption and pressure reduction can be effectively achieved during the entire drilling process to avoid the occurrence of drill jams. When the drilling depth is greater than 5m, the damping coefficient is automatically increased by 0.1 for every 1m of drilling depth. This adaptive adjustment function based on the drilling depth does not require frequent manual intervention, so that the shock absorption device can better adapt to different working conditions. It can not only ensure the drilling accuracy and equipment stability, but also avoid the fatigue failure of the spring 1 5 or the spring 2 12 due to the reaction force in a single mode under different working conditions by dynamically switching the damping parameters, thereby improving the service life and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0044] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: the upper joint of the prefabricated pressure reducing and shock absorbing device drilling rig segment fixing plate 1 is installed on the corresponding position of the drilling rig, and the reliability of the connection part is checked. Then, the lower joint of the prefabricated drill rod segment fixing plate 3 is installed on the corresponding position of the drill rod, and the reliability of the connection part is checked.

[0045] The main transmission of the forward thrust during the drilling process is achieved through the stretching and extrusion deformation of the spring 15. Different types of springs 5 can be selected for use according to actual production needs on site. When the spring 15 is compressed, the piston in the hydraulic damper 4 moves to allow oil to flow through. This process absorbs and disperses the impact force. When the spring 15 reaches the maximum extrusion deformation and begins to rebound, the hydraulic damper 4 can control the flow of oil, provide necessary resistance, and slowly restore to its original state. In addition, during use, the microcontroller installed on the drilling rig can collect the working status of the drilling rig and automatically start the micro motor 13 according to the vibration amplitude of the drilling rig, and drive the gear 11 to rotate through the gear 2 14, so that the adjustment block 10 can drive the spring 2 12 to stretch or compress, change the preload force of the spring 2 12, and dynamically adapt the damping parameters according to the hardness of the rock.

[0046] In drilling across multiple intersecting faults, rock formation mutations are frequently encountered, leading to drill bit jamming and severe vibration. The controller can dynamically switch parameters based on the vibration spectrum to improve its shock absorption effect under different working conditions. It can also avoid spring fatigue failure or drill jamming caused by different reaction forces in a single mode under different working conditions, thereby improving drilling efficiency.

[0047] When the drilling work is completed, stop the drilling machine, wait for the spring 5 to rebound to the normal state, and then untie the upper joint of the device and the upper joint of the drill rod in turn.

[0048] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drilling rig, comprising a drilling rig section fixing plate (1), characterized in that: A protective sleeve (2) is installed on one outer wall of the drilling rig section fixing plate (1), and a drill rod section fixing plate (3) is installed on one end of the protective sleeve (2). A hydraulic damper (4), a spring (5) and a spring sleeve (6) are installed on surfaces of the drilling rig section fixing plate (1) and the drill rod section fixing plate (3) that are close to each other, and the spring sleeve (6) is located on the outside of the spring (5), the spring (5) is located on the outside of the protective sleeve (2), and the hydraulic damper (4) is located on the inside of the protective sleeve (2).

2. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper (4) is provided with a seal (7) and a piston rod (8), and the piston rod (8) passes through the top center of the seal (7), and the outer surface of the upper section of the piston rod (8) is provided with multiple sets of thread grooves (9), and the outer surface of the piston rod (8) is provided with an adjustment block (10) and a spring 2 (12), and the top and the top of the spring 2 (12) are respectively connected to the bottom of the adjustment block (10) and the top of the seal (7), and the adjustment block (10) is provided with a plurality of thread grooves (9). The inner surface is adapted to the thread groove (9), the outer surface of the regulating block (10) is mounted with a gear 1 (11), the top wall of the hydraulic damper (4) is detachably mounted with a micro motor (13), the output end of the micro motor (13) is mounted with a connecting rod (15), and the bottom end of the connecting rod (15) is connected to the top of the sealing member (7) through a shaft, the outer surface of the connecting rod (15) is sleeved with a gear 2 (14), and the gear 2 (14) is meshed with the gear 1 (11).

3. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hydraulic pressure sensor is installed at the oil inlet of the hydraulic damper (4) for monitoring the pressure in the oil chamber. The hydraulic pressure sensor interacts with an acceleration sensor and a microcontroller installed on the drilling rig. The microcontroller dynamically adjusts the damping size of the hydraulic damper (4) and the preload force of the spring 2 (12) through a fuzzy PID algorithm.

4. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper (4) adopts a square design.

5. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the micro motor (13) drives the second gear (14) to rotate clockwise, the first gear (11) can drive the regulating block (10) to rotate counterclockwise upward. Conversely, when the second gear (14) rotates counterclockwise, the first gear (11) can drive the regulating block (10) to rotate clockwise downward.

6. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston head is installed at the bottom end of the piston rod (8), and a one-way valve is built into the piston head.

7. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective sleeve (2) and the spring sleeve (6) are both made of highly elastic rubber, and the protective sleeve (2) and the spring sleeve (6) adopt a double-layer sealing design.

8. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The input variables of the fuzzy PID algorithm include vibration frequency, oil pressure and drilling depth.

9. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper (4) and spring one (5) form a series shock-absorbing structure.

10. The decompression and shock absorption device for a handheld drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the drilling depth is greater than 5m, the damping coefficient will automatically increase by 0.1 for every 1m of drilling depth.

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