Mining method for medium-thickness ore body

Abstract

The invention provides a mining method for a medium-thickness ore body, which relates to the technical field of mining methods, and comprises the following modular processes: precise division of three-dimensional ore blocks: based on three-dimensional modeling data of the ore body, arranging segmented haulage roadways along the trend at an interval of 8-12m, dividing stoping units according to the height of 4-8m in the vertical direction, adopting a horizontal staggered distance of 5-10m for adjacent segments, and adopting a horizontal staggered distance of 5-10m for each segment; a stepped stope face is formed; a stone clamping layer in an ore body is reserved during stoping, the resource utilization efficiency is improved, the ore loss is remarkably reduced through a dynamic ore pillar reserving and local caving collaborative process, meanwhile, surrounding rock mixing is reduced through a presplitting blasting technology, the high-grade ore mining purity is improved, the scene adaptability is enhanced, and the mining efficiency is improved. The limitation of a traditional process on ore rock stability and an ore body form is broken through, medium-stability ore rocks and inclined, multilayer and irregular medium-thickness ore bodies can be efficiently mined, and the application range of mining of non-metal ores is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mining methods, and more specifically, relates to a mining method for a medium-thick ore body. Background Art

[0002] In the field of underground non-metallic mining, the mining of medium-thick ore bodies (3 to 15 meters thick) faces the following core issues:

[0003] Insufficient adaptability of traditional technology:

[0004] Open-stop method: The full-stop mining method is only applicable to ore bodies with a thickness of less than 5m, and the ore loss rate is as high as 15% to 20%. The room-and-pillar method requires the ore rock stability f ≥ 8, which is difficult to cope with scenarios with moderately stable surrounding rock (f = 4-7) (such as limestone and fluorite).

[0005] Collapse method: The pillarless staged caving method requires an ore body thickness greater than 15m, and the depletion rate of non-metallic minerals is likely to exceed 10% (for example, gypsum ore mixed with the surrounding rock causes the grade to decrease); the staged caving method cannot control surface subsidence and is not suitable for ecologically sensitive areas.

[0006] Filling method: The cost of cementitious filling is high (cement accounts for 10% to 15%), the dry filling transportation efficiency is low, and the economic efficiency is poor for low-grade non-metallic minerals (such as building materials minerals).

[0007] Low degree of intelligence: The existing process relies on manual experience to adjust parameters. The rock drilling accuracy (error > 10cm), blasting effect (large block rate > 15%) and ground pressure control (delayed response > 24h) are difficult to meet the needs of safe and efficient mining.

[0008] Environmental protection and safety pressure: Non-metallic mines are mostly located in hilly or plain areas, and surface subsidence control requirements are strict (such as ≤30mm). Traditional processes make it difficult to balance resource recovery rate and ecological protection. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a mining method for a medium-thick ore body to solve the above problems.

[0010] A mining method for medium-thick ore bodies includes the following modular processes: precise 3D ore block division: Based on the 3D modeling data of the ore body, segmented transportation tunnels are arranged at intervals of 8 to 12 meters along the strike direction, and mining units are divided vertically at heights of 4 to 8 meters. Adjacent segments are horizontally staggered by 5 to 10 meters to form a stepped mining face; dynamic support system construction: primary ore pillar retention: During mining, the interbedded rock layer (thickness ≥ 1.5 meters) and natural rock pillars inside the ore body are retained at intervals of 6 to 10 meters, with a single pillar cross-sectional area ≥ 4m 2 ;

[0011] Waste rock cushion layer laying: 1-3m thick waste rock (particle size 20-200mm) is laid on the bottom plate of the mining section, and compacted layer by layer using a vibrating compactor with a compaction coefficient of ≥0.92;

[0012] Cemented pillar construction: In the area with a span of more than 10m in the empty area, waste rock-cement (mass ratio 8:1) is used to cast artificial pillars with a cross-sectional size of 2m×3m and a compressive strength of ≥18MPa;

[0013] Multimodal intelligent mine landing:

[0014] Highly stable ore bodies (f≥6): Use medium-long hole intelligent rock drilling rigs to construct fan-shaped blastholes (aperture 60-80mm, hole depth 5-12m), equipped with a micro-difference blasting system (interval 50-100ms, single-stage charge ≤300kg), and a blasthole arrangement density of 1.2-1.5 holes / m 2 ;

[0015] Moderately stable ore body (f = 4-5): Use air-leg rock drill to construct shallow holes (hole depth 2-3m), with layered ore drop thickness ≤ 1.5m, retain a temporary top layer of 0.5-0.8m, and use anchor support (Φ22mm, length 2.5m, spacing 1.5m×1.5m);

[0016] Coordinated control of surrounding rock: Pre-splitting blasting is carried out on the surrounding rock of the ore body (2-3m away from the ore body boundary), using uncoupled charge (charge coefficient 0.3-0.5) and blasthole density 1.5-2.0 / m 2 , inducing the formation of a 2 to 5 m thick collapse buffer layer, and the loose coefficient of the blast pile is controlled at 1.4-1.6.

[0017] The segmented roadway system includes:

[0018] Main transport lane: width 4.5-5.5m, slope ≤12°, using shotcrete support (concrete strength C25, thickness 100mm), with double-track transport lines and air and water pipelines;

[0019] Branch mining tunnel: width 3.5 ~ 4.5m, arranged every 8 ~ 15m along the ore body, with an angle of 60 ° -75 ° with the main tunnel, equipped with independent ventilation system (air volume ≥ 20m 3 / s) and dust concentration sensor (threshold ≤ 2mg / m 3 ), the ore-extraction process adopts an intelligent logistics system:

[0020] Front loading: Electric scraper (bucket capacity 3~5m 3 ) Equipped with a laser radar obstacle avoidance system to achieve automatic navigation transportation from the stope to the chute, with a single transportation cycle of ≤8 minutes;

[0021] Mid-stage transfer: The vibrating ore-feeding machine (processing capacity 600t / h) and the belt conveyor (speed 2.5-3.5m / s) are controlled in a linked manner, and the ore-feeding rate is adjusted in real time through the material level sensor;

[0022] Shaft hoisting: The main shaft is equipped with an intelligent skip (load capacity 25-35t), using PLC-controlled variable frequency speed regulation, with a hoisting efficiency of ≥1500t / h. The ground pressure monitoring and early warning system includes:

[0023] Multi-dimensional monitoring network:

[0024] Roof displacement: Laser displacement meters (accuracy ±0.1mm) are arranged at intervals of 8 to 12m to monitor vertical and horizontal displacement in real time;

[0025] Stress field: Vibrating wire stress gauges (accuracy ±0.05MPa) are embedded in the contact zone between the pillars and the surrounding rock to monitor principal stress changes;

[0026] Microseismic monitoring: 6-8 seismic sensors are placed on the upper and lower walls of the ore body to locate the source of rock fracture (error ≤ 5m);

[0027] Intelligent early warning mechanism: Set three levels of warning thresholds (yellow: displacement growth rate ≥ 2mm / d, stress increase ≥ 15%; orange: growth rate ≥ 5mm / d, increase ≥ 25%; red: growth rate ≥ 10mm / d, increase ≥ 40%). The emergency collapse program is automatically triggered when a red warning is issued. It also includes a dynamic optimization module for mining parameters:

[0028] Based on the ore body grade distribution (updated in real time through drilling data), the size of the mine room and pillars are intelligently adjusted: the span of the mine room in the high-grade area is reduced to 6-8m, and the width of the pillars is increased to 4-5m;

[0029] According to the blasting vibration monitoring data (speed ≤ 1.5cm / s), the micro-difference interval time (accuracy ± 5ms) and charging structure are automatically optimized.

[0030] Intelligent mining system, including:

[0031] Intelligent rock drilling subsystem: The crawler-type rock drilling rig (positioning accuracy ±30mm) integrates an AI-powered hole-placement algorithm, automatically adjusts the blasthole angle (error ≤ 1°) based on the degree of fracture development in the ore body, and is equipped with a dry dust removal device (efficiency ≥ 98%).

[0032] Unmanned transport subsystem: The electric scraper fleet is equipped with 5G remote control and SLAM autonomous navigation, supports multi-vehicle collaborative obstacle avoidance (minimum safe distance 2m), and has a battery life of ≥8 hours;

[0033] Filling preparation subsystem: mobile crushing and screening station (processing capacity 300t / h), which can process large waste rocks into particle size ≤100mm, and equipped with fully automatic concrete mixing station (capacity 50m3 / h);

[0034] Ground pressure monitoring cloud platform: collects monitoring data in real time through the IoT gateway, uses machine learning models to predict roof stability (accuracy ≥ 90%), and links with the blasting system to achieve active ground pressure control.

[0035] The intelligent drilling rig is equipped with an adaptive propulsion system that automatically adjusts the drilling speed (20-50 cm / min) according to the rock hardness (f-value), reducing energy consumption by 15%-20%. It is suitable for the following non-metallic mining scenarios:

[0036] Limestone ore: The ore body has an inclination of 20°-50°, a thickness of 5-12m, and a Proctor coefficient of f=5-8. It is used for cement raw material mining.

[0037] Fluorite mine: The ore body is distributed in vein form, with a thickness of 4-9m, and the hanging wall surrounding rock f=4-6. The surface needs to be protected (such as farmland and residential areas);

[0038] Marble ore: thickness 6-15m, inclination 30°-60°, used for building material mining, requiring low dilution rate (≤5%), mining operation:

[0039] When mining thicker areas (>8m), medium-deep hole drilling is used;

[0040] Deal with ground pressure monitoring and early warning areas, local collapse or reinforcement support;

[0041] Recover high-grade ore sections and reduce the size of ore pillars. The delay time between the pre-splitting blasting and the main blasting hole is controlled at 50-100ms to ensure that the pre-splitting surface is formed before the main blasting area, reducing damage to the retained ore body (damage depth ≤ 0.5m).

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] Resource utilization efficiency is improved. Through the coordinated process of dynamic pillar retention and local collapse, ore loss is significantly reduced. At the same time, pre-splitting blasting technology is used to reduce the mixing of surrounding rocks and improve the purity of high-grade ore mining.

[0044] The scenario adaptability is enhanced, breaking through the limitations of traditional technologies on the stability of mineral rocks and the shape of ore bodies. It can efficiently mine medium-stability mineral rocks and inclined, multi-layered, irregular medium-thick ore bodies, and expand the scope of application of non-metallic mineral mining.

[0045] Safety performance is enhanced, and the dynamic support system is combined with ground pressure monitoring technology to effectively reduce the stress on the roof of the empty area, and simultaneously control surface subsidence through local collapse, significantly improving the safety of mining operations and ecological protection.

[0046] Mining costs are optimized by recycling waste rock and precisely supporting key areas, significantly reducing filling volume and support costs; intelligent equipment improves mining efficiency, shortens operation cycles and reduces the frequency of manual intervention.

[0047] Green and intelligent upgrades: 5G remote control and intelligent hole layout technologies are used to reduce underground manpower, fully utilize waste rock, and control dust and noise, enabling the transformation of non-metallic mineral mining to green and intelligent mining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a mining process flow chart of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the mining operation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0051] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The present invention provides a method for mining a medium-thick ore body, comprising the following modular processes:

[0052] Precise 3D ore Block Division: Based on 3D ore body modeling data, segmented transport tunnels are arranged at intervals of 8 to 12 meters along the strike direction. Mining units are divided vertically at heights of 4 to 8 meters. Adjacent segments are horizontally staggered by 5 to 10 meters to form a stepped mining face.

[0053] Dynamic support system construction:

[0054] Preservation of primary pillars: During mining, retain the interbedded rock layer (thickness ≥ 1.5m) and natural rock pillars inside the ore body, with a spacing of 6 to 10m and a single pillar cross-sectional area of ≥ 4m 2 ;

[0055] Waste rock cushion layer laying: 1-3m thick waste rock (particle size 20-200mm) is laid on the bottom plate of the mining section, and compacted layer by layer using a vibrating compactor with a compaction coefficient of ≥0.92;

[0056] Cemented pillar construction: In the area with a span of more than 10m in the empty area, waste rock-cement (mass ratio 8:1) is used to cast artificial pillars with a cross-sectional size of 2m×3m and a compressive strength of ≥18MPa;

[0057] Multimodal intelligent mine landing:

[0058] Highly stable ore bodies (f≥6): Use medium-long hole intelligent rock drilling rigs to construct fan-shaped blastholes (aperture 60-80mm, hole depth 5-12m), equipped with a micro-difference blasting system (interval 50-100ms, single-stage charge ≤300kg), and a blasthole arrangement density of 1.2-1.5 holes / m 2 ;

[0059] Moderately stable ore body (f = 4-5): Use air-leg rock drill to construct shallow holes (hole depth 2-3m), with layered ore drop thickness ≤ 1.5m, retain a temporary top layer of 0.5-0.8m, and use anchor support (Φ22mm, length 2.5m, spacing 1.5m×1.5m);

[0060] Coordinated control of surrounding rock: Pre-splitting blasting is carried out on the surrounding rock of the ore body (2-3m away from the ore body boundary), using uncoupled charge (charge coefficient 0.3-0.5) and blasthole density of 1.5-2.0 / m 2 , inducing the formation of a 2 to 5 m thick collapse buffer layer, and the loose coefficient of the blast pile is controlled at 1.4-1.6.

[0061] The segmented roadway system includes:

[0062] Main transport lane: width 4.5-5.5m, slope ≤12°, using shotcrete support (concrete strength C25, thickness 100mm), with double-track transport lines and air and water pipelines;

[0063] Branch mining tunnel: width 3.5 ~ 4.5m, arranged every 8 ~ 15m along the ore body, with an angle of 60 ° -75 ° with the main tunnel, equipped with independent ventilation system (air volume ≥ 20m 3 / s) and dust concentration sensor (threshold ≤ 2mg / m 3 ), the ore-extraction process adopts an intelligent logistics system:

[0064] Front loading: Electric scraper (bucket capacity 3~5m 3 ) Equipped with a laser radar obstacle avoidance system to achieve automatic navigation transportation from the stope to the chute, with a single transportation cycle of ≤8 minutes;

[0065] Mid-stage transfer: The vibrating ore-feeding machine (processing capacity 600t / h) and the belt conveyor (speed 2.5-3.5m / s) are controlled in a linked manner, and the ore-feeding rate is adjusted in real time through the material level sensor;

[0066] Shaft hoisting: The main shaft is equipped with an intelligent skip (load capacity 25-35t), using PLC-controlled variable frequency speed regulation, with a hoisting efficiency of ≥1500t / h. The ground pressure monitoring and early warning system includes:

[0067] Multi-dimensional monitoring network:

[0068] Roof displacement: Laser displacement meters (accuracy ±0.1mm) are arranged at intervals of 8 to 12m to monitor vertical and horizontal displacement in real time;

[0069] Stress field: Vibrating wire stress gauges (accuracy ±0.05MPa) are embedded in the contact zone between the pillars and the surrounding rock to monitor principal stress changes;

[0070] Microseismic monitoring: 6 to 8 seismic sensors are placed on the upper and lower walls of the ore body to locate the source of rock fracture (error ≤ 5m);

[0071] Intelligent early warning mechanism: Set three levels of warning thresholds (yellow: displacement growth rate ≥ 2mm / d, stress increase ≥ 15%; orange: growth rate ≥ 5mm / d, increase ≥ 25%; red: growth rate ≥ 10mm / d, increase ≥ 40%). The emergency collapse program is automatically triggered when a red warning is issued. It also includes a dynamic optimization module for mining parameters:

[0072] Based on the ore body grade distribution (updated in real time through drilling data), the size of the mine room and pillars are intelligently adjusted: the span of the mine room in the high-grade area is reduced to 6-8m, and the width of the pillars is increased to 4-5m;

[0073] According to the blasting vibration monitoring data (speed ≤ 1.5cm / s), the micro-difference interval time (accuracy ± 5ms) and charging structure are automatically optimized.

[0074] Intelligent mining system, including:

[0075] Intelligent rock drilling subsystem: The crawler-type rock drilling rig (positioning accuracy ±30mm) integrates an AI-powered hole-placement algorithm, automatically adjusts the blasthole angle (error ≤ 1°) based on the degree of fracture development in the ore body, and is equipped with a dry dust removal device (efficiency ≥ 98%).

[0076] Unmanned transport subsystem: The electric scraper fleet is equipped with 5G remote control and SLAM autonomous navigation, supports multi-vehicle collaborative obstacle avoidance (minimum safe distance 2m), and has a battery life of ≥8 hours;

[0077] Filling preparation subsystem: mobile crushing and screening station (processing capacity 300t / h), which can process large waste rocks into particle size ≤100mm, and equipped with fully automatic concrete mixing station (capacity 50m 3 / h);

[0078] Ground pressure monitoring cloud platform: collects monitoring data in real time through the IoT gateway, uses machine learning models to predict roof stability (accuracy ≥ 90%), and links with the blasting system to achieve active ground pressure control.

[0079] The intelligent drilling rig is equipped with an adaptive propulsion system that automatically adjusts the drilling speed (20-50 cm / min) according to the rock hardness (f-value), reducing energy consumption by 15%-20%. It is suitable for the following non-metallic mining scenarios:

[0080] Limestone ore: The ore body has an inclination of 20°-50°, a thickness of 5-12m, and a Proctor coefficient of f=5-8. It is used for cement raw material mining.

[0081] Fluorite mine: The ore body is distributed in vein form, with a thickness of 4-9m, and the hanging wall surrounding rock f=4-6. The surface needs to be protected (such as farmland and residential areas);

[0082] Marble ore: thickness 6-15m, inclination 30°-60°, used for building material mining, requiring low dilution rate (≤5%), mining operation:

[0083] When mining thicker areas (>8m), medium-deep hole drilling is used;

[0084] Deal with ground pressure monitoring and early warning areas, local collapse or reinforcement support;

[0085] Recover high-grade ore sections and reduce the size of ore pillars. The delay time between the pre-splitting blasting and the main blasting hole is controlled at 50-100ms to ensure that the pre-splitting surface is formed before the main blasting area, reducing damage to the retained ore body (damage depth ≤ 0.5m).

[0086] Working principle:

[0087] 3D ore block division and mining logic segmentation design: Based on the ore body inclination (α) and thickness (H), the segment height (h) is calculated using the formula: (n is the number of sections, usually 3-5, to ensure that the mining face inclination is ≤45° to facilitate equipment operation.) Staggered mining: The upper and lower sections are staggered by 5-10m to form a stepped working face, avoiding vertical stress concentration and facilitating the natural filling of the lower stope by the surrounding rock collapse in the upper void.

[0088] Multimodal mine fall and blasting control:

[0089] Medium and deep hole ore dropping:

[0090] Blast hole arrangement: fan-shaped blast hole arrangement spacing is 1.2-1.5m, and the side hole angle is 30°-45° to ensure the neat boundary of the ore body;

[0091] Blasting parameters: reverse detonation at the bottom of the hole, explosive consumption of 0.4-0.6 kg / m 3 , large block rate (>500mm) ≤8%.

[0092] Shallow hole mining:

[0093] The layer height is 1.5 to 2m, the blastholes are arranged in a plum blossom shape, the hole spacing is 1.0 to 1.2m, and the row spacing is 0.8 to 1.0m;

[0094] Micro-differential extrusion blasting is adopted, and the top layer of ore is used as a buffer medium to reduce the harm of flying rocks.

[0095] Principle of coordinated ground pressure control

[0096] Pre-splitting blasting mechanism: By detonating the pre-splitting hole 50-100ms ahead of the main blasting hole, a continuous and through fracture surface (width 2-5mm) is formed, which blocks the main blast stress wave from propagating to the surrounding rock and reduces the vibration speed by 30%-40%.

[0097] Stress transfer effect: collapse surrounding rock buffer layer (density 2.2 ~ 2.5t / m 3 ) Through self-weight compaction, the stress of the roof of the empty area is transferred to the two sides of the ore body, reducing the stress in the core mining area by 40% to 60%.

[0098] Example 1: Intelligent open-site mining of limestone ore (highly stable ore body, f=7)

[0099] Core parameters:

[0100] The segment height is 8m, the span of the mine room is 12m, the depth of the medium-long hole is 10m, and the micro-difference interval is 75ms;

[0101] The density of the original stone pillars is 4 per 100 m2, and the thickness of the waste rock cushion is 1 m.

[0102] Process highlights: The AI hole placement algorithm is used to optimize blasthole angles, reducing the large-block rate to 6%; unmanned scrapers automate the entire process from the stope to the chute, with a transportation efficiency of 300t / h.

[0103] Effect indicators: loss rate 8.2%, depletion rate 4.5%, surface subsidence 22mm, cost per ton of ore 85 yuan.

[0104] Example 2: Fluorite Mine Open-Stop-Cavitation Coordinated Mining (Medium Stable Surrounding Rock, f=5)

[0105] Core parameters:

[0106] The segment height is 6m, the span of the mine room is 8m, the shallow hole depth is 2.5m, and the pre-splitting hole depth is 12m;

[0107] The spacing between cemented ore pillars is 8m, the thickness of the waste rock cushion is 2m, and the thickness of the pre-splitting blasting induced collapse is 4m.

[0108] Process highlights: Microseismic monitoring locates rock fracture points, triggering emergency collapse to eliminate stress concentration; waste rock is crushed on-site at the filling station, reducing the cost of cemented pillar preparation by 25%.

[0109] Effect indicators: loss rate 10.5%, depletion rate 5.8%, ground pressure warning response time 3 minutes, cost per ton of ore 98 yuan.

[0110] Example 3: Low-diluted marble mining (ore body crushing, f=4)

[0111] Core parameters:

[0112] The segment height is 5m, the span of the mine room is 6m, the thickness of the shallow hole layered ore is 1.2m, and the anchor density is 2.2 pieces / m 2 ;

[0113] Use backward mining, fill empty areas with waste rock in time, and the filling strength should be ≥10MPa.

[0114] Process highlights: The pillar size is adjusted through dynamic grade monitoring, and the width of the pillars in the high-grade area is increased to 5m; the vibrating ore drawer is linked with the belt conveyor to control the depletion rate at 3.2%.

[0115] Effect indicators: loss rate 11.8%, depletion rate 3.2%, resource recovery rate increased by 18%, and cost per ton of ore 112 yuan.

[0116] The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications as suited for specific applications.

Claims

1. A mining method for a medium-thick ore body, characterized in that include: (a) Step-type stope division: segmented tunnels are arranged at intervals of 8 to 12 m along the strike of the ore body, and mining units are divided vertically at heights of 4 to 8 m. Adjacent segments are horizontally staggered by 5 to 10 m. (b) Composite support system: retain the natural interbedded rock layer (thickness ≥ 1.5m) in the ore body as permanent pillars, lay a compacted waste rock cushion layer (thickness 1-3m) on the stope floor, and cast waste rock-cement artificial pillars (compressive strength ≥ 18MPa) in areas with a span greater than 10m; (c) Differentiated ore drop: Highly stable ore body (f≥6): adopt fan-shaped medium-deep hole micro-difference blasting (hole depth 5-12m, single-stage charge ≤300kg); Moderately stable ore body (f = 4-5): shallow hole layered ore removal (thickness ≤ 1.5m), retaining 0.5-0.8m top layer and applying anchor support; (d) Coordinated control of surrounding rock: Pre-splitting blasting is carried out on the upper wall surrounding rock to form a collapse buffer layer (thickness 2 to 5m).

2. A method for mining a medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segmented roadway system includes a main transport roadway (4.5-5.5m wide) and a branch mining roadway (3.5-4.5m wide). The angle between the branch roadway and the main roadway is 60°-75°, and is equipped with an independent ventilation system (air volume ≥ 20m 3 / s).

3. A method for mining a medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ore is unloaded using an intelligent logistics system, including automatic navigation and transportation by electric scrapers, linkage control of vibrating ore unloaders and belt conveyors, and intelligent skip hoisting.

4. A method for mining a medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Set up a ground pressure monitoring network (laser displacement meter + strain meter + microseismic monitoring) to issue graded warnings and trigger emergency measures based on the displacement / stress growth rate.

5. A method for mining a medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the mine chambers and pillars is dynamically optimized based on the ore body grade. The span of the mine chambers in the high-grade area is reduced to 6-8m, and the width of the pillars is increased to 4-5m.

6. An intelligent mining system for the method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that: include: Intelligent rock drilling rig (with AI hole placement algorithm and dust removal device); Unmanned electric scraper fleet (supporting collaborative obstacle avoidance); Integrated equipment for waste rock processing and filling preparation; Ground pressure monitoring cloud platform (predicts roof stability and coordinates regulation).

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Applicable to non-metallic mineral mining: Limestone ore: dip angle 20°-50°, thickness 5-12m, f=5-8; Fluorite ore: thickness 4 to 9m, requiring surface protection; Marble ore: thickness 6 to 15m, depletion rate required ≤5%.

8. A method for mining a medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mining operation includes: In areas with thickness greater than 8m, medium-deep hole mining is adopted; Implement local collapse or support reinforcement in ground pressure warning areas; Reduce the size of the ore pillars in high-grade ore sections.

9. A method for mining a medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-splitting blasting is detonated 50-100ms before the main blasting area, so that the damage depth of the retained ore body is ≤0.5m.

10. Application of the method according to claim 1 in non-metallic mines, wherein the delay time between the pre-splitting blasting and the main blasting hole is controlled at 50-100 ms to ensure that the pre-splitting surface is formed before the main blasting area, thereby reducing damage to the retained ore body (damage depth ≤ 0.5 m).

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