Engine hydrogen supply system, control method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an engine hydrogen supply system, a control method and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen engines, the system comprises a hydrogen tank, a first branch and a second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are connected with the hydrogen tank. The first branch is provided with a hydrogen rail and a hydrogen nozzle, and an outlet of the hydrogen rail is connected with a gas inlet of the hydrogen nozzle. The second branch is sequentially provided with a first control valve, an adsorption tank and a second control valve, one end of the second branch is connected with the hydrogen tank, and the other end of the second branch is connected with the engine cylinder. The adsorption tank has an adsorption mode and a desorption mode. And when the engine stops each time, the hydrogen tank closes hydrogen output, the first control valve is opened, the second control valve is closed, and the adsorption tank starts an adsorption mode. When the engine is started every time, the hydrogen tank opens hydrogen output, the first control valve is closed, the second control valve is opened, and the adsorption tank starts a desorption mode. According to the system, the hydrogen supply system of the engine can be safely decompressed when the engine is shut down, and the safety problem when the engine is shut down is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of hydrogen engines, and particularly relates to an engine hydrogen supply system, a control method, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is a commonly used zero-carbon fuel for engines. It's widely available and can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions from engines. However, due to its physical and chemical properties, such as low ignition energy and wide flammability limits, hydrogen is prone to safety issues during use.

[0003] According to related technologies, when a vehicle equipped with a hydrogen engine is in operation, even a minor leak in an open environment will quickly be diluted by air to a safe concentration (below 4%), posing no safety risk. However, once a vehicle equipped with a hydrogen engine is shut down, if the hydrogen pressure within the hydrogen supply system is not relieved, some hydrogen will remain in the pipes between the hydrogen tank and the hydrogen nozzle, as well as in the hydrogen rails. If this hydrogen is not properly handled, it will pose a safety hazard of accumulation and explosion due to hydrogen release when the vehicle is parked in a garage. This safety risk is particularly increased when parking in a sealed space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides an engine hydrogen supply system, a control method and a vehicle, aiming to at least to some extent solve the technical problem in related technologies that the possible leakage of engine hydrogen during parking is not fully considered, resulting in a high safety risk in use.

[0005] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine hydrogen supply system, comprising: a hydrogen tank storing hydrogen; a first branch connected to the hydrogen tank, the first branch being provided with a hydrogen rail and a hydrogen nozzle disposed at the engine cylinder, and the outlet of the hydrogen rail being connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen nozzle; a second branch different from the first branch and connected to the hydrogen tank, the second branch being provided with a first control valve, an adsorption tank, and a second control valve in sequence, one end of the second branch being connected to the hydrogen tank, and the other end of the second branch being connected to the engine cylinder; The adsorption tank has an adsorption mode and a desorption mode. Each time the engine is stopped, the hydrogen tank closes its hydrogen output, the first control valve is opened and the second control valve is closed, and the adsorption tank starts the adsorption mode. Each time the engine is started, the hydrogen tank opens its hydrogen output, the first control valve is closed and the second control valve is opened, and the adsorption tank starts the desorption mode.

[0006] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine hydrogen supply system further comprising: A hydrogen supply system controller, the hydrogen supply system controller is provided with an engine shutdown pressure relief mode and an engine shutdown restart mode, wherein, in the engine shutdown pressure relief mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the hydrogen tank to close its hydrogen output, the first control valve to open and the second control valve to close, and the adsorption tank to start the adsorption mode, so that the residual hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system enters the adsorption tank through the first control valve for storage, and, in the engine shutdown restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the hydrogen tank to open its hydrogen output, the first control valve to close and the second control valve to open, and the adsorption tank to start the desorption mode, so that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank is released to the engine cylinder for combustion.

[0007] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine hydrogen supply system further comprising: a first control valve assembly, which is disposed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen tank and integrates a pressure relief valve and a third control valve, and a control end of the first control valve assembly is connected to the hydrogen supply system controller; In which, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to open the pressure relief valve to adjust the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank to a pre-set specified range when it recognizes that the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank exceeds a set threshold, and to control the hydrogen tank to open or close its hydrogen output through the third control valve.

[0008] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine hydrogen supply system further comprising: a second control valve assembly, which is arranged between the first control valve assembly and the hydrogen rail on the first branch, integrates a pressure regulating valve and a fourth control valve, and a control end of the second control valve assembly is connected to the hydrogen supply system controller; The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to adjust the state of the pressure regulating valve based on the required power of the engine after the engine is started, and to control the hydrogen nozzle to start or stop injecting hydrogen through the fourth control valve.

[0009] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine hydrogen supply system further comprising: A hydrogen pump, the hydrogen pump being disposed between the first control valve and the adsorption tank on the second branch, and a control end of the hydrogen pump being connected to the hydrogen supply system controller; The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to start the hydrogen pump while controlling the adsorption tank to start the adsorption mode.

[0010] In the engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the adsorption tank uses at least one of activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and graphene as an adsorption material; In which, the hydrogen supply system controller is also provided with an engine normal operation mode, in which, in the engine normal operation mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the first control valve assembly and the second control valve assembly to open, and controls the first control valve and the second control valve to close, so that the hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system enters the engine cylinder through the first branch for combustion.

[0011] In the engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the engine shutdown pressure relief mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to: closing the first control valve assembly to shut down the hydrogen output of the hydrogen tank; opening the second control valve assembly; controlling the first control valve to open and the second control valve to close; Starting the hydrogen pump and controlling the adsorption tank to start an adsorption mode, so as to pump the residual hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system into the adsorption tank through the hydrogen pump for adsorption storage; and, After identifying that the state parameter of the engine hydrogen supply system reaches a preset pressure relief completion condition, the second control valve assembly is closed, the first control valve is closed, and the hydrogen pump is controlled to stop running.

[0012] In the engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the state parameters of the engine hydrogen supply system include at least one of the hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen pressure at a specified node in the first branch and the continuous working time of the hydrogen pump, and the pressure relief completion condition is configured as the hydrogen concentration or the hydrogen pressure at the specified node in the first branch being lower than a first set threshold value or the continuous working time of the hydrogen pump reaching a preset first set time.

[0013] In the engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the engine stop and restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to: Opening the first control valve assembly to enable the hydrogen tank to open its hydrogen output; opening the second control valve assembly; controlling the first control valve to close and the second control valve to open; controlling the adsorption tank to start a desorption mode, so that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank is released and serves as a supplement to the hydrogen output by the hydrogen tank, and enters the engine cylinder for combustion; and After identifying that the state parameter of the adsorption tank reaches a preset desorption completion condition, the second control valve is closed and the hydrogen pump is controlled to stop running.

[0014] In the engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the state parameter of the adsorption tank includes at least one of the internal pressure of the adsorption tank and the opening time of the second control valve; the desorption completion condition is set as the internal pressure of the adsorption tank falling below a second set threshold or the opening time of the second control valve reaching a preset second set time; and, in the normal operating mode of the engine, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to: controlling the first control valve assembly and the second control valve assembly to remain in an open state; Controlling the first control valve, the second control valve and the hydrogen pump to remain in a closed state; The engine required power is obtained, and the state parameter of the second control valve assembly is adjusted based on the engine required power, wherein the state parameter of the second control valve assembly includes a valve opening.

[0015] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for controlling an engine hydrogen supply system, the engine hydrogen supply system comprising a hydrogen tank, a first control valve, an adsorption tank, a second control valve, a hydrogen rail, and a hydrogen nozzle, wherein the hydrogen rail and the hydrogen nozzle are arranged in a first branch connected to the hydrogen tank, and the first control valve, the adsorption tank, and the second control valve are sequentially arranged in a second branch connected to the hydrogen tank and different from the first branch, and the method comprises: In response to receiving an engine shutdown command, starting an engine shutdown pressure relief process, wherein the engine shutdown pressure relief process is configured to control the hydrogen tank to shut down its hydrogen output, the first control valve to open and the second control valve to close, and the adsorption canister to start an adsorption mode; In response to receiving an engine start command, an engine restart process is initiated, wherein the engine restart process is configured to control the hydrogen tank to start its hydrogen output, the first control valve to close and the second control valve to open, and the adsorption canister to start a desorption mode.

[0016] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, comprising the engine hydrogen supply system provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the engine hydrogen supply system, control method, and vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have designed a new engine hydrogen supply system with a shutdown pressure relief control function, which can safely relieve the pressure of the engine hydrogen supply system when the engine is shut down, effectively solving the safety problem of the hydrogen engine when it is shut down, and significantly improving the performance and efficiency of the hydrogen engine. By setting hardware such as a first control valve, a second control valve, and an adsorption tank, coordinating with corresponding control strategies, and accurately controlling the adsorption mode and desorption mode of the adsorption tank, it is ensured that hydrogen is effectively recovered and stored when the engine is shut down, and that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank is released in time when the engine is started and enters the engine cylinder for combustion, eliminating the safety risks caused by hydrogen remaining in the hydrogen supply system when the engine is shut down, avoiding hydrogen waste, and improving hydrogen utilization. In other words, it solves the technical problem of the related technology that the possible leakage of engine hydrogen when the engine is parked does not fully consider the high safety risk of use.

[0018] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of an engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the composition of another engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the composition of another engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the composition of another engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for controlling an engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a vehicle provided in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Reference numerals 1- Hydrogen tank; 2- Adsorption tank; 3- Hydrogen rail; 4- Hydrogen nozzle; 5- First control valve; 6- Second control valve; 7- Hydrogen pump; 8- First control valve assembly; 9- Second control valve assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It is particularly noted that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present disclosure and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Similarly, the following examples are only some embodiments of the present disclosure and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0023] The terms "first," "second," and "third" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first," "second," and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0024] In the description of the present disclosure, “a plurality of” means at least two, such as two or three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, unless there is any contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and perform secondary processing on the different embodiments or examples and the features of the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0026] The terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or components inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0027] The term "engine hydrogen supply system" in the embodiments of the present disclosure refers to a system for supplying hydrogen to an engine. For example, it may be a system consisting of a hydrogen tank, a pressure regulating valve, a hydrogen rail, a pressure relief valve, and a hydrogen nozzle, starting from the hydrogen tank pressure regulating valve to the hydrogen nozzle.

[0028] The relevant technology does not fully consider the possible leakage of engine hydrogen when the vehicle is parked (released into an external enclosed space), resulting in a higher safety risk in use.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of an engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the engine hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen tank 1 (also called a hydrogen bottle, a hydrogen source), a first branch connected to the hydrogen tank 1, and a second branch connected to the hydrogen tank 1 that is different from the first branch.

[0030] The hydrogen tank 1 stores hydrogen for providing hydrogen for the operation of the engine.

[0031] The first branch is provided with a hydrogen rail 3 and a hydrogen nozzle 4 provided at the engine cylinder, and the outlet of the hydrogen rail 3 is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen nozzle 4 .

[0032] The second branch is sequentially equipped with a first control valve 5, an adsorption tank 2, and a second control valve 6. One end of the second branch is connected to the hydrogen tank 1, and the other end is connected to the engine cylinder. The first control valve 5, adsorption tank 2, and second control valve 6 in the second branch constitute the exhaust collection device of the hydrogen supply system.

[0033] The adsorption tank 2 has an adsorption mode and a desorption mode. The control strategy is as follows: whenever the engine is shut down, the hydrogen tank 1 shuts off its hydrogen output, the first control valve 5 opens, and the second control valve 6 closes, and the adsorption tank 2 activates the adsorption mode. Furthermore, whenever the engine is started, the hydrogen tank 1 opens its hydrogen output, the first control valve 5 closes, and the second control valve 6 opens, and the adsorption tank 2 activates the desorption mode.

[0034] It should be noted that the adsorption process of the adsorption tank 2 relies on a physical adsorption mechanism, that is, the physical force between the adsorption material and the hydrogen molecules is used to achieve hydrogen adsorption. In the adsorption mode, the hydrogen tank 1 stops supplying hydrogen, and the first control valve 5 is opened, so that hydrogen flows from the first branch through the first control valve 5 into the adsorption tank 2, and is effectively adsorbed by the adsorption material in the adsorption tank 2. At this time, the second control valve 6 remains closed to ensure that the hydrogen in the adsorption tank 2 does not enter the engine cylinder. When the engine is started, the hydrogen tank 1 resumes the hydrogen supply, and the first control valve 5 is closed, blocking the connection between the hydrogen tank 1 and the adsorption tank 2. At the same time, the second control valve 6 is opened, and the hydrogen in the adsorption tank 2 is released under the action of pressure difference or temperature, smoothly enters the engine cylinder, and provides the required hydrogen for the engine. At this time, the adsorption tank 2 switches to the desorption mode to completely release the previously adsorbed and stored hydrogen.

[0035] Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a control method and a vehicle corresponding to the above-mentioned engine hydrogen supply system.

[0036] The method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is applicable to any existing use scenario of a hydrogen engine, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this. For example, in the field of ship transportation, the method can be applied to cargo ships or passenger ships fueled by hydrogen to achieve low-emission and high-efficiency navigation. In the field of public transportation, such as buses or hydrogen-powered taxis, the method is also applicable and helps to reduce urban air pollution. In addition, in the logistics and transportation industry, vehicles equipped with hydrogen engines can perform long-distance delivery tasks while maintaining environmental performance. In short, the method disclosed in the present disclosure has a wide range of applicability and can provide a stable and efficient hydrogen supply control solution for hydrogen engines in different fields.

[0037] Compared to related technologies, the method proposed in this disclosure designs a new engine hydrogen supply system with a shutdown pressure relief control function. This system can safely relieve pressure in the engine hydrogen supply system when the engine is shut down, effectively resolving safety issues associated with hydrogen engine shutdowns and significantly improving the performance and efficiency of hydrogen engines. By providing hardware such as a first control valve 5, a second control valve 6, and an adsorption tank 2, in conjunction with corresponding control strategies, and precisely controlling the adsorption and desorption modes of the adsorption tank 2, it is ensured that hydrogen is effectively recovered and stored when the engine is shut down, and that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank 2 is promptly released upon engine startup, entering the engine cylinder for combustion. This eliminates the safety risks associated with hydrogen remaining in the hydrogen supply system when the hydrogen engine is shut down, avoids hydrogen waste, and improves hydrogen utilization. This resolves the technical issue in related technologies whereby the potential for hydrogen leakage from the engine during shutdown, resulting in a high safety risk, is not fully considered.

[0038] Among them, the types of adsorption tanks 2 include temperature-raising adsorption and temperature-lowering desorption, constant temperature adsorption and pressure-swing desorption, and other types. In the temperature-raising adsorption mode, the internal temperature of the adsorption tank 2 is increased by heating the internal temperature, thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity of the adsorption material for hydrogen; while in the temperature-lowering desorption mode, the internal temperature is lowered by cooling the adsorption tank 2, weakening the physical interaction between the adsorption material and the hydrogen molecules, thereby promoting the desorption of hydrogen from the adsorption material. Constant temperature adsorption and pressure-swing desorption utilize constant temperature and varying pressure conditions, respectively, to achieve hydrogen adsorption and desorption. These different types of adsorption tanks 2 can be flexibly selected according to actual needs to meet the engine's demand for hydrogen under different operating conditions.

[0039] The hydrogen rail 3 is responsible for safely and stably delivering hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1 to the engine cylinders. To ensure smooth hydrogen flow and accurate metering, the hydrogen rail utilizes high-precision flow control valves and pressure sensors. These components monitor and control hydrogen flow and pressure in real time, ensuring the engine receives the appropriate amount of hydrogen under various operating conditions. When the engine is shut down, the hydrogen rail 3 also works in conjunction with the adsorption tank 2 to automatically recover and store hydrogen, further improving hydrogen utilization and overall system efficiency.

[0040] The hydrogen nozzle 4 is responsible for accurately and efficiently injecting hydrogen delivered by the hydrogen rail 3 into the engine cylinders. To ensure stable hydrogen injection and complete combustion, the hydrogen nozzle 4 utilizes advanced injection technology and materials. Its high-pressure and corrosion-resistant properties enable long-term stable operation in harsh engine environments. Working in conjunction with the hydrogen rail 3 and control system, the hydrogen nozzle 4 ensures optimal hydrogen supply under various engine operating conditions, thereby improving engine efficiency and performance.

[0041] In some embodiments, the engine hydrogen supply system further includes a hydrogen supply system controller. The hydrogen supply system controller is provided with an engine shutdown pressure relief mode and an engine shutdown restart mode. In the engine shutdown pressure relief mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the hydrogen tank 1 to close its hydrogen output, the first control valve 5 to open and the second control valve 6 to close, and the adsorption tank 2 to start the adsorption mode, so that the residual hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system enters the adsorption tank 2 through the first control valve 5 for storage. In the engine shutdown restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the hydrogen tank 1 to open its hydrogen output, the first control valve 5 to close and the second control valve 6 to open, and the adsorption tank 2 to start the desorption mode, so that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank 2 is released to the engine cylinder for combustion. Among them, the hydrogen supply system controller can intelligently switch the working mode according to the working state of the engine. When the engine is in a shutdown state, the hydrogen supply system controller automatically enters the engine shutdown pressure relief mode to ensure that the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply system is safely stored and avoid leakage risks. When the engine needs to be restarted, the hydrogen supply system controller switches to the engine shutdown and restart mode, and releases the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank 2 to the engine cylinder in time to ensure the normal start and operation of the engine.

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2As shown, the engine hydrogen supply system also includes a first control valve assembly 8 (also known as a pressure relief and control valve assembly). The first control valve assembly 8 is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen tank 1 and integrates a pressure relief valve and a third control valve. The control end of the first control valve assembly 8 is connected to the hydrogen supply system controller. The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to open the pressure relief valve to adjust the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank to a pre-set specified range when it recognizes that the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank exceeds a set threshold, and to control the hydrogen tank 1 to open or close its hydrogen output through the third control valve. Among them, through the coordinated operation of the first control valve assembly 8, the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6, the hydrogen flow control of the engine hydrogen supply system under different engine modes can be achieved. When the engine is in normal operation mode, if the hydrogen supply system controller detects that the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank 1 has abnormally increased and exceeds the set threshold, the hydrogen supply system controller will respond quickly by opening the pressure relief valve in the first control valve assembly 8 to safely release the excessive hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank 1 to the outside of the system or to a safe storage device, thereby effectively preventing the hydrogen tank 1 from being damaged due to excessive pressure and ensuring the safe operation of the system. In the engine shutdown and restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller can accurately control the hydrogen output of the hydrogen tank 1 through the first control valve assembly 8 to ensure that when the engine is started, the required amount of hydrogen can be quickly and stably provided to the engine cylinders, thereby improving the engine starting efficiency and operating stability. In addition, the integrated design of the first control valve assembly 8 not only simplifies the system structure and reduces manufacturing costs, but also improves the overall reliability and maintenance convenience of the system.

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3As shown, the engine hydrogen supply system also includes a second control valve assembly 9 (also known as a pressure regulating and control valve assembly). This second control valve assembly 9 is located between the first control valve assembly and the hydrogen rail 3 on the first branch line. It integrates a pressure regulating valve and a fourth control valve. The control end of the second control valve assembly 9 is connected to the hydrogen supply system controller. After engine startup, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to adjust the state of the pressure regulating valve based on the engine's power demand and control the hydrogen nozzle 4 to start or stop hydrogen injection via the fourth control valve. The pressure regulating valve adjusts the hydrogen pressure on the first branch line to ensure that the hydrogen pressure supplied to the engine cylinders is stable and meets engine operating requirements. By precisely adjusting the pressure regulating valve, the hydrogen supply system controller can dynamically adjust the hydrogen supply pressure based on the engine's real-time power demand, thereby improving the engine's combustion efficiency and power performance. The fourth control valve acts as a flow control component; its open or closed state directly determines whether the hydrogen nozzle 4 injects hydrogen into the engine cylinders. By precisely controlling the opening timing and duration of the fourth control valve, the hydrogen supply system controller can achieve precise control of the hydrogen injection amount, further optimizing the engine's combustion process and emissions performance. The integrated design of the second control valve assembly 9 further simplifies the system structure and improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system.

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another engine hydrogen supply system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the engine hydrogen supply system also includes a hydrogen pump 7. The hydrogen pump 7 is arranged between the first control valve 5 and the adsorption tank 2 on the second branch, and the control end of the hydrogen pump 7 is connected to the hydrogen supply system controller. The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to start the hydrogen pump 7 while controlling the adsorption tank 2 to start the adsorption mode. The function of the hydrogen pump 7 is to increase the flow rate and pressure of hydrogen in the second branch, ensuring that the hydrogen can be efficiently purified by the adsorption tank 2. When the hydrogen supply system controller detects that the engine needs hydrogen supply, it first starts the adsorption tank 2 and enters the adsorption mode to remove impurities and moisture in the hydrogen. At the same time, the hydrogen supply system controller also sends a start signal to the hydrogen pump 7 to start the hydrogen pump 7. Starting the hydrogen pump 7 accelerates the process of hydrogen flowing from the hydrogen storage tank to the adsorption tank 2, thereby improving the response speed and hydrogen supply efficiency of the entire hydrogen supply system. Through this design, the engine hydrogen supply system can more quickly meet the engine's hydrogen demand while ensuring hydrogen quality, further improving the engine's performance and stability.

[0045] In some embodiments, the adsorption tank 2 uses at least one of activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and graphene as the adsorption material. These adsorption materials are widely selected due to their excellent adsorption properties and chemical stability. Activated carbon has a large specific surface area due to its porous structure and can effectively adsorb hydrogen molecules. Carbon nanotubes, with their unique nanoscale structure and high adsorption capacity, further improve the adsorption efficiency. Graphene, as a new type of material, not only has excellent adsorption properties, but also has good electrical conductivity and thermal stability, which helps to maintain the temperature stability in the adsorption tank, thereby ensuring the continuous and efficient adsorption process. Through the application of these adsorption materials, the engine hydrogen supply system can continuously provide high-quality, high-purity hydrogen, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the engine.

[0046] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply system controller is further configured with a normal engine operation mode. In this normal engine operation mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the opening of the first control valve assembly 8 and the second control valve assembly 9, and controls the closing of the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6, so that hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system enters the engine cylinder through the first branch for combustion. The hydrogen supply system controller also precisely adjusts the opening of the first control valve assembly 8 and the second control valve assembly 9 according to the real-time needs of the engine to control the flow and pressure of hydrogen, thereby ensuring that the engine can obtain the optimal hydrogen supply under different operating conditions. This design not only improves the engine's combustion efficiency, but also further enhances the engine's power performance and fuel economy.

[0047] In some examples, in order to effectively perform pressure relief during shutdown, in the engine shutdown pressure relief mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to execute the following steps S11 to S15 .

[0048] Step S11: close the first control valve assembly 8 to shut down the hydrogen output of the hydrogen tank 1 (at this time, the hydrogen nozzle no longer sprays hydrogen).

[0049] Step S12: Open the second control valve assembly 9 (a large amount of hydrogen still exists in the hydrogen supply pipeline between the second control valve assembly 9 and the hydrogen nozzle 4).

[0050] Step S13: Control the first control valve 5 to open and the second control valve 6 to close.

[0051] Step S14: starting the hydrogen pump 7 and controlling the adsorption tank 2 to start the adsorption mode, so that the hydrogen remaining in the engine hydrogen supply system is pumped into the adsorption tank 2 by the hydrogen pump 7 for adsorption storage.

[0052] Step S15: After identifying that the state parameters of the engine hydrogen supply system have reached the preset pressure relief completion condition, the second control valve assembly 9 is closed, the first control valve 5 is closed, and the hydrogen pump 7 is controlled to stop running.

[0053] Among them, through steps S11 to S15, the engine hydrogen supply system can effectively relieve pressure when shutting down, and safely store the residual hydrogen in the system. In step S11, closing the first control valve assembly 8 ensures that the hydrogen output of the hydrogen tank 1 is cut off, avoiding unnecessary loss of hydrogen during the shutdown process. In step S12, the second control valve assembly 9 is opened to provide a channel for subsequent hydrogen flow. Step S13 adjusts the flow direction of hydrogen by opening the first control valve 5 and closing the second control valve 6, so that it can smoothly enter the hydrogen pump 7 and the adsorption tank 2. Starting the adsorption mode of the hydrogen pump 7 and the adsorption tank 2 in step S14 is a key step in the pressure relief process. Through the power of the hydrogen pump 7, the residual hydrogen in the system is pumped into the adsorption tank 2, and the characteristics of the adsorption material are utilized for efficient storage. Finally, in step S15, by identifying the state parameters of the engine hydrogen supply system, such as pressure and flow rate, when these parameters reach the preset pressure relief completion conditions, the second control valve assembly 9 and the first control valve 5 are closed, and the operation of the hydrogen pump 7 is stopped, thus completing the entire pressure relief process. This design not only improves the safety of the engine hydrogen supply system, but also effectively extends the system's service life.

[0054] In some embodiments, the state parameters of the engine hydrogen supply system in step S15 include at least one of the hydrogen concentration, hydrogen pressure, and continuous operating time of the hydrogen pump 7 at a specified node in the first branch. The pressure relief completion condition is configured as the hydrogen concentration or hydrogen pressure at the specified node in the first branch falling below a first set threshold or the continuous operating time of the hydrogen pump 7 reaching a preset first set time. The first set threshold is determined based on a comprehensive consideration of the safety standards and operating efficiency of the engine hydrogen supply system, ensuring that when the threshold is lower than the threshold, the residual hydrogen in the system does not pose a threat to system safety while also avoiding unnecessary hydrogen waste. The preset first set time for the continuous operating time of the hydrogen pump 7 is based on the performance characteristics and life of the hydrogen pump, aiming to balance the operating efficiency of the hydrogen pump with the long-term cost of use. When any state parameter meets the preset pressure relief completion condition, the system determines that the pressure relief process has been completed and then takes appropriate measures, such as closing the control valve assembly and stopping the operation of the hydrogen pump, to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the engine hydrogen supply system. This design detail reflects a comprehensive consideration of the safety and economy of the engine hydrogen supply system.

[0055] In some embodiments, to ensure efficient use of hydrogen, in the engine shutdown and restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to execute the following steps S21 to S25 .

[0056] Step S21: Open the first control valve assembly 8 to enable the hydrogen tank 1 to open its hydrogen output.

[0057] Step S22: Open the second control valve assembly 9 (the hydrogen tank 1 supplies hydrogen to the engine cylinder through the first branch, and at this time, the hydrogen nozzle starts to spray hydrogen).

[0058] Step S23: Control the first control valve 5 to close and the second control valve 6 to open.

[0059] Step S24: controlling the adsorption tank 2 to start the desorption mode, so that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank 2 is released and serves as a supplement to the hydrogen output by the hydrogen tank 1, and enters the engine cylinder for combustion.

[0060] Step S25: After identifying that the state parameter of the adsorption tank 2 reaches the preset desorption completion condition, the second control valve 6 is closed and the hydrogen pump 7 is controlled to stop running.

[0061] Among them, through steps S21 to S25, the engine hydrogen supply system realizes hydrogen supply control in the shutdown and restart mode, ensuring the effective use of hydrogen and the stable operation of the system. During the execution of steps S21 to S25, the hydrogen supply system controller accurately controls the opening and closing of each valve component and hydrogen pump, as well as the start and stop of the desorption mode of the adsorption tank, thereby realizing precise regulation of the hydrogen supply. This control method not only improves the operating efficiency of the engine hydrogen supply system, but also enhances the safety and reliability of the system. In addition, through the preset state parameters and completion conditions, the system can automatically judge and take corresponding measures, avoiding the tedious manual intervention and the possible risk of misoperation.

[0062] In some embodiments, the state parameters of the adsorption tank 2 in step S25 include at least one of the internal pressure of the adsorption tank 2 and the opening time of the second control valve 6. The desorption completion condition is set as the internal pressure of the adsorption tank 2 drops below the second set threshold or the opening time of the second control valve 6 reaches the preset second set time. The second set threshold and the second set time are both preset according to the operating requirements of the engine and the characteristics of the hydrogen supply system. When the internal pressure of the adsorption tank 2 drops below the second set threshold, it indicates that most of the hydrogen in the adsorption tank 2 has been released, and the second control valve 6 is closed at this time. When the opening time of the second control valve 6 reaches the preset second set time, even if the internal pressure of the adsorption tank 2 has not dropped below the second set threshold, the system will consider the desorption process to be completed, thereby closing the second control valve 6. This dual judgment mechanism ensures the accuracy and reliability of the desorption process, further improving the hydrogen utilization efficiency and the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0063] In some embodiments, accurate control of the hydrogen supply amount is achieved. In the normal engine operation mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to execute the following steps S31 to S33.

[0064] Step S31: Control the first control valve assembly 8 and the second control valve assembly 9 to remain in an open state.

[0065] Step S32: Control the first control valve 5, the second control valve 6 and the hydrogen pump 7 to remain in a closed state (the hydrogen pump 7 and the adsorption tank 2 do not work, and hydrogen enters the engine cylinder via the hydrogen tank 1, the first control valve assembly 8, the second control valve assembly 9, the hydrogen rail 3 and the hydrogen nozzle 4 for combustion).

[0066] Step S33: Obtain the engine required power, and adjust the state parameters of the second control valve assembly 9 based on the engine required power, wherein the state parameters of the second control valve assembly 9 include the valve opening.

[0067] Among them, precise control of the hydrogen supply is achieved through steps S31 to S33. In the normal operating mode of the engine, the first control valve assembly 8 and the second control valve assembly 9 are kept open to ensure that hydrogen can smoothly enter the engine from the hydrogen tank through the adsorption tank 2. At the same time, the first control valve 5, the second control valve 6 and the hydrogen pump 7 are closed to avoid unnecessary hydrogen flow and energy consumption. Step S33 dynamically adjusts the valve opening of the second control valve assembly 9 according to the real-time power demand of the engine, thereby achieving precise matching of the hydrogen supply. This control method not only improves the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, but also ensures stable operation and performance optimization of the engine.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first and second control valves 5 and 6 are solenoid valves with a response time ≤ a set time threshold. This fast response time ensures that the system can quickly respond to control signals and adjust the hydrogen flow state in a timely manner. The use of solenoid valves also improves system reliability and stability, reducing the risk of hydrogen supply interruptions due to valve failure.

[0069] In some embodiments, the hydrogen pump 7 is a diaphragm pump or a scroll pump, with a maximum output pressure ≥ the set pressure. This high-pressure output pump design ensures efficient hydrogen delivery to the adsorption tank, meeting its requirements during high-load operation. The choice of a diaphragm pump or scroll pump not only improves the overall efficiency of the system, but also reduces noise and vibration due to its compact structure and smooth operation, enhancing driving comfort. Furthermore, both pump types offer excellent sealing properties, effectively preventing hydrogen leakage and enhancing system safety.

[0070] Figure 5A flow chart of a method for controlling an engine hydrogen supply system provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The engine hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen tank 1, a first control valve 5, an adsorption tank 2, a second control valve 6, a hydrogen rail 3, and a hydrogen nozzle 4. The hydrogen rail 3 and the hydrogen nozzle 4 are disposed in a first branch connected to the hydrogen tank 1, and the first control valve 5, the adsorption tank 2, and the second control valve 6 are sequentially disposed in a second branch connected to the hydrogen tank 1, different from the first branch. The method includes the following steps S10 to S20.

[0071] Step S10: In response to receiving the engine shutdown command, the engine shutdown pressure relief process is started, wherein the engine shutdown pressure relief process is configured to control the hydrogen tank 1 to close its hydrogen output, the first control valve 5 to open and the second control valve 6 to close, and the adsorption tank 2 to start the adsorption mode.

[0072] Step S20: In response to receiving the engine start command, the engine shutdown and restart process is started, wherein the engine shutdown and restart process is configured to control the hydrogen tank 1 to open its hydrogen output, the first control valve 5 to close and the second control valve 6 to open, and the adsorption tank 2 to start the desorption mode.

[0073] The further details of each step in the above system embodiment have been described in detail in the embodiment of the engine hydrogen supply system and will not be elaborated here. The detailed steps of step S10 are as follows: step S11-step S15. The detailed steps of step S10 are as follows: step S21-step S25.

[0074] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a vehicle provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle 100 includes an engine hydrogen supply system 101 provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An engine hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen tank (1), wherein the hydrogen tank (1) stores hydrogen; A first branch connected to the hydrogen tank (1), the first branch being provided with a hydrogen rail (3) and a hydrogen nozzle (4) arranged at the engine cylinder, and the outlet of the hydrogen rail (3) being connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen nozzle (4); a second branch different from the first branch and connected to the hydrogen tank (1), the second branch being provided with a first control valve (5), an adsorption tank (2), and a second control valve (6) in sequence, one end of the second branch being connected to the hydrogen tank (1), and the other end of the second branch being connected to the engine cylinder; The adsorption tank (2) has an adsorption mode and a desorption mode. Each time the engine is stopped, the hydrogen tank (1) turns off its hydrogen output, the first control valve (5) is opened and the second control valve (6) is closed, and the adsorption tank (2) starts the adsorption mode. Each time the engine is started, the hydrogen tank (1) turns on its hydrogen output, the first control valve (5) is closed and the second control valve (6) is opened, and the adsorption tank (2) starts the desorption mode.

2. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A hydrogen supply system controller is provided with an engine stop pressure relief mode and an engine stop restart mode, wherein, in the engine stop pressure relief mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the hydrogen tank (1) to close its hydrogen output, the first control valve (5) to open and the second control valve (6) to close, and the adsorption tank (2) to start the adsorption mode, so that the residual hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system enters the adsorption tank (2) through the first control valve (5) for storage, and, in the engine stop restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the hydrogen tank (1) to open its hydrogen output, the first control valve (5) to close and the second control valve (6) to open, and the adsorption tank (2) to start the desorption mode, so that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank (2) is released to the engine cylinder for combustion.

3. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a first control valve assembly (8), the first control valve assembly (8) being arranged at the gas outlet of the hydrogen tank (1), integrating a pressure relief valve and a third control valve, the control end of the first control valve assembly (8) being connected to the hydrogen supply system controller; The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to, when recognizing that the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank exceeds a set threshold, open the pressure relief valve to adjust the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen tank to a pre-set specified range, and control the hydrogen tank (1) to open or close its hydrogen output through the third control valve.

4. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: a second control valve assembly (9), the second control valve assembly (9) being arranged between the first control valve assembly and the hydrogen rail (3) on the first branch, integrating a pressure regulating valve and a fourth control valve, the control end of the second control valve assembly (9) being connected to the hydrogen supply system controller; The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to adjust the state of the pressure regulating valve based on the required power of the engine after the engine is started, and to control the hydrogen nozzle (4) to start or stop injecting hydrogen through the fourth control valve.

5. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: a hydrogen pump (7), the hydrogen pump (7) being arranged between the first control valve (5) and the adsorption tank (2) on the second branch, and a control end of the hydrogen pump (7) being connected to the hydrogen supply system controller; The hydrogen supply system controller is configured to start the hydrogen pump (7) while controlling the adsorption tank (2) to start the adsorption mode.

6. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption tank (2) uses at least one of activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and graphene as an adsorption material; The hydrogen supply system controller is further provided with an engine normal operation mode, wherein, in the engine normal operation mode, the hydrogen supply system controller controls the first control valve assembly (8) and the second control valve assembly (9) to open, and controls the first control valve (5) and the second control valve (6) to close, so that the hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system enters the engine cylinder through the first branch for combustion.

7. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the engine stop pressure relief mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to: closing the first control valve assembly (8) so that the hydrogen tank (1) closes its hydrogen output; Opening the second control valve assembly (9); Controlling the first control valve (5) to open and the second control valve (6) to close; Starting the hydrogen pump (7) and controlling the adsorption tank (2) to start an adsorption mode, so as to pump the residual hydrogen in the engine hydrogen supply system into the adsorption tank (2) through the hydrogen pump (7) for adsorption storage; and After identifying that the state parameters of the engine hydrogen supply system have reached a preset pressure relief completion condition, the second control valve assembly (9) is closed, the first control valve (5) is closed, and the hydrogen pump (7) is controlled to stop operating.

8. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The state parameters of the engine hydrogen supply system include at least one of the hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen pressure at a designated node in the first branch and the continuous working time of the hydrogen pump (7), and the pressure relief completion condition is configured as the hydrogen concentration or the hydrogen pressure at the designated node in the first branch being lower than a first set threshold or the continuous working time of the hydrogen pump (7) reaching a preset first set time.

9. The engine hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 5, 7 and 8, characterized in that: In the engine stop and restart mode, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to: Opening the first control valve assembly (8) to enable the hydrogen tank (1) to open its hydrogen output; Opening the second control valve assembly (9); Controlling the first control valve (5) to close and the second control valve (6) to open; Controlling the adsorption tank (2) to start a desorption mode, so that the hydrogen stored in the adsorption tank (2) is released and serves as a supplement to the hydrogen output by the hydrogen tank (1), and enters the engine cylinder for combustion; and After identifying that the state parameter of the adsorption tank (2) reaches a preset desorption completion condition, the second control valve (6) is closed, and the hydrogen pump (7) is controlled to stop running.

10. The engine hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The state parameter of the adsorption tank (2) includes at least one of the internal pressure of the adsorption tank (2) and the opening time of the second control valve (6); the desorption completion condition is set as the internal pressure of the adsorption tank (2) falling below a second set threshold or the opening time of the second control valve (6) reaching a preset second set time; and, in the normal operating mode of the engine, the hydrogen supply system controller is configured to: Controlling the first control valve assembly (8) and the second control valve assembly (9) to remain in an open state; Controlling the first control valve (5), the second control valve (6) and the hydrogen pump (7) to remain in a closed state; The engine required power is obtained, and the state parameter of the second control valve component (9) is adjusted based on the engine required power, wherein the state parameter of the second control valve component (9) includes the valve opening.

11. A method for controlling an engine hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: The engine hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen tank (1), a first control valve (5), an adsorption tank (2), a second control valve (6), a hydrogen rail (3) and a hydrogen nozzle (4), wherein the hydrogen rail (3) and the hydrogen nozzle (4) are arranged in a first branch connected to the hydrogen tank (1), the first control valve (5), the adsorption tank (2) and the second control valve (6) are sequentially arranged in a second branch connected to the hydrogen tank (1) and different from the first branch, and the method comprises: In response to receiving an engine shutdown command, an engine shutdown pressure relief process is started, wherein the engine shutdown pressure relief process is configured to control the hydrogen tank (1) to shut down its hydrogen output, the first control valve (5) to open and the second control valve (6) to close, and the adsorption tank (2) to start an adsorption mode; In response to receiving an engine start command, an engine shutdown and restart process is started, wherein the engine shutdown and restart process is configured to control the hydrogen tank (1) to open its hydrogen output, the first control valve (5) to close and the second control valve (6) to open, and the adsorption tank (2) to start a desorption mode.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the engine hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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