Adjustable damper

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration and noise control, in particular to an adjustable damper. The device comprises a bottom plate, a damping cylinder, a top plate, a damping rod and damping liquid, the damping cylinder is fixed to the bottom plate, the damping cylinder contains the damping liquid, the damping rod is partially inserted into the damping liquid, the damping cylinder or the bottom plate is connected with a foundation structure, the top plate is connected with a controlled object, the device further comprises a damping adjusting structure, and the damping adjusting structure is installed on the top plate. The damping adjusting structure is connected with the damping rod and adjusts the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping liquid. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted on a working site, and the damper is particularly suitable for vibration control of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. Meanwhile, the adjustable damper has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to adjust and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control, and in particular relates to an adjustable damper for controlling vibration of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. Background Art

[0002] A viscous damper typically consists of an upper housing, a lower housing, a damping rod, and a damping fluid. The lower housing contains the damping fluid and is connected to the base structure. The upper housing connects to the damping rod and the controlled structure, with the damping rod immersed in the damping fluid. During operation, the controlled structure, through the upper housing, drives the damping rod to reciprocate in the damping fluid. The damping rod's shearing action on the damping fluid dissipates vibration energy. The damping performance of a viscous damper depends on the damping fluid properties and the shear area of the damping rod in the damping fluid. Therefore, once manufactured, the damping performance of a viscous damper is fixed. For example, the horizontal frequency-tuned mass damper (HFMMD) described in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN107700695A has been shown to have a fixed damping performance. However, the application of these dampers in practical engineering projects presents the following challenges: first, the actual vibration characteristics of the controlled structure may deviate from the designed performance parameters of the damper; second, in some cases, the state of the controlled structure may change. This is particularly true for mechanical equipment and piping, where the vibration characteristics are affected by operating conditions and can vary significantly in both range and frequency. Therefore, there is a contradiction between the fixed damping performance of the damper and the variability of the vibration characteristics of the controlled structure.

[0003] In summary, the market urgently needs an adjustable damper that can adjust the damping performance at the application site, especially for controlling the vibration of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an adjustable damper whose damping coefficient can be adjusted on-site. The damper is particularly suitable for vibration control of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. The adjustable damper also has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, and easy adjustment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: An adjustable damper includes a base plate, a damping cylinder, a top plate, a damping rod and a damping fluid. The damping cylinder is fixed to the base plate, the damping cylinder contains the damping fluid, the damping rod is partially inserted into the damping fluid, the damping cylinder or the base plate is connected to the basic structure, and the top plate is connected to the controlled object. The present invention also includes a damping adjustment structure, which is mounted on the top plate, connected to the damping rod and adjusts the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid.

[0006] The damping adjustment structure includes an adjusting screw, a locking nut, and a threaded hole on the top plate that matches the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw is installed in the threaded hole of the top plate, the locking nut is installed on the adjusting screw and contacts the upper surface of the top plate, the top of the adjusting screw is provided with a wrench interface, and the bottom of the adjusting screw is connected to the damping rod. During application, a tool is used to rotate the adjusting screw through the plate interface at the top of the adjusting screw so that it can move up and down relative to the top plate, thereby adjusting the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid. After tightening the locking nut on the adjusting screw, it can produce a locking and anti-loosening effect, preventing the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the top plate from loosening in a vibration environment, thereby affecting the actual effect of the damper.

[0007] Furthermore, the damping adjustment structure also includes a pull-up bolt and a hold-down bolt. The axis of the adjusting screw is provided with a through hole, the upper portion of which is internally threaded and engages with the hold-down bolt. The lower portion of the through hole is a tapered hole. The top of the damping rod is provided with a tapered column that engages with the tapered hole. The axis of the tapered column is provided with a threaded hole. When the damping rod is pulled upward, the pull-up bolt can pass through the through hole of the adjusting screw, screw into the threaded hole of the tapered column at its bottom, and contact the top surface of the adjusting screw, pulling the tapered column into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. When the damping rod is pressed downward, the hold-down bolt is screwed into the adjusting screw through the internal thread, and contact the top end surface of the tapered column, pushing the tapered column out of the tapered hole. The tapered column and the tapered hole cooperate to provide automatic centering and force transmission. The pull-up bolt and the hold-down bolt each engage with their corresponding internal threads to connect and disconnect the tapered column from the adjusting screw. The application method of this structural form is as follows. When it is necessary to adjust the damping rod upward, first loosen the locking nut and ensure that the pull-up bolt and the internal thread of the tapered column are in a separated state, and rotate the adjusting screw to raise it to a certain height; then insert the pull-up bolt into the adjusting screw so that its lower part is screwed into the threaded hole of the tapered column. When the top of the pull-up bolt contacts the top surface of the adjusting screw, continue to rotate, and through the relative movement of the thread fit, pull the tapered column together with the damping rod and raise it until the tapered column is pulled into the tapered hole of the adjusting stud. If the rising distance of the damping rod has not reached the expected height, continue to screw up the adjusting screw first, then screw down the pull-up bolt, and repeat the cycle until the damping rod is adjusted to the expected height; finally, tighten the pull-up bolt and locking nut in sequence, so that the tapered column and the tapered hole of the adjusting screw are tightly combined, and the locking nut is in tight contact with the top surface. When it is necessary to adjust the damping rod downward, first ensure that the upper pull bolt has been removed, screw the lower pressure bolt into the internal thread of the adjusting screw and continue to screw it in until it contacts the top surface of the tapered column; then continue to increase the screwing depth of the lower pressure bolt, and press the tapered rod and the damping rod downward a certain distance; finally, loosen the locking nut and rotate the adjusting screw downward until the tapered hole of the adjusting screw contacts the tapered column, and check whether the height of the adjusting screw meets the expected requirement. If not, repeat the above operation; when the damping rod is adjusted downward to the expected height, remove the lower pressure bolt, install the upper pull bolt and tighten it, tightly connect the tapered column and the adjusting stud, tighten the locking nut, and lock the adjusting stud. From the above application method, it can be seen that when adjusting the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid, the movement of the damping rod is horizontal up and down. The advantage of this motion type is that it reduces both movement resistance and the degree of agitation of the damping fluid by the damping rod. This helps the damping fluid quickly return to its normal state after adjustment, allowing the adjustable damper to quickly reach normal operating performance and shortening the on-site damper adjustment process. Therefore, this structural type is more suitable for applications with larger dampers and can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of damper adjustment.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjusting screw is provided with a scale. In this case, a groove with a flat bottom needs to be opened on the adjusting screw, and the scale can be a thin sheet scale bar sprayed, laser printed or fixed in the groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the damping adjustment structure includes a bracket, an adjustment screw, an adjustment rod, a clamp, and an adjustment hole on the top plate corresponding to the adjustment rod. The bracket is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and mounted above the adjustment hole. The top of the bracket is provided with a cross plate, which has a connection interface for the adjustment screw. The clamp includes a fixed portion, a movable portion, and a connecting bolt. The fixed portion and the movable portion are both composed of a clamping plate and an ear plate. The clamping plate matches the outer contour of the adjustment rod. The ear plate has a connection hole and is fixed to both sides of the clamping plate. The ear plates of the fixed portion and the movable portion are connected together by connecting bolts. The fixed portion is fixedly connected to the top plate or the bracket. The axis of the adjustment rod is provided with a through hole, the top end is provided with a connection interface for the adjustment screw, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the damping rod and installed in the adjustment hole and clamp of the top plate. The top end of the adjustment screw has a wrench interface, and a block is provided below the wrench interface. The adjustment screw is rotatably connected to the cross plate of the bracket and the adjustment rod. The bracket supports the adjustment screw and provides a reaction force support during the adjustment process. The structural style of the bracket can be composed of two columns and a cross plate, or it can be a frame composed of multiple columns and a cross plate. The specific structural style will not be described in detail here, as long as it can play the function described in this technical solution. A cross plate is provided on the top of the bracket, and a connection interface for the adjusting screw is provided on the cross plate. The connection interface here can be a through hole or a threaded hole. When a through hole is provided on the cross plate, the baffle of the adjusting screw is close to the wrench interface at the top of the adjusting screw. Both are arranged on both sides of the cross plate of the bracket. Nuts can be used for the baffle. Accordingly, the connection interface between the adjusting rod and the adjusting screw is an internal thread. At this time, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the cross plate and the adjusting rod of the bracket. When the adjusting screw is rotated, the position of the adjusting screw relative to the bracket does not change, and the adjusting rod can move up and down along the adjusting screw. When a threaded hole is provided on the cross plate, the thread of the adjusting screw cooperates with this threaded hole. The baffle is provided at the bottom end of the adjusting screw and is rotatably connected to the adjusting rod. The rotatable connection here can take various structural forms. For example, a removable end cap can be installed at the end of the adjusting rod, with a through hole in the center for the adjusting screw to pass through. A chamber below the end cap accommodates the baffle, which can only rotate within this chamber. In this case, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the bracket's cross plate and the adjusting rod. When the adjusting screw is rotated, it moves up and down relative to the bracket, while the adjusting screw does not change position relative to the adjusting rod. Ultimately, the adjusting screw drives the adjusting rod and the damping rod to move up and down together, achieving the purpose of adjusting the insertion depth of the damping rod into the damping fluid. The adjusting rod connects to the damping rod and transmits vibration. The length of the adjusting rod should be greater than the height adjustment range of the adjustable damper's damping rod. The clamp can lock and release the adjusting rod and ensure a gap-free connection between the adjusting rod and the top plate when locked, which helps to fully transmit the vibration of the controlled object to the damping rod.

[0010] The damping adjustment structure includes a support tube, an adjusting screw, an adjusting rod, a clamping hoop, and an adjustment hole on the top plate corresponding to the inner cavity of the support tube. The support tube is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and is provided with a through inner cavity. A detachable end cover is provided on the top of the support tube, and a partition is provided on the upper part of the inner cavity. The partition divides the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. Through holes corresponding to the adjusting screw are provided on the partition and the cover plate. An opening is provided on the lower side wall of the support tube, and clamping plates are provided on both sides of the opening. The clamping hoop includes a pressure plate, an ear plate and a connecting bolt. The pressure plate corresponds to the opening on the side wall of the support tube, and the ear plate is provided on the pressure plate. The plate's sides, the lugs, and the clamping plate feature corresponding mounting holes, with connecting bolts positioned within these holes. The outer diameter of the adjusting rod matches the inner diameter of the support tube. A through-hole is located along the axis of the adjusting rod, housing a connection for the adjusting screw. The lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the damping rod and mounted within the adjustment hole in the top plate and the support tube. The top end of the adjusting screw features a wrench interface, and a stopper is located below the wrench interface. The adjusting screw passes through the support tube and connects to the adjusting rod, which is housed within the upper chamber of the support tube. The adjusting screw is rotationally connected to both the support tube and the adjusting rod. The support tube houses the adjusting rod. To adjust the damping rod, loosen the clamp's connecting bolts and use the adjusting screw to pull up and down on the adjusting rod, thereby adjusting the depth of the damping rod's insertion into the damping fluid. Once adjustment is complete, tighten the clamp's connecting bolts to lock the adjusting rod and the support tube together, allowing the controlled object to vibrate the damping rod in the damping fluid through the top plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the support tube sidewall is provided with a vertical observation slot, adjacent to which is a graduated scale. An indicator rod is provided at the end of the adjustment rod, extending from the observation slot. The observation slot, graduated scale, and indicator rod allow for clear and accurate observation of the adjustment rod position, facilitating damper adjustment. The graduated scale and indicator rod have various structural configurations and will not be described in detail here.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustable damper further comprises a support rod, which is arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate and connected by bolts. The support rod is used to fix and connect the top and bottom plates of the adjustable damper during transportation and storage.

[0013] Furthermore, a flexible protective sleeve is provided between the top plate and the damping cylinder, which is used to seal the gap between the top plate and the damping cylinder, prevent debris from entering the damping cylinder, and improve the reliability of the adjustable damper.

[0014] Furthermore, a core rod or sleeve is fixedly mounted on the base plate and extends into the damping rod. This core rod or sleeve allows the inner wall of the damping rod to also shear the damping fluid, further increasing the damping coefficient and damping force of the damper without increasing the size of the damping rod. This facilitates the design of a damper product with greater damping force within a limited volume. Furthermore, the sleeve and damping rod can be arranged in a multi-layer nested structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention uses a damping adjustment structure to adjust the damping performance of the damper at the engineering site.

[0016] (2) The present invention has various structural forms and can be applied to various damper specifications and models. In particular, the damping adjustment structure in the form of a bracket and a support cylinder is particularly suitable for adjusting large-size, large-damping-force dampers. Moreover, after the adjustment is completed, the damping fluid returns to its state in a short time, which significantly improves the adjustment work efficiency.

[0017] (3) The present invention uses a threaded drive to adjust the damping depth of the damping rod insertion, which has high adjustment accuracy and is more conducive to the adjustable damper achieving a more precise working state.

[0018] (4) The present invention also has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, high reliability, convenient application and wide range of applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable damper of the present invention in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view.

[0021] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the adjustable damper of the present invention in Example 2.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the adjustable damper of the present invention in the second embodiment.

[0023] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the adjustable damper of the present invention in Example 3.

[0024] Figure 6 This is the second structural diagram of the adjustable damper of the present invention in the third embodiment.

[0025] Figure 7 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the adjustable damper of the present invention in Example 4.

[0026] Figure 8 This is the second structural diagram of the adjustable damper of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the adjustable damper in this embodiment includes a base plate 1, a damping cylinder 2, a top plate 3, an adjusting screw 4, a locking nut 5, a protective sleeve 6, a support rod 7, a damping rod 8, and a damping fluid 21. The top plate 3 has a threaded hole Ⅰ31, the adjusting screw 4 is installed in the threaded hole Ⅰ31 of the top plate 3, the locking nut 5 is installed on the adjusting screw 4 and contacts the upper surface of the top plate 3, the top of the adjusting screw 4 has a wrench interface 41, and the side wall of the adjusting screw 4 is provided with a scale 42. The bottom of the adjusting screw 4 is connected to the damping rod 8, and the damping rod 8 is partially inserted into the damping fluid 21. The damping cylinder 2 is fixed to the base plate 1 and contains the damping fluid 21. The adjusting screw 4, the locking nut 5, and the threaded hole Ⅰ31 on the top plate 3 that matches the adjusting screw 4 constitute the damping adjustment structure.

[0028] The scale I 42 on the adjusting screw 4 is a thin sheet-type scale bar that is bonded and fixed. At this time, a groove with a smooth bottom needs to be opened on the adjusting screw. In addition, the scale I 42 can also be a scale sprayed or laser-printed on the bottom surface of the groove.

[0029] The damping cylinder 2 or base plate 1 is connected to the base structure, and the top plate 3 is connected to the controlled object. The specific connection method is not discussed here; as long as it forms a fixed connection and transmits vibration, it will suffice. In this embodiment, the damping rod 8 is a circular tube. In actual applications, it can also be a steel rod or a steel rod combined with multiple fins. Furthermore, the circular tube of the damping rod can also be nested in multiple coils. These design adjustments can be made based on actual working conditions and will not be detailed or illustrated here.

[0030] During application, use a tool to first loosen the locking nut 5, and then rotate the adjusting screw 4 through the wrench interface 41 to make it rotate in the threaded hole Ⅰ 31, so that the adjusting screw 4 can rise or fall relative to the top plate 3, thereby driving the damping rod 8 to move up and down relative to the damping cylinder 2, and finally adjusting the depth of the damping rod 8 inserted into the damping fluid 21. After adjusting the adjusting screw 4 to the expected height, tighten the locking nut 5. The locking nut 5 has a locking and anti-loosening function to prevent the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the top plate from loosening in a vibrating environment, which affects the actual effect of the damper. A scale is also provided on the adjusting screw. At this time, a groove with a flat bottom needs to be opened on the adjusting screw. The scale can be a thin-film scale bar sprayed, laser printed or fixed in the groove.

[0031] The adjustable damper in this embodiment utilizes an adjusting screw and a locking nut, using the movement of the screw to adjust the depth of the damping rod's insertion into the damping fluid, enabling on-site adjustment of the damper's damping performance. This design offers high adjustment accuracy, a simple structure, low cost, ease of use, and reliable performance.

[0032] Example 2 like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a core rod 10 is fixedly arranged on the base plate 1, and the damping adjustment structure also includes an upper pull bolt 11 and a lower pressure bolt 12. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting screw 4, and an internal thread 43 is provided on the upper part of the through hole to cooperate with the lower pressure bolt 12, and a tapered hole 44 is provided on the lower part of the through hole. The top of the damping rod 8 is provided with a tapered column 9 to cooperate with the tapered hole 44, and a threaded hole II 91 is provided on the axis of the tapered column 9, and the threaded hole II 91 cooperates with the thread of the upper pull bolt.

[0033] When the damping rod is pulled upward, the pull-up bolt passes through the through-hole of the adjusting screw, its base screwing into threaded hole II of the tapered column. Its top abuts the top surface of the adjusting screw, pulling the tapered column into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. When the damping rod is pressed downward, the hold-down bolt screws into the internal threads of the adjusting screw, its bottom abutting the top end face of the tapered column, pushing the column out of the tapered hole. The tapered column and tapered hole cooperate to provide automatic centering and force transmission. The pull-up bolt and hold-down bolt, respectively, engage their corresponding internal threads to connect and disconnect the tapered column from the adjusting screw.

[0034] The application method of this structural form is as follows. When the damping rod needs to be adjusted upward, first loosen the locking nut and ensure that the pull-up bolt and the internal thread of the tapered column are in a separated state, and rotate the adjusting screw to raise it to a certain height; then insert the pull-up bolt into the adjusting screw so that its lower part is screwed into the threaded hole of the tapered column. When the top of the pull-up bolt contacts the top surface of the adjusting screw, continue to rotate. Through the relative movement of the threaded fit, the tapered column and the damping rod are pulled up and raised until the tapered column is pulled into the tapered hole of the adjusting stud. If the rising distance of the damping rod has not reached the expected height, continue to screw up the adjusting screw first, then screw down the pull-up bolt, and repeat the cycle until the damping rod is adjusted to the expected height; finally, tighten the pull-up bolt and the locking nut in sequence so that the tapered column and the tapered hole of the adjusting screw are tightly combined and the locking nut is tightly contacted with the top surface. When it is necessary to adjust the damping rod downward, first make sure the upper pull bolt has been removed, screw the lower pressure bolt into the internal thread of the adjusting screw and continue to screw it in until it contacts the top surface of the tapered column; then continue to increase the screw-in depth of the lower pressure bolt, and press the tapered rod together with the damping rod downward to a certain distance; finally, loosen the locking nut and rotate the adjusting screw downward until the tapered hole of the adjusting screw contacts the tapered column, check whether the height of the adjusting screw meets the expected requirement at this time, if not, repeat the above operation; when the damping rod is adjusted downward to the expected height, remove the lower pressure bolt, install the upper pull bolt and tighten it, tightly connect the tapered column and the adjusting stud, tighten the locking nut, and lock the adjusting stud.

[0035] As can be seen from the above application method, when adjusting the damping rod's insertion depth into the damping fluid, the damping rod moves in a vertical, horizontal motion. This motion has the advantage of reducing both resistance and the degree of agitation of the damping fluid by the damping rod. This facilitates a rapid return of the damping fluid to its normal state after adjustment, allowing the adjustable damper to quickly achieve normal operating performance and shortening the on-site damper adjustment process. Therefore, this structural form is more suitable for applications with larger dampers, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of damper adjustment.

[0036] The purpose of arranging the core rod on the bottom plate is to enable the inner wall of the damping rod to also produce a shearing effect on the damping fluid, thereby further increasing the damping force and damping coefficient of the damper without changing the overall size of the adjustable damper.

[0037] The adjustable damper in this embodiment features a tapered hole in the adjusting screw and a tapered column above the damping rod. Pull-up and pull-down bolts are used to connect and disconnect the adjusting screw and tapered column. This ensures that the damping rod moves horizontally up and down when adjusting the damping depth, reducing adjustment resistance. This makes it particularly suitable for large-sized, high-damping dampers. Furthermore, the damping fluid quickly recovers after adjustment, significantly improving adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, the tapered hole and tapered column structure enable automatic centering and reliably transmit axial and lateral forces, improving overall reliability.

[0038] Example 3 like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the adjustable damper of this embodiment includes a base plate 1, a damping cylinder 2, a top plate 3, a damping fluid 21, a protective sleeve 6, a support rod 7, a damping adjustment structure including a bracket 13, an adjusting screw 4, an adjusting rod 8', an adjustment hole 31 corresponding to the adjusting rod on the top plate, and a clamp. The clamp includes a fixed part, a movable part and a connecting bolt 17. The fixed part and the movable part are both composed of a clamping plate 15 and an ear plate 16. The clamping plate can match the outer contour of the adjusting rod. The ear plate is provided with a connecting hole and is fixed on both sides of the clamping plate. The ear plates of the fixed part and the movable part are connected together by a connecting bolt 17. The fixing part is fixedly connected to the top plate 3, the bracket 13 is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate 3 and is mounted above the adjusting hole 31, a horizontal plate 14 is provided on the top of the bracket 13, a connecting interface of the adjusting screw 4 is provided on the horizontal plate 14, a through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod 8', a connecting interface 81 of the adjusting screw 4 is provided on the top end, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the damping rod 8 and is installed in the adjusting hole 31 of the top plate 3 and the clamp, a wrench interface 41 is provided on the top end of the adjusting screw 4, and a block 45 is provided below the wrench interface 41, and the adjusting screw 4 is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate 14 and the adjusting rod 8' of the bracket.

[0039] The bracket supports the adjustment screw and acts as a counterforce during adjustment. The bracket can be constructed from two uprights and a horizontal plate, or it can be a frame consisting of multiple uprights and a horizontal plate. This example illustrates a structure with two uprights and a horizontal plate. Other structural styles are not described here; they are sufficient as long as they can perform the functions described in this technical solution.

[0040] The bracket is provided with a horizontal plate at the top, which has a connection interface for the adjusting screw. This connection interface can be a through hole or a threaded hole. In this embodiment, the connection interface for the adjusting screw on the horizontal plate is a through hole. In this case, the baffle for the adjusting screw is close to the wrench interface at the top of the adjusting screw and is arranged on either side of the bracket's horizontal plate. Nuts can be used for the baffles, and accordingly, the connection interface between the adjusting rod and the adjusting screw is internally threaded. In this case, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to both the bracket's horizontal plate and the adjusting rod. When the adjusting screw is rotated, the adjusting screw does not change position relative to the bracket, and the adjusting rod can move up and down along the adjusting screw. If the connection interface for the adjusting screw on the horizontal plate is a threaded hole, the threads of the adjusting screw mate with the threaded hole. The baffle is located at the bottom end of the adjusting screw and is rotatably connected to the adjusting rod. This rotatable connection can take various forms, such as a removable end cap at the end of the adjusting rod, with a through hole in the center for the adjusting screw to pass through. A chamber below the end cap accommodates the baffle, which can only rotate within this chamber. The adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the bracket's cross plate and the adjusting rod. When the adjusting screw is rotated, the adjusting screw moves up and down relative to the bracket, while the adjusting screw remains in the same position relative to the adjusting rod. This ultimately allows the adjusting screw to move the adjusting rod and the damping rod up and down together, adjusting the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid.

[0041] The adjusting rod plays the role of connecting the damping rod and transmitting vibration. The through hole on the axis of the adjusting rod is used to accommodate the adjusting screw, the length of which should be greater than the height adjustment range of the damping rod of the adjustable damper.

[0042] The clamp can lock and release the adjustment rod, and ensures a gap-free connection between the adjustment rod and the top plate when locked, which helps to fully transmit the vibration of the controlled object to the damping rod. The clamp's fixed portion can be fixed to the top plate or directly connected. This embodiment uses the connection between the fixed portion and the top plate as an example.

[0043] The advantages of the adjustable damper in this embodiment include the following aspects. First, the damping adjustment structure can achieve precise and stepless adjustment of the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping liquid. Second, during the adjustment process, the damping rod moves horizontally up and down relative to the damping liquid. Compared with the up and down movement accompanied by rotation, the advantage of the adjustment method in this embodiment is that the resistance to the up and down movement of the damping rod is small, and the adjustment operation can still be performed relatively easily when the damping rod is large in size or the viscosity of the damping liquid is high. In addition, the degree of stirring of the damping liquid by the damping rod is light when it moves. After the adjustment is in place, the damping liquid can quickly return to its normal state, which can greatly shorten the damper adjustment time and improve the adjustment efficiency, especially for dampers using damping liquid with higher viscosity. Third, the damping adjustment structure can lock and release the damping rod component conveniently, and when locked, it is a gapless connection, which can transmit small vibrations and provide adaptability and reliability of the adjustable damper.

[0044] Example 4 like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the damping cylinder 2 is provided with a fixed interface I 22, the top plate 3 is provided with a fixed interface II 32, the bottom plate 1 is fixed with a sleeve 10', the damping adjustment structure includes a support cylinder 13', an adjusting screw 4, an adjusting rod 8', a hoop and an adjustment hole 31 corresponding to the support cylinder 13' on the top plate 3, the support cylinder 13' is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate 3 and is provided with a through inner cavity, and the top of the support cylinder 13' is provided with a detachable The end cover 14' is provided with a partition 20 on the upper part of the inner cavity, which divides the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition 20 and the end cover 14' are provided with through holes corresponding to the adjusting screw 4. An opening is provided on the lower side wall of the support cylinder 13', and clamping plates 15 are provided on both sides of the opening. The hoop includes a pressure plate 18, an ear plate 16 and a connecting bolt 17. The pressure plate 18 corresponds to the opening of the side wall of the support cylinder 13'. The ear plates 16 are provided on both sides of the pressure plate 18. The ear plates 16 and the clamping plates 15 is provided with corresponding mounting holes, and the connecting bolt 17 is installed in the said mounting hole. The outer diameter of the adjusting rod 8' is adapted to the inner cavity diameter of the support tube 13'. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod 8', and a connecting interface 81 of the adjusting screw 4 is provided in the through hole. The lower end of the adjusting rod 8' is integrated with the damping rod and is installed in the adjusting hole 31 of the top plate and the support tube 13'. The top of the adjusting screw 4 is provided with a wrench interface 41, and a stopper 45 is provided below the wrench interface 41. The adjusting screw 4 passes through the support tube 13' and is connected to the adjusting rod 8'. The stopper 45 is accommodated in the upper chamber of the support tube 13'. The adjusting screw 4 is rotatably connected to the support tube 13' and the adjusting rod 8'. The support tube 13' accommodates the adjusting rod 8'. A vertical observation slot 33 is provided on the side wall of the support tube 13', and a scale II 34 is provided next to the observation slot 33. The end of the adjusting rod 8' is provided with an indicator rod 19, which extends from the observation slot 33.

[0045] During adjustment, loosen the connecting bolts 17 of the pressure plate 18, releasing the adjusting rod 8'. Rotating the adjusting screw 4 then pulls the adjusting rod 8' upward or downward, adjusting the depth of the damping rod's insertion into the damping fluid 21. After adjustment is complete, tighten the connecting bolts 17 of the pressure plate 18. The clamping plate 15 and lug plate 16 securely lock the adjusting rod 8' to the support cylinder 13', allowing the controlled object to vibrate the damping rod in the damping fluid via the fixed interface II 32 of the top plate 3. The observation slot 33, scale II 34, and indicator rod 19 allow for clear and accurate observation of the adjusting rod 8''s position, facilitating damper adjustment. The scale II 34 and indicator rod offer various structural configurations, which will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The purpose of fixing the sleeve to the base plate is to increase the area of the damping rod shearing the damping fluid, thereby improving the damping force and damping coefficient. In practical applications, the sleeve and damping rod can be arranged in a nested multi-layer structure, which is more conducive to increasing the shear area within a limited space.

[0047] Based on the structural principles of this embodiment, the connection between the support tube, the adjustment rod, and the adjustment screw can be modified. The top surface of the support tube can be provided with a threaded hole that mates with the adjustment screw. Accordingly, the bottom end of the adjustment screw can be rotatably connected to the top end of the adjustment rod, thereby still achieving the purpose of driving the adjustment rod and the damping rod up and down by rotating the adjustment screw. These structural modifications will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The adjustable damper in this embodiment uses a support tube, an adjusting screw and an adjusting rod in its damping adjustment structure. The support tube accommodates the adjusting screw and the adjusting rod, which can provide protection for the damping adjustment structure, increase the reliability and service life of the adjustable damper product, and at the same time improve the overall appearance of the adjustable damper.

Claims

1. An adjustable damper comprising a base plate, a damping cylinder, a top plate, a damping rod, and a damping fluid, wherein the damping cylinder is fixed to the base plate, the damping cylinder contains the damping fluid, the damping rod is partially inserted into the damping fluid, the damping cylinder or the base plate is connected to a base structure, and the top plate is connected to a controlled object, characterized in that: It also includes a damping adjustment structure, which is installed on the top plate and connected to the damping rod and adjusts the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid.

2. The adjustable damper according to claim 1, characterized in that The damping adjustment structure includes an adjusting screw, a locking nut, and a threaded hole on the top plate that matches the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw is installed in the threaded hole of the top plate, the locking nut is installed on the adjusting screw and contacts the upper surface of the top plate, the top of the adjusting screw is provided with a wrench interface, and the bottom of the adjusting screw is connected to the damping rod.

3. The adjustable damper according to claim 2, characterized in that The damping adjustment structure also includes a pull-up bolt and a push-down bolt. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting screw, an internal thread is provided on the upper part of the through hole that cooperates with the push-down bolt, and a tapered hole is provided on the lower part of the through hole. The top of the damping rod is provided with a tapered column that cooperates with the tapered hole, and a threaded hole is provided on the axis of the tapered column. When the damping rod is pulled up, the pull-up bolt can pass through the through hole of the adjusting screw, and the bottom is screwed into the threaded hole of the tapered column. The top part abuts against the top surface of the adjusting screw, and the tapered column can be pulled into the tapered hole of the adjusting stud. When the damping rod is pressed down, the push-down bolt is screwed in through the internal thread of the adjusting screw, and the bottom abuts against the top end face of the tapered column, pushing the tapered column away from the tapered hole.

4. The adjustable damper according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The adjusting screw is provided with a scale.

5. The adjustable damper according to claim 1, wherein 4. The repairing kit for automotive dents, according to claim 1, wherein a bottom of the foot stand comprises a through-hole, and the two foot pieces comprise two bosses, wherein the bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. The through-hole comprises a screw bolt, and a nut. The through-hole comprises a screw bolt, and a nut. The two bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. The through-hole comprises a screw bolt, and a nut. The two bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut.

6. The adjustable damper according to claim 1, wherein: The damping adjustment structure includes a support tube, an adjusting screw, an adjusting rod, a clamping hoop, and an adjustment hole on the top plate corresponding to the inner cavity of the support tube. The support tube is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and is provided with a through inner cavity. A detachable end cover is provided on the top of the support tube, and a partition is provided on the upper part of the inner cavity. The partition divides the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. Through holes corresponding to the adjusting screw are provided on the partition and the cover plate. An opening is provided on the lower side wall of the support tube, and clamping plates are provided on both sides of the opening. The clamping hoop includes a pressure plate, an ear plate and a connecting bolt. The pressure plate corresponds to the opening on the side wall of the support tube, and the ear plate is provided on the pressure plate. On both sides of the plate, the ear plate and the clamping plate are provided with corresponding mounting holes, the connecting bolts are provided in the mounting holes, the outer diameter of the adjusting rod is adapted to the inner diameter of the support tube, a through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod, a connecting interface of the adjusting screw is provided in the through hole, the lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the damping rod, and is installed in the adjusting hole of the top plate and the support tube, the top end of the adjusting screw is provided with a wrench interface, and a block is provided under the wrench interface, the adjusting screw passes through the support tube and is connected to the adjusting rod, the block is accommodated in the upper chamber of the support tube, and the adjusting screw is allowed to be rotatably connected to the support tube and the adjusting rod.

7. The adjustable damper according to claim 6, characterized in that A vertical observation slot is provided on the side wall of the support cylinder, a scale is provided next to the observation slot, and an indicator rod is provided at the end of the adjustment rod, which extends out from the observation slot.

8. The adjustable damper according to claim 1, wherein The adjustable damper further comprises a support rod, which is arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate and is connected with the support rod by means of bolts.

9. The adjustable damper according to claim 1, wherein: A flexible protective sleeve is also provided between the top plate and the damping cylinder.

10. The adjustable damper according to claim 1, wherein A core rod or a sleeve is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and the core rod or the sleeve penetrates into the damping rod.

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