Bottom mud sampling device for water conservancy project and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bottom mud sampling, and discloses a bottom mud sampling device for hydraulic engineering and a method thereof.The bottom mud sampling device comprises a fixing frame, supporting rods fixedly penetrate through the four corners of the lower portion of the fixing frame, a treading disc is installed at the top ends of the supporting rods, and a rotating plate is arranged on the fixing frame through a lifting rotating structure; vertical plates are fastened to the two sides of the lower portion of the rotating plate through bolts, two connecting columns are arranged on the vertical plates through flat rotating structures, overturning columns are connected to the ends, away from each other, of the two connecting columns, and sampling structures on the overturning columns are driven to be vertically inserted into bottom mud through a lifting rotating structure; the overturning column can be flattened in the bottom mud by matching with the flattening structure and the first driving structure, and then the flattened overturning column and the sampling structure are driven to integrally rotate and sample by matching with the lifting rotating structure, so that multiple sampling work at different positions in the same area of the bottom mud can be carried out, and the sampling precision is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bottom mud sampling, in particular to a bottom mud sampling device for water conservancy projects and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] "Water conservancy project sediment sampling" refers to the process of collecting sediment samples from the bottom of water bodies in water conservancy projects. Sediment is the sediment at the bottom of water bodies, mainly composed of clay, silt, organic matter and various minerals, which are deposited through long-term physical, chemical and biological processes. The purpose and significance of sediment sampling: The main purpose of sediment sampling is to study the accumulation, distribution, transformation and migration patterns of pollutants discharged into water bodies in the sediment. Through sampling and analysis, the content and properties of pollutants in the sediment can be understood and their impact on the water environment can be assessed. Sampling devices are used during sediment sampling.

[0003] In the prior art bottom mud sampling device, when the sampling drill rod is driven by the rotating motor to drill the soil for sampling, the rotating motor generates vibration to tilt the auxiliary rotating support rod left and right, and the auxiliary rotating support rod abuts against the adjustable top block, and the slidable top block slides backward on the auxiliary limit rod, so that the rear end of the slidable top block abuts against the rubber top block, so that the adjustable top block is abutted and buffered by the rubber top block at the same time, so that the sampling drill rod is corrected and the sampling drill rod can be sampled normally, thereby using machinery instead of manual labor to speed up work efficiency and increase work progress;

[0004] During the actual sampling process, the sample storage tank on the sampling drill rod samples the bottom mud. However, when the sampling drill rod is inserted into the bottom mud, the sample storage tank is prone to sampling the surface soil, which is easily mixed with the sampled bottom mud. In addition, the sampling drill rod can only sample the bottom mud samples at the same position in the bottom mud. Therefore, the sampling accuracy needs to be improved. Therefore, there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a bottom sediment sampling device and method for water conservancy projects.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A bottom sediment sampling device for a water conservancy project comprises a fixing frame, wherein support rods are fixedly passed through the four corners below the fixing frame, a stepping plate is installed on the top of the support rod, a rotating plate is provided on the fixing frame through a lifting and rotating structure, vertical plates are fastened to both sides of the rotating plate by bolts, two connecting columns are provided on the vertical plates through a rotating flat structure, and the two connecting columns are connected to a turning column at one end away from each other, a sampling structure is respectively provided at different positions on each turning column, a first driving structure is provided in the vertical plate, a U-shaped plate is provided on the connecting column through a second driving structure, a crushing structure is provided on the U-shaped plate, an insert block is installed on one end of the U-shaped plate away from the connecting column, and the insert block is conical;

[0008] The flattening structure includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on two vertical plates near the bottom end, a flattening rod fixedly sleeved on the middle of the rotating shaft, and two ends of the flattening rod are respectively connected to two connecting columns;

[0009] The first driving structure includes a first inner groove opened in the vertical plate, a second cylinder is installed on the upper groove wall of the first inner groove, the bottom end of the output shaft of the second cylinder is connected to the first driving frame, the rotating shaft is inserted into the first inner groove and a second gear is fixedly sleeved on one end, and the inner wall of the first driving frame is provided with teeth meshing with the second gear.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing structure includes a plurality of first rotating rods rotatably mounted on a U-shaped plate, a crushing block is mounted on one end of the first rotating rod, a crushing knife is provided on the crushing block, and a third driving structure is provided in the U-shaped plate.

[0011] Preferably, the third driving structure includes a second inner groove opened in the U-shaped plate, a third cylinder is installed on the lower groove wall of the second inner groove, the top end of the output shaft of the third cylinder is connected to the second driving frame, the first rotating rod is inserted into the second inner groove and a third gear is fixedly sleeved on one end, and the inner wall of the second driving frame is provided with teeth meshing with the third gear.

[0012] Preferably, the second driving structure includes a sleeve fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft near one end, a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted on the connecting column, a first gear is installed at one end of the rotating sleeve, a cylinder barrel is installed on the sleeve, one end of the first cylinder output shaft in the cylinder barrel is connected to an L-shaped bar, and the L-shaped bar is provided with teeth meshing with the first gear.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting and rotating structure includes a second rotating rod that rotates and passes through the middle of the upper part of the fixed frame, a rotating wheel is installed at the top of the second rotating rod, a first screw is installed at the bottom end of the second rotating rod, a lifting frame is sleeved on the first screw, guide grooves are provided in the middle of the left and right side surfaces of the fixed frame, the lifting frame is slidably arranged in the guide grooves, a thread groove for the first screw to pass through is provided in the middle of the upper part of the lifting frame, a first motor is installed in the middle of the lower part of the lifting frame, and the bottom end of the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the rotating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the sampling structure includes a plurality of grooves provided on the turning column, a sampling strip is provided in the groove through a rotating structure, a sampling groove is provided at one end of the sampling strip, the sampling strip is an arc-shaped strip, and a slot for movably inserting one end of the sampling strip is provided on the groove wall at one end of the groove.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating structure includes a third inner groove provided in the flip column, a plurality of third rotating rods are provided in the third inner groove, each of the third rotating rods is arranged corresponding to the position of each sampling strip, and the plurality of third rotating rods are rotatably connected to each other, one end of the two third rotating rods at both ends is rotatably connected to the end groove wall of the third inner groove, a fourth gear is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of each third rotating rod, and a rotating handle is fixedly sleeved on the fourth gear of each third rotating rod, a through groove is provided in the inner groove wall of the third inner groove near each third rotating rod, the through groove connects the groove, one end of the rotating handle passes through the through groove and is connected to the inner wall of the sampling strip, a fixed tube is connected to the inner wall of the third inner groove near each third rotating rod, a first insertion rod is movably inserted into the fixed tube, one end of the first insertion rod is connected to a driving block, and the driving block is provided with teeth meshing with the fourth gear, a spring is sleeved on the first insertion rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the fixed tube and the driving block, and a pushing structure is provided in the third inner groove.

[0016] Preferably, the pushing structure includes a first insertion groove provided at the upper side of the driving block away from the third rotating rod, an extrusion groove is provided in the middle of one side of the driving block, and a second insertion groove connected to the bottom end of the extrusion groove is provided below one side of the driving block, and the second screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the third inner groove, and a second motor is installed on the groove wall at the other end of the third inner groove, and one end of the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the second screw, and a movable sleeve is sleeved on the second screw, and a thread is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve, and the upper edge of the movable sleeve moves through the limit rod, and the two ends of the limit rod are respectively connected to the two end groove walls of the third inner groove, and the side of the movable sleeve is connected to the second insertion rod.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for sampling sediment for water conservancy projects, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0018] A method for sampling sediment for a water conservancy project comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Insert the support rod on the fixing frame into the ground at the sampling location to provide stable support for the fixing frame;

[0020] Step 2: Use the lifting and rotating structure to drive the turning plate downward and completely insert the two turning columns into the bottom mud;

[0021] Step 3: Use the second driving structure to rotate the two U-shaped plates, rotating one of the U-shaped plates to the front side of the corresponding flip column, and the other U-shaped plate to the rear side of the corresponding flip column;

[0022] Step 4: The first drive structure in the vertical plate drives the two turning columns to rotate to a horizontal state. During the rotation process, the third drive structure in the U-shaped plate drives the crushing structure to rotate. Foreign matter in the bottom mud is crushed during the turning column flattening process, so that the turning column can be smoothly flattened. After flattening, the second drive structure drives the U-shaped plate to reset.

[0023] Step 5: The lifting and rotating structure drives the rotating plate and the turning column to rotate in the bottom mud. During the rotation of the turning column, the rotating structure can push the intermittently open sampling structure to perform sampling work at different positions in the same area of the bottom mud;

[0024] Step 6: Finally, pull out the flip column from the bottom mud to complete the sampling work.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention is provided with a lifting and rotating structure, a sampling structure, a flattening structure, and a first driving structure, as well as two turning columns. The lifting and rotating structure and the sampling structure on the turning column are vertically inserted into the bottom mud. In conjunction with the flattening structure and the first driving structure, the turning column can be flattened in the bottom mud. The lifting and rotating structure then drives the flattened turning column and the sampling structure to rotate as a whole for sampling. This allows multiple sampling operations at different positions in the same area of the bottom mud, greatly improving the sampling accuracy.

[0027] 2. The present invention provides a sampling structure, a rotating structure, and a pushing structure, so that the flip column and the sampling structure as a whole rotate during the process of turning flat. The pushing structure and the rotating structure intermittently open and close the sampling strips on each flip column, so that sampling can be performed at different positions during the rotation of the flip column. In addition, when the flip column is inserted into the bottom mud, the sampling strips are in a closed state, and the sampling strips are closed in time after sampling, further improving the sampling accuracy.

[0028] 3. The present invention provides a U-shaped plate, a second driving structure, a third driving structure and a crushing structure. The U-shaped plate and the crushing structure can be rotated on the flip column by the second driving structure, and the crushing structure can be driven to rotate by the third driving structure. When the flip column is flattened and rotated for sampling after flattening, the rotating crushing structure is used to crush foreign matter encountered during the rotation of the flip column, so that the rotation of the flip column and the sampling structure is smoother. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the vertical plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at point B;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the U-shaped plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure at C;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flip column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 A magnified view of the structure at D;

[0038] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the driving block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. fixing frame; 2. supporting rod; 3. stepping plate; 4. rotating plate; 5. vertical plate; 6. rotating shaft; 7. rotating rod; 8. connecting column; 9. turning column; 10. U-shaped plate; 11. insert block; 12. first rotating rod; 13. crushing block; 14. crushing knife; 15. cylinder barrel; 16. L-shaped bar; 17. sleeve plate; 18. first gear; 19. rotating sleeve; 20. first inner groove; 21. second cylinder; 22. first driving frame; 23. second gear; 24. second inner groove; 25. third cylinder; 26. second driving frame; 27. Third gear; 28. Second rotating rod; 29. Rotating wheel; 30. Guide groove; 31. Lifting frame; 32. First screw; 33. Groove; 34. Sampling strip; 35. Slot; 36. Third inner groove; 37. Third rotating rod; 38. Rotating handle; 39. Through groove; 40. Fourth gear; 41. Fixed tube; 42. First insertion rod; 43. Spring; 44. Driving block; 45. Second screw; 46. Limit rod; 47. Moving sleeve; 48. Second insertion rod; 49. First insertion groove; 50. Extrusion groove; 51. Second insertion groove; 52. First motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is combined with Figures 1-10 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a bottom sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-10 A bottom sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects includes a fixed frame 1, support rods 2 are fixed through the four corners below the fixed frame 1, a stepping plate 3 is installed on the top of the support rod 2, a rotating plate 4 is provided on the fixed frame 1 through a lifting and rotating structure, vertical plates 5 are fastened to both sides of the rotating plate 4 by bolts, two connecting columns 8 are provided on the vertical plates 5 through a flattening structure, and the two connecting columns 8 are connected to a turning column 9 at one end away from each other, and sampling structures are respectively provided at different positions on each turning column 9, a first driving structure is provided in the vertical plate 5, a U-shaped plate 10 is provided on the connecting column 8 through a second driving structure, a crushing structure is provided on the U-shaped plate 10, and an insert 11 is installed at the end of the U-shaped plate 10 away from the connecting column 8, and the insert 11 is conical;

[0043] The leveling structure includes a rotating shaft 6 rotatably mounted on two vertical plates 5 near the bottom end, a leveling rod 7 fixedly sleeved on the middle of the rotating shaft 6, and the two ends of the leveling rod 7 are respectively connected to two connecting columns 8;

[0044] The first driving structure includes a first inner groove 20 provided in the vertical plate 5. A second cylinder 21 is installed on the upper groove wall of the first inner groove 20. The bottom end of the output shaft of the second cylinder 21 is connected to the first driving frame 22. The rotating shaft 6 is rotated and inserted into the first inner groove 20. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a second gear 23. The inner wall of the first driving frame 22 is provided with teeth that mesh with the second gear 23.

[0045] The lifting and rotating structure includes a second rotating rod 28 that rotates through the middle of the upper part of the fixed frame 1, a rotating wheel 29 is installed at the top of the second rotating rod 28, and a first screw 32 is installed at the bottom end of the second rotating rod 28. A lifting frame 31 is sleeved on the first screw 32. Guide grooves 30 are opened in the middle of the left and right sides of the fixed frame 1, and the lifting frame 31 is slidably set in the guide grooves 30. A threaded groove for the first screw 32 to pass through is opened in the middle of the upper part of the lifting frame 31, and a first motor 52 is installed in the middle of the lower part of the lifting frame 31. The bottom end of the output shaft of the first motor 52 is connected to the rotating plate 4. When sampling, the second rotating rod 28 and the first screw 32 are rotated as a whole by the rotating wheel 29, and the lifting frame 31 moves downward on the rotating first screw 32, driving the flip column 9 and the sampling structure as a whole to be inserted into the bottom mud, and then the second cylinder 21 is started to drive the first driving frame 22 to move upward in the first inner groove 20, and the rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate through the second gear 23 to make the flip column 9 rotate to a horizontal state for sampling.

[0046] See also Figure 4-Figure 7 The crushing structure includes a plurality of first rotating rods 12 rotatably mounted on a U-shaped plate 10, a crushing block 13 is mounted on one end of the first rotating rod 12, a crushing knife 14 is provided on the crushing block 13, and a third driving structure is provided in the U-shaped plate 10;

[0047] The third driving structure includes a second inner groove 24 defined in the U-shaped plate 10. A third cylinder 25 is mounted on the lower wall of the second inner groove 24. The top end of the output shaft of the third cylinder 25 is connected to a second driving frame 26. A third gear 27 is fixedly mounted on one end of the first rotating rod 12 inserted into the second inner groove 24. The inner wall of the second driving frame 26 is provided with teeth that mesh with the third gear 27.

[0048] The second driving structure includes a sleeve 17 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 6 near one end, a rotating sleeve 19 is rotatably sleeved on the connecting column 8, and a first gear 18 is installed on one end of the rotating sleeve 19. The cylinder barrel 15 is installed on the sleeve 17. One end of the first cylinder output shaft in the cylinder barrel 15 is connected to the L-shaped bar 16, and the L-shaped bar 16 is provided with teeth meshing with the first gear 18. Before the flip column 9 rotates, the first cylinder in the cylinder barrel 15 on the sleeve 17 is started to drive the L-shaped bar 16 to move, and the first gear 18 drives the rotating sleeve 19 and the U-shaped plate 10 to rotate on the connecting column 8 as a whole. Then, during the rotation of the flip column 9, the third cylinder 25 is started to drive the second driving frame 26 to move back and forth in the second inner groove 24, and the third gear 27 drives multiple groups of first rotating rods 12, crushing blocks 13 and crushing knives 14 to rotate back and forth as a whole. The rotating crushing knife 14 is used to crush foreign objects encountered during the rotation of the flip column 9, making the rotation of the flip column 9 smoother.

[0049] See also Figures 8-10 The sampling structure includes a plurality of grooves 33 provided on the turning column 9, a sampling strip 34 is provided in the groove 33 through a rotating structure, a sampling groove is provided at one end of the sampling strip 34, the sampling strip 34 is an arc-shaped strip, and a slot 35 for movably inserting one end of the sampling strip 34 is provided on the groove wall at one end of the groove 33;

[0050] The rotating structure includes a third inner groove 36 opened in the turning column 9, and a plurality of third rotating rods 37 are set in the third inner groove 36. Each third rotating rod 37 is set corresponding to the position of each sampling strip 34. The plurality of third rotating rods 37 are rotatably connected to each other. One end of the two third rotating rods 37 at both ends is rotatably connected to the end groove wall of the third inner groove 36. A fourth gear 40 is fixedly sleeved on the middle of each third rotating rod 37. A rotating handle 38 is fixedly sleeved on each third rotating rod 37 at the fourth gear 40. The inner groove wall of the third inner groove 36 is close to each third rotating rod 37. A through slot 39 is provided at each end, which is connected to the groove 33. One end of the rotating handle 38 passes through the through slot 39 and is connected to the inner wall of the sampling strip 34. A fixed tube 41 is connected to the inner wall of the third inner groove 36 near each third rotating rod 37. A first insertion rod 42 is movably inserted into the fixed tube 41. One end of the first insertion rod 42 is connected to a driving block 44. The driving block 44 is provided with teeth that mesh with the fourth gear 40. A spring 43 is sleeved on the first insertion rod 42. The two ends of the spring 43 are respectively connected to the fixed tube 41 and the driving block 44. A pushing structure is provided in the third inner groove 36.

[0051] The pushing structure includes a first insertion groove 49 opened on the upper side of the driving block 44 away from the third rotating rod 37, an extrusion groove 50 is opened in the middle of the side of the driving block 44, and a second insertion groove 51 connected to the bottom end of the extrusion groove 50 is opened below the side of the driving block 44. The second screw 45 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the third inner groove 36, and a second motor is installed on the groove wall of the other end of the third inner groove 36. One end of the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the second screw 45. A movable sleeve 47 is sleeved on the second screw 45, and a thread is set on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 47. The upper edge of the movable sleeve 47 is movable The first motor 52 is then started to drive the rotating plate 4 and the flip column 9 after being flattened to rotate as a whole. During the rotation of the flip column 9, the second motor in the third inner groove 36 is started to drive the second screw 45 to rotate. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod 46, the movable sleeve 47 moves on the rotating second screw 45. When the movable sleeve 47 is moved, the first motor 52 is started to drive the U-shaped plate 10 to reset on the connecting column 8. When the second insertion rod 48 is driven to move to the driving block 44, as the movable sleeve 47 continues to move, the movable sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to slide in the first insertion groove 49, the extrusion groove 50 and the second insertion groove 51 of the corresponding driving block 44. The second insertion rod 48 squeezes the groove wall of the extrusion groove 50, pushing the driving block 44 to pull the first insertion rod 42 to move in the fixed tube 41, compressing the spring 43. In the process of moving, the driving block 44 drives the corresponding third rotating rod 37 to rotate through the fourth gear 40, and drives the corresponding sampling strip 34 through the rotating handle 38. When the movable sleeve 47 rotates and opens in the corresponding groove 33, and then drives the second insertion rod 48 to disengage from the corresponding driving block 44, the elastic force of the spring 43 is used to reset the driving block 44 and the sampling strip 34. In this way, the bottom mud at the corresponding position can be sampled into the sampling groove of the sampling strip 34 by opening and closing the sampling strip 34. Finally, as the movable sleeve 47 continues to move, the remaining sampling strips 34 can continue to be opened and closed. Therefore, during the rotation of the flip column 9, each sampling strip 34 can sample the bottom mud samples at different positions, thereby improving the sampling quality.

[0052] The present invention also discloses a method for sampling sediment for a water conservancy project, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Insert the support rod 2 on the fixing frame 1 into the ground at the location to be sampled to provide stable support for the fixing frame 1;

[0054] Step 2: The rotating plate 4 is driven downward by the lifting and rotating structure to completely insert the two turning columns 9 into the bottom mud;

[0055] Step 3: The two U-shaped plates 10 are rotated by the second driving structure, so that one of the U-shaped plates 10 is rotated to the front side of the corresponding flip column 9, and the other U-shaped plate 10 is rotated to the rear side of the corresponding flip column 9;

[0056] Step 4: The first drive mechanism in the vertical plate 5 drives the two turning columns 9 to rotate to a horizontal state. During the rotation process, the third drive mechanism in the U-shaped plate 10 drives the crushing structure to rotate. Foreign matter in the bottom mud is crushed during the turning process of the turning columns 9, so that the turning columns 9 can turn flat smoothly. After turning flat, the second drive mechanism drives the U-shaped plate 10 to reset.

[0057] Step 5: The lifting and rotating structure drives the rotating plate 4 and the turning column 9 to rotate in the bottom mud. During the rotation process, the turning column 9 can push the intermittently open sampling structure through the rotating structure, so as to perform sampling work at different positions of the same area of the bottom mud;

[0058] Step six: Finally, the sampling work is completed by extracting the flip column 9 from the bottom mud.

[0059] The implementation principle of a bottom mud sampling device and method for water conservancy projects according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, the support rod 2 is inserted into the ground to support the fixed frame 1, and then the second rotating rod 28 and the first screw 32 are rotated as a whole by the rotating wheel 29, and the lifting frame 31 moves downward on the rotating first screw 32, driving the flip column 9 and the sampling structure as a whole to be inserted into the bottom mud, and then the second cylinder 21 is started to drive the first driving frame 22 to move upward in the first inner groove 20, and the second gear 23 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate to rotate the flip column 9 to a horizontal state, and before the flip column 9 rotates, the first cylinder in the cylinder barrel 15 on the sleeve plate 17 is started to drive the L-shaped bar 16 to move , the first gear 18 drives the rotating sleeve 19 and the U-shaped plate 10 to rotate on the connecting column 8 as a whole. Then, during the rotation of the flip column 9, the third cylinder 25 is started to drive the second driving frame 26 to move back and forth in the second inner groove 24. The third gear 27 drives multiple groups of first rotating rods 12, crushing blocks 13 and crushing knives 14 to rotate back and forth as a whole. The rotating crushing knives 14 are used to crush foreign objects encountered during the rotation of the flip column 9, so that the flip column 9 rotates more smoothly. After the flip column 9 is flattened, the first cylinder is continued to be started to drive the U-shaped plate 10 to reset on the connecting column 8, and then the first motor 52 is started to drive the rotating plate 4 and the flip column 9 after flattening to rotate as a whole. When the turning column 9 rotates, the second motor in the third inner groove 36 is started to drive the second screw 45 to rotate. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod 46, the movable sleeve 47 moves on the rotating second screw 45. When the movable sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to move to the driving block 44, as the movable sleeve 47 continues to move, the movable sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to slide in the first insertion groove 49, the extrusion groove 50 and the second insertion groove 51 of the corresponding driving block 44. The second insertion rod 48 squeezes the groove wall of the extrusion groove 50 to push the driving block 44 to pull the first insertion rod 42 to move in the fixed tube 41, compressing the spring 43. The corresponding third rotating rod 37 is driven to rotate by the fourth gear 40, and the corresponding sampling strip 34 is driven to rotate and open in the corresponding groove 33 by the rotating handle 38. Then, when the movable sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to disengage from the corresponding driving block 44, the elastic force of the spring 43 is used to reset the driving block 44 and the sampling strip 34. In this way, the bottom mud at the corresponding position can be sampled into the sampling groove of the sampling strip 34 by opening and closing the sampling strip 34. Finally, as the movable sleeve 47 continues to move, the remaining sampling strips 34 can continue to be opened and closed. Therefore, during the rotation of the flip column 9, each sampling strip 34 can sample the bottom mud samples at different positions, thereby improving the sampling quality.

[0060] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sediment sampling device for a water conservancy project, comprising a fixing frame (1), characterized in that: The four corners below the fixing frame (1) are all fixed with support rods (2), and a pedal plate (3) is installed on the top of the support rod (2). A rotating plate (4) is provided on the fixing frame (1) through a lifting and rotating structure. Vertical plates (5) are fastened to both sides of the rotating plate (4) by bolts. Two connecting columns (8) are provided on the vertical plates (5) through a flattening structure. The two connecting columns (8) are connected to a flip column (9) at one end away from each other. Sampling structures are respectively provided at different positions on each flip column (9). A first driving structure is provided in the vertical plate (5). A U-shaped plate (10) is provided on the connecting column (8) through a second driving structure. A crushing structure is provided on the U-shaped plate (10). An insert (11) is installed at one end of the U-shaped plate (10) away from the connecting column (8). The insert (11) is conical. The flattening structure comprises a rotating shaft (6) rotatably mounted on two vertical plates (5) near the bottom end, a flattening rod (7) fixedly sleeved on the middle of the rotating shaft (6), and two ends of the flattening rod (7) are respectively connected to two connecting columns (8); The first driving structure includes a first inner groove (20) provided in the vertical plate (5), a second cylinder (21) is installed on the upper groove wall of the first inner groove (20), the bottom end of the output shaft of the second cylinder (21) is connected to the first driving frame (22), the rotating shaft (6) is rotated and inserted into the first inner groove (20), and a second gear (23) is fixedly sleeved on one end, and the inner wall of the first driving frame (22) is provided with teeth meshing with the second gear (23).

2. A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing structure comprises a plurality of first rotating rods (12) rotatably mounted on a U-shaped plate (10), a crushing block (13) being mounted on one end of the first rotating rod (12), a crushing knife (14) being provided on the crushing block (13), and a third driving structure being provided in the U-shaped plate (10).

3. A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third driving structure includes a second inner groove (24) provided in the U-shaped plate (10), a third cylinder (25) is installed on the lower groove wall of the second inner groove (24), the top end of the output shaft of the third cylinder (25) is connected to the second driving frame (26), the first rotating rod (12) is inserted into the second inner groove (24), and a third gear (27) is fixedly sleeved on one end thereof, and the inner wall of the second driving frame (26) is provided with teeth meshing with the third gear (27).

4. A bottom mud sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving structure includes a sleeve (17) fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (6) near one end thereof, a rotating sleeve (19) rotatably mounted on the connecting column (8), a first gear (18) being mounted on one end of the rotating sleeve (19), a cylinder barrel (15) being mounted on the sleeve (17), an L-shaped bar (16) being connected to one end of the first cylinder output shaft in the cylinder barrel (15), and the L-shaped bar (16) being provided with teeth meshing with the first gear (18).

5. The bottom sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and rotating structure comprises a second rotating rod (28) that rotates and passes through the middle of the upper part of the fixed frame (1), a rotating wheel (29) is installed at the top end of the second rotating rod (28), a first screw (32) is installed at the bottom end of the second rotating rod (28), a lifting frame (31) is sleeved on the first screw (32), a guide groove (30) is provided in the middle of the left and right side surfaces of the fixed frame (1), the lifting frame (31) is slidably arranged in the guide groove (30), a thread groove for the first screw (32) to pass through is provided in the middle of the upper part of the lifting frame (31), a first motor (52) is installed in the middle of the lower part of the lifting frame (31), and the bottom end of the output shaft of the first motor (52) is connected to the rotating plate (4).

6. The bottom sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling structure comprises a plurality of grooves (33) provided on a turning column (9), wherein a sampling strip (34) is provided in the groove (33) via a rotating structure, wherein one end of the sampling strip (34) is provided with a sampling groove, wherein the sampling strip (34) is an arc-shaped strip, and a slot (35) for movably inserting one end of the sampling strip (34) is provided on a groove wall at one end of the groove (33).

7. A bottom sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a third inner groove (36) provided in the turning column (9), a plurality of third rotating rods (37) are provided in the third inner groove (36), each of the third rotating rods (37) is provided corresponding to the position of each sampling strip (34), and the plurality of third rotating rods (37) are rotatably connected to each other, and one end of the two third rotating rods (37) at both ends is rotatably connected to the end groove wall of the third inner groove (36), and a fourth gear (40) is fixedly sleeved on the middle of each third rotating rod (37), and a rotating handle (38) is fixedly sleeved on each third rotating rod (37) at the fourth gear (40), and a through hole is provided on the inner groove wall of the third inner groove (36) near each third rotating rod (37). The third inner groove (36) is provided with a spring (43), and the two ends of the spring (43) are connected to the inner wall of the sampling strip (34). The inner wall of the third inner groove (36) is connected to a fixed tube (41) near each third rotating rod (37). The first insertion rod (42) is movably inserted into the fixed tube (41). One end of the first insertion rod (42) is connected to a driving block (44). The driving block (44) is provided with teeth meshing with the fourth gear (40). The first insertion rod (42) is provided with a spring (43). The two ends of the spring (43) are respectively connected to the fixed tube (41) and the driving block (44). A pushing structure is provided in the third inner groove (36).

8. The bottom sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pushing structure includes a first insertion groove (49) provided on a side surface of the driving block (44) away from the third rotating rod (37), an extrusion groove (50) provided in the middle of the side surface of the driving block (44), and a second insertion groove (51) provided below the side surface of the driving block (44) to communicate with the bottom end of the extrusion groove (50). The inner wall of one end of the third inner groove (36) is rotatably connected to the second screw rod (45), and the groove wall of the other end of the third inner groove (36) is installed with a second motor. One end of the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the second screw rod (45), and a movable sleeve (47) is sleeved on the second screw rod (45). The inner wall of the movable sleeve (47) is provided with a thread. The upper edge of the movable sleeve (47) is movable through the limiting rod (46), and the two ends of the limiting rod (46) are respectively connected to the two end groove walls of the third inner groove (36). The side of the movable sleeve (47) is connected to the second insertion rod (48).

9. A method for sampling sediment for a water conservancy project, characterized by: The sediment sampling method uses a sediment sampling device for a water conservancy project as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Insert the upper support rod (2) of the fixing frame (1) into the ground at the location to be sampled to provide stable support for the fixing frame (1); Step 2: The rotating plate (4) is driven downward by the lifting and rotating structure to completely insert the two turning columns (9) into the bottom mud; Step 3: Rotate the two U-shaped plates (10) through the second driving structure, rotate one of the U-shaped plates (10) to the front side of the corresponding turning column (9), and rotate the other U-shaped plate (10) to the rear side of the corresponding turning column (9); Step 4: The first drive mechanism in the vertical plate (5) drives the two turning columns (9) to rotate to a horizontal state, and during the rotation process, the third drive mechanism in the U-shaped plate (10) drives the crushing structure to rotate, crushing foreign matter in the bottom mud during the turning process of the turning columns (9), so that the turning columns (9) can be turned smoothly, and after the turning is done, the second drive mechanism drives the U-shaped plate (10) to reset. Step 5: The rotating plate (4) and the turning column (9) are driven to rotate in the bottom mud by the lifting and rotating structure. During the rotation of the turning column (9), the rotating structure can push the intermittently open sampling structure, thereby performing sampling work at different positions in the same area of the bottom mud; Step 6: Finally, the sampling work is completed by extracting the flip column (9) from the bottom mud.

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