Automatic generation method for lifting beam type wood structure building model and construction drawing

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic generation method for a beam-lifting wood structure building model and a construction drawing, and aims to solve the problem that research and practice for realizing automatic generation of components of a beam-lifting wood structure building in the prior art are still relatively deficient on the premise of strictly following a traditional construction rule. The method comprises the following steps: determining a building plane range of a beam-lifting wood structure building, determining a building overall layout according to building preset parameters input by a user, generating a building plane axis, generating a foundation support column component based on the building preset parameters and an axis grid according to corresponding building specifications, and constructing a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system. Automatically calculating and generating a roof support member and an auxiliary connection and support member to form a complete wood structure building model; after modeling and node derivation are completed, building construction drawings and drawings and control data used for CNC machining are automatically generated; and a two-dimensional expansion graph is generated, and a three-dimensional processing model is synchronously exported. According to the invention, the problems are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings. Background Art

[0002] The main house of a traditional courtyard residence, a typical raised-beam timber structure, is a vital component of ancient Chinese architecture, carrying a rich tapestry of historical and cultural heritage and traditional architectural wisdom. Its design and construction adhere to strict architectural codes, such as those of the Qing Dynasty. Its component layout, beam system, and connection points all embody rigorous craftsmanship and a unique spatial aesthetic. Traditional design methods largely rely on designers and craftsmen drawing on their personal experience through on-site surveying, manual drafting, and fabrication. This not only results in lengthy design cycles but also introduces significant subjectivity and uncertainty in parameter determination and detailed construction, making it difficult to meet the production and standardization requirements of fields such as the restoration, preservation, and construction of ancient buildings.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of digital technology and parametric design methods, Grasshopper, a parametric modeling tool based on the Rhino platform, has been widely used in the design and optimization of modern architecture. Grasshopper provides flexible parameter control and automated generation capabilities, enabling rapid generation of design solutions based on preset conditions, significantly improving design efficiency and accuracy. However, while the industry currently focuses primarily on the design and automated construction of modern buildings, research and practice on automated component generation for traditional dwellings, particularly raised-beam timber structures, while strictly adhering to traditional construction practices, remains relatively lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a method for automatically generating a model and construction drawings of a raised-beam timber structure building, aiming to solve the problem that the existing technology of raised-beam timber structure buildings is still relatively lacking in research and practice on automatically generating components under the premise of strictly following traditional construction rules.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings is provided, the method comprising the following steps S1 to S3.

[0006] S1. Determine the building plan range of the raised-beam timber structure building, determine the overall building layout based on the user-entered building preset parameters, and generate the building plan axis, forming an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam timber structure buildings; the building preset parameters include the building orientation, the number of bays and depths, whether there are front and rear eaves, positioning points, and foundation column diameters; the axis grid includes the central axis, bays, depths, longitudinal axes, and transverse axes; the central axis is set based on the center of the front facade and the building orientation, and the front facade center refers to the geometric center position of the facade directly in front of the building; the bay and depth spacing is determined by the module and foundation column diameter, and finally a complete plan axis grid is generated to provide a basis for component positioning;

[0007] S2, according to the relevant building specifications, based on the building preset parameters and axis grid, the basic support column components are generated, and the column diameter of the basic support column components is the basic column diameter; according to the positioning information and related size parameters of the basic support column components, a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system is constructed through a parametric program to generate the three-dimensional positioning points, reference lines and component distribution scheme of the beam frame components; according to the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules, the roof support components are automatically calculated and generated to ensure the natural transition of the roof curve and load transfer; based on the beam frame structure and roof support components, auxiliary connections and support components are automatically generated to form a complete wooden structure building model.

[0008] After completing modeling and node derivation, S3 automatically generates construction drawings and drawings and control data for CNC processing. Based on the generated parametric model, it extracts the size, number, and node position information of each component, generates a two-dimensional unfolded diagram, and automatically marks cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the digital processing accuracy and process requirements. It also simultaneously exports the three-dimensional processing model, generates local magnified views for complex nodes, and optimizes mortise and tenon details to adapt to the corresponding processing equipment in a standard form.

[0009] In the above scheme, optionally, after generating a complete wooden structure building model, the building construction drawings are automatically output. The building construction drawings include plan views, elevation views and sections, realizing the linkage between modeling and drawings. The plan views are generated according to the parameters of span, depth and column position, and the positions and numbers of various components are marked; the elevation views and sections are projected through the model to show the details of setbacks, pads and mortise and tenon joints; the building construction drawings support real-time updates as parameters are modified, and support the export of multiple computer-aided design file formats.

[0010] In the above solution, optionally, step S2 includes the following contents.

[0011] The basic supporting column components include eaves columns and gold columns. The eaves columns are located outside the building to support the eaves part; the gold columns are located inside the building to support the beam structure; the eaves columns and gold columns are arranged along the width direction, and the taper and side feet are automatically set; the eaves columns and gold columns have the same column diameter, which is the basic column diameter; the height of the eaves columns is set according to the basic column diameter, and the height of the gold columns is calculated based on the lifting coefficient and the step frame width.

[0012] The beam frame components include a head beam, five-frame beams, three-frame beams, melon columns and a spine.

[0013] The roof supporting components include beam components and purlin components. Various types of beam components are automatically generated according to the plane grid axis, building preset parameters, basic support column components, and beam frame structure. During generation, each beam component is automatically connected with the beam and purlin to ensure structural continuity; according to the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules, the purlin components are automatically generated through a parametric program. Before generation, the lifting height is calculated first, and the purlin elevation is derived according to the step frame length and the lifting coefficient to achieve Z-axis positioning and ensure a natural transition of the roof curve; the purlin diameter is derived according to the foundation column diameter, and the specific size is adjusted according to the span and load; thereby achieving a natural transition of the roof curve and effective support of the load.

[0014] The auxiliary connection and support components include: pads, rafters, fascia and eaves; wherein, the pads are automatically inserted according to the corresponding beam components before the purlins are generated, and the size of the pads is determined according to the diameter of the foundation column, and automatically aligned with the adjacent components to ensure accuracy; the rafters are distributed on the purlins, and after the purlins are generated, the rafters are automatically arranged according to the roof shape and the step frame logic, with the direction parallel to the axis and the number determined by the segment length; the starting and ending points of the rafters are located between the top surfaces of adjacent purlins, and the inclination angle is determined by the height and the step frame width The cross-sectional dimensions are determined by the foundation column diameter; the lookout board is located on the rafters. After the rafters are generated, the lookout board is positioned by the upper surface of the rafters, and is automatically laid according to the distribution of the rafters, arranged along the roof slope, and covering the entire roof; the eaves are composed of flying rafters, lookout board extensions, and jibs. After the rafters are generated, the eaves length is automatically calculated and generated according to the eaves column height and the upper projection ratio; the eaves slope is adjusted according to the frame, and the edge details are generated according to the rules to ensure the continuity and unity of the roof structure.

[0015] In the above solution, optionally, when generating the basic support column components, beam components, roof support components and auxiliary connection and support components, mortise and tenon joints are automatically preset.

[0016] In the above scheme, optionally, step S2 also includes: using the parametric design tools and rule library built into Grasshopper, and combining the Qing Dynasty construction rules and the Qing Dynasty engineering practice rules, to achieve accurate restoration of the shapes of each component of the beam frame and the connection nodes.

[0017] In the above scheme, optionally, the generation of the axis grid includes: according to the preset building parameters input by the user, including the length, width, building orientation, and whether the front and rear eaves corridors are set, providing basic data for the subsequent plane axis grid generation; according to the column diameter, the range of the width ratio of the bright room, the width ratio of the secondary and end-to-end room, the depth of the eaves corridor, the depth of the golden step, and the depth of the ridge step parameters, combined with the length and width of the rectangular plane, calculating the number of bays and depths of the building; according to the plane size and orientation of the building, determining the center point of the front facade of the building; taking the center point of the front facade of the building as the reference, combined with the building orientation, generating an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam wooden structure buildings.

[0018] The axis grid includes longitudinal and transverse axes. The longitudinal axis is divided by the width of the rectangular plane in the length direction according to the number of bays. The distance between two adjacent longitudinal axes represents one bay, and the spacing is calculated based on the width ratio. The transverse axis is divided by the depth of the rectangular plane in the width direction according to the number of depths. The distance between two adjacent transverse axes represents one depth, and the spacing is calculated based on the depth ratio.

[0019] In the second aspect, a device for automatically generating a raised-beam wooden structure building model and construction drawings is provided, comprising: a parameter processing module, a model generation module, and a drawing and model export module.

[0020] The parameter processing module is used to determine the building plane range of the raised-beam wooden structure building, determine the overall layout of the building and generate the building plane axis according to the building preset parameters input by the user, and form an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of the traditional raised-beam wooden structure building; the building preset parameters include the building orientation, the number of bays and depths, whether there are front and rear eaves, positioning points, and foundation column diameters; the axis grid includes the central axis, bays, depths, longitudinal axes and transverse axes; wherein the central axis is set according to the center of the front facade and the building orientation, and the center of the front facade refers to the geometric center position of the facade directly in front of the building; the bay and depth spacing is determined by the module and the foundation column diameter, and finally a complete plane axis grid is generated to provide a basis for component positioning.

[0021] The model generation module is used to generate basic support column components based on the building preset parameters and axis grid in accordance with the corresponding building specifications, and the column diameter of the basic support column components is the basic column diameter; based on the positioning information and related size parameters of the basic support column components, a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system is constructed through a parametric program to generate three-dimensional positioning points, reference lines and component distribution plans for the beam frame components; based on the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules, the roof support components are automatically calculated and generated to ensure the natural transition of the roof curve and load transfer; based on the beam frame structure and roof support components, auxiliary connections and support components are automatically generated to form a complete wooden structure building model.

[0022] The drawing and model export module automatically generates construction drawings and drawings and control data for CNC processing after completing modeling and node derivation. Based on the generated parametric model, it extracts the size, number, and node position information of each component, generates a two-dimensional unfolded view, and automatically marks cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the digital processing accuracy and process requirements. It also simultaneously exports the three-dimensional processing model, generates local magnified views for complex nodes, and optimizes mortise and tenon details to adapt to the corresponding processing equipment in a standard form.

[0023] In a third aspect, a computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above method.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product comprises a computer program or instructions, which implement the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0026] Compared with the existing technology, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: Based on further analysis and research on the existing technical problems, this application recognizes that the existing technology is still relatively lacking in research and practice on the automatic generation of components under the premise of strictly following traditional construction rules in the field of raised-beam timber structure buildings. By proposing a method for automatically generating a model and construction drawings of a raised-beam timber structure building, including generating an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of a traditional raised-beam timber structure building according to the architectural preset parameters input by the user, constructing a three-dimensional beam positioning and reference system according to architectural specifications, generating standardized beam frame components and their connection nodes, and outputting a complete three-dimensional building model and component construction drawings, the effect of significantly improving design efficiency and accuracy, realizing component standardization, and meeting the production and standardization requirements in the fields of ancient building restoration, protection and construction is achieved.

[0027] This application combines the historical design specifications of the main house of traditional raised-beam timber-framed buildings with the Grasshopper parametric program, achieving the automation, standardization, and digital transformation of the traditional architectural design process, and has broad engineering applications and promotion prospects.

[0028] This application also has at least the following beneficial effects.

[0029] 1. Improve design efficiency: Use the Grasshopper parametric program to automatically generate building plan axes, 3D beam components, and connection nodes, significantly shortening the design cycle and reducing the workload of traditional manual drawing and repeated revisions.

[0030] 2. Ensure component standardization and refinement: Automatically generate components and their connection nodes based on Qing-style construction rules and parametric regulations, accurately recreating the architectural style of the main house of a traditional raised-beam timber structure building while ensuring the standardization, modularity, and reusability of component size and node design.

[0031] 3. Promote digital processing and assembly. The exported overall 3D model and component drawings can be directly used for digital processing, supporting modern manufacturing processes such as CNC processing and 3D printing, significantly improving production and processing efficiency, and providing accurate data support for assembly construction, thereby further improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings provided in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 A general diagram is provided for one embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 3 A flowchart of the working system of a method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 4 A program framework diagram of a method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the parameter generation process of a method for automatically generating a raised-beam wooden structure building model and construction drawings in one embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 6 A diagram of the automated generation process of building components provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a building construction drawing provided for one embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a component processing model provided for one embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 9 A current map of a courtyard site of a certain quadrangle building is provided for one embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the building generation process of a courtyard house provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 11An embodiment of the present application provides a construction drawing of a courtyard house.

[0043] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the device architecture of a device for automatically generating a raised-beam wooden structure building model and construction drawings provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0045] In the description of the present application: unless otherwise specified, expressions such as “include”, “comprising”, “having”, etc. also mean “not limited to” (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).

[0046] This application discloses a method for automatically generating a model and construction drawings for a raised-beam timber structure building, involving a computer parametric program and ancient architectural construction guidelines. The program allows the user to preset the building's plan range, building orientation, and the presence of front and rear eaves. Based on Qing-style architectural guidelines, the main building frame and component connection nodes are automatically generated. This program significantly improves the design efficiency of traditional residential buildings, while the parametrically generated beams also significantly enhance manufacturing efficiency.

[0047] This application provides a method for automatically generating models and construction drawings for raised-beam timber structures, aiming to help users design buildings efficiently and flexibly. In this application, Qing Dynasty architectural codes are cited solely as examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method under traditional building codes. However, the application of this application is not limited to Qing Dynasty architectural codes or other specific construction codes.

[0048] Users can apply the methods provided in this application to any relevant construction code based on their project needs. Whether it's modern building codes, local building standards, or other traditional building construction principles, they can all be combined with the methods in this application to achieve the goal of automated design. The core of this application is to provide a general and flexible design method framework, rather than restricting it to specific construction codes.

[0049] Therefore, this application explicitly states that all automated design applications based on this application's method, regardless of the construction specifications adopted, fall within the scope of protection of this application. This application does not restrict the specific construction specifications selected by the user to ensure that it is widely applicable to different scenarios and needs.

[0050] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2-Figure 5As shown, a method for automatically generating a raised-beam wooden structure building model and construction drawings is provided, which includes the following steps S1 to S3.

[0051] Step S1, determine the building plane range of the raised-beam wooden structure building, determine the overall layout of the building and generate the building plane axis according to the building preset parameters input by the user, and form an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam wooden structure buildings; the building preset parameters include the building orientation, the number of bays and depths, whether there are front and rear eaves, positioning points, and foundation column diameters; the axis grid includes the central axis, bays, depths, longitudinal axes, and transverse axes; among them, the central axis is set according to the center of the front facade and the building orientation, and the center of the front facade refers to the geometric center position of the facade directly in front of the building; the bay and depth spacing is determined by the module and the foundation column diameter, and finally a complete plane axis grid is generated to provide a basis for component positioning.

[0052] In one embodiment, the generation of the axis grid includes: providing basic data for subsequent plane axis grid generation based on the building preset parameters input by the user, including the length, width, building orientation, and whether the front and rear eaves corridors are set up of the rectangular plane; calculating the number of bays and depths of the building based on the column diameter, the range of the ratio of the width of the bright room, the ratio of the width of the secondary and end bays, the depth of the eaves corridor, the depth of the golden step, and the depth of the ridge step parameters, combined with the length and width of the rectangular plane; determining the center point of the front facade of the building based on the plane size and orientation of the building; using the center point of the front facade of the building as a reference, combined with the building orientation, generating an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam wooden structure buildings, where each axis represents the center line of a bay or depth.

[0053] The axis grid includes longitudinal and transverse axes. Longitudinal axes: Based on the number of bays, the axes are divided along the length of the rectangular plane according to the width of the facade. The distance between two adjacent longitudinal axes represents one bay, and the spacing is calculated based on the total width of the facade. Transverse axes: Based on the number of depths, the axes are divided along the width of the rectangular plane according to the width of the facade. The distance between two adjacent transverse axes represents one depth, and the spacing is calculated based on the total depth.

[0054] In this example, assume the user inputs: a rectangular plan with a length (L) of 18 meters and a width (W) of 12 meters, a building facing south, with front and rear eaves, three or five bays, and a depth of seven purlins and six steps (including the front and rear eaves). Generating the axis grid involves steps one through four.

[0055] Step 1: Determine the appropriate column diameter D based on the rectangular plan and the intended number of bays. In this application, column diameter D is the base modulus, and all other dimensions are relative to it. According to the modular system of courtyard architecture, the dimensions of other building components are typically calculated based on the base modulus. For example, the diameter of a gold column is typically the base modulus plus a certain size. The dimensions of beams, purlins, and other components also have a fixed proportional relationship to the base modulus.

[0056] 1. The width ratio of the main room is (11D-13.6D), the width ratio of the secondary and end rooms is (11D), the depth of the eaves corridor is (4D-5D), the depth of the golden steps is (3D-4D), and the depth of the ridge steps is (3D-4D).

[0057] 2. Total width = main room width + 2 × secondary end room width. The number of main rooms is a constant, 1, and the total number of secondary end rooms is n. (1 + n) is an odd number not less than 3.

[0058] 3. The total number of secondary end times n satisfies the following relationship.

[0059] Width of the main room × 1 + ratio of the secondary and end rooms × n = L, where .

[0060] n=L-ratio of width of main room to width of secondary end room.

[0061] n=L-13D / 11D.

[0062] Combining the above relationship, the applicable column diameter is .

[0063] Assuming the user inputs the number of bays n=3, the applicable column diameter D=0.39 (rounded to 400mm).

[0064] Step 2: Determine the center point of the building's front facade.

[0065] Assume that the center point of the building's front facade is at the center point of the long side of the rectangular plane. Assume the coordinate point is (0, 0, 0).

[0066] Step 3: Generate the plane grid.

[0067] Longitudinal axis: In the length direction, there are three bays, and the distance between each axis is: 11D, 13D, 11D, for a total of 3 axes.

[0068] Horizontal axis: In the width direction, the depth is 6 steps, of which the eaves step depth is 4D-5D, and the gold and ridge steps are 4D. Assuming that the distance between each axis is 4D, there are 7 axes in total.

[0069] Step 4: Determine the base point of the foundation support column component.

[0070] According to the axis grid, determine the position of the foundation support column component. The base point of the foundation support column component is located at the intersection of the axis.

[0071] The plan grid is generated based on user-entered preset building parameters (such as the length and width of the rectangular plan, the building's orientation, and the presence of front and rear eaves). By calculating the number of bays and depth, the center point of the building's front elevation is determined, generating an axis grid that conforms to the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam timber structures. Ultimately, the base points of the foundation support columns are determined. This process provides the foundation and basis for the subsequent generation of various components, including columns, beams, rafters, and purlins.

[0072] In one embodiment, calculating the number of bays and depths of a building specifically includes: calculating the total width of the frontage based on the ratio of the width of the main bay and the width of the secondary bay, combined with the depth of the eaves; calculating the total depth based on the depth of the golden steps, the depth of the ridge steps, and the depth of the eaves; and obtaining the number of bays and depths of the building based on the length and width of the rectangular plane, combined with the total width of the frontage and the total depth.

[0073] Step S2: Generate foundation support column components based on building preset parameters and axis grid according to relevant building specifications, with the column diameter of the foundation support column components being the foundation column diameter; construct a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system through a parametric program based on the positioning information and related size parameters of the foundation support column components, and generate three-dimensional positioning points, reference lines, and component distribution schemes for the beam frame components; automatically calculate and generate roof support components based on the beam frame structure layout and step division rules to ensure the natural transition of the roof curve and load transfer; automatically generate auxiliary connections and support components based on the beam frame structure and roof support components to form a complete wooden structure building model.

[0074] In one embodiment, before generating the basic support column components based on the building preset parameters and the axis grid according to the corresponding building specifications, it also includes: determining the specific position of the basic support column components according to the generated axis grid, and the basic support column components are located at the intersection of the axis grid, or determining the base point of the basic support column components according to the specific layout requirements of the building and combined with the column diameter, as the basis for the subsequent generation of the basic support column components and other components.

[0075] In this embodiment, the axis grid is the basis for determining the position of the basic support column components. It provides a reference framework for the spatial layout of the building, so that the position of the basic support column components can be accurately located at the intersection of the axis grid, or the base point of the basic support column components can be determined according to the specific layout requirements of the building and the diameter of the basic support column components. This method is more flexible and can adapt to complex building structures and special layout requirements. For example, in some large buildings, it may be necessary to determine the position of the basic support column components based on factors such as the functional zoning and space utilization of the building, while also considering the impact of the diameter of the basic support column components on the space to ensure the structural safety of the building and the rationality of its function.

[0076] The determined base point of the foundation support column is the foundation for the subsequent generation of the foundation support column and other components. Once the position of the foundation support column is determined, subsequent construction and component installation will be based on this. The accuracy of the foundation support column position will directly affect the stability of the entire building structure and the smooth progress of construction.

[0077] In one embodiment, step S2 specifically includes the following steps S201 to S204.

[0078] Step S201, the basic supporting column components include eaves columns and gold columns. The eaves columns are located outside the building and support the eaves part; the gold columns are located inside the building and support the beam structure; the eaves columns and gold columns are arranged along the width direction, and the taper and side feet are automatically set; the diameters of the eaves columns and gold columns are the same, both of which are the basic column diameters; the height of the eaves columns is set according to the basic column diameter, and the height of the gold columns is calculated based on the lifting coefficient and the step frame width.

[0079] Step S202, the beam frame components include head beams, five-frame beams, three-frame beams, melon columns and spines; among them, the head beam is taken as an example. The program automatically generates the beam body according to the coordinates of the eaves column capitals and the width of the corridor steps. The size uses the basic column diameter as the module, and generates morphological details such as flat water, head, and bear back. At the same time, the mortise and tenon joints are preset to ensure the reasonable connection of the components. The melon column is an important component in the beam frame used to support the roof ridge and conversion node. The column position is automatically extracted according to the division of the golden step and the ridge step, and the corresponding number and size are generated according to the proportional rules. The diameter is generally the basic column diameter D or 0.8D, and the height is adjusted according to the supported beam. During the generation process, the mortise and tenon joints are automatically set to connect with the upper and lower components to ensure continuous force transmission.

[0080] In step S203, the roof support components include beam components and purlin components. Various types of beam components are automatically generated according to the plane grid axis, building preset parameters, basic support column components, and beam frame structure. During generation, each beam component is automatically connected with the beam and purlin to ensure structural continuity. Purlin components are automatically generated through a parametric program according to the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules. Before generation, the lifting height is calculated first, and the purlin elevation is derived according to the step frame length and the lifting coefficient to achieve Z-axis positioning and ensure a natural transition of the roof curve. The purlin diameter is derived according to the foundation column diameter, and the specific size is adjusted according to the span and load. This achieves a natural transition of the roof curve and effective support of the load.

[0081] Step S204, auxiliary connection and support components include: pads, rafters, fascia and eaves; among them, pads are automatically inserted according to the corresponding beam components before the purlins are generated. The size of the pads is determined according to the diameter of the foundation column and automatically aligned with the adjacent components to ensure accuracy; rafters are distributed on the purlins. After the purlins are generated, the rafters are automatically arranged according to the roof shape and the step logic. The direction is parallel to the axis and the number is determined by the segment length; the starting and ending points of the rafters are located between the top surfaces of adjacent purlins, and the inclination angle is determined by the height and step The width of the frame is determined, and the cross-sectional dimensions are determined according to the diameter of the foundation column; the lookout board is located on the rafters. After the rafters are generated, the lookout board is positioned by the upper surface of the rafters, and is automatically laid according to the distribution of the rafters, arranged along the roof slope, and covering the entire roof; the eaves are composed of flying rafters, lookout board extensions and jibs. After the rafters are generated, the eaves length is automatically calculated and generated according to the eaves column height and the upper projection ratio; the eaves slope is adjusted according to the frame, and the edge details are generated according to the rules to ensure the continuity and uniformity of the roof structure.

[0082] Step S3, after completing the modeling and node derivation, automatically generates construction drawings and drawings and control data for CNC processing; based on the generated parametric model, extracts the size, number, and node position information of each component, generates a two-dimensional unfolded diagram, and automatically marks the cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the digital processing accuracy and process requirements; and simultaneously exports the three-dimensional processing model, generates a local magnified view for complex nodes, and optimizes the mortise and tenon details to adapt to the corresponding processing equipment in a standard form.

[0083] In this embodiment, the exported overall three-dimensional model and component drawings can be directly used for digital processing, supporting modern manufacturing processes such as CNC processing and 3D printing, significantly improving production and processing efficiency, and providing accurate data support for assembly construction, thereby further improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction period.

[0084] In this embodiment, a method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings includes the following steps A1 to A5.

[0085] Step A1, preset and input parameters: Determine the building plan range, and input key parameters such as the user-preset building plan range, building orientation, and whether to set front and rear eaves corridors into the system.

[0086] Step A2, generating plane axes: automatically generating the plane axes of the building according to the building plane range and preset parameters, forming an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam wooden structure buildings.

[0087] Step A3, constructing a 3D beam frame positioning and reference system: Based on the generated plane axis and input parameters, the 3D positioning points, reference lines, and component distribution plan of the main building beam frame components are formed. The construction process is parametrically designed according to the Qing Dynasty construction rules to ensure the historical restoration and framework rationality of the generated building.

[0088] Step A4, automatic generation of components and nodes: Automatically generate the components and connection nodes of the main building beam frame based on the positioning points, reference lines and design rules, and achieve standardized configuration of component sizes and node details.

[0089] Step A5, exporting the digital model: exporting the generated overall 3D model of the traditional main house building and drawings of each component for subsequent digital processing, manufacturing, assembly construction and process verification.

[0090] In one embodiment, after a complete timber structure building model is generated, construction drawings are automatically output. The construction drawings include plan views, elevation views, and sections, realizing the linkage between modeling and drawings. Plan views are generated based on bay, depth, and column position parameters, with the positions and numbers of various components marked; elevation views and sections are projected through the model to show the details of setbacks, pads, and mortise and tenon joints; the construction drawings support real-time updates as parameters are modified, and support the export of multiple computer-aided design file formats.

[0091] In this example, when model parameters (such as span, depth, column position, etc.) change, the construction drawings are automatically updated to ensure consistency between the drawings and the model. Export is also supported in multiple CAD file formats: DWG, DXF, DWF, IGES, STEP, and other common CAD file formats are supported to meet the needs of different software and application scenarios.

[0092] Traditional construction drawings are usually drawn by hand by designers or draftsmen, which is labor-intensive and prone to errors. Once the drawing is completed, modifications are cumbersome and require redrawing of relevant parts. For complex structural details, additional detailed drawings may be required to illustrate, and the display method is relatively less intuitive. Paper drawings are mainly used, and although they can also be converted into electronic formats, the compatibility and operability of electronic formats are relatively limited. This application is automatically generated, and the parametric design enables the drawings to be updated in real time according to the modifications to the model, greatly improving flexibility and accuracy. Through model projection, complex structural details can be displayed intuitively, reducing misunderstandings during construction. Supports multiple electronic formats, especially DWG format, which is convenient for sharing and editing between different software to meet the digital needs of the modern construction industry.

[0093] Timber structures often involve complex mortise and tenon joints and delicate component processing. This digital construction drawing system can accurately display these details, ensuring construction accuracy and quality. The application's automated generation and real-time updates reduce the workload of manual drawing and modification. Parametric design ensures consistency between drawings and models, reducing human error. Support for multiple file formats facilitates integration with other software and systems. Detailed display and precise annotation help construction personnel better understand and execute construction tasks.

[0094] In one embodiment, when generating the basic support column components, beam components, roof support components, and auxiliary connection and support components, mortise and tenon joints are automatically preset.

[0095] In this embodiment, mortise and tenon joints are automatically pre-set when generating components for timber structures. The system automatically designs and pre-sets the location and form of mortise and tenon joints based on the component's size, shape, and function, ensuring accurate and reliable connections. It automatically selects the appropriate mortise and tenon joint form (e.g., straight tenon, oblique tenon, dovetail tenon, etc.) based on the component's load conditions and connection requirements, and optimizes pre-set mortise and tenon joints to ensure joint strength and stability while reducing material waste.

[0096] Users can modify input parameters at any time, and the system will update the component model and mortise and tenon joint design in real time. When the size or shape of a component changes, the system automatically adjusts the position and form of the mortise and tenon joint to ensure connection accuracy. This reduces manual design workload and improves design efficiency. It ensures the accuracy and reliability of mortise and tenon joint design. During the prefabricated component manufacturing process, automatically preset mortise and tenon joints can reduce on-site processing workload and improve production efficiency. Accurate mortise and tenon joint design can reduce errors during construction and improve construction quality. Automatically preset mortise and tenon joints help to inherit and promote traditional timber structure connection techniques.

[0097] In one embodiment, generating a building plane axis according to the building preset parameters input by the user specifically includes: generating the building plane axis using the parameterized function built into Grasshopper, and automatically generating a continuous building plane axis grid that meets the requirements of traditional building layout through rule logic.

[0098] In one embodiment, step S2 further includes: utilizing Grasshopper's built-in parametric design tools and rule library, and combining Qing Dynasty construction rules and Qing Dynasty engineering practice rules, to achieve accurate restoration of the shapes of the beam components and connection nodes.

[0099] In this embodiment, when generating the components and component connection nodes of the three-dimensional beam frame in the method, the proportions and design rules guided by the Qing Dynasty construction rules and the Qing Dynasty Ministry of Works engineering practice rules are adopted for the component sizes and node details to ensure the historical restoration of the building frame and the structural rationality.

[0100] In this application, the construction data of the columns, beams, rafters, purlins and other construction data in the beam frame members and other construction data are not directly derived from the existing data specifications such as the "Qing Style Construction Rules" and the "Qing Ministry of Engineering Practice Rules" in this application, but are summarized by the applicant based on actual needs and research. In order to more accurately achieve the technical goals of the present invention and combine the actual application needs of modern technology, the applicant also summarized and sorted out some data on his own. These data are based on the applicant's many years of research experience and actual operation accumulation, and are intended to optimize the technical solution to make it more suitable for actual application scenarios.

[0101] The following describes this solution from another perspective.

[0102] As an important part of ancient Chinese architecture, traditional courtyard architecture embodies a rich history, culture, and architectural wisdom. The raised-beam structure, formed by columns, beams, and other components, forms a continuous beam frame, emphasizing the interconnectedness of components and flexible space, reflecting superb carpentry skills and rigorous construction logic. Its design and construction strictly adhere to regulations such as the "Qing Dynasty Construction Rules" and the "Qing Dynasty Ministry of Works Engineering Practice Rules," forming a complete system in terms of component layout, structural division, and mortise and tenon design, demonstrating a high degree of unity between space, mechanics, and craftsmanship. However, traditional design relies primarily on experience, resulting in long design cycles, inaccurate data, and highly subjective details. This makes it difficult to meet the needs of modern ancient building restoration, antique-style projects, standardization, and digitization, limiting its application.

[0103] With the development of digital technology and parametric design, Grasshopper, a tool based on the Rhino platform, has been widely used in architectural design optimization and digital fabrication processes. Its parametric control and rule-based modeling capabilities enable more efficient and accurate architectural design. However, its application in traditional architecture remains limited. In particular, the automated generation of complex components and joints within traditional specifications lacks systematic research and practical support.

[0104] This application proposes a parametric structural generation method for small-scale large-scale timber buildings from the Qing Dynasty, based on Rhino and Grasshopper. By extracting traditional rules, constructing planar axes and 3D beams, it automatically generates models of key components with mortise and tenon details, and outputs high-precision drawings to support digital manufacturing and automated construction. This case study demonstrates that this method helps improve design standardization and manufacturing efficiency, and holds great promise for future application.

[0105] Ancient Chinese architecture was primarily wooden, evolving through the ages, with distinct layouts, forms, and structures across dynasties. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, architectural systems matured and unified. The "Engineering Practice Rules" systematically summarized construction standards, becoming a crucial foundation for traditional architecture. While Ming and Qing architecture exhibits minor variations, the overall style remains consistent, reflecting the inheritance and development of traditional craftsmanship.

[0106] Most existing ancient buildings date from the Ming and Qing dynasties and are a key focus for restoration and antique-inspired design. Understanding their structural systems helps understand traditional concepts and guide practical projects. Ming and Qing architecture boasts a rich variety of architectural styles, including gabled roofs, hipped roofs, and hipped halls. These styles are categorized as large-scale (palaces and gardens) and small-scale (residential residences). Despite their diverse uses, they all adhered to a unified system of scale and proportion, forming a unique standard and style for Chinese architecture.

[0107] Based on this, this application focuses on the large timber structures of small-scale Qing Dynasty buildings and proposes an automated generation method based on parametric modeling. By extracting the traditional scale system, constructing the spatial axis and beam system, it automatically generates the main components and mortise and tenon joints, and outputs detailed drawings to support digital manufacturing and assembly, promoting the modern transformation of traditional construction processes.

[0108] General rules (or general regulations) are the fundamental principles used in Qing-style architecture to determine the scale and proportion of various components, ensuring the overall harmony and unity of different architectural forms. These rules cover aspects such as width and depth, column height and diameter, taper and side footing, upper and lower projections, step and rise, platform height, and roof taper and push-up, forming the core basis of the standardized design system for Qing Dynasty wooden structures. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a general diagram.

[0109] In terms of floor plan, buildings generally adopt a rectangular layout, consisting of several single rooms. The horizontal width is called the face width, and the vertical depth is called the depth. The face width is determined by factors such as the use function, wood specifications, and the feudal hierarchy. The face width of the secondary rooms is usually 80% of the main room. The depth is limited by structural stability and spatial function. Small buildings generally do not exceed five purlins and four steps, and the maximum can reach seven purlins and six steps. Further depth is usually achieved by adding front and rear eaves.

[0110] The step frame is the basic unit used to divide the depth-direction spacing of structural members in Qing-style architecture. It refers to the horizontal distance between the centers of two adjacent purlins. Depending on their location, step frames can be divided into corridor steps, golden steps, and ridge steps. With the exception of corridor steps, the dimensions of all other step frames are generally consistent. Using the column diameter D as the module, corridor steps in small-style buildings are generally 4D-5D, while golden steps and ridge steps are 4D.

[0111] Vertical structure is divided into two components: column height and column diameter. For columns (eaves columns / golden columns), the width-to-height ratio in small-scale buildings is approximately 10:8, and the height-to-diameter ratio is approximately 11:1. These three ratios can be derived from each other through proportional conversion, enabling coordinated control of component dimensions. With the exception of short columns like melon-shaped columns, wooden columns in ancient architecture often adopt a "tapered" design, thin at the top and thick at the bottom, to enhance structural stability and visual lightness. The taper is generally 1 / 100 of the column height. For a 3-meter-high column, the diameter of the capital is approximately 3 centimeters smaller than the base. To further enhance the stability of eaves columns, peripheral columns are often equipped with "side feet," offsetting the base outward, creating a slight inward inclination. The direction of the side feet adjusts according to the column's position; corner columns have outward flaring in both width and depth. Interior columns remain vertical, and the side foot dimensions are generally consistent with the taper. Regarding the column diameter, the vertical height between the steps is called the "height," and its ratio to the step length is the "height." Commonly used elevation coefficients include 5 (0.5), 65 (0.65), and 75 (0.75). Eaves typically use 5, commonly known as "5-lift head." Properly setting the elevation coefficient helps create a natural, smooth roof curve and optimizes the overall visual quality of the building. Traditional small five-purlin houses typically use a combination of 5 eaves and 7 ridges; seven-purlin houses use a mix of 5, 65, and 85. Elevation is typically measured from the bottom of the purlin to avoid errors caused by varying pad thicknesses and ensure consistent structural elevation control.

[0112] In roof construction, the eaves of ancient buildings project far beyond the eaves, and Qing-style architecture has clear regulations for their dimensions. In small-scale buildings, the "upper eaves projection" refers to the horizontal distance from the center of the eaves purlin to the outer edge of the flying rafters, typically measuring 3 / 10 of the eaves column height, with the flying rafters accounting for 1 / 3 and the eaves rafters accounting for 2 / 3. Buildings are typically situated on a platform, with the exposed portion, called the "taiming," generally 1 / 5 of the column height or twice the column diameter, extending outward to form the "lower projection." The horizontal distance of the lower projection is approximately 4 / 5 of the upper projection or 2.4 times the column diameter. Because the upper projection is larger than the lower projection, a "backflow" forms between the two, effectively preventing rainwater from the roof from directly eroding the column base and walls, thus providing both drainage and protection.

[0113] The relationships among the general rules of construction can be simplified into the following formula.

[0114] .

[0115] Ancient Chinese architecture relied heavily on strict proportional relationships between components in its design and construction, forming a stable set of scaling principles. Craftsmen throughout the ages adhered to this system, creating a vast array of wooden structures with standardized forms and uniform styles, reflecting distinct national characteristics and artistic styles. Among these, modularity and the standardization of component design are the most defining characteristics of traditional architecture. Two basic modular systems were commonly used in Qing Dynasty architecture: large palace-style buildings used the "doukou" (doukou) as the unit, while smaller buildings used the diameter of the eaves column (D) as the basic module. All component dimensions could be derived from D.

[0116] The plane module of a small building is determined by site conditions and functional requirements. Generally, there are two design paths. One is to derive the appropriate column diameter from the site range, as shown in the following formula.

[0117] .

[0118] The second method is to deduce the corresponding building land based on the column diameter. See the following formula.

[0119] .

[0120] Where D is the column diameter; L represents the site width or the building width; Indicates the ratio of the width of the open space, the value range is ; It represents the ratio of the width of the secondary, terminal and end bays, and is generally 11; x represents the number of bays, which is selected by the owner or designer at their discretion. Small buildings are generally fixed to an odd number of bays of 3 or 5.

[0121] This application examines small-scale timber-framed buildings from the Qing Dynasty. Based on their unified modular system and clear component proportions, this application explores a parametric modeling method suitable for digital construction. Small-scale buildings often use the eaves column diameter D as their basic modularity, with component sizes often being multiples of D. This creates clear proportional relationships, facilitating rule extraction and model construction. Combining the "Qing-style Construction Rules" with field-measured data, this application compiles the key beam and frame components and their parameter rules for small-scale buildings, as detailed in Table 1.

[0122]

[0123] like Figure 3 As shown, the generative design and construction workflow for small-scale Qing Dynasty buildings includes parameter input, model generation, and output. The user first enters the building's basic parameters. The program automatically generates a complete parametric building model based on the pre-set component logical relationships, supporting real-time parameter modification and plan adjustments. Once the building plan is finalized, the system further outputs a 3D building model, various component models, and their corresponding construction and processing drawings. It supports digital manufacturing processes such as CNC, thus achieving an efficient connection between design and construction and establishing a complete "design-production-construction" integrated work system.

[0124] like Figure 4 As shown, the program framework is divided into three core modules: basic parameter input, component generation, and output. Users can use the interface to input options such as building location, site dimensions, number of bays and depths, and front and rear corridors as input for model generation.

[0125] Based on pre-set component logic and traditional construction rules, the program automatically generates beam-frame components such as columns, beams, rafters, purlins, and purlins, and combines them into a complete 3D model. It supports real-time visualization and parameter adjustment to facilitate solution optimization. Once the solution is finalized, the system automatically outputs dimensioned drawings of various components, as well as architectural plans, elevations, and sections, in formats such as DXF and PDF. These drawings are then used for subsequent construction drawing and digital processing, achieving a closed-loop process from design to manufacturing.

[0126] This application utilizes the Grasshopper parametric modeling tool on the Rhino platform, incorporating the structural characteristics of Qing Dynasty small-scale timber structures and traditional construction principles to construct a complete parametric generation program. Users input core parameters such as building plan dimensions, bay depth, column diameter modulus, and truss coefficients, and the program automatically completes plan layout, beam modeling, node logic derivation, and drawing output. The program utilizes a modular design, consisting of four parts: plan generation, 3D modeling, node generation, and drawing output. Data linkage between modules creates an integrated, automated generation process from parameter input to output.

[0127] The program first uses the Grasshopper platform to set basic parameters, determining the overall layout of the main room beams for a small Qing Dynasty building. Users enter the main room's orientation and location, column diameter (D; in this example, 250mm), number of bays and depths, and options for front and rear corridors. The bay-to-depth ratio is calculated using D as the module, with the main bay width set at 11D-13.6D and the secondary bay at 11D. The corresponding plan axes and layout are automatically generated.

[0128] The architectural plan grid program consists of four components: the central axis, bays, depths, and horizontal and vertical axes, generated sequentially through data flow. The central axis is determined by the center and orientation of the front elevation, while bay and depth spacing is derived from scale parameters and column diameters. Ultimately, the complete plan grid and building foundation are generated, providing a basis for component positioning.

[0129] The program automatically generates eaves columns and trusses based on the plan grid and input parameters (such as column diameter, number of bays, and number of steps). These columns are arranged along the width of the building, with automatic setbacks and side feet. Eaves column height is typically 10D-11D, while trusses are calculated based on the lift coefficient and step width.

[0130] Beam components include truss beams, five-beam beams, three-beam beams, melon-shaped columns, and ridgepole beams. These components share a consistent structural logic, so the truss beam is used as an example here. The program automatically generates beams based on the column capital coordinates and the corridor step width. The beam dimensions are based on the column diameter D (height 1.4D, width 1.1D). Details such as flat water, head, and bear back are generated, and pre-set mortise and tenon joints ensure proper connection.

[0131] Guazhu (melon columns) are crucial components within the beam frame, supporting the roof ridge and transition points. The program automatically extracts column locations based on the ridge and ridge steps, generating the appropriate number and size according to proportional rules. The diameter is generally equal to the eave column diameter D or 0.8D, and the height is adjusted to accommodate the supported beam. During the generation process, the program automatically sets the mortise and tenon joints, aligning the upper and lower components to ensure continuous force transmission.

[0132] Beams include crossbeams, golden beams, eaves beams, and ridge beams, providing transverse connection and support. The program automatically generates various beam types based on axis and column position data. Crossbeams run the entire length of the bay, measuring D in width and 0.8D in thickness. Golden beams are located on golden columns, connecting the five beams and purlins, and are sized D or 0.8D. Eaves beams are located on eaves columns and have a similar construction to crossbeams. Ridge beams run along the spine, measuring 0.8D in width and 0.65D in thickness. During generation, each beam automatically aligns with the beams and purlins to ensure structural continuity.

[0133] Pads are located between beams and purlins, providing leveling, load buffering, and stabilizing connections. They are typically categorized as eave pads, ridge pads, and ridge pads. The program automatically inserts the appropriate pads based on beam positions before generating purlins. Their dimensions are based on the column diameter (D), with a width of approximately 0.8D and a thickness of 0.25D-0.3D. They automatically align with the upper and lower members to ensure modeling accuracy.

[0134] Purlins are key components supporting roof loads in small buildings and include eaves purlins, sash purlins, and ridge purlins. The program automatically generates various purlin types based on the beam layout and step-frame division rules. Before generation, the elevation is calculated. The purlin elevation is derived from the step-frame length and the elevation coefficient to achieve Z-axis positioning and ensure a smooth transition along the roof curve. Eaves purlins are placed above the eaves columns, sash purlins are placed above the sash columns, and ridge purlins are placed on the ridge column or ridge column. Purlin diameter is derived from the column diameter D and ranges from 0.9D to 1.0D. The specific size is adjusted based on the span and load.

[0135] Rafters are secondary structural members distributed along the purlins, supporting the roof tiles, distributing loads, and shaping the roof curve. Common types include eaves rafters, ridge rafters, and ridge rafters. After generating the purlins, the program automatically arranges them based on the roof form and the stepping logic. Rafters are typically spaced 250–300 mm apart, parallel to the roof axis, and their number is calculated based on the segment length. Rafters start and end between the top surfaces of adjacent purlins, with their inclination angle determined by the height and stepping width. Their cross-sectional dimensions are approximately 0.3D–0.4D, playing a crucial role in the roof's form and structural expression.

[0136] The slats, located above the rafters, are a key structural layer in the roof system, supporting tiles, leveling the slope, and enhancing waterproofing. After the program generates the rafters, it automatically lays the slats based on their distribution, aligning them along the roof slope to cover the entire roof. The model is positioned on the top surface of the rafters, with a typical thickness of 20–30 mm, which can be adjusted parametrically.

[0137] Cornices are a key feature of small-scale roofs, providing shade, rain protection, and visual extension. They typically consist of rafters, extended fascia, and spurs. After generating the rafters, the program automatically calculates the cornice length based on the column height and the projecting ratio (approximately 3 / 10 of the column height) and generates the corresponding components. The cornice slope automatically adjusts to the frame, and edge details such as spurs and drip lines are generated according to established rules, ensuring a continuous and uniform roof structure. Figure 6 Shown is the automated generation process of building components.

[0138] like Figure 7 As shown, after generating a 3D beam model, the program automatically outputs architectural plans, elevations, and sections, effectively bridging the gap between modeling and drawing. Plans are generated based on parameters such as bay length, depth, and column positions, annotating the locations and numbers of various components. Elevations and sections are projected from the model, showcasing details such as setbacks, pads, and mortise and tenon joints. Drawings update in real time as parameters are modified, and can be exported to formats such as DWG, balancing traditional representation with digital processing needs.

[0139] After modeling and node derivation, the program automatically generates drawings and control data for CNC machining. Based on the parametric model generated in Rhino and Grasshopper, the system extracts information such as component dimensions, numbers, and node locations, and generates a 2D unfolded diagram. It automatically annotates cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the precision and process requirements of digital machining.

[0140] like Figure 8 As shown, the program can simultaneously export 3D machining models, supporting common CNC formats such as DXF, STL, and STEP. For complex joints, the system automatically generates zoomed-in views and optimizes mortise and tenon details (such as mortises and cantilevered beam tenons), adapting them to standard three-axis or five-axis machining equipment. Drawings and data can be updated in real time after parameter changes, creating a complete closed-loop design-to-manufacturing process, enhancing the efficiency and feasibility of digital construction for small buildings.

[0141] A courtyard building somewhere, such as Figure 9 Satellite images and current status maps show that one of the main buildings in the courtyard has suffered structural damage due to years of disrepair, including tilted roof trusses, broken beams and columns, and partial roof collapse. Structural repair and reconstruction are urgently needed. To verify the applicability and operability of the parametric generation method proposed in this application in actual engineering, this site was selected as an experimental object for example modeling and drawing output.

[0142] The experimental process is as follows Figure 10 As shown in the figure, by comparing with the on-site survey map, the constructed model has good consistency with the original structure in key dimensions such as width, depth, beam height, column diameter, etc., and the error is controlled within ±1cm, which meets the actual processing requirements of the repair components. Figure 11 As shown, based on the modeling, the program further outputs standard 2D construction drawings and 3D machining models, and exports corresponding DXF and STEP files for CNC cutting and component trial assembly. Initial trial machining in collaboration with a carpentry workshop confirmed accurate component connection positions and reasonable node reservations, demonstrating the parametric design system's good engineering adaptability and potential for promotion in traditional small-scale building restoration projects.

[0143] The experimental results show that the generative design method proposed in this application is not only suitable for new antique design, but can also efficiently support the rapid repair and partial replacement of traditional buildings, providing an effective tool path for the digital protection and processing of traditional wooden structures.

[0144] This application addresses the problems of cumbersome modeling, insufficient detail accuracy, and low production connection efficiency in the design of large wooden structures of small-style buildings in the Qing Dynasty, and proposes an automated generation method based on parametric modeling. By refining the traditional construction rule system, constructing the building plane axis and three-dimensional beam frame reference system, and automatically generating major components such as beams, columns, rafters, and purlins based on modular deduction and node logic, it achieves dimensional control and node detail restoration that meet traditional process standards. At the same time, it outputs high-precision component production drawings to support digital manufacturing and automated construction applications. Studies have shown that this method can significantly improve the design standardization level, digital modeling efficiency, and manufacturing integration of large wooden structures of small-style buildings, providing an efficient and popularizable technical path for the restoration and protection of ancient buildings and new construction projects.

[0145] In one embodiment, reference Figure 12 , provides a device for automatically generating a raised-beam wooden structure building model and construction drawings, including: a parameter processing module, a model generation module, and a drawing and model export module.

[0146] The parameter processing module is used to determine the building plane range of the raised-beam wooden structure building, determine the overall building layout and generate the building plane axis according to the building preset parameters input by the user, and form an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam wooden structure buildings; the building preset parameters include the building orientation, the number of bays and depths, whether there are front and rear eaves, positioning points, and foundation column diameters; the axis grid includes the central axis, bays, depths, longitudinal axes, and transverse axes; among them, the central axis is set according to the center of the front facade and the building orientation, and the center of the front facade refers to the geometric center position of the facade directly in front of the building; the bay and depth spacing is determined by the module and the foundation column diameter, and finally a complete plane axis grid is generated to provide a basis for component positioning.

[0147] The model generation module is used to generate basic support column components based on the building preset parameters and axis grid in accordance with the corresponding building specifications. The column diameter of the basic support column components is the basic column diameter; based on the positioning information and related dimensional parameters of the basic support column components, a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system is constructed through a parametric program to generate three-dimensional positioning points, reference lines and component distribution plans for the beam frame components; based on the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules, the roof support components are automatically calculated and generated to ensure the natural transition of the roof curve and load transfer; based on the beam frame structure and roof support components, auxiliary connections and support components are automatically generated to form a complete wooden structure building model.

[0148] The drawing and model export module automatically generates construction drawings and drawings and control data for CNC processing after completing modeling and node derivation. Based on the generated parametric model, it extracts the size, number, and node position information of each component, generates a two-dimensional unfolded view, and automatically marks cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the digital processing accuracy and process requirements. It also simultaneously exports the three-dimensional processing model, generates local magnified views for complex nodes, and optimizes mortise and tenon details to adapt to the corresponding processing equipment in a standard form.

[0149] The specific implementation content of each module can be found in the above-mentioned limitations on the automatic generation method of the raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method of the above embodiment are implemented.

[0151] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method of the above embodiment are implemented.

[0152] In one embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned embodiment method when executed by a processor.

[0153] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings, characterized in that: include: S1. Determine the building plan range of the raised-beam timber structure building, determine the overall building layout based on the user-entered building preset parameters, and generate the building plan axis, forming an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam timber structure buildings; the building preset parameters include the building orientation, the number of bays and depths, whether there are front and rear eaves, positioning points, and foundation column diameters; the axis grid includes the central axis, bays, depths, longitudinal axes, and transverse axes; the central axis is set based on the center of the front facade and the building orientation, and the front facade center refers to the geometric center position of the facade directly in front of the building; the bay and depth spacing is determined by the module and foundation column diameter, and finally a complete plan axis grid is generated to provide a basis for component positioning; S2, in accordance with the relevant building specifications, based on the building preset parameters and the axis grid, generates basic support column components, the column diameter of the basic support column components being the basic column diameter; based on the positioning information and related dimensional parameters of the basic support column components, a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system is constructed through a parametric program to generate three-dimensional positioning points, reference lines, and component distribution plans for the beam frame components; based on the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules, the roof support components are automatically calculated and generated to ensure a natural transition of the roof curve and load transfer; based on the beam frame structure and roof support components, auxiliary connections and support components are automatically generated to form a complete timber structure building model; After completing modeling and node derivation, S3 automatically generates construction drawings and drawings and control data for CNC processing. Based on the generated parametric model, it extracts the size, number, and node position information of each component, generates a two-dimensional unfolded diagram, and automatically marks cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the digital processing accuracy and process requirements. It also simultaneously exports the three-dimensional processing model, generates local magnified views for complex nodes, and optimizes mortise and tenon details to adapt to the corresponding processing equipment in a standard form.

2. The method for automatically generating a raised beam timber structure building model and construction drawings according to claim 1, characterized in that: After generating a complete timber structure building model, construction drawings are automatically output. These drawings include plan, elevation, and section drawings, realizing the linkage between modeling and drawings. The plan is generated based on the bay, depth, and column position parameters, and the positions and numbers of various components are marked. The elevation and section drawings are projected through the model to show the details of the setback, pads, and mortise and tenon joints. The architectural construction drawings support real-time updates as parameters are modified, and can be exported in multiple computer-aided design file formats.

3. The method for automatically generating a raised beam timber structure building model and construction drawings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes: The basic support column components include eaves columns and gold columns. The eaves columns are located outside the building and support the eaves; the gold columns are located inside the building and support the beam structure. The eaves columns and gold columns are arranged along the width of the building and automatically set with tapers and side feet. The diameters of the eaves columns and gold columns are the same, both of which are the basic column diameters. The height of the eaves columns is set according to the basic column diameter, and the height of the gold columns is calculated based on the lifting coefficient and the step frame width. The beam frame components include a head beam, a five-frame beam, a three-frame beam, a melon column and a spine; The roof support components include beam components and purlin components. Various types of beam components are automatically generated according to the plane grid axis, building preset parameters, basic support column components, and beam frame structure. During generation, each beam component is automatically connected with the beam and purlin to ensure structural continuity. Purlin components are automatically generated through a parametric program based on the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules. Before generation, the lifting height is calculated first, and the purlin elevation is derived based on the step frame length and lifting coefficient to achieve Z-axis positioning and ensure a natural transition of the roof curve. The purlin diameter is derived based on the foundation column diameter, and the specific size is adjusted according to the span and load. This achieves a natural transition of the roof curve and effective load support. The auxiliary connection and support components include: pads, rafters, fascia and eaves; wherein, the pads are automatically inserted according to the corresponding beam components before the purlins are generated, and the size of the pads is determined according to the diameter of the foundation column, and automatically aligned with the adjacent components to ensure accuracy; the rafters are distributed on the purlins, and after the purlins are generated, the rafters are automatically arranged according to the roof shape and the step frame logic, with the direction parallel to the axis and the number determined by the segment length; the starting and ending points of the rafters are located between the top surfaces of adjacent purlins, and the inclination angle is determined by the height and the step frame width The cross-sectional dimensions are determined by the foundation column diameter; the lookout board is located on the rafters. After the rafters are generated, the lookout board is positioned by the upper surface of the rafters, and is automatically laid according to the distribution of the rafters, arranged along the roof slope, and covering the entire roof; the eaves are composed of flying rafters, lookout board extensions, and jibs. After the rafters are generated, the eaves length is automatically calculated and generated according to the eaves column height and the upper projection ratio; the eaves slope is adjusted according to the frame, and the edge details are generated according to the rules to ensure the continuity and unity of the roof structure.

4. The method for automatically generating a raised-beam timber structure building model and construction drawings according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: When generating foundation support column components, beam components, roof support components, and auxiliary connection and support components, mortise and tenon joints are automatically preset.

5. The method for automatically generating a raised beam timber structure building model and construction drawings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 also includes: using Grasshopper's built-in parametric design tools and rule library, combined with Qing Dynasty construction rules and Qing Dynasty engineering practice rules, to achieve accurate restoration of the shapes of each beam component and connection nodes.

6. The method for automatically generating a raised beam timber structure building model and construction drawings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generation of the axis grid includes: Based on the user-entered building preset parameters, including the length, width, building orientation, and whether front and rear eaves are set, basic data is provided for subsequent plane axis grid generation; Calculate the number of bays and depth of the building based on the column diameter, the range of the ratio of the width of the main bay, the ratio of the width of the secondary bay to the end bay, the depth of the eaves corridor, the depth of the golden steps, and the depth of the ridge steps, combined with the length and width of the rectangular plane; Determine the center point of the building's front facade based on the building's plan dimensions and orientation; Based on the center point of the building's front facade and the building's orientation, an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam timber structures is generated. The axis grid includes: Longitudinal axis: Based on the number of bays, the axis is divided according to the width of the face in the length direction of the rectangular plane. The distance between two adjacent longitudinal axes represents one bay, and the spacing is calculated according to the ratio of the face width; Horizontal axis: According to the depth number, the axis is divided according to the depth width in the width direction of the rectangular plane. The distance between two adjacent horizontal axes represents one depth, and the spacing is calculated according to the depth ratio.

7. A device for automatically generating a model and construction drawings of a raised-beam timber structure building, characterized in that: include: A parameter processing module is used to determine the building plane range of a raised-beam timber structure building, determine the overall building layout based on user-entered building preset parameters, and generate building plane axes, forming an axis grid that meets the layout requirements of traditional raised-beam timber structures. The building preset parameters include the building orientation, the number of bays and depths, whether there are front and rear eaves, positioning points, and foundation column diameters. The axis grid includes the central axis, bays, depths, longitudinal axes, and transverse axes. The central axis is set based on the center of the front facade and the building orientation, and the front facade center refers to the geometric center position of the facade directly in front of the building. The bay and depth spacing is determined by the module and foundation column diameter. Ultimately, a complete plane axis grid is generated to provide a basis for component positioning. The model generation module is used to generate basic support column components based on the building preset parameters and axis grid in accordance with the relevant building specifications, with the column diameter of the basic support column components being the basic column diameter; construct a three-dimensional beam frame positioning and reference system through a parametric program based on the positioning information and related dimensional parameters of the basic support column components, and generate three-dimensional positioning points, reference lines, and component distribution plans for the beam frame components; automatically calculate and generate roof support components based on the beam frame structure layout and step frame division rules to ensure the natural transition of the roof curve and load transfer; and automatically generate auxiliary connections and support components based on the beam frame structure and roof support components to form a complete timber structure building model; The drawing and model export module automatically generates construction drawings and drawings and control data for CNC processing after completing modeling and node derivation. Based on the generated parametric model, it extracts the size, number, and node position information of each component, generates a two-dimensional unfolded view, and automatically marks cutting lines, drilling points, and connection numbers to meet the digital processing accuracy and process requirements. It also simultaneously exports the three-dimensional processing model, generates local magnified views for complex nodes, and optimizes mortise and tenon details to adapt to the corresponding processing equipment in a standard form.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein: The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to claim 1.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to claim 1 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to claim 1 are implemented.

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