Positive pole plug-in fuse box and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile electrical systems, in particular to a positive pole plug-in fuse box and a working method.The positive pole plug-in fuse box is arranged in a cab and comprises a box body, copper bars and sheet type fuses; the copper bars are arranged in the box body along the length direction, and the transversely arranged copper bars are arranged in the box body; N holes are formed in the copper bars; n groups of sheet-type fuses are arranged along the direction vertical to the copper bars; open holes are formed in two ends of the sheet-type fuse; a single-head bolt used for inputting a power supply is arranged in an opening, corresponding to the copper bar, of the sheet fuse, a power supply input end is directly connected with a chassis fuse box power supply through a single wire, and an annular terminal and the copper bar are connected in a pressing mode and then are fastened through the single-head bolt. A stud is arranged in an opening in one end, far away from the copper bar, of the sheet type fuse, the stud is provided with two threaded heads and corresponding nuts, the nut at one end is connected with the sheet type fuse, and the nut at the other end is connected with wire harness terminals with different purposes through wires. The overall design improves the safety and stability of an automobile circuit and provides guarantee for normal operation of an automobile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile electrical systems, and in particular to a positive electrode external fuse box and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In existing automotive electrical systems, the positive power supply is typically introduced from the chassis fuse box into the cab via two separate wires (such as a blade fuse box power supply and an inverter power supply) and connected to the positive terminal on the firewall. This design has significant drawbacks: First, the large number of wires increases vehicle weight and wiring harness costs; second, there is a lack of blade fuse protection between the positive terminal and the electrical equipment, which can easily cause circuit overheating or even vehicle spontaneous combustion in the event of a short circuit; third, the traditional blade fuse box is located inside the battery box and needs to be waterproof, which increases material costs and structural complexity. In addition, the existing solution requires multiple fixings of the wiring harness and terminal during assembly, which is time-consuming.

[0003] To address these issues, an integrated, lightweight and safer power distribution solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a positive electrode external fuse box and a working method to solve the problems of redundant wires, high waterproofing costs, and insufficient short-circuit protection in traditional solutions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A positive external fuse box is installed in the cab, specifically comprising a box body, a copper busbar and a sheet-type fuse;

[0007] The copper busbar is arranged inside the box body along the length direction thereof, and a transversely arranged copper busbar is provided inside the box body: the copper busbar is provided with N openings, where N is an integer ≥ 2; N groups of sheet-type fuses are provided in a direction perpendicular to the copper busbar; openings are provided at both ends of the sheet-type fuses; single-headed bolts for inputting power are provided in the openings corresponding to the sheet-type fuses and the copper busbar, and the power input end is directly connected to the power supply from the chassis fuse box using a single wire, and is crimped with a ring terminal and then fastened with a single-headed bolt; a stud bolt is provided in the opening at the end of the sheet-type fuse away from the copper busbar, and the stud bolt has two threaded heads and corresponding nuts, wherein the nut at one end is connected to the sheet-type fuse, and the nut at the other end is connected to a wiring harness terminal for different purposes through a wire.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the sheet-type fuse is a MIDI-type sheet-type fuse.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, adjacent sheet-type fuses in the box are separated by baffles.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, two opposite sides of the outer wall of the box body are provided with a snap-fit structure that cooperates with the inner wall of the firewall bracket.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the snap-fit structure includes elastic snap blocks evenly arranged on the outside of the box body at a certain interval, and the inner wall of the firewall bracket is provided with a snap groove that cooperates with the elastic snap blocks.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a working method of a positive pole external fuse box, comprising the following steps: the positive pole external fuse box is arranged in the cab, power is introduced from the chassis fuse box through a single wire, and is fixedly connected to the copper bus in the box after being crimped by a ring terminal; the copper bus distributes the power to multiple parallel chip fuses, and each chip fuse is connected to the corresponding load harness through the input end of a stud bolt.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This application is a positive external fuse box that can effectively solve the risk of burning the car due to the lack of plate-type fuse protection after the positive power enters the cab, thereby improving product reliability.

[0015] This external positive-pole fuse box achieves reliable and safe electrical connections through its unique structural design. Its E-shaped electrical connection structure ensures even current distribution, reducing energy loss and the risk of heat generation. The use of MIDI-type chip fuses quickly blows to protect the circuit and effectively prevent the risk of vehicle burns. The baffle design on both sides of the chip fuse inside the box enhances the protection performance of the chip fuse and extends its service life. The snap-on structure on the outside of the box simplifies the installation and maintenance process and improves installation efficiency. The overall design fully considers the actual needs of the vehicle's electrical system, significantly improves the safety and stability of the circuit, and ensures the normal operation of the vehicle. When powering the chassis fuse box, the power supply is reduced from the original two wires (chip fuse box power supply (after the power switch) + inverter power supply) to one wire, which can effectively reduce the use of wires and reduce the weight of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0017] Figure 1 A three-digit diagram of the positive electrode external fuse box of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded diagram;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the installation of the positive electrode external fuse box of the present invention on the firewall bracket;

[0020] Figure 4 For the circuit diagram.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Box body; 2. Copper busbar; 3. Single-head bolt; 4. Stud bolt; 5. Nut; 6. Plate fuse; 7. Baffle; 8. Firewall bracket; 9. Snap-in structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] See also Figure 1-4 The present embodiment provides a positive electrode external fuse box, which is installed in the cab and specifically includes a box body 1, a copper busbar 2 and a chip fuse 6. The copper busbar is arranged inside the box body along the length thereof. A horizontal three-hole copper busbar 2 is provided inside the box body. Three groups of chip fuses 6 are provided in a direction perpendicular to the copper busbar. The chip fuses have openings at both ends. Single-headed bolts 3 for inputting power are provided in the openings corresponding to the chip fuses and the copper busbar. The power input end is directly connected to the power supply from the chassis fuse box using a single wire. The ring terminal is crimped to the copper busbar and then fastened with a single-headed bolt. A stud is provided in the opening at the end of the chip fuse away from the copper busbar. The stud has two threaded heads and corresponding nuts. The nut at one end is connected to the chip fuse, and the nut at the other end is connected to a wiring harness terminal for different purposes, such as an inverter power supply, a parking air conditioner, or a cockpit wiring box, via a wire. The three parallel chip fuses can ensure that when any circuit is short-circuited, only the corresponding chip fuse will melt, without affecting other circuits, effectively eliminating the risk of vehicle burns caused by the lack of chip fuse protection after diversion.

[0024] The positive external fuse box of this embodiment can introduce power into the cab through a single wire, and the power is evenly distributed through the external fuse box. The distributed wires are protected by sheet-type fuses, reducing safety risks and cost waste.

[0025] In other embodiments, the number of openings of the copper busbar 2 and the corresponding number of chip fuses can be increased or decreased, depending on the actual use requirements.

[0026] Preferably, the chip fuse is a MIDI type chip fuse, which has excellent electrical performance and reliability, can quickly blow when the current is abnormal, and effectively protect the circuit.

[0027] Preferably, baffles 7 are provided on both sides of any chip fuse in the box body; the design of the baffles can effectively prevent the chip fuse from being mechanically damaged by the outside during use, and can also play a certain role in fire prevention and heat insulation, further improving the safety performance of the chip fuse box and extending its service life.

[0028] Furthermore, clip-on structures 9 are provided on opposite sides of the outer wall of the box, which engage with the inner wall of firewall bracket 8. This clip-on structure allows the blade fuse box to be quickly and easily installed on the vehicle's firewall, eliminating the need for additional, complex fixtures. This improves installation efficiency and facilitates subsequent repair and replacement. The entire design of the positive external fuse box fully considers the various operating conditions and requirements of the vehicle's electrical system in actual operation. Through an optimized structure and carefully selected materials, while ensuring the reliability of the electrical connection, it significantly improves the safety and stability of the vehicle's circuits, providing a strong guarantee for the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0029] Furthermore, the snap-fit structure 9 includes elastic blocks evenly arranged on the outside of the box body at a certain interval, and the inner wall of the firewall bracket 8 is provided with a slot that cooperates with the elastic block; during installation, the positive pole external fuse box is inserted into the firewall bracket 8 along the slot.

[0030] Furthermore, the cable protective rubber sheath of the positive external fuse box is made of PA6-GF2O, which is specifically made by adding 20wt% glass fiber to PA6. The addition of 20wt% glass fiber significantly improves the tensile strength, impact resistance, and abrasion resistance of PA6, making it suitable for environments subjected to mechanical stress or frequent friction. Furthermore, PA6-GF20 has better heat resistance than pure PA6, making it suitable for high-temperature environments such as engine compartments and electronic components. It also has a certain resistance to oils, grease, weak acids and alkalis, making it suitable for chemical exposure environments in the industrial and automotive fields. Glass fiber reduces the hygroscopicity of PA6, reducing performance degradation caused by humidity and protecting internal components from corrosion. PA6 is inherently insulating, and the addition of glass fiber maintains this property, making it suitable for protecting cables and electrical equipment. PA6-GF2O is lighter than metal, making it suitable for applications requiring weight reduction.

[0031] The core functions of the positive external fuse box are power distribution and circuit protection. It works as follows:

[0032] Power is drawn from the chassis fuse box via a single wire, crimped through a ring terminal, and securely connected to the copper busbar inside the box, ensuring stable high-current input. The copper busbar acts as a conductive busbar, distributing power to multiple parallel-connected chip fuses, each corresponding to a different electrical device. The output of each chip fuse is connected via studs: a nut on the input end secures the fuse output port, while the output end connects to the corresponding load wiring harness (such as the inverter power cable), with the nut securing the wire terminals. To replace a fuse, simply remove the studs and nuts of the faulty fuse, replace it with a new one, and re-tighten them.

[0033] When a short circuit or overload occurs in a circuit, the corresponding chip fuse will quickly melt, cutting off the faulty circuit, preventing the abnormal current from affecting other branches and preventing the risk of overheating or burning of the wiring harness; the baffle structure prevents the chip fuse from mechanical damage, and the clip-on design facilitates fixation on the firewall bracket, ensuring that the box is stable and fireproof and heat-insulating.

[0034] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positive electrode external fuse box, characterized by: It is installed in the cab and includes a box body, copper bar and sheet-type fuse; The copper busbar is arranged inside the box body along the length direction thereof, and a transversely arranged copper busbar is provided inside the box body: the copper busbar is provided with N openings, where N is an integer ≥ 2; N groups of sheet-type fuses are provided in a direction perpendicular to the copper busbar; openings are provided at both ends of the sheet-type fuses; single-headed bolts for inputting power are provided in the openings corresponding to the sheet-type fuses and the copper busbar, and the power input end is directly connected to the power supply from the chassis fuse box using a single wire, and is crimped with a ring terminal and then fastened with a single-headed bolt; a stud bolt is provided in the opening at the end of the sheet-type fuse away from the copper busbar, and the stud bolt has two threaded heads and corresponding nuts, wherein the nut at one end is connected to the sheet-type fuse, and the nut at the other end is connected to a wiring harness terminal for different purposes through a wire.

2. The positive electrode external fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet-type insurance is a MIDI-type sheet-type insurance.

3. The positive electrode external fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent sheet-type fuses in the box are separated by baffles.

4. The positive electrode external fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two opposite sides of the outer wall of the box body are provided with a clamping structure that cooperates with the inner wall of the firewall bracket.

5. The positive electrode external fuse box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping structure includes elastic clamping blocks that are evenly arranged on the outside of the box body at a certain interval, and the inner wall of the fire wall bracket is provided with a clamping groove that cooperates with the elastic clamping blocks.

6. The operating method of the positive electrode external fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: a positive external fuse box is installed in the cab, power is introduced from the chassis fuse box through a single wire, and is fixedly connected to the copper busbar in the box after being crimped with a ring terminal; the copper busbar distributes the power to multiple parallel chip fuses, and each chip fuse is connected to the corresponding load harness through the input end of a stud bolt.

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