Dual-polarized antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a dual-polarized antenna, which comprises a first radiation unit, the first radiation unit comprises a plurality of first oscillator arms arranged along the circumferential direction, each first oscillator arm is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end is arranged towards the phase center of the first radiation unit, the second end of each first oscillator arm is provided with two support arms, and the two support arms are oppositely arranged; the distance between the two support arms is gradually increased along the direction far away from the phase center of the first radiation unit; the phase center of the second radiation unit is the same as the phase center of the first radiation unit, the second radiation unit is arranged on the periphery of the first radiation unit in a surrounding mode, the second radiation unit is provided with a hollow installation cavity, and the first radiation unit is arranged in the installation cavity; and a gap is formed between the outer side wall of the first radiation unit and the inner wall of the mounting cavity in the circumferential direction. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the problem of relatively large coupling of a nested antenna in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-polarization antenna. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in order to save tower resources, multi-polarized antennas are usually used to deploy multiple frequency bands simultaneously, reducing the size of the antenna, the space occupied by the antenna and the deployment cost.

[0003] In the prior art, some radiating elements are typically arranged as a cavity structure with a chamber, and the remaining radiating elements are placed within the cavity structure, forming a nested antenna structure. This creates a complex three-dimensional structure in space, reducing the space occupied by the radiating elements and, in turn, the size of the antenna. However, due to the limited volume of the entire antenna, the outer radiating elements need to be arranged more compactly. As a result, the volume of the cavity is small, and the radiating elements placed within the cavity are too close to the outer radiating elements, causing mutual coupling interference, reducing radiation efficiency, and distorting the antenna's spectrum. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a dual-polarized antenna to solve the problem of large coupling of nested antennas in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a dual-polarization antenna, which includes: a first radiation unit, the first radiation unit includes a plurality of first dipole arms arranged along the circumferential direction, the first dipole arm has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, the first end is arranged toward the phase center of the first radiation unit, the second end of the first dipole arm has two branch arms, and the spacing between the two branch arms gradually increases in the direction away from the phase center of the first radiation unit; a second radiation unit, the second radiation unit and the first radiation unit have different operating frequency bands, and the phase center of the second radiation unit is the same as the phase center of the first radiation unit, the second radiation unit is arranged around the outer circumference of the first radiation unit, the second radiation unit has a hollow installation cavity, and the first radiation unit is arranged in the installation cavity, wherein there is a circumferential gap between the outer wall of the first radiation unit and the inner wall of the installation cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, a hollow groove is provided on the support arm, and the extending direction of the hollow groove is the same as the extending direction of the support arm.

[0007] Furthermore, an included angle α is formed between the two arms on each first pendulum arm, and the angle α is 70°≤α≤89.5°.

[0008] Furthermore, the first radiation unit also includes a first reflector, which is arranged below the first dipole arm along the height direction. The periphery of the first reflector has a ring-shaped surrounding structure, and the surrounding structure extends toward the first dipole arm.

[0009] Furthermore, a first support member is provided between the first reflector plate and the first dipole arm, and the first dipole arm is arranged to protrude from the surrounding structure in a height direction through the first support member.

[0010] Furthermore, the distance between the first reflector plate and the first dipole arm is L, where L is one quarter of the radiation wavelength of the first radiation unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the first radiation unit has four first dipole arms, and the second radiation unit has four second dipole arms. The four second dipole arms are arranged in a ring to form an installation cavity. The first dipole arms extend along the first direction, and the second dipole arms extend along the second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, two oppositely arranged first dipole arms form a first dipole group, and the remaining two oppositely arranged first dipole arms form a second dipole group, and the polarization directions of the first dipole group and the second dipole group are orthogonal to each other; two oppositely arranged second dipole arms form a third dipole group, and the remaining two oppositely arranged second dipole arms form a fourth dipole group, and the polarization direction of the third dipole group is the same as that of the first dipole group, and the polarization direction of the fourth dipole group is the same as that of the second dipole group.

[0013] Furthermore, the second vibrator arm includes a second substrate, a vibrator and a microstrip line are respectively arranged on both sides of the second substrate, and a filter groove is provided on the second substrate, the filter groove has a first section and a second section connected to each other, the first section extends along the first direction, and the second section is perpendicular to the first section.

[0014] Furthermore, the second radiation unit includes a second reflecting plate, which is arranged below the second diffusor arm in the height direction. A second supporting member is provided between the first reflecting plate and the second reflecting plate. There is a gap between the first reflecting plate and the second reflecting plate through the second supporting member, and the first reflecting plate does not protrude from the mounting cavity in the height direction.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of the present application, by setting the first dipole arm of the first radiation unit as two arms, and the distance between the two arms gradually increases in the direction away from the phase center, the first dipole arm will form a Y-shaped structure, reducing the extension path of the first dipole arm in the planar direction, and reducing the length of the first dipole arm while ensuring the bandwidth of the first dipole arm, thereby reducing the area of the first radiation unit. In this way, while ensuring that the volume of the second radiation unit remains unchanged, a gap is created in the circumferential direction between the outer wall of the first radiation unit and the inner wall of the installation cavity, so as to reduce the mutual coupling interference between the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, suppress unexpected energy interaction, and thereby improve the radiation efficiency of the overall dual-polarization antenna and ensure the stability of the antenna spectrum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 shows a top view of the dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 shows a side view of the dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 The polarization pattern of the first vibrator group provided by the present invention at +45° is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 The figure shows the polarization direction diagram of the second vibrator group provided by the present invention at -45°;

[0022] Figure 6 The polarization pattern of the third oscillator group provided by the present invention at +45° is shown;

[0023] Figure 7 The polarization direction diagram of the fourth vibrator group provided by the present invention at -45° is shown.

[0024] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 100, first radiation unit; 110, first dipole arm; 111, support arm; 112, hollow slot; 120, first reflector; 121, surrounding structure;

[0026] 200, second radiation unit; 201, mounting cavity; 210, second dipole arm; 211, second substrate; 212, filter slot; 220, second reflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Currently, the main sub-6G frequency bands for domestic mobile communications are low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency. The low-frequency bands primarily include 703-803MHz and 821-960MHz, the mid-frequency bands primarily include 1710-2170MHz and 2515-2675MHz, and the high-frequency bands include 3300-3600MHz and 4800-4960MHz. 5G deployment has largely been completed in the high-frequency bands, but 4G deployment in the low- and mid-frequency bands is prevalent, leading to a strong demand for 5G deployment. New 5G equipment must coexist with existing 4G equipment, and separate antennas for multiple bands would occupy significant space, increasing deployment costs and maintenance difficulties. In this case, using a single antenna for both low- and mid-frequency signals conserves tower resources. However, the frequency bands of low frequency and medium frequency are quite different, making it difficult to achieve such a broadband antenna. In existing technologies, low frequency and medium frequency are usually divided into frequency bands and a composite structure dual-frequency dual-polarization antenna is used to solve this problem. However, this will result in strong coupling between the low frequency and medium frequency antennas.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-polarization antenna to solve the problem of reducing the coupling between two frequency antennas in a dual-frequency dual-polarization antenna of a composite structure. The dual-polarization antenna includes a first radiating unit 100 and a second radiating unit 200. The first radiating unit 100 operates in the 1710-2170 MHz frequency band, and the second radiating unit 200 operates in the 821-960 MHz frequency band. The first radiating unit 100 includes a plurality of first dipole arms 110 arranged along the circumferential direction, the first dipole arm 110 having a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, the first end being arranged toward the phase center of the first radiating unit 100, the second end of the first dipole arm 110 having two arms 111, the spacing between the two arms 111 gradually increasing in the direction away from the phase center of the first radiating unit 100. The phase center of the second radiation unit 200 is the same as the phase center of the first radiation unit 100. The second radiation unit 200 is arranged around the periphery of the first radiation unit 100. The second radiation unit 200 has a hollow installation cavity 201, and the first radiation unit 100 is arranged in the installation cavity 201, wherein there is a circumferential gap between the outer wall of the first radiation unit 100 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 201.

[0030] By applying the technical solution of the present application, by setting the first dipole arm 110 of the first radiation unit 100 as two arms 111, and the distance between the two arms 111 gradually increases in the direction away from the phase center, the first dipole arm 110 will form a Y-shaped structure, reducing the extension path of the first dipole arm 110 in the planar direction, and reducing the length of the first dipole arm 110 while ensuring the bandwidth of the first dipole arm 110, thereby reducing the area of the first radiation unit 100. In this way, while ensuring that the volume of the second radiation unit 200 remains unchanged, a gap is created in the circumferential direction between the outer wall of the first radiation unit 100 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 201, so as to reduce the mutual coupling interference between the first radiation unit 100 and the second radiation unit 200, suppress unexpected energy interaction, and thereby improve the radiation efficiency of the overall dual-polarization antenna and ensure the stability of the antenna spectrum.

[0031] Furthermore, a hollow slot 112 is provided on the support arm 111, which penetrates the support arm 111. The extension direction of the hollow slot 112 is the same as the extension direction of the support arm 111. Such a configuration allows the current to flow around the edge of the hollow slot 112, and then the flow path of the current on the support arm 111 is equivalent to increasing the electrical length of the first dipole arm 110. In this way, while ensuring the resonant frequency of the first dipole arm 110, the physical length of the first dipole arm 110 can be further shortened, making the first radiation unit 100 miniaturized.

[0032] Specifically, the two arms 111 on each first dipole arm 110 have an angle α therebetween, 70°≤α≤89.5°. When the angle α is less than 70°, the distance between the two arms 111 is too small, and the extension direction of the arm 111 on the plane is still relatively long; when the angle α is greater than 89.5°, the remaining adjacent first dipole arms 110 on the plane will overlap with each other, affecting the use of the first radiation unit 100. In the present application, by setting the angle α between the two arms 111 on the first dipole arm 110 to be between 70° and 89.5°, the normal operation of the first radiation unit 100 can be ensured, and the volume of the first radiation unit 100 can be minimized. Specifically, α can be set to 70°, 85°, 88° or 89.5°.

[0033] In the present application, the first radiating element 100 further includes a first reflector 120, which is disposed below the first dipole arm 110 in the height direction to radiate electromagnetic waves in the opposite direction of the first dipole arm 110. The periphery of the first reflector 120 includes an annular surrounding structure 121, which extends toward the first dipole arm 110. This arrangement reduces interference between the first radiating element 100 and the second radiating element 200, thereby improving the independence of the frequency bands between the first radiating element 100 and the second radiating element 200 and ensuring the stability of the frequency spectrum of the first radiating element 100.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the present application, the first reflective plate 120 is a square, and the four sides of the square form a continuous surrounding structure.

[0035] Furthermore, a first support member is provided between the first reflector 120 and the first dipole arm 110, and the first dipole arm 110 is arranged to protrude in the height direction from the surrounding structure 121 via the first support member. This arrangement can reduce the filtering effect on the first dipole arm 110, ensure the frequency band selectivity of the first radiating element 100, and stabilize the directivity pattern of the first radiating element 100.

[0036] Specifically, the first support member may be a structure such as a pillar or a bolt made of plastic material.

[0037] Furthermore, the distance between the first reflector 120 and the first dipole arm 110 is L, where L is one-quarter of the radiation wavelength of the first radiating element 100. This configuration allows for precise control of the path length difference of the electromagnetic wave, achieving directional energy concentration, maximizing the forward gain of the first radiating element 100, and optimizing the impedance matching of the first radiating element 100.

[0038] Specifically, in the present application, the first radiating element 100 has four first dipole arms 110, and the second radiating element 200 has four second dipole arms 210. The four second dipole arms 210 are arranged in a ring to form a mounting cavity 201. The first dipole arms 110 extend along a first direction, and the second dipole arms 210 extend along a second direction, with the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to each other. With this arrangement, the second dipole arms 210, through alternating annular distribution, can be arranged to form a mounting cavity 201 for placement of the first radiating element 100, forming a nested structure within a three-dimensional space. This reduces the space occupied by the antenna, makes the structure more compact, and thereby reduces space waste within the communication system.

[0039] Furthermore, two first dipole arms 110 disposed opposite to each other form a first dipole group, and the other two first dipole arms 110 disposed opposite to each other form a second dipole group. The polarization directions of the first dipole group and the second dipole group are orthogonal to each other. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first dipole group and the second dipole group can radiate a pair of ±45° high-frequency polarized electromagnetic waves; two oppositely arranged second dipole arms 210 form a third dipole group, and the remaining two oppositely arranged second dipole arms 210 form a fourth dipole group. The third dipole group has the same polarization direction as the first dipole group, and the fourth dipole group has the same polarization direction as the second dipole group. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the third dipole group and the fourth dipole group can radiate a pair of ±45° low-frequency polarized electromagnetic waves, realizing the operation of a dual-frequency dual-polarization antenna.

[0040] Specifically, the second dipole arm 210 includes a second substrate 211, and a dipole and a microstrip line are respectively provided on both sides of the second substrate 211. The microstrip line feeds the dipole and radiates electromagnetic waves. A filter slot 212 is provided on the second substrate 211, so that the second radiation unit 200 can filter the electromagnetic waves generated by the first radiation unit 100, further reducing the coupling between the two and improving the frequency isolation of the antenna.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the filter slot 212 has a first section and a second section that are interconnected. The first section extends along a first direction, and the second section is perpendicular to the first section. This arrangement allows for the formation of a continuous filter slot 212 of a longer length on the same second substrate 211, minimizing structural damage to the second substrate 211 caused by the filter slot 212 and ensuring the physical stability of the second vibrator arm 210.

[0042] Specifically, the second substrate 211 is made of a PTFE sheet material DK3.0 from Zhongying, with a thickness of 0.762 mm, a relative dielectric constant of 3.0, and a loss of 0.003. Similarly, the four first dipole arms 110 of the first radiating element 100 can also be disposed on a first substrate having an area smaller than that of the first reflector 120, with the first dipole group and the second dipole group disposed on opposite sides of the first substrate.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the second radiating unit 200 includes a second reflector 220, which is disposed below the second dipole arm 210 in the height direction. A second support member is provided between the first reflector 120 and the second reflector 220. The first reflector 120 is spaced apart from the second reflector 220 by the second support member, and the first reflector 120 does not protrude from the mounting cavity 201 in the height direction. This arrangement allows the second reflector 220 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the opposite direction toward the second dipole arm 210, and the fact that the first reflector 120 does not protrude from the mounting cavity 201 can reduce multipath interference, further ensuring a stable directivity pattern of the first radiating unit 100.

[0044] Similarly, the second support member may be a structure such as a pillar or a bolt made of plastic.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0048] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0049] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized antenna, characterized in that: The dual-polarized antenna comprises: A first radiation unit (100), the first radiation unit (100) comprising a plurality of first dipole arms (110) arranged along a circumferential direction, the first dipole arms (110) having a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, the first end being arranged toward the phase center of the first radiation unit (100), the second end of the first dipole arm (110) having two support arms (111), the spacing between the two support arms (111) gradually increasing in a direction away from the phase center of the first radiation unit (100); A second radiation unit (200), wherein the operating frequency band of the second radiation unit (200) is different from that of the first radiation unit (100), and the phase center of the second radiation unit (200) is the same as the phase center of the first radiation unit (100), the second radiation unit (200) is arranged around the periphery of the first radiation unit (100), the second radiation unit (200) has a hollow installation cavity (201), and the first radiation unit (100) is arranged in the installation cavity (201), wherein there is a gap in the circumferential direction between the outer wall of the first radiation unit (100) and the inner wall of the installation cavity (201).

2. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein The support arm (111) is provided with a hollow groove (112), and the extension direction of the hollow groove (112) is the same as the extension direction of the support arm (111).

3. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein An included angle α is formed between the two support arms (111) on each of the first vibrator arms (110), and the angle α is 70°≤α≤89.5°.

4. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiation unit (100) further comprises a first reflection plate (120), the first reflection plate (120) being arranged below the first dipole arm (110) in a height direction, the periphery of the first reflection plate (120) comprising a ring-shaped surrounding structure (121), the surrounding structure (121) extending in the direction of the first dipole arm (110).

5. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein: A first support member is provided between the first reflection plate (120) and the first vibrator arm (110), and the first vibrator arm (110) is arranged to protrude from the surrounding structure (121) in the height direction through the first support member.

6. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein: The distance between the first reflection plate (120) and the first dipole arm (110) is L, and L is one quarter of the radiation wavelength of the first radiation unit (100).

7. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein: The first radiation unit (100) has four first dipole arms (110), and the second radiation unit (200) has four second dipole arms (210). The four second dipole arms (210) are arranged in a ring to form the installation cavity (201). The first dipole arms (110) extend along a first direction, and the second dipole arms (210) extend along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

8. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 7, wherein: Two of the first vibrator arms (110) arranged opposite to each other form a first vibrator group, and the remaining two of the first vibrator arms (110) arranged opposite to each other form a second vibrator group, and the polarization directions of the first vibrator group and the second vibrator group are orthogonal to each other; Two of the second dipole arms (210) arranged opposite to each other form a third dipole group, and the remaining two second dipole arms (210) arranged opposite to each other form a fourth dipole group. The third dipole group has the same polarization direction as the first dipole group, and the fourth dipole group has the same polarization direction as the second dipole group.

9. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The second vibrator arm (210) comprises a second substrate (211), a vibrator and a microstrip line are respectively provided on both sides of the second substrate (211), and a filtering slot (212) is provided on the second substrate (211), the filtering slot (212) having a first section and a second section connected to each other, the first section extending along the first direction, and the second section being perpendicular to the first section.

10. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The second radiation unit (200) comprises a second reflection plate (220), the second reflection plate (220) being arranged below the second dipole arm (210) in the height direction, a second support member being provided between the first reflection plate (120) and the second reflection plate (220), a gap being provided between the first reflection plate (120) and the second reflection plate (220) via the second support member, and the first reflection plate (120) not protruding from the mounting cavity (201) in the height direction.

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