Wind energy and photovoltaic solar power generation complementation and energy storage railway power supply system merged into state grid and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind energy and photovoltaic solar power generation complementation and energy storage railway power supply system merged into a state grid and a control method. Railways are major arteries of national economy and are used for middle and long distance of passengers and cargos in China, rescue and relief work, military transfer, main transportation of military demand supply, passenger transport high-speed rail trains and common passenger transport electric motor freight locomotives, and electric energy is used as power for traction. Station business, communication scheduling, signal command, lighting and air conditioning, overhaul and maintenance, scientific research experiment, network media, system management and the like completely depend on the state grid power supply, and is an existing railway power supply technical scheme. Wind energy and solar energy power stations networked with the state grid are built along the railway, and wind and light power generation complementation and energy storage are used for supplying power to the railway. Power supply is insufficient in windless, night, rainy and snowy days, and energy storage peak regulation of the power storage station is used for supplement. And if the shortage is supplemented, the controller automatically switches to use the state grid power according to the original line. The remaining amount is input into the state grid for sales payment and state grid electricity charge is used. A new energy power supply technical scheme is innovated, and the modes of wind and light complementation, railway supply, residual electricity energy storage, residual electricity storage on the internet and energy storage peak regulation are adopted. The problems that railway transportation depends on conventional energy power supply of the state grid, power consumption is high and pollution is high are solved, the difficult problems that a railway transportation system is high in electricity price, high in electric charge and high in transportation cost due to high electric charge payment are solved, and the quality and efficiency improvement problem of railway transportation in the new era is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway system power supply, and is a railway power supply method that is interconnected with the national power grid and is complementary to wind and solar power generation and energy storage. Background Art

[0002] (1) Existing power supply technology schemes for national railways

[0003] Railways are the primary mode of transportation in China, a vital national infrastructure and a popular means of transportation, serving as the backbone of the national transportation system. Railway transportation is the main artery of the national economy, carrying the majority of passengers and freight for medium- and long-distance travel, disaster relief, military mobilization, and military supply. China's railway history dates back to 1876, when British merchants, despite opposition from the Qing government, built the first Shanghai-Wusong Railway in Shanghai for their own commercial interests. By 2022, China's railway history had reached over 130 years. By 2024, the national operating mileage exceeded 146,000 kilometers, including over 40,000 kilometers of high-speed rail. The national railway double-track rate and electrification rate reached 60% and 70%, respectively. Over this 130-year history, China's railway transportation has evolved from coal-fired trains hauled by steam engines and oil-fired internal combustion engines to electric trains powered by electricity. In April 2007, China's railways underwent their sixth major speed increase. Electric locomotives, including the CRHI, CRH2, and CRH5 series, began operating on a large scale, reaching speeds of 200 km / h. The Beijing-Harbin, Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Shanghai, and Jiaoji railways reached 300 km / h, ushering in the era of high-speed rail. In the new era, a strong transportation nation must be built on railways first. China's railways have entered an era where electricity is the primary energy source for traction and propulsion. Railway power supply is a crucial component of the railway transportation system, and power supply technology is one of the major technical challenges in railway transportation. Electricity is the primary energy source for railway transportation. High-speed trains and EMUs are both powered by electricity, and conventional passenger and freight transport also primarily relies on electric locomotives. Railway passenger and freight transport, station operations, dispatching and command, signaling and communications, lighting and air conditioning, network media, maintenance, scientific research, and system management all rely on electricity and are essential, consuming high amounts of electricity. Electricity is the primary energy source for railway transportation and a vital conventional energy source for all departments. China's railway system relies entirely on the national grid, which is the primary power supply solution currently used by the Chinese railway system.

[0004] China's railway transportation has entered the era of electrification, with the sixth major speed increase in 2007 marking the beginning of the high-speed rail era. High-speed trains operating at speeds of up to 350 km / h consume 9,600 kWh of electricity per hour. When the speed drops to 250 km / h, the energy consumption drops to just 6,000 kWh. The faster the train, the more powerful the traction motors, and the greater the power consumption. The State Grid charges electricity for national railways according to industrial standards, with high electricity prices due to transformer losses and surcharges. This high electricity burden contributes to excessively high railway transportation costs. Based on current high-speed rail ticket prices, electricity costs account for approximately 30% of the total cost of transportation. This is calculated based on a fixed number of seats on trains. If passenger occupancy rates are 80%, 70%, 60%, or 50%, the electricity cost will be even higher, even leading to losses. Only the Beijing-Shanghai line in China's high-speed rail is profitable; all other sections operate at a loss. High-speed trains and electric locomotives receive electricity from the national grid and are transmitted via lines to railway traction substations, where it is transformed to the voltage required for high-speed trains and conventional electric locomotives. High-speed trains operate at a voltage of 27.5 kV. The traction substations transmit electricity via lines to overhead catenary lines along the railway line, where it contacts pantographs on the roofs of high-speed trains. This is how high-speed trains obtain their power. The power supply principle for high-speed trains is similar to that of trolleybuses. Simply put, a wire (catenary) is installed on the roof of the train, and conductive rails (double pantographs) are installed on the high-speed trains. Power supply units (traction substations) are located every few dozen kilometers to provide power to the high-speed trains. The specific model is: national grid – high-voltage transmission lines – railway substations – overhead catenary lines – rail return circuits. The advanced and mysterious aspect of high-speed train power supply is the dynamic power supply "pantograph-catenary system." This high-speed train's high-voltage power system, composed of pantographs and catenary lines, controls the train's movement, speed, and stopping. The pantograph is mounted on a 2.75kV high-voltage overhead wire, which is 72 times higher than the 380V power supply used by general industrial and mining enterprises. It consumes a lot of electricity but has ample power.

[0005] High-speed train traction substations utilize a two-circuit backup system, with overhead lines installed on both sides of the railway. If one power source fails, the other automatically switches over with a delay measured in milliseconds, ensuring no disruption to train operations. Furthermore, the two local power sources are connected to the national grid in different locations on either side of the railway, ensuring that if one local power source fails, the other side remains powered. The probability of intentional simultaneous power outages from the national grid on both sides is extremely low, and this design is a precautionary measure. Regardless of the number of trains passing through each section of the railway daily, the transmission lines remain powered, resulting in significant transformer and current losses. Improving the existing, outdated power supply technology within the railway transportation system is a major challenge. The green energy transition for railway transportation is an even more significant challenge.

[0006] (2) Defects and drawbacks of existing railway power supply technology solutions

[0007] 1. Deficiencies in the existing power supply technology of national railways

[0008] (1) There is no independent power supply, and the production will be paralyzed if the State Grid supplies power and the power goes out.

[0009] (2) It is completely dependent on the power supply from the State Grid. In 2024, it consumed 108.54 trillion kWh of conventional energy electricity supplied by the State Grid, which is a high energy consumption.

[0010] (3) In order to prevent power outages on the power supply side, a dual power supply system is set up along the line to form an internal power supply network, which increases investment costs, increases the power consumption in the transformation, transmission and waiting states, increases operation and maintenance costs, adds a huge power supply line network, and increases equipment update costs.

[0011] 2. Disadvantages of the existing power supply technology in the national railway system

[0012] (1) All sections of the railway transportation system opened and operated across the country do not have their own power supply systems and backup emergency power supply systems.

[0013] (2) The national railway transportation uses electricity as the main power source. The transportation drive and traction technology is at the forefront of the times, but the power supply technology is still at the outdated and backward state of a hundred years ago.

[0014] (3) High electricity consumption. Large industrial sectors use the State Grid to supply high-priced electricity. Electricity prices are levied according to peak hours and peak periods from morning to night. The electricity price is a special commodity price that is not subject to negotiation and is unilaterally set by the State Grid (the seller). This results in high electricity bills, with an estimated 86.83 billion yuan spent in 2024, adding significant costs to railway operations. Electricity costs are 27 times the annual profit of railway transportation.

[0015] (4) The electricity supplied by the national power grid is mostly coal-fired. Although trains do not burn coal directly, their high-energy consumption is mostly coal-fired power, which seriously pollutes the environment nationwide.

[0016] (5) The railway system consumes a lot of conventional energy and thermal power, which is a major problem in China's green energy transformation.

[0017] (6) Changing and breaking through the existing high-energy-consuming, high-cost, outdated power supply technology is a major problem for the national railway system.

[0018] (3) Defects and drawbacks of existing wind power generation technology and photovoltaic solar power generation technology

[0019] 1. Defects and drawbacks of wind power generation technology

[0020] Wind power generation converts wind energy into mechanical energy, which is then converted back into electrical energy. However, the key is that no power is generated when there is no wind, and power generation is insufficient when the wind is weak. Wind power alone cannot continuously, stably, and safely supply railways, and therefore cannot meet the electricity needs of railway transportation operations.

[0021] 2. Defects and disadvantages of photovoltaic solar power generation technology

[0022] Solar power generation occurs when crystalline silicon panels absorb sunlight, creating a photovoltaic effect that generates direct current (DC) electricity. This DC power is then fed into an inverter via photovoltaic cables, where it is converted into alternating current (AC). However, it does not generate power at night, during rainy, foggy, or snowy weather. Solar power alone cannot provide continuous, stable, and safe power to railways, and therefore cannot meet the electricity needs of railway transportation and commercial operations.

[0023] (4) Innovative railway new energy power supply technology solutions

[0024] The inventors have combined the strengths of wind and photovoltaic solar power generation technologies, addressing their respective shortcomings and drawbacks. This approach employs wind and photovoltaic solar power stations, which complement each other, along with energy storage stations to supply railway power. These technologies are planned, constructed, and operated simultaneously, integrated into the national grid and operating in parallel with it. This invention innovates the national railway power supply technology, rewriting the history of China's railways' complete reliance on the national grid for power supply and ushering in a new era of complementary supply of new energy green electricity from wind and photovoltaic solar power generation.

[0025] From 2008 to 2025, the inventors undertook 18 years of research, exploration, and experimentation, conducting comprehensive and in-depth studies on railway operating speeds, freight and passenger capacity, power supply sources, power supply technologies, power consumption, electricity prices, and electricity expenditures. Integrating new energy power supply technologies, they innovatively proposed the presently filed technical solution for "a railway method integrating wind and photovoltaic solar power generation with energy storage for integrated state-owned grid power supply." This innovative railway power supply solution replaces traditional, outdated power supply solutions with wind and solar power generation complemented by smart energy storage. This innovation is a significant step forward in both energy and power supply technology revolutions within China's railway system, elevating Chinese railway power supply technology to new heights. By breaking through the century-old traditional power supply solutions of Chinese railways and innovating new energy power supply solutions, the invention addresses the problems of railways' reliance on state-owned conventional energy sources, high power consumption, and high environmental pollution, as well as the high electricity costs and low profits associated with railway transportation. It addresses the green energy transition in China's railways and the need to improve the quality and efficiency of Chinese railway transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0026] The purpose of this invention is to provide a railway power supply system and method that integrates wind and photovoltaic solar power generation with energy storage, integrated into the national grid, to address the issue of new energy power supply for China's railway transportation system. This system will achieve a comprehensive green transformation of electricity consumption for high-speed trains, electric locomotive passenger transportation, freight transportation, station operations, communications and signaling, dispatching and command, lighting and air conditioning, daily life and catering, heating and cooling, maintenance, network media, scientific and technological experiments, and office work for administrative agencies at all levels, all using new energy electricity provided by new energy power supply technology solutions. This system will have the same performance as conventional energy from the national grid, adjusting the railway energy structure and achieving both an "energy revolution" and a "power supply technology revolution." The railway system will have its own wind and solar power generation and energy storage power station, providing low-cost power supply and significant savings in electricity bills. Energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection, safety, convenience, reduced consumption, improved quality, and increased efficiency will increase the railway transportation system's annual profit by 10 times.

[0027] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0028] Within the operational scope of China's railway transportation system, railway bureaus will construct distributed wind power stations and distributed solar power stations combined with energy storage along high-speed, electrified, and conventional sections of the line. These stations will be built simultaneously under an overall planning framework, using wind and solar power generation complemented by energy storage to power the railways. This will be operated under a "wind and solar complementarity" model, with surplus power stored, surplus electricity connected to the grid, and energy storage for peak load regulation.

[0029] The railway power supply system integrated into the national grid is a wind power, photovoltaic solar power generation and energy storage system with complementary features:

[0030] The wind and photovoltaic solar power stations built, which generate electricity and have complementary advantages over each other, are integrated into the national grid and operate in sync with the national grid.

[0031] The characteristics of the national grid-integrated wind power, photovoltaic solar power generation complementation + energy storage railway power supply method are:

[0032] All wind and photovoltaic solar power stations are connected to the State Grid, with the connection point located at the connection point between the State Grid and the National Railway Power Distribution Station. The State Grid provides free bidirectional metering and a remote monitoring system. The electricity generated by the renewable energy wind and solar power stations is supplied to the railway system through the connection point at the railway power distribution station. A controller controls the railway wind and solar hybrid power station to supply the railway, preventing the State Grid from reaching the railway power distribution station's consumer side. The complementary power generated by the wind and solar power stations primarily supplies railway electricity. If the complementary generation of the wind and solar power stations is insufficient, or the energy storage station is insufficient to supplement it, the controller automatically switches to the State Grid's supplementary power source, resuming the original circuit using the State Grid power.

[0033] The characteristics of the railway power supply method of incorporating wind energy, photovoltaic solar power generation and energy storage into the national grid are:

[0034] The railway system is building wind and photovoltaic solar power plants along the route, along with energy storage plants. These plants generate complementary power. This power is first supplied to railway operations. When the railway's power supply is insufficient, excess energy is stored in the energy storage plants for peak load regulation during periods of insufficient railway power.

[0035] The characteristics of the national grid-connected wind power, photovoltaic solar power generation complementation + energy storage railway power supply method are:

[0036] When there is surplus electricity for railway use and the energy storage power station is full, the surplus electricity will be input into the State Grid for sale to generate revenue and pay for the electricity bill of the State Grid.

[0037] Advantages of the present invention:

[0038] This invention is a wind-solar power generation complementary railway power supply system integrated into the national grid, and innovates the technical solution of wind-solar power generation complementary railway supply, surplus energy storage, and surplus storage and grid access. The specific advantages are as follows:

[0039] 1. Within the 130,000 mileage of the railway system, wind power stations, photovoltaic solar power stations + energy storage stations will be located and constructed along the railway line. They will be built on vacant sites of the railway system's land use rights facilities and on the roofs of buildings. The site can be easily solved on site, without the need to go through the procedures for approving the site or leasing or expropriating the site.

[0040] 2. Idle land within the railway system’s right-of-way and the roofs of buildings in the railway system are suitable for the construction of wind power stations, solar power stations and energy storage stations.

[0041] Third, innovatively integrate wind, photovoltaic, and energy storage technologies. Comprehensively plan and design wind and solar energy storage power stations along the railway. Simultaneously construct and operate them. This innovative approach of combining wind and solar power generation with energy storage for peak load regulation will ensure continuity, stability, and security in railway power supply.

[0042] 4. All wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations built will be connected to the national grid and operated in an interconnected network with the national grid. The grid connection points will be located at the access points of the national grid and the railway power supply and distribution stations.

[0043] Fifth, the operation model will be "wind and solar complement each other, supplying the railway, storing surplus power, and then feeding it into the grid for peak-shaving." The power plant will primarily supply the railway with electricity, with any excess stored. Once the energy storage station is fully charged, the excess will be fed into the State Grid for sale and revenue generation. This will cover the cost of electricity generated when there is no wind, or when there is no power generation at night, during rainy or snowy days, and when the State Grid is used for electricity. Wind and solar complement each other, and any surplus power supplied to the railway will be fed into the State Grid. When local capacity is insufficient, the energy storage station will store it for peak-shaving use by the railway and the State Grid.

[0044] 6. Intensive, three-dimensional, comprehensive and innovative use of road rights for construction.

[0045] 7. Wind power stations will be constructed on a decentralized scale, within the railway right-of-way. Each station will have an installed capacity of no more than 50 megawatts, occupying a small area and offering high power generation efficiency. Photovoltaic solar power stations will be constructed on a distributed scale, with each station having an installed capacity of no more than 6 megawatts. They offer low construction costs, a short construction period, flexibility, and rapid results. Both wind and photovoltaic power will be supplied by dedicated lines along the railway line.

[0046] 8. Wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations generate complementary electricity to supply railway power distribution stations. Although they utilize different sources of wind and solar energy and different power generation equipment, their power generation properties and energy are the same.

[0047] 9. Wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations represent the most mature, large-scale, and industrialized new energy industries worldwide. Independent wind and solar power generation each has its own limitations and drawbacks. This new technology combines wind and solar power generation for complementary power supply, leveraging their complementary advantages and energy storage, integrating new energy generation technologies with peak-shaving power supply technologies.

[0048] 10. The power generation system, power supply system and energy storage system of wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations adopt the most advanced science and technology. The power generation, power supply, transmission, storage and distribution are all automated, converting wind energy and light energy into electrical energy respectively. They are the world's latest developed and utilized new energy sources and are renewable, inexhaustible and green energy.

[0049] 11. Wind power, photovoltaic solar power stations, and energy storage power stations have high technological content, are durable, have low failure rates, low operating and maintenance costs, and long service lives.

[0050] 12. Wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations generate electricity without consuming fuel, emitting no pollutants, requiring no packaging or transportation, no backlog or inventory, no quality inspection or deterioration, no equipment updates or product upgrades, and are unaffected by market prices, climate change, or epidemics. They require no marketing efforts. They are invisible, intangible, and intangible, yet they generate enormous amounts of energy, equivalent to conventional electricity.

[0051] 13. Wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations, regardless of their installed capacity, have the same power generation performance. They utilize wind energy and photovoltaic solar energy, which are free and unlimited, unmanned and automated, connected to the national grid, with electronic power metering, remote monitoring, long-term service life, information-based scientific and technological management, and green transformation of railway energy supply to be environmentally friendly.

[0052] Beneficial effects of the application of the present invention:

[0053] Compared with the existing railway power supply technology solutions, it has the following effects:

[0054] 1. The railway transportation system has achieved a historic breakthrough by shifting from relying solely on the State Grid for power supply to a dual power supply system with railway self-power supply as the main source and State Grid power supply as the supplementary source.

[0055] 2. Adjust the energy structure of railway transportation and transform to smart green energy. This will establish a new energy power supply system with self-owned new energy power stations as the primary source of new energy electricity, and the State Grid as a supplementary backup power source for conventional energy.

[0056] 3. Save a massive 60 billion yuan in electricity costs annually, significantly reduce railway transportation costs, and improve the economic benefits of railway transportation. This will help push the railway industry's annual profit from 3.9 billion yuan to over 50 billion yuan by 2024.

[0057] 4. This will save the State Grid 800 trillion kWh of conventional energy annually, reduce coal consumption by 320 billion tons annually, and reduce emissions by 783 million tons of carbon dioxide, 21.76 million tons of sulfur dioxide, 2.4 million tons of sodium oxides of nitrogen, 288 million tons of dust, and 240 billion tons of wastewater annually. This will have significant ecological and environmental benefits nationwide, achieving a green energy transition.

[0058] 5. Promote the advancement of railway power supply technology, end the century-long reliance on local power grid power supply technology solutions, and ensure that railway power supply technology will be efficient and leading for a century.

[0059] 6. Be the first in China to replace traditional conventional energy with renewable energy, and carry out energy revolution and railway power supply technology revolution.

[0060] 7. Make significant contributions to national energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.

[0061] 8. Provide 30 years of employment for 60,000 employees of power supply stations across the railway system.

[0062] 9. The huge power supply project and the huge demand for wind power, photovoltaic solar power generation equipment, and energy storage power station equipment will drive the industrial development of wind power, solar energy, and energy storage equipment manufacturers.

[0063] 10. Add new energy power generation, energy conservation and environmental protection along all sections of China Railway, and create a unique and beautiful landscape for China Railway to improve quality and efficiency.

[0064] 11. Promote the advancement of railway power supply technology worldwide.

[0065] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The technical solution of the present invention

[0066] The specific implementation is described as follows:

[0067] In China's railway transportation system, railway bureaus are used as units to build wind power stations, photovoltaic solar power stations + energy storage stations with matching installed capacity in each radius range of high-speed railway, electrified railway and conventional railway sections along the railway, with railway power supply stations as coordinates according to the electricity consumption in each section. The generated electricity is first input into the railway power supply station for supply to the railway, and the remaining electricity is input into the supporting energy storage station. When the energy storage station is full, the surplus electricity is input into the State Grid for sale to generate revenue and pay for the electricity bill of the State Grid.

[0068] The wind-solar power generation complementary + energy storage railway power supply system consists of a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic solar power generation system + an energy storage power station system. The wind power generation system consists of distributed / centralized power stations, and the solar power generation system consists of distributed and centralized solar power stations. The energy storage power station is constructed along with the power station layout.

[0069] 1. Wind power generation and power supply system

[0070] According to the electricity consumption of each section, the layout and construction of distributed and centralized wind power plants will be carried out to supply electricity to the railway system.

[0071] (1) Distributed wind power plants

[0072] The installed capacity of a distributed wind power plant is within 50 megawatts. The power station consists of a tower base, a wind turbine, a sail-type wind rotor, an inverter, a grid-connected controller, a speed limit controller, a battery pack, a battery charger, a microcomputer, a wireless communication transmitter system, a remote monitoring system, a lightning protection device, a booster station, a transmission line, and a two-way electronic meter.

[0073] (2) Centralized wind power plants

[0074] A centralized wind farm with an installed capacity of more than 50 megawatts consists of a tower base, wind turbines, sail-type wind rotors, inverters, grid-connected controllers, speed limit controllers, unloaders, battery packs, battery chargers, microcomputers, wireless communication transmitter systems, remote monitoring systems, lightning protection devices, booster stations, transmission lines, and two-way electronic meters.

[0075] 2. Photovoltaic solar power generation and power supply system

[0076] According to the power consumption of each section, distributed and centralized solar photovoltaic power stations are constructed to generate electricity and supply electricity to the railway system.

[0077] (1) Distributed photovoltaic solar power stations

[0078] Each power station has an installed capacity of less than 6 MW and consists of a crystalline silicon panel array, mounting brackets, inverters, controllers, lightning protection devices, photovoltaic cables, AC cables, wireless communication transmission systems, remote monitoring systems, booster stations, transmission lines, bidirectional electronic meters, and switchgear.

[0079] (2) Centralized photovoltaic solar power station

[0080] Each power station has an installed capacity of over 6 MW and consists of a crystalline silicon panel array, a support inverter, a controller, a lightning arrester, photovoltaic cables, AC cables, a wireless communication transmission system, a remote monitoring system, a booster station, transmission lines, two-way electronic meters, and switchgear.

[0081] 3. Energy Storage Power Station

[0082] Each wind power station and photovoltaic solar power station is equipped with an energy storage station. Based on 20% of the power generation of the power station, containerized lithium batteries are used to store direct current electricity for railway power consumption and peak regulation of the national grid.

[0083] Incorporated into the State Grid system access plan

[0084] 1. Interconnection with the State Grid

[0085] The wind and solar power generation complementarity + energy storage railway power supply system, the wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations built are all integrated into the national grid and operate synchronously with the national grid.

[0086] 2. Grid connection plan

[0087] The wind and solar complementary power stations built on various sections of high-speed railways, electrified railways, conventional railways, etc. are connected to the access points of the national power grid and railway power supply and distribution stations.

[0088] The system access solution is as follows:

[0089] 1. High-speed railway sections: The power supply is directly connected to the State Grid at the railway distribution station, with electricity supplied at 29kV. The power is first supplied to the railway, with any remaining energy stored in a supporting energy storage station. Once the energy storage station is full, any remaining energy is fed into the State Grid for sale and revenue generation.

[0090] 2. Electrified section: directly connected to the national grid at the railway power distribution station and connected to the national grid at 25kv and 380V.

[0091] 3. Ordinary road sections: At the access point of the national grid power supply line and the railway power line, it is connected to the national grid at 25kv and 380V.

[0092] Control method for railway power supply system integrated into the national grid with wind and solar power generation complementation and energy storage

[0093] It is characterized by the following steps:

[0094] 1. Control method of distributed wind power station

[0095] The tower is the supporting device that holds the wind turbine upright in the air. It is constructed in a tower-like shape using round steel and angle steel. The height of the tower is determined by the power of the generator. The greater the power of the generator, the higher the tower.

[0096] The wind collecting device is a sail-like wind wheel on the outside of the tower, consisting of four sail boards. Its function is to convert the kinetic energy of the flowing air into mechanical energy for the rotation of the wind wheel.

[0097] The universal sail rotor does not need to face the wind and can always face the wind direction, so that the wind wheel can maximize the wind energy to generate electricity.

[0098] The speed limiter is a safety device installed on wind turbines that keeps the rotor speed of the wind turbine essentially constant within a certain wind speed range. If the wind speed exceeds the limit, the turbine will automatically shut down and stop rotating, ensuring the safety of the wind turbine.

[0099] Wind turbines derive their energy from the rotation of the rotor atop the tower. The rotor shaft rotates, driving the generator to generate electricity. All wind turbines utilize AC asynchronous generators. The generated current is converted to 25kV, 29kV, or 380V via inverters. Electronic, electric, and intelligent control directly feeds the power to the national grid connection point, where it is then fed into railway traction substations and the national grid, where it is automatically controlled by controllers.

[0100] 2. Control Methods of Distributed Photovoltaic Solar Power Stations

[0101] Crystalline silicon solar panel arrays collect sunlight and convert it into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. An inverter converts DC power to 25kV, 29kV, or 380V. This AC power is then fed into a controller via an AC cable. Electronic, automated, and intelligent control directly connects the power grid to the national grid and the railway power station, where it is automatically controlled by the controller.

[0102] The voltage is adjusted by the booster station to the required voltage at the grid connection point and then fed into the railway substation for use. Any excess electricity used by the railway is fed into the energy storage power station. Once the energy storage station is full, it is then fed into the national grid for sale.

[0103] 3. Energy Storage Power Station Control Method

[0104] Wind farms and photovoltaic solar power stations along each road section are equipped with energy storage power stations with a generating capacity of 20%. They are all connected to the railway power supply system and the State Grid, with the railway power supply controlled by controllers and the State Grid's peak-shaving automatic control power supply.

[0105] This specification describes the basic principles, main features, main characteristics, beneficial effects, implementation methods and control methods of the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which are all within the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent and equivalent improvements made by engineers and technicians in this field based on the technical solution of this specification are defined by the claims and their equivalents within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0106] Figure 1 、 Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the railway power supply system that is integrated into the national grid-type wind and solar power generation complementation + energy storage.

Claims

1. Incorporated into the national grid-type wind power, photovoltaic solar power generation complementary + energy storage railway power supply system, It is characterized by Including China's high-speed railway, electrified railway, double-track railway, single-track ordinary railway wind power generation, photovoltaic solar power generation complementary power supply system, dedicated to railway transportation, The wind-solar complementary railway power supply system includes wind energy and photovoltaic solar power generation systems for high-speed railways, electrified railways, double-track railways, and single-track ordinary railways in various sections of the Chinese railway system. The wind power stations, photovoltaic solar power + energy storage power stations, and distributed wind power stations, distributed solar power stations + distributed energy storage power stations built on various sections of the railway system.

2. According to claim 1, the system is integrated into the national grid-type wind power, photovoltaic solar power generation complementary + energy storage railway power supply system, It is characterized by The power stations built to form the railway wind and solar power supply system are all incorporated into the national grid and operate synchronously with the national grid.

3. According to claim 1, a control method for incorporating a national grid-type wind-solar power generation complementary + energy storage railway power supply system, (1) Distributed wind power station control method, The tower supports the wind turbine and stands upright in the air, collecting the wind to rotate the wind wheel. The wind collecting device is a sail-type wind wheel installed above and below, which is composed of 4 sail-type wind plates. It converts the kinetic energy of the flowing air into mechanical energy for the rotation of the wind wheel. The speed limiter is a speed limiter safety device equipped on wind turbines, which keeps the wind turbine rotor speed basically unchanged within a certain wind speed range. When the wind speed exceeds the limit, the wind turbine will automatically shut down and stop rotating to ensure the safety of the wind turbine. The energy of a wind turbine comes from the rotation of the rotor on the tower, which drives the generator to generate electricity. All wind power stations use AC asynchronous generators. The generated current is converted to 29kV, 25kV, or 380V through inverters depending on the installed capacity of the generator. At the grid connection point, it is directly supplied to railway transportation, and the surplus is fed into the national grid. (2) Distributed photovoltaic solar power station control method, The crystalline silicon solar panel array collects sunlight energy and converts it into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. The DC power is input into the inverter through the photovoltaic cable and converted into AC power. Input AC power into the controller through the AC cable. The voltage is adjusted to the voltage required by the grid connection point by the booster station and then input into the railway substation for railway use. The surplus electricity used by the railway is fed into the energy storage power station. When the energy storage power station is full, it is fed into the national grid and sold to generate revenue. (3) Energy storage power station control method, Wind power stations and photovoltaic solar power stations generate electricity for railway use, and the surplus is automatically input into energy storage power stations and then into the railway power supply network and the national power grid for peak regulation.

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