Self-control lithium battery device for safe starting of vehicle engine and working method of self-control lithium battery device

Abstract

The invention provides a self-control lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine and a working method of the self-control lithium battery device, and relates to the technical field of safe starting of vehicles. The device comprises a lithium battery module and a management module which are electrically connected, the lithium battery module is connected to an engine starting motor through a control switch, and the management module is used for detecting fault parameters of the lithium battery module and controlling opening and closing of the control switch in a linkage mode; the lithium battery module comprises N lithium battery units, N is greater than or equal to 2, each lithium battery unit comprises a plurality of lithium batteries which are connected in series, the N lithium battery units are respectively connected in parallel to a starting circuit bus through different control switches, and the starting circuit bus is connected with an engine starting motor; the management module comprises a detection unit and a control processing unit. According to the invention, the problem that the existing lithium battery protection mechanism is based on an integral control architecture and has limitations in the aspects of performance and safety in practical application is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle safe starting, and in particular to an automatic control lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, lithium batteries have gradually replaced traditional lead-acid batteries and become the mainstream choice in vehicle engine starting systems due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and low safety risks. However, existing lithium battery management systems (BMS) generally adopt an integrated control architecture, that is, they perform integrated detection and control of the entire lithium battery module. Based on this, when a lithium battery module fails, the lithium battery management system will trigger a global power-off protection, causing the entire lithium battery module to stop working. For example, patent publication number CN118544975A provides a lithium battery intelligent delayed power-off control method, in which when the controller determines that the collected lithium battery information does not match the threshold, it will power off the lithium battery, thereby cutting off the power to the vehicle.

[0003] However, the above protection mechanism has limitations in practical application. Specifically: First, once a lithium battery module fails, even a local failure, it can only be protected by completely disconnecting the power supply, which in turn prevents the vehicle engine from starting normally. Therefore, the fault tolerance, flexibility, and reliability of the protection mechanism for engine starting power supply are low. Second, when the vehicle is in a low-temperature environment or in a frequent starting scenario, the lithium battery module is prone to transient overvoltage. In this case, the protection mechanism will directly disconnect the entire lithium battery module, which will suddenly interrupt the power supply to the vehicle engine, causing the engine to suddenly fail to start, which may cause a safety accident. Especially for emergency situations such as starting on steep slopes in mountainous areas and secondary starting on icy and snowy roads, the loss of the vehicle's starting ability in critical scenarios will pose a significant safety hazard.

[0004] In summary, the present invention provides an automatic control lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine and an operating method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic control lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine and its working method, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the above background technology that the existing lithium battery protection mechanism is based on an integrated control architecture and has performance and safety limitations in actual applications.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-controlled lithium battery device for safely starting a vehicle engine comprises an electrically connected lithium battery module and a management module, wherein the lithium battery module is connected to the engine starter motor via a control switch, and the management module is used to detect fault parameters of the lithium battery module and to control the opening and closing of the switch in a linked manner; the lithium battery module of the present invention comprises N lithium battery cells, N ≥ 2, each lithium battery cell comprising a plurality of lithium batteries connected in series, and the N lithium battery cells are respectively connected in parallel to a starting circuit bus via different control switches, and the starting circuit bus is connected to the engine starter motor; the management module comprises a detection unit and a control processing unit, wherein the detection unit is used to detect fault parameters of the lithium battery module, and the control processing unit is used to control the opening and closing of the switch in a linked manner according to the fault parameters detected by the detection unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection unit includes N independent voltage detection channels, and the N voltage detection channels are respectively connected to N lithium battery units.

[0009] Furthermore, the voltage detection channel includes a sampling resistor, and the sampling resistor is connected in parallel to the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery unit and / or the lithium battery.

[0010] Furthermore, the control switch adopts a normally closed relay, the normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series with the lithium battery unit, and the coil of the relay is connected to the signal output end of the control processing unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection unit also includes N temperature detection channels, and the N temperature detection channels correspond to N lithium battery cells respectively; the temperature detection channels include several temperature sensors, and the several temperature sensors are configured to respectively detect the temperature of each lithium battery in the lithium battery cell.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection unit further includes N current detection channels, and the N current detection channels are respectively connected to N lithium battery units; the current detection channels include current sensors.

[0013] Furthermore, the management module is communicatively connected to the vehicle system and / or the mobile terminal.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, it can be known that in the self-controlled lithium battery device provided by the present application, the original integrated lithium battery module is optimized into a parallel connection of multiple lithium battery cells. This method can keep the total capacity and total voltage of the lithium battery module (compared with the original integrated lithium battery module) unchanged, but can detect and control each lithium battery cell in the lithium battery module separately, that is, realize independent detection and differentiated control of lithium battery cells, thereby specifically detecting one or several lithium battery cells with faults and isolating the faults, so that other lithium battery cells that have not failed can continue to work, and then can maintain power supply to the vehicle engine starting motor for a certain period of time, so that the vehicle engine can still start normally.

[0015] The management module includes a multi-channel detection unit and an independent master control processing unit. Multiple control switches can be linked to control each lithium battery cell individually, forming a centralized multi-channel control architecture that combines multi-channel parallel processing with centralized control. In addition to the voltage detection channel, the detection unit can also include temperature and current detection channels, enabling multi-parameter detection, effectively improving control and management effectiveness. Specifically, the temperature detection channel can promptly detect one or more lithium battery cells with abnormal temperatures, enabling early intervention for thermal runaway. The current detection channel can detect one or more lithium battery cells with damaged capacity or short circuits, enabling fault location and isolation. The control switches utilize normally closed relays rather than traditional MOS transistors, offering advantages such as high isolation reliability, shock resistance, strong electromagnetic interference immunity, and easy maintenance. The management module can communicate with the vehicle's onboard system and mobile terminals, enabling fault information to be transmitted to the driver via the onboard system display or mobile terminal, allowing the driver to understand the fault status of the lithium battery module in real time and formulate a timely response plan accordingly.

[0016] A method for operating a self-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine, using the self-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine as described above, comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: Real-time parameter detection; the detection unit synchronously collects fault parameters of N lithium battery cells and transmits the collected fault parameters to the control processing unit;

[0018] Step S2: Identify the faulty battery; after receiving the fault parameters, the control processing unit makes a judgment based on a preset threshold value and identifies the lithium battery cell whose fault parameters exceed the preset threshold value;

[0019] Step S3: Isolate the faulty battery; the control processing unit controls the switches in conjunction with each other, so that only the lithium battery unit whose fault parameter exceeds the preset threshold stops working, while the other lithium battery units continue to work.

[0020] Furthermore, the method further includes step S4: performing a safety warning; the control processing unit sends relevant information of the faulty battery to the vehicle system and / or the mobile terminal, the relevant information including the number and location of the faulty battery.

[0021] Furthermore, the method further includes step S0: performing a functional self-test; before supplying power to the engine starter motor, the control processing unit first verifies whether the control switch is working normally.

[0022] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0023] Provided are an automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine and an operating method thereof. A centralized multi-channel control architecture is formed by providing a lithium battery module comprising N lithium battery cells and a management module for separately detecting and controlling the N lithium battery cells. Furthermore, by executing steps S1 to S3, faulty lithium battery cells in the lithium battery module can be detected and individually isolated. Therefore, compared to existing lithium battery management methods employing an integrated control architecture, the present application is able to achieve differentiated control, namely, only processing faulty lithium battery cells while allowing other healthy lithium battery cells to continue operating. This allows the vehicle engine starter motor to maintain power for a certain period of time, allowing the vehicle engine to start normally, thereby providing greater safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the automatic-controlled lithium battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the automatic-controlled lithium battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a self-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine. Figure 1, including an electrically connected lithium battery module and a management module, wherein the lithium battery module includes N lithium battery cells, N ≥ 2, each lithium battery cell includes a number of lithium batteries connected in series, and the N lithium battery cells are connected in parallel to the starting circuit bus through different control switches, and the starting circuit bus is connected to the engine starter motor; the management module includes a detection unit and a control processing unit, the detection unit is used to detect the fault parameters of the lithium battery module, and the control processing unit is used to link the opening and closing of the control switch according to the fault parameters detected by the detection unit. Specifically:

[0029] The detection unit includes N independent voltage detection channels, N independent temperature detection channels, and N independent current detection channels, wherein: the N voltage detection channels are respectively connected to N lithium battery cells, the voltage detection channels include sampling resistors and analog-to-digital converters, the sampling resistors are connected in parallel to the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery cells and / or lithium batteries, the analog-to-digital converter samples the voltage across the sampling resistors and sends the sampled data to the control processing unit. The N temperature detection channels correspond to the N lithium battery cells, the temperature detection channels include several temperature sensors, and the several temperature sensors are configured to respectively detect the temperature of each lithium battery in the lithium battery cells. The N current detection channels are respectively connected to the N lithium battery cells, and the current detection channels include current sensors.

[0030] The control switch uses a normally closed relay, the normally closed contacts of which are connected in series with the lithium battery unit, and the coil of which is connected to the signal output terminal of the control processing unit. The management module is connected to the vehicle's onboard system and the mobile terminal.

[0031] This embodiment provides a specific example, please refer to Figure 2 :

[0032] If N is set to 4, the lithium battery module includes 4 lithium battery cells, and the detection unit includes 4 voltage detection channels, 4 temperature detection channels, and 4 current detection channels. In addition, each lithium battery cell includes 2 lithium batteries connected in series, so there are a total of 8 lithium batteries, namely lithium battery IB1, lithium battery IIB2, lithium battery IIIB3, lithium battery IVB4, lithium battery VB5, lithium battery VIB6, lithium battery VIIB7, and lithium battery VIIIB8. Based on the above structure, the voltage specification of each lithium battery is V 总 / 2. Capacity specification is C 总 / 4, the voltage specification of each lithium battery unit is V 总 , capacity specification is C 总 / 4, the voltage specification of the lithium battery module is V 总 , capacity specification is C 总For example, if the voltage of the required lithium battery module is 48V and the capacity is 100Ah, then the voltage of each lithium battery unit is 48V and the capacity is 25Ah, and the voltage of each lithium battery is 24V and the capacity is 25Ah.

[0033] The four lithium battery cells are connected in parallel to the starting circuit bus through four control switches. Specifically: the four control switches are relay I, relay II, relay III, and relay IV. The normally closed contact K1 of relay I, the normally closed contact K2 of relay II, the normally closed contact K3 of relay III, and the normally closed contact K4 of relay IV are respectively connected in series with the four lithium battery cells; the coil KA1 of relay I, the coil KA2 of relay II, the coil KA3 of relay III, and the coil KA4 of relay IV are respectively connected to the corresponding signal output pins of the MCU serving as the control processing unit. Taking the coil KA1 of relay I as an example, it is connected to the MCU through a driving resistor IR5, and a freewheeling diode ID1 is connected in parallel at both ends to suppress the reverse electromotive force.

[0034] The four voltage detection channels are connected to four lithium battery cells respectively. Specifically, each voltage detection channel includes a sampling resistor and an analog-to-digital converter. The positive and negative poles of the four lithium battery cells are respectively connected in parallel with sampling resistors I R1, II R2, III R3, and IV R4. Taking sampling resistor I R1 as an example, analog-to-digital converter I AD1 is connected to both ends of the sampling resistor I R1 through protection resistor I R17. Analog-to-digital converter I AD1 is also connected to the signal input pin of the MCU.

[0035] The four current detection channels are connected to four lithium battery cells respectively. Specifically, each current detection channel includes a Hall sensor. The four Hall sensors, namely Hall sensor IH1, Hall sensor IIH2, Hall sensor IIIH3, and Hall sensor IVH4, are respectively connected in series with the four lithium battery cells and connected to the corresponding signal input pins of the MCU through analog-to-digital converters.

[0036] The four temperature detection channels correspond to four lithium battery cells respectively. Specifically: each temperature detection channel includes two temperature sensors, and the two temperature sensors are respectively attached to the surface of two lithium batteries; the temperature sensor specifically adopts a thermistor. Taking thermistor IRT1 as an example, it is connected in series between the pull-up resistor IR9 and the ground terminal to form a voltage divider circuit. The voltage divider circuit is connected to the corresponding signal input pin of the MCU through an analog-to-digital converter. In addition, the voltage divider circuit is also connected to the filter capacitor IRC1.

[0037] A second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for operating an automatic-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine, which uses the automatic-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine, including the following steps:

[0038] Step S0: Perform functional self-test;

[0039] Before supplying power to the engine starter motor, the control processing unit verifies that the control switch is functioning properly. Specifically, the MCU outputs a low level to the coils of each of the four relays to verify that all contacts are open. It then outputs a high level to verify that all contacts are closed. If verification fails, the MCU can be configured to automatically issue an alarm.

[0040] Step S1: Real-time detection of parameters;

[0041] The detection unit synchronously collects fault parameters of N lithium battery cells and transmits the collected fault parameters to the control processing unit. Specifically, the fault parameters include voltage data, current data, and temperature data, which are collected by the voltage detection channel, current detection channel, and temperature detection channel respectively.

[0042] Step S2: Identify the faulty battery;

[0043] After receiving the fault parameters, the control processing unit makes a judgment based on a preset threshold value and identifies the lithium battery cell whose fault parameters exceed the preset threshold value.

[0044] Step S3: Isolate the faulty battery;

[0045] The control processing unit controls the switches in conjunction with each other, so that only the lithium battery cells whose fault parameters exceed the preset threshold value stop working, while the other lithium battery cells continue to work.

[0046] Step S4: Perform a safety warning;

[0047] The control processing unit sends relevant information about the faulty batteries to the vehicle's onboard system and the mobile terminal, including the number and location of the faulty batteries.

[0048] Based on the above-mentioned device structure and method steps, this embodiment can realize the detection and individual isolation of faulty lithium battery cells in the lithium battery module, that is, realize differentiated control, thereby having higher safety and reliability.

[0049] It should be noted that the parts not described in detail or expanded in the above scheme are all prior art, which do not belong to the improvements made by the present invention over the prior art, nor do they belong to the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention, so they will not be described in detail herein. Of course, the above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and equal changes and improvements made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should all fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine, comprising an electrically connected lithium battery module and a management module, wherein the lithium battery module is connected to the engine starter motor via a control switch, and the management module is used to detect fault parameters of the lithium battery module and control the opening and closing of the switch in a coordinated manner, characterized in that: The lithium battery module includes N lithium battery cells, N≥2, each lithium battery cell includes several lithium batteries connected in series, and the N lithium battery cells are connected in parallel to the starting circuit bus through different control switches, and the starting circuit bus is connected to the engine starting motor; the management module includes a detection unit and a control processing unit, the detection unit is used to detect the fault parameters of the lithium battery module, and the control processing unit is used to control the opening and closing of the switch in conjunction with the fault parameters detected by the detection unit.

2. The automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit includes N independent voltage detection channels, and the N voltage detection channels are respectively connected to N lithium battery units.

3. The automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage detection channel includes a sampling resistor, and the sampling resistor is connected in parallel to the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery unit and / or the lithium battery.

4. The automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control switch adopts a normally closed relay, the normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series with the lithium battery unit, and the coil of the relay is connected to the signal output end of the control processing unit.

5. The automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection unit further includes N temperature detection channels, which correspond to N lithium battery cells respectively; the temperature detection channels include several temperature sensors, which are configured to respectively detect the temperature of each lithium battery in the lithium battery cell.

6. The automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection unit further includes N current detection channels, and the N current detection channels are respectively connected to N lithium battery units; the current detection channels include current sensors.

7. The automatic lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The management module is in communication with the vehicle system and / or the mobile terminal.

8. A method for operating a self-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine, using the self-controlled lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Real-time parameter detection; the detection unit synchronously collects fault parameters of N lithium battery cells and transmits the collected fault parameters to the control processing unit; Step S2: Identify the faulty battery; after receiving the fault parameters, the control processing unit makes a judgment based on a preset threshold value and identifies the lithium battery cell whose fault parameters exceed the preset threshold value; Step S3: Isolate the faulty battery; the control processing unit controls the switches in conjunction with each other, so that only the lithium battery unit whose fault parameter exceeds the preset threshold stops working, while the other lithium battery units continue to work.

9. The operating method of the automatic control lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: Step S4: Perform a safety warning; The control processing unit sends relevant information about the faulty batteries to the vehicle system and / or the mobile terminal, where the relevant information includes the number and location of the faulty batteries.

10. The operating method of the automatic control lithium battery device for safe starting of a vehicle engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: Step S0: Perform a functional self-test; before supplying power to the engine starter motor, the control processing unit first verifies whether the control switch is working properly.

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