Novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electro-magnetic flux switching motor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electro-magnetic flux switching motor, and provides a novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electro-magnetic flux switching motor, which comprises a rotor, a stator and a rotating shaft, and is characterized in that a plurality of groups of stator poles are arranged on the inner side surface of a stator yoke in the stator at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the polar distances of the stator poles in the stator are non-uniformly distributed, the polar distances of the rotor poles are uniformly distributed, each group of stator poles comprises right inclined stator poles and left inclined stator poles, and excitation grooves are formed in the inner sides of the right inclined stator poles and the left inclined stator poles. By changing the stator inter-pole distance of the motor, the purpose of optimizing the phase winding no-load flux linkage and the counter electromotive force harmonic content is achieved, the harmonic content in the flux linkage synthesized by two adjacent virtual winding coils is effectively reduced or eliminated, the sine degree of the phase winding no-load flux linkage and the counter electromotive force is guaranteed, and therefore the purpose of reducing output torque pulsation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electrically excited flux switching motor. Background Art

[0002] The torque output of a motor fluctuates periodically during operation. This fluctuation can be caused by a variety of factors, such as motor design, control strategy, and power quality. Torque ripple can cause vibration and noise, affecting the performance and service life of the motor.

[0003] In the prior art, there are conventional methods for suppressing motor torque pulsation, such as the 24 / 16-pole F2A6-SWFFS (24 / 16-pole stator electromagnetic flux switching motor) motor based on a rotor skew slot motor. As the rotor slot angle increases, the THD of the phase winding no-load back EMF decreases rapidly, reaching a minimum value at around 11.25 degrees. The even harmonics of the phase winding no-load back EMF are completely eliminated, and the main odd harmonics are also significantly reduced. However, it is inevitable that this method also causes a significant drop in the average output torque of the motor; another method is a parallel axial segmented complementary 24 / 16-pole USP-F2A6-SWFFS motor, and then by changing the relative positions between the stators and rotors and the power polarity of the corresponding excitation windings and armature windings, the stator and rotor magnetic circuits corresponding to different coils of the same phase armature winding in the motor at the same time differ by 180° electrical angle. Compared with the conventional topology, the motor under this structure has two additional sets of winding ends. Under the same torque output requirements, the volume, weight and loss of the motor will increase, which will lead to a decrease in the output torque density and working efficiency of the motor.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a new self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electromagnetic flux switching motor. By adopting an asymmetric stator pole structure, the output torque pulsation of the 24 / 16-pole F2A6-SWFFS motor is reduced while the output electromagnetic torque capacity is improved without changing the motor volume, weight and losses.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electrically excited flux switching motor is provided, comprising a rotor, a stator and a rotating shaft, wherein a plurality of groups of stator poles are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the inner surface of the stator yoke in the stator, the stator having an unevenly distributed stator pole pitch, and a uniformly distributed rotor pole pitch, each group of stator poles comprising a right-skewed stator pole and a left-skewed stator pole, an excitation slot being provided on the inner side of the right-skewed stator pole and the left-skewed stator pole, an armature slot being provided between the right-skewed stator pole and the adjacent left-skewed stator pole, the stator further comprising a plurality of groups of armature windings and a plurality of groups of excitation windings, a group of the excitation windings being simultaneously wound around the outer sides of a group of the right-skewed stator pole and the left-skewed stator pole through the excitation slots, the armature winding being simultaneously crossed over a plurality of groups of stator poles through the armature slots, and being wound around the inner sides of the right-skewed stator pole and the left-skewed stator pole.

[0008] As an optimal solution for a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electric excitation flux switching motor, the stator poles are 12 groups, the number of armature windings and excitation windings are both 12, and the armature windings simultaneously span three adjacent right-slanted stator poles and three left-slanted stator poles.

[0009] As an optimal solution for a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electric excitation flux switching motor, the arc width of the excitation slot is 4.5 degrees, the stator pole pitch on both sides of the excitation slot is 11.1 degrees, and the stator pole pitch on both sides of the armature slot is 18.9 degrees.

[0010] As an optimal solution for a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electromagnetic flux switching motor, the armature windings along the circumferential direction are A1 phase armature winding, B1 phase armature winding, C1 phase armature winding, A2 phase armature winding, B2 phase armature winding, C2 phase armature winding, A3 phase armature winding, B3 phase armature winding, C3 phase armature winding, A4 phase armature winding, B4 phase armature winding and C4 phase armature winding.

[0011] As an optimal solution for a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electromagnetic flux switching motor, the A1-phase armature winding, the A2-phase armature winding, the A3-phase armature winding and the A4-phase armature winding form a channel; the B1-phase armature winding, the B2-phase armature winding, the B3-phase armature winding and the B4-phase armature winding form a channel; the C1-phase armature winding, the C2-phase armature winding, the C3-phase armature winding and the C4-phase armature winding form a channel.

[0012] As a preferred solution for a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electric excitation flux switching motor, the armature winding is located on a side close to the stator yoke.

[0013] As a preferred solution for a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electric excitation flux switching motor, the excitation winding is located on the side close to the rotor.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by controlling the change in the stator inter-pole distance and affecting the relative position between the stator and rotor poles, the motor excitation magnetic circuit is changed, and the amplitude and phase of each harmonic component in the no-load flux of each virtual winding coil are correspondingly affected. By changing the stator inter-pole distance of the motor, the purpose of optimizing the no-load flux and back-electromotive force harmonic content of the phase winding is achieved, and the harmonic content (mainly even harmonics) in the composite flux of two adjacent virtual winding coils is effectively reduced or eliminated, ensuring the sinusoidality of the no-load flux and back-electromotive force of the phase winding, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing output torque ripple. Without changing the volume, weight, or loss of the motor, the motor output torque ripple is reduced while the output electromagnetic torque capacity is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the virtual winding topology.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a new self-complementary 24 / 16-pole stator electromagnetic excitation flux switching motor topology based on asymmetric stator poles.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the virtual winding wire frame of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a wireframe schematic diagram of the novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electric excitation flux switching motor of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. Rotor; 2. Stator; 201. Left-skewed stator pole; 202. Right-skewed stator pole; 203. Stator yoke; 3. Field winding; 4. Virtual winding; 5. Armature winding; 6. Field slot; 7. Armature slot; 9. Rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0024] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0025] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate an orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate a connection relationship between components, such term should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components or an interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole electric excitation flux switching motor, comprising a rotor 1, a stator 2, and a rotating shaft 9. The inner surface of the stator yoke 203 in the stator 2 has multiple groups of stator poles arranged circumferentially and at equal distances. The stator pole pitches in the stator 2 are unevenly distributed, while the rotor pole pitches are evenly distributed. Each group of stator poles includes a right-skewed stator pole 201 and a left-skewed stator pole 202. The inner sides of the right-skewed stator pole 201 and the left-skewed stator pole 202 are provided with a plurality of stator poles. There is an excitation slot 6, and an armature slot 7 is opened between the right skewed stator pole 201 and the adjacent left skewed stator pole 202. The stator 2 also includes multiple groups of armature windings 5 and multiple groups of excitation windings 3. One group of excitation windings 3 is simultaneously wound around the outside of a group of right skewed stator poles 201 and the left skewed stator pole 202 through the excitation slot 6. The armature winding 5 simultaneously crosses multiple groups of stator poles through the armature slot 7 and is wound around the inside of the right skewed stator pole 201 and the left skewed stator pole 202.

[0028] There are 12 groups of stator poles, and the number of groups of the armature winding 5 and the excitation winding 3 are both 12. The armature winding 5 spans three adjacent right-slanted stator poles 201 and three left-slanted stator poles 202 at the same time.

[0029] The arc width of the excitation slot 6 is 4.5 degrees, the stator pole pitch on both sides of the excitation slot 6 is 11.1 degrees, and the stator pole pitch on both sides of the armature slot 7 is 18.9 degrees.

[0030] The armature windings along the circumferential direction are A1 phase armature winding 5, B1 phase armature winding 5, C1 phase armature winding 5, A2 phase armature winding 5, B2 phase armature winding 5, C2 phase armature winding 5, A3 phase armature winding 5, B3 phase armature winding 5, C3 phase armature winding 5, A4 phase armature winding 5, B4 phase armature winding 5 and C4 phase armature winding 5.

[0031] The A1-phase armature winding 5, the A2-phase armature winding 5, the A3-phase armature winding 5 and the A4-phase armature winding 5 form a channel; the B1-phase armature winding 5, the B2-phase armature winding 5, the B3-phase armature winding 5 and the B4-phase armature winding 5 form a channel; the C1-phase armature winding 5, the C2-phase armature winding 5, the C3-phase armature winding 5 and the C4-phase armature winding 5 form a channel.

[0032] The armature winding 5 is located on a side close to the stator yoke 203 .

[0033] The excitation winding 3 is located on a side close to the rotor 1 .

[0034] according to Figure 1 The connection method of the virtual winding in the traditional 24 / 16-pole F2A6-SWFFS motor is that the flux linkage of the armature winding 5 coil turns can be expressed as the sum of the flux linkage of its corresponding virtual winding 4 coil turns. That is, the flux linkage ψA1 of the armature winding 5 coil A1 turn can be expressed as:

[0035]

[0036] Although there are phase differences between the composite fluxes ψS1S2, ψS3S4, and ψS5S6 of adjacent winding coils, their harmonic content is identical. These harmonics, when superimposed, form the harmonic content of ψA1, which in turn affects the harmonic content of the phase winding's no-load flux. Therefore, by effectively reducing or eliminating the harmonic content (primarily even harmonics) in the composite flux of two adjacent virtual windings (4 coils), the sinusoidality of the phase winding's no-load flux and back EMF can be maintained, thereby reducing output torque ripple.

[0037] Taking ψS1S2 as an example, the harmonic content of ψS1S2 is mainly determined by the harmonic components in the flux linkages ψS1 and ψS2 of the virtual winding coils S1 and S2. Therefore, as long as the main harmonic complementary characteristics between the virtual winding coils S1 and S2 are ensured, the goals of improving the no-load flux waveform of the phase winding and reducing the output torque ripple can be achieved.

[0038] Since changes in the stator interpole distance directly affect the relative position of the stator and rotor poles, this alters the excitation magnetic circuit of the SWFFS motor and directly affects the amplitude and phase of the harmonic components in the no-load flux of each virtual winding coil. Therefore, by changing the stator interpole distance of the 24 / 16-pole F2A6-SWFFS motor, the no-load flux and back-EMF harmonic content of the phase winding can be optimized.

[0039] Since it is difficult to directly quantify the amplitude of the harmonic content of the no-load flux linkage of each virtual winding coil at different stator pole pitches in the 24 / 16-pole F2A6-SWFFS motor, the harmonic evaluation factor |Mek| of the no-load back EMF of a single armature winding coil is introduced. Its expression can be expressed as:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, θsf is the slot arc width of the excitation slot 6, θst represents the stator pole top arc width, and θrt represents the rotor tooth top arc width.

[0042] Based on these harmonic evaluation factors, the changing trends of the amplitudes of the various harmonic components in the no-load back EMF of a single armature winding 5 coil at different stator pole pitches can be quickly and accurately determined. Based on these changing trends, the optimal stator pole pitch interval with a relatively large fundamental amplitude and relatively small primary harmonic amplitudes can be determined. This ensures that the armature winding 5 itself exhibits quasi-complementary characteristics, thereby reducing the harmonic content in the no-load back EMF of the phase winding and the torque ripple of the output torque.

[0043] The present invention provides a novel self-complementary 24 / 16-pole stator electromagnetic excitation flux switching motor based on asymmetric stator poles. Calculations show that when the excitation slot arc width is 4.5 degrees, the fundamental evaluation factor of the no-load back EMF of the armature winding 5 coil approaches its maximum value, while all its even harmonic evaluation factors (2nd, 4th, 8th, and 10th) approach their minimum values. Therefore, to effectively eliminate the even harmonic components in the no-load flux linkage and back EMF of the phase armature winding 5, the optimal excitation slot 6 slot arc width should be designed to be 4.5 degrees. At this point, the stator pole pitch on both sides of the excitation slot 6 should be 11.1 degrees, while the stator pole pitch on both sides of the armature slot 7 should be 18.9 degrees. Calculations show that the use of an asymmetric stator pole structure can significantly reduce the THD value of the no-load back EMF and output torque ripple, while also improving average output torque.

[0044] The present invention controls the change in the stator interpole distance and affects the relative position of the stator and rotor poles, causing the motor excitation magnetic circuit to change and correspondingly affecting the amplitude and phase of each harmonic component in the no-load flux of each virtual winding four coil. By changing the stator interpole distance of the motor, the purpose of optimizing the no-load flux and back-electromotive force harmonic content of the phase winding is achieved, effectively reducing or eliminating the harmonic content (mainly even harmonics) in the composite flux of two adjacent virtual winding four coils, ensuring the sinusoidality of the no-load flux and back-electromotive force of the phase winding, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing output torque ripple. Without changing the size, weight, or loss of the motor, the motor output torque ripple is reduced while improving the output electromagnetic torque capacity.

[0045] It should be noted that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations may be made to the present invention. However, as long as these modifications do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, certain terms used in the specification and claims of this application are not intended to be limiting and are provided solely for ease of description.

Claims

1. A new self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor, characterized by: The invention comprises a rotor (1), a stator (2) and a rotating shaft (9), wherein a plurality of groups of stator poles are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly on the inner side surface of a stator yoke (203) in the stator (2), the stator pole pitches in the stator (2) are unevenly distributed, and the rotor pole pitches are evenly distributed, and each group of stator poles comprises a right-slanted stator pole (201) and a left-slanted stator pole (202), and an excitation slot (6) is provided on the inner side of the right-slanted stator pole (201) and the left-slanted stator pole (202), and the right-slanted stator pole (201) and the left-slanted stator pole (202) are parallel to each other. An armature slot (7) is provided between adjacent left-slanted stator poles (202). The stator (2) further comprises a plurality of armature windings (5) and a plurality of excitation windings (3). One set of excitation windings (3) is wound around the outside of a set of right-slanted stator poles (201) and a left-slanted stator pole (202) through the excitation slots (6). The armature winding (5) passes through the armature slots (7) and spans the plurality of stator poles at the same time, and is wound around the inside of the right-slanted stator pole (201) and the left-slanted stator pole (202).

2. A novel self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electrically excited flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator poles are in 12 groups, the armature windings (5) and the excitation windings (3) are both in 12 groups, and the armature windings (5) simultaneously span three adjacent right-slanted stator poles (201) and three left-slanted stator poles (202).

3. The novel self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc width of the excitation slot (6) is 4.5 degrees, the stator pole pitch on both sides of the excitation slot (6) is 11.1 degrees, and the stator pole pitch on both sides of the armature slot (7) is 18.9 degrees.

4. The novel self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The armature windings along the circumferential direction are, in order, the A1-phase armature winding (5), the B1-phase armature winding (5), the C1-phase armature winding (5), the A2-phase armature winding (5), the B2-phase armature winding (5), the C2-phase armature winding (5), the A3-phase armature winding (5), the B3-phase armature winding (5), the C3-phase armature winding (5), the A4-phase armature winding (5), the B4-phase armature winding (5) and the C4-phase armature winding (5).

5. The novel self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The A1-phase armature winding (5), the A2-phase armature winding (5), the A3-phase armature winding (5), and the A4-phase armature winding (5) form a channel; The B1-phase armature winding (5), the B2-phase armature winding (5), the B3-phase armature winding (5), and the B4-phase armature winding (5) form a channel; the C1-phase armature winding (5), the C2-phase armature winding (5), the C3-phase armature winding (5), and the C4-phase armature winding (5) form a channel.

6. The novel self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The armature winding (5) is located on a side close to the stator yoke (203).

7. The novel self-complementary 24 / 16 pole electric excitation flux switching motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The excitation winding (3) is located on a side close to the rotor (1).

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