Rescue emergency box for thermal runaway of lithium battery on civil aircraft

Abstract

The rescue emergency box comprises an emergency box body capable of being stored and folded, the emergency box body is provided with a box cover for covering and sealing a box opening in a turnover mode, the front end of the box cover is provided with a forward adhesive sealing part in a turnover mode, and the two sides of the forward adhesive sealing part of the box cover are provided with lateral adhesive sealing parts in a turnover mode respectively. A forward bonding matching part is arranged on the forward surface of the emergency box body, and lateral bonding matching parts are arranged on the two sides of the emergency box body respectively; a smoke filtering and pressure releasing assembly is mounted on the emergency box body; the emergency box body and the box cover are respectively composed of an inner radiation layer, an ablation-resistant layer, a heat insulation layer, an ablation-resistant layer and an outer protection layer from inside to outside in sequence. The rescue emergency box is designed for coping with the thermal runaway or fire outbreak condition of the lithium battery in the civil aircraft, once the thermal runaway or fire outbreak condition of the lithium battery occurs, the harmful lithium battery is directly placed in the emergency box body, and the harmful lithium battery is prevented from hurting surrounding people and objects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of emergency protection for civil aviation lithium battery transportation, and in particular to a rescue emergency box for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aviation aircraft. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries, with their high energy density and compact size, are widely used in electronics and electric vehicles. They are also transported in both civil aviation passenger and cargo (especially dangerous goods air cargo), such as power banks and mobile phone batteries. With technological advancements, the demand for lithium batteries has increased. To ensure proper and reasonable transportation, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA) are continuously updating their regulations on lithium battery air transport annually. These regulations primarily focus on strict restrictions on rated energy, weight, number of pieces, packaging, and storage. The proportion of lithium batteries in dangerous goods air cargo has also been increasing year by year, gradually becoming the mainstay of civil aviation dangerous goods transportation. In 2021 alone, their throughput reached 887,600 tons, accounting for 85.39% of the total dangerous goods throughput.

[0003] Lithium batteries contain active lithium, which can easily cause unsafe events such as smoke, combustion, or even explosion when overheated, overcharged, or impacted. According to statistics from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)'s Office of Hazardous Materials Safety, 414 incidents involving lithium batteries and equipment containing them occurred from 2006 to 2022, 100 of which involved freight transportation. Current procedures for handling lithium battery thermal runaway during air cargo transportation primarily include real-time monitoring and early warning, physical isolation, cooling, firefighting measures, and emergency response. During civil aviation passenger transport, monitoring of lithium battery hazards in the cabin is primarily based on visual observation by the crew. If a lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, a fire shield is often used to isolate the fire from the cargo, effectively preventing the spread of the fire. The lithium battery in thermal runaway or on fire inside the fire shield is then cooled, oxygen is cut off, and the fire is extinguished. Fire shields are primarily designed for stacked cargo, but for smaller lithium batteries, there are significant inconveniences in cooling the battery, extinguishing the fire, and storing and transporting it after the fire is extinguished. The risk of lithium battery thermal runaway remains an important research area for civil aviation safety, especially within the inherent space of an aircraft. Thermal runaway or fire in a lithium battery can produce toxic gases such as sulfide gases, which can harm passengers and crew members within the space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems pointed out in the background technology and provide a rescue emergency box for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft. Once the lithium battery suffers thermal runaway or fire, the dangerous lithium battery is directly placed inside the emergency box to prevent the dangerous lithium battery from causing damage to surrounding people, objects, and onboard facilities and equipment.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A rescue emergency box for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft, comprising a foldable emergency box body, the emergency box body having an inner cavity and a box opening, a folded side of the emergency box body near the box opening to provide a box cover covering and closing the box opening, a folded front end of the box cover to provide a forward bonding seal, and folded side bonding seals on both sides of the forward bonding seal of the box cover, a forward bonding mating portion for cooperating with the forward bonding seal on the front surface of the emergency box body, and side bonding mating portions for cooperating with the side bonding seal on both sides of the emergency box body; a smoke filter pressure relief assembly is installed on the emergency box body; the emergency box body and the box cover are composed of an inner radiation layer, an ablation-resistant layer, a heat insulation layer, an ablation-resistant layer and an outer protective layer from the inside to the outside.

[0006] In order to better implement the present invention, a liquid inlet and a detachable liquid inlet cover for closing the liquid inlet are provided on the side of the emergency box, and the end of the liquid inlet cover has a liquid inlet opening end.

[0007] Preferably, a forward nylon velvet tape is provided on the forward bonding fitting portion of the emergency box body, and a forward nylon hook tape is provided on the forward bonding sealing portion of the box cover for bonding with the forward nylon velvet tape; a side nylon velvet tape is provided on the side bonding fitting portion of the emergency box body, and a side nylon hook tape is provided on the side bonding sealing portion of the box cover for bonding with the side nylon velvet tape.

[0008] Preferably, the inner radiation layer is made of an aluminum foil composite material with a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm.

[0009] Preferably, each ablation-resistant layer has a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.52 mm, and is made of one or more materials selected from phenolic resin-based composite materials, ceramic silicone rubber, silicon carbide fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, and polyimide.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the heat insulation layer is made of one or more materials of foamed silica gel, foamed phenolic, and glass wool.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the outer protective layer is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and the outer protective layer is made of one or more materials of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric, aramid fiber fabric, high-strength nylon fabric, and polyurethane coated fabric.

[0012] Preferably, the emergency box body is provided with a filter cigarette pressure relief installation hole connected to the inner cavity of the box, and the filter cigarette pressure relief assembly is installed in the filter cigarette pressure relief installation hole of the emergency box body; the filter cigarette pressure relief assembly includes an inner layer plastic bag and an outer layer plastic bag which are overlapped with each other, the inner layer plastic bag is filled with a toxic substance absorption filler for absorbing sulfides and nitrides, and the outer layer plastic bag is filled with activated carbon for absorbing smoke particles; the inner layer plastic bag has a mesh inner layer filter hole, and the outer layer plastic bag has a mesh outer layer pressure relief hole.

[0013] Preferably, the emergency box body is provided with handles on two opposite sides respectively; and a one-way check valve is provided at the liquid inlet.

[0014] Preferably, a fire blanket, a foldable liquid injection funnel and protective gloves are stored in the inner cavity of the emergency box.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) The present invention is a rescue emergency box designed to deal with thermal runaway or fire of lithium batteries in civil aircraft. Once thermal runaway or fire occurs in a lithium battery, the hazardous lithium battery is directly placed inside the emergency box to prevent the hazardous lithium battery from causing damage to surrounding people and objects.

[0016] (2) The present invention can cool down and extinguish the hazardous lithium battery by opening the liquid inlet cover and injecting non-alcoholic liquid into the interior, and can realize rapid emergency disposal of the hazardous lithium battery. The toxic gas and smoke particulate matter generated by the hazardous lithium battery during the disposal process are filtered and discharged through the filter smoke pressure relief component, and the gas pressure generated by the hazardous lithium battery during the disposal process is also released, thereby effectively protecting the emergency box.

[0017] (3) When the present invention is not used for cooling and fire extinguishing, fire extinguishing equipment is stored inside, and the cooling and fire extinguishing operation is convenient. After the emergency treatment is completed, it is also easy to move to a safer location for further follow-up treatment after the aircraft lands.

[0018] (4) The present invention is applicable to various electronic products such as notebooks, mobile phones, and iPads, and can also be used for emergency cooling and fire extinguishing of other large-volume hazardous fire sources, thereby improving the emergency rescue capabilities of aircraft operations in thermal runaway and fire source cooling and fire extinguishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the emergency box of the present invention after the box cover is opened; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the five-layer composite structure of the emergency box body and the box cover in the embodiment; Figure 3This is a structural diagram of the installation of a smoke filter pressure relief assembly on the emergency box in the embodiment; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fire blanket, protective gloves, and foldable liquid injection funnel in the embodiment.

[0020] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are: 1 - Emergency box, 11 - Handle, 12 - Box opening, 2 - Box cover, 21 - Forward nylon hook strap, 22 - Side nylon hook strap, 3 - Forward nylon velvet strap, 4 - Side nylon velvet strap, 5 - Liquid inlet cover, 51 - Liquid inlet opening, 6 - Smoke filter pressure relief assembly, 61 - Inner plastic bag, 611 - Inner filter hole, 62 - Toxic substance absorbent filler, 63 - Outer plastic bag, 631 - Outer pressure relief hole, 64 - Activated carbon, 7 - Fire blanket, 8 - Protective gloves, 9 - Folding liquid filling funnel, 101 - Inner radiation layer, 102 - Ablation-resistant layer, 103 - Thermal insulation layer, 104 - Outer protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail: Example

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a rescue emergency box for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft includes a foldable emergency box body 1 (the emergency box body 1 can be unfolded as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The emergency box 1 can be folded and stored when not in use). The emergency box 1 has an inner cavity and a box opening 12. The side of the emergency box 1 near the box opening 12 is folded to provide a box cover 2 covering and closing the box opening 12. The front end of the box cover 2 is folded to provide a positive adhesive sealing portion. The positive adhesive sealing portion of the box cover 2 is folded on both sides to provide side adhesive sealing portions. The front surface of the emergency box 1 is provided with a positive adhesive mating portion that cooperates with the positive adhesive sealing portion (the positive adhesive sealing portion and the positive adhesive mating portion are correspondingly bonded to form a box structure when the emergency box 1 is opened for use); as shown in the usage state shown; the emergency box 1 can be folded and stored when not in use. Figure 1 As shown, the forward adhesive fitting portion is located on the front of the emergency box 1 and near the top of the box opening 12; the forward adhesive sealing portion of the box cover 2 is the front edge that contacts the forward adhesive fitting portion after being folded and closed), and the two sides of the emergency box 1 are respectively provided with side adhesive fitting portions that cooperate with the side adhesive sealing portions (the side adhesive sealing portions and the side adhesive fitting portions are correspondingly cooperated and bonded to form a box structure when the emergency box 1 is opened for use); as shown Figure 1As shown, the lateral adhesive fitting parts are located on both sides of the front of the top of the emergency box 1, and the lateral adhesive sealing parts are parts extending from both sides of the forward adhesive sealing part. In some embodiments, a forward nylon velvet tape 3 is provided on the forward adhesive fitting part of the emergency box 1, and a forward nylon hook tape 21 is provided on the forward adhesive sealing part of the box cover 2 to be bonded with the forward nylon velvet tape 3 (the forward adhesive fitting part and the forward adhesive sealing part adopt a hook and velvet tape Velcro structure, which is convenient for rapid tearing, opening and closing, and bonding operations). The lateral adhesive fitting parts of the emergency box 1 are provided with lateral nylon velvet tape 4, and the lateral adhesive sealing part of the box cover 2 is provided with lateral nylon hook tape 22 to be bonded with the lateral nylon velvet tape 4 (the lateral adhesive fitting part and the lateral adhesive sealing part adopt a hook and velvet tape Velcro structure, which is convenient for rapid tearing, opening and closing, and bonding operations).

[0023] The emergency box 1 is provided with a filter smoke pressure relief assembly 6. The emergency box 1 is provided with a filter smoke pressure relief installation hole connected to the box cavity, and the filter smoke pressure relief assembly 6 is installed in the filter smoke pressure relief installation hole of the emergency box 1. Figure 3 As shown, the smoke filter pressure relief assembly 6 includes an inner mesh plastic bag 61 and an outer mesh plastic bag 63, which are arranged in an overlapping manner. Preferably, the smoke filter pressure relief assembly 6 is provided with an exhaust valve inside the inner mesh plastic bag 61. The exhaust valve only exhausts air but does not drain water, thereby preventing the outflow of cooling liquid. The inner mesh plastic bag 61 is filled with a first filler 62 for absorbing sulfides and nitrides (preferably, the first filler 62 is sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide, although the first filler 62 can also be other fillers that can absorb toxic gases such as sulfides and nitrides). The outer mesh plastic bag 63 is filled with a second filler 64 for absorbing smoke particles (the second filler 64 is preferably activated carbon, and the second filler 64 is mainly used to purify and absorb smoke and fine particulate matter). The inner mesh plastic bag 61 has a mesh inner filter hole 611. The gas located on the inner side of the fireproof bag body 1 enters through the inner filter hole 61 near the inner side of the inner mesh plastic bag 61. The first filler 62 in the inner mesh plastic bag 61 absorbs toxic gases such as sulfides and nitrides and then enters the outer mesh plastic bag 63 through the inner filter hole 61 on the other side of the inner mesh plastic bag 61; the outer mesh plastic bag 63 has a mesh outer pressure relief hole 631. The gas enters through the outer pressure relief hole 631 of the outer mesh plastic bag 63 and is discharged to the outside of the emergency box 11 after being treated by absorbing smoke particles with activated carbon, thereby achieving the purpose of releasing the internal pressure of the emergency box 1 and treating hazardous gases or particulate matter, preventing the emergency box 1 from being damaged, and also preventing the internal pressure of the emergency box 1 from being too high and causing risks such as explosion.

[0024] The emergency box body 1 and the box cover 2 are composed of an inner radiation layer 101, an ablation-resistant layer 102, a heat insulation layer 103, an ablation-resistant layer 102 and an outer protective layer 104 from the inside to the outside; Figure 2 As shown, the ablation-resistant layer 102 has two layers, and the two ablation-resistant layers 102 are sandwiched on both sides of the thermal insulation layer 103. The inner radiation layer 101 is made of an aluminum foil composite material with a thickness of 0.05mm to 0.1mm, which can effectively reflect heat and reduce heat transfer to the outside. The thickness of each ablation-resistant layer 102 is 0.25mm to 0.52mm, and the ablation-resistant layer 102 is made of one or more materials selected from phenolic resin-based composite materials, ceramic silicone rubber, silicon carbide fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, and polyimide; wherein the phenolic resin-based composite materials and ceramic silicone rubber have good thermal stability and carbonization properties, and carbonize in a high temperature environment to form a carbonized layer, which can effectively block heat transfer. The thermal insulation layer 103 has a thickness of 1mm to 1.5mm, and the thermal insulation layer 103 is made of foamed silica gel (the preferred surface density of the present invention is 134g / m 2 ~263 g / m 2 ), foamed phenolic, or glass wool; the insulation layer 103 has a low thermal conductivity, effectively preventing heat transfer. The outer protective layer 104 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm thick and is made of one or more of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric, aramid fiber fabric, high-strength nylon fabric, or polyurethane-coated fabric. It exhibits excellent wear resistance, puncture resistance, water resistance, and weather resistance.

[0025] The emergency box 1 is provided with a liquid inlet on the side thereof (preferably, a one-way check valve is provided at the liquid inlet to effectively prevent the backflow of the cooling liquid) and a detachable liquid inlet cover 5 for closing the liquid inlet (the liquid inlet cover 5 and the side of the emergency box 1 can be attached with Velcro). The end of the liquid inlet cover 5 is provided with a liquid inlet opening end 51, through which the liquid inlet cover 5 can be opened from the side of the emergency box 1 (attached with Velcro, which is easier to open) and the liquid inlet is exposed, and cooling liquid is injected through the liquid inlet to cool the dangerous lithium batteries in the emergency box 1.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the emergency box 1 is fixed with handles 11 on two opposite sides, and two people or one person can lift the handles 11 to carry the emergency box 1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the emergency box 1 stores Figure 4 The fire blanket 7 shown, Figure 4 The foldable liquid injection funnel 9 shown (the foldable liquid injection funnel 9 is opened into a funnel shape when in use and can be folded into a pancake shape when not in use) and Figure 4 Protective gloves 8 are shown.

[0028] When a lithium battery in a passenger cabin or cargo hold of a civil aircraft experiences thermal runaway or catches fire (such as visible smoke or fire), the lid 2 of the rescue emergency box is opened, and the fire blanket 7, the folding liquid injection funnel 9, and the protective gloves 8 are taken out from the inside of the emergency box 1; the protective gloves 8 are put on, and the runaway or catching fire lithium battery is covered with the fire blanket 7, and the runaway or catching fire lithium battery is placed into the emergency box 1 through the protective gloves 8, and then the forward adhesive sealing portion of the lid 2 is bonded to the forward adhesive mating portion of the emergency box 1, and the side adhesive sealing portion of the lid 2 is bonded to the side adhesive mating portion of the emergency box 1. The body 1 forms a box structure. The liquid inlet cover 5 is opened through the liquid inlet opening end 51 to expose the liquid inlet, the foldable liquid filling funnel 9 is unfolded, and a cooling liquid (generally, an existing fire extinguishing electronic product coolant is selected, and the fire extinguishing electronic product coolant is usually composed of perfluorinated components, distilled water, preservatives and other substances) is poured into the foldable liquid filling funnel 9 for cooling and fire extinguishing. When the cooling and fire extinguishing are completed, the liquid inlet cover 5 is closed to continue monitoring (if necessary, continue cooling and fire extinguishing); during the cooling and fire extinguishing process, the emergency box 1 can be compressed downward to reduce the volume of the emergency box 1 according to the volume of the lithium battery actually loaded in the emergency box 1. The toxic gases generated by the lithium battery during the emergency cooling and fire extinguishing process are filtered and discharged through the smoke filter pressure relief component 6 for pressure relief treatment; first, the internal filler of the inner mesh plastic bag 61 is used to absorb toxic gases such as sulfides and nitrides, and then the treated gas is filtered out of smoke and particulate matter by the activated carbon of the outer mesh plastic bag 63, and discharged to the outside of the emergency box 1. This not only filters the toxic gases and smoke particulate matter, but also achieves the purpose of releasing the internal pressure of the emergency box 1 (effectively preventing the explosion and other hazards caused by excessive air pressure inside the emergency box 1). After the cooling and fire extinguishing is completed, the rescue emergency box containing the lithium battery is transported to a safe location on the aircraft away from the passengers, and is landed after the aircraft lands. The emergency rescue protective portable bag of the present invention can also be used to store lithium batteries (at this time, a storage pocket can be set on the side of the emergency box 1 and used to store a fire blanket 7, a foldable liquid injection funnel 9, and protective gloves 8) to prevent the lithium battery from thermal runaway or fire and causing harm to people and items in the aircraft cabin.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rescue emergency kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft, characterized by: The invention comprises a foldable and retractable emergency box, which has an inner cavity and a box opening. The side of the emergency box close to the box opening is folded to provide a box cover covering and closing the box opening. The front end of the box cover is folded to provide a forward bonding sealing part. The forward bonding sealing part of the box cover is folded on both sides to provide side bonding sealing parts. The forward surface of the emergency box is provided with a forward bonding mating part that cooperates with the forward bonding sealing part, and the two sides of the emergency box are respectively provided with side bonding mating parts that cooperate with the side bonding sealing parts. A smoke filter pressure relief assembly is installed on the emergency box. The emergency box and the box cover are composed of an inner radiation layer, an ablation-resistant layer, a heat insulation layer, an ablation-resistant layer and an outer protective layer from the inside to the outside.

2. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet and a detachable liquid inlet cover for closing the liquid inlet are provided on the side of the emergency box body, and the end of the liquid inlet cover is provided with a liquid inlet opening end.

3. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward bonding part of the emergency box body is provided with a forward nylon velvet tape, and the forward bonding sealing part of the box cover is provided with a forward nylon hook tape that cooperates and bonds with the forward nylon velvet tape; the side bonding part of the emergency box body is provided with a side nylon velvet tape, and the side bonding sealing part of the box cover is provided with a side nylon hook tape that cooperates and bonds with the side nylon velvet tape.

4. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner radiation layer is made of an aluminum foil composite material with a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm.

5. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of each ablation-resistant layer is 0.25 mm to 0.52 mm, and the ablation-resistant layer is made of one or more materials selected from phenolic resin-based composite materials, ceramic silicone rubber, silicon carbide fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, and polyimide.

6. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the heat insulation layer is made of one or more materials of foamed silica gel, foamed phenolic, and glass wool.

7. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the outer protective layer is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and the outer protective layer is made of one or more materials of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric, aramid fiber fabric, high-strength nylon fabric, and polyurethane coated fabric.

8. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency box body is provided with a filter cigarette pressure relief installation hole connected to the inner cavity of the box, and the filter cigarette pressure relief assembly is installed in the filter cigarette pressure relief installation hole of the emergency box body; the filter cigarette pressure relief assembly includes an inner layer plastic bag and an outer layer plastic bag which are overlapped with each other, the inner layer plastic bag is filled with a toxic substance absorption filler for absorbing sulfides and nitrides, and the outer layer plastic bag is filled with activated carbon for absorbing smoke particles; the inner layer plastic bag has a mesh inner layer filter hole, and the outer layer plastic bag has a mesh outer layer pressure relief hole.

9. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency box body is respectively fixed with handles on two opposite sides; and a one-way check valve is provided at the liquid inlet.

10. The emergency rescue kit for lithium battery thermal runaway on civil aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire blanket, a foldable liquid injection funnel and protective gloves are stored in the inner cavity of the emergency box.

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