Foam curtain device for preventing blockage of coal bucket, control system and foaming agent composition

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal scuttle blockage prevention, in particular to a foam curtain device for coal scuttle blockage prevention, which is mounted on a foam tank on one side of a coal scuttle, is used for storing foam mixed liquid and comprises a mixing unit connected with the foam tank; the spraying unit is communicated with the mixing unit; the spraying unit is used for spraying the foam mixed liquid to the inner wall of the coal hopper to form a flowing foam curtain. The coal hopper has the beneficial effects that a layer of continuously flowing foam curtain is formed in the coal hopper, so that the friction force between coal and the inner wall of the coal hopper is effectively reduced, the coal can slide off more smoothly, and the blockage phenomenon is prevented. The efficiency of industrial production is improved, the safety of operation is also improved, the angle of the nozzle can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the angle between the spray pipe and the four walls of the coal hopper can be adjusted through the hoop support so as to control the coverage area of the foam curtain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal hopper anti-clogging, in particular to a foam curtain device, a control system and a foaming agent composition for coal hopper anti-clogging. Background Art

[0002] As one of the primary energy sources for power generation, coal quality and transportation efficiency directly impact the stable operation of power generation equipment. However, relatively inexpensive coal often has lower quality, exhibiting characteristics such as high volatility, high viscosity, and poor flowability. These characteristics can easily lead to blockages during coal transportation, particularly in the coal hopper area. Coal hopper blockage not only reduces the coal conveying system's efficiency and increases system energy consumption, but also seriously impacts the stability and reliability of power generation equipment.

[0003] To solve this problem, existing anti-blocking technologies include manual hammering, air cannon vibration, variable frequency vibration, and activated coal hopper technology. However, each of these methods has its own shortcomings:

[0004] Manual hammering: time-consuming, labor-intensive, and time-consuming.

[0005] Air cannon vibration: Suitable for point vibration, not very effective for cleaning large areas.

[0006] Variable frequency vibration: Although the vibration frequency can be adjusted according to specific circumstances, it is easy to increase the local density of blocked coal, forming large lumps of coal, and increasing safety hazards; at the same time, it has limited effect on coal with higher viscosity.

[0007] Activated coal hopper technology: Due to its complex structure and large size, it is difficult to install on a widespread basis due to space limitations and cost constraints. In addition, problems such as poor balance and sealing also affect its continuous and stable operation.

[0008] In small space units, variable frequency vibration technology is used to prevent the coal hopper from being blocked by adjusting the frequency of the vibrator, but the problem of frequent blockages still exists. In large space units, activated coal hopper technology is used to use the inertial force generated by the vibration motor to destroy the arching phenomenon of the material, but there is also a risk of equipment damage due to failure to adjust the vibration in real time. When encountering serious blockages, manual dredging is required, which is not only inefficient but also poses a personal safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Therefore, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: variable frequency vibration is used to prevent blockage in small spaces, but the effect is not good; activated coal hopper technology is used to break the arch in large spaces, but there is a risk of equipment damage due to inaccurate vibration.

[0010] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: The present invention proposes a foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage, a foam tank installed on one side of the coal hopper, used to store foam mixture, including a mixing unit connected to the foam tank; an injection unit connected to the mixing unit; the injection unit is used to spray the foam mixture onto the inner wall of the coal hopper to form a flowing foam curtain.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage of the present invention: the mixing unit includes a proportioning mixer, which is connected to the pressure tank through a pipeline; a high-pressure mixed liquid valve, which is arranged on the high-pressure output pipeline of the proportioning mixer; a low-pressure mixed liquid valve, which is arranged on the low-pressure output pipeline of the proportioning mixer; and a one-way valve, which is arranged on the pipeline between the proportioning mixer and the pressure tank.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage of the present invention, the injection unit includes a nozzle and a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzle is provided with nozzles with adjustable angles.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the foam curtain device for preventing clogging of the coal hopper of the present invention: the nozzle is fixed to the four walls of the coal hopper through a clamp bracket.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage of the present invention, a protective cover is provided above the nozzle and the nozzle, and the outer surface of the protective cover is covered with a wear-resistant material.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage of the present invention: a liquid channel is provided inside the nozzle, and the outlet end of the liquid channel is connected to an extension groove; a fan-shaped impact piece is provided at the top of the extension groove, and the inclination angle of the fan-shaped impact piece is degrees; the nozzle is fixed to a rotatable spherical ring by a thread, and the rotatable spherical ring is connected to the nozzle base, and the nozzle base is fixed to the nozzle pipe by a thread.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions: a control system, including a foam curtain device for preventing blockage of the coal hopper, and a signal input module, which receives signals from the conveying material parameters; a controller, which is communicatively connected to the signal input module; and an actuator, which controls the regulation and prevention of material flow in the coal hopper through operating instructions issued by the controller.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the control system of the present invention: the signal input module includes a microwave moisture meter sensor and a dust sensor.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the control system of the present invention: the signal input module further includes a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and a flammable gas concentration sensor.

[0019] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a foaming agent composition, comprising a foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage, and a surfactant, 2% to 3% of sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOS); a foam stabilizer, 3% of a polyurethane raw material mixture containing an isocyanate group (NCO); a thickener, 1% of sodium chloride; an antifreeze agent, ethylene glycol; and the balance is water.

[0020] The beneficial effect of this invention is that by forming a continuous flowing foam curtain inside the coal hopper, the friction between the coal and the inner wall of the coal hopper is effectively reduced, allowing the coal to slide more smoothly and thus preventing blockage. This not only improves industrial production efficiency but also enhances operational safety.

[0021] The nozzle angle can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the nozzle can be adjusted to the four walls of the coal hopper through the clamp bracket to control the coverage area of the foam curtain. This design increases the application scenarios and adaptability of the device and can be adjusted according to different coal hopper sizes and shapes.

[0022] A protective cover is introduced to fully cover the nozzle and nozzle, and its outer surface is covered with wear-resistant material, which greatly enhances the wear resistance. At the same time, the protective cover adopts a quick-detachable design, which facilitates maintenance personnel to inspect and repair, reducing downtime and improving system reliability.

[0023] The foam composition includes ingredients such as a surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickener and an antifreeze agent. The components achieve an optimal synergistic effect, which not only ensures the effectiveness and stability of the foam, but also improves the safety and environmental performance of the foam agent, and is suitable for working requirements under different water quality conditions and climatic environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Among them:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a foam tank, a mixing unit, and a spraying unit of a foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 It shows a demonstration diagram of materials entering the coal hopper using a foam curtain device for preventing clogging of the coal hopper;

[0027] Figure 3 It shows an enlarged schematic diagram of the injection unit of the foam curtain device for preventing the coal hopper from being blocked;

[0028] Figure 4 A bottom view of the injection unit of the foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from being blocked is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic perspective view of the nozzle of a foam curtain device for preventing clogging of a coal hopper is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A flow chart of the control system is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The terms used in the present invention are those commonly used in the art in view of the functions of the present invention, but these terms may vary according to the intentions of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but rather as the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-4 The present embodiment provides a foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging, a foam tank 2 installed on one side of the coal hopper 1 for storing a foam mixture, comprising a mixing unit 3 connected to the foam tank 2 for mixing the foam mixture with water in proportion; a spraying unit 4 comprising a nozzle 41 and a plurality of nozzles 42, the nozzle 41 being installed on the inner wall of the coal hopper 1, and the nozzles 42 being used to spray the foam mixture onto the inner wall of the coal hopper 1 to form a flowing foam curtain; the mixing unit 3 comprising a proportioning mixer 31, a high-pressure mixed liquid valve 32, a low-pressure mixed liquid valve 33 and A check valve 34 is installed. The proportioning mixer 31 is connected to the pressure tank via a pipeline and is used to mix foam liquid and water in a predetermined ratio to form a foam mixture. A high-pressure mixture valve 32 is installed on the high-pressure output pipeline of the proportioning mixer 31 to control the output of the high-pressure foam mixture for fire extinguishing. A low-pressure mixture valve 33 is installed on the low-pressure output pipeline of the proportioning mixer 31 and delivers the low-pressure foam mixture to the nozzle 41 through a pressure reducing valve. A check valve 34 is installed on the pipeline between the proportioning mixer 31 and the pressure tank to prevent backflow of the foam liquid. The spray unit 4 includes a nozzle 41 and multiple nozzles 42. The nozzle 41 is installed on the inner wall of the coal hopper 1. The nozzles 42 are used to spray the foam mixture onto the inner wall of the coal hopper 1 to form a flowing foam curtain. The control unit includes an electric low-pressure mixing valve and a pressure reducing valve to adjust the output pressure and flow rate of the foam mixture. The foam liquid is a surfactant solution, and the foam curtain reduces the friction coefficient between the burning coal and the inner wall of the coal hopper 1 to prevent clogging.

[0034] In this embodiment, the foam tank 2 is used to store the foam mixture. The foam tank 2 is installed on one side of the coal hopper 1, ensuring that the foam mixture can be easily extracted and transported to subsequent processing links.

[0035] Mixing unit 3 includes components such as a proportioning mixer 31, a high-pressure mixed liquid valve 32, a low-pressure mixed liquid valve 33, and a check valve 34. Proportioning mixer 31 is responsible for precisely mixing the foam liquid surfactant solution and water in a predetermined ratio to produce a foam liquid mixture. High-pressure mixed liquid valve 32, located on the high-pressure output pipeline of proportioning mixer 31, is primarily used to control the output of the high-pressure foam liquid mixture during firefighting operations. Low-pressure mixed liquid valve 33, located on the low-pressure output pipeline, delivers the foam liquid mixture to nozzle 41 at an appropriate pressure through the action of a pressure reducing valve. Check valve 34 is provided to prevent backflow of the foam liquid, ensuring the proper operation of the system.

[0036] The spray unit 4 comprises a nozzle 41 and multiple nozzles 42. The nozzle 41 is mounted on the inner wall of the coal hopper 1, while the nozzles 42 are responsible for evenly spraying the foam mixture onto the inner wall of the coal hopper 1, forming a continuous foam curtain. This foam curtain significantly reduces the friction between the burning coal and the inner wall of the coal hopper 1, effectively preventing clogging.

[0037] The control unit primarily includes an electric low-pressure mixing valve and a pressure reducing valve, which precisely regulate the output pressure and flow of the foam mixture. This not only ensures the quality of the foam curtain but also allows for flexible adjustment of the foam coverage and duration based on actual conditions, further enhancing the anti-clogging effect.

[0038] Working principle: the foam liquid in the foam tank 2 enters the proportioning mixer 31 through the pipeline, where it is mixed with an appropriate amount of water to form a foam mixture. Then, this mixture will enter the corresponding pipeline through the high-pressure or low-pressure mixture valve 33 according to actual needs. To prevent the coal hopper 1 from being blocked, the foam mixture is mainly sent to the injection unit 4 through the low-pressure pipeline. Here, the foam mixture is sprayed onto the inner wall of the coal hopper 1 through the nozzle 42, forming a thin, continuously flowing foam film. This layer of foam film greatly reduces the friction between the coal and the inner wall of the coal hopper 1, allowing the coal to slide more smoothly, thereby avoiding the occurrence of blockage.

[0039] In summary, the foam curtain device for preventing the coal hopper from clogging solves the problem of easy clogging of the traditional coal hopper 1, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of industrial production.

[0040] refer to Figure 2-4In one embodiment provided in the present application, a nozzle 41 is fixed to the four walls of the coal hopper 1 by a clamp bracket, and a nozzle 42 with an adjustable angle is provided on the nozzle 41. The angle of the nozzle 41 with respect to the four walls of the coal hopper 1 can be adjusted by the clamp bracket, and the angle of the nozzle 42 with respect to the four walls of the coal hopper 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the nut to control the coverage area of the foam curtain. A protective cover 43 covers the outside of the nozzle 41 and the nozzle 42. The outer surface of the protective cover 43 is covered with a wear-resistant material, and is detachably mounted on the coal hopper 1 by a fixing part. The protective cover 43 is a long arc-shaped structure, and its fixing part is a quick-detachable clip or bolt, which makes it easy to open the protective cover 43 to maintain the nozzle 41 and the nozzle 42.

[0041] In this embodiment, the nozzle 41 is firmly mounted on the four walls of the coal hopper 1 by means of a clamp bracket. This ensures that the nozzle 41 remains stable even under long-term high-load operation and will not be displaced due to vibration or external force. The nozzle 41 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 42 with adjustable angles. These nozzles 42 can not only adjust the spray angle according to actual needs, but also further fine-tune their angle relative to the four walls of the coal hopper 1 by adjusting the nut to accurately control the coverage area of the foam curtain. The function of the nozzle 42 is to evenly distribute the foam throughout the interior of the coal hopper 1, thereby forming an effective protective film to reduce the direct wear of the coal on the inner wall of the coal hopper 1.

[0042] To extend the service life of the nozzle 41 and nozzle 42, a protective cover 43 is introduced. This long, curved structure not only fully covers the nozzle 41 and nozzle 42, but its outer surface is coated with wear-resistant material, greatly enhancing its wear resistance. Furthermore, the protective cover 43 is detachably connected to the coal hopper 1 via quick-release clips or bolts. When maintenance is required, the protective cover 43 can be easily opened, allowing the nozzle 41 and nozzle 42 to be removed and installed without complex tools or steps, greatly improving maintenance efficiency.

[0043] refer to Figure 1-4In one embodiment provided herein, the proportioning mixer 31 uses 3% to 6% of the pressurized water as driving water, displacing an equal amount of foam liquid in the foam tank 2 and mixing it with the remaining pressurized water to form a foam mixture. The nozzle 41 is connected to the mixing unit 3 via a pressure reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve is used to adjust the pressure of the foam mixture to a low state to meet the spraying requirements of the nozzle 41. The nozzles 41 are evenly distributed along the four walls of the coal hopper 1. The nozzles 42 are multi-hole or fan-shaped nozzles 42, forming a continuous foam curtain covering the inner wall of the coal hopper 1. The foam tank 2 also includes an exhaust valve and a liquid filling port. The exhaust valve is used to expel air from the tank during foam liquid filling. The liquid filling port is used to fill the foam tank 2 with foam liquid via a manual or electric liquid filling pump. The foam liquid filling volume is 1 / 4 of the volume of the foam tank 2, and the minimum is no less than 500 liters. The foam liquid has a higher specific gravity than clean water and sinks to the bottom of the foam tank 2. The mixing unit 3 also includes a safety valve and a check valve. The safety valve is used to release overpressure gas, and the check valve prevents backflow of the foam mixture. The three-way valve is used to connect the high-pressure mixed liquid valve 32, the low-pressure mixed liquid valve 33 and the pressure reducing valve to achieve diversion control of the mixed liquid.

[0044] In this embodiment, the proportioning mixer 31 can use 3% to 6% of the pressurized water as driving water to displace an equal amount of foam liquid in the foam tank 2 and mix it with the remaining pressurized water to form a foam mixture. This process ensures that the foam liquid and water are mixed in the preset optimal ratio, ensuring the effectiveness of the foam while avoiding resource waste.

[0045] The nozzles 41 are evenly distributed along the four walls of the coal hopper 1, and the nozzles 42 are designed to be multi-hole or fan-shaped, so as to form a continuous foam curtain covering the entire inner wall of the coal hopper 1, thereby reducing the amount of foam liquid used.

[0046] The pressure reducing valve is connected between the nozzle 41 and the mixing unit 3. Its main function is to adjust the pressure of the foam mixture to a low pressure state to meet the spraying requirements of the nozzle 41. By regulating the pressure, the pressure reducing valve ensures that the foam can be sprayed smoothly from the nozzle 42, and does not cause foam collapse or uneven spraying due to excessive pressure.

[0047] Foam tank 2 not only stores the foam liquid but also features an exhaust valve and a filling port. The exhaust valve expels air from the tank during filling, preventing the presence of air from affecting the accuracy of the foam liquid. The filling port allows for manual or electric filling of the foam liquid, facilitating operation by maintenance personnel. Furthermore, the filling volume of foam liquid within foam tank 2 is 1 / 4 of the tank's capacity, but must be at least 500 liters. Because the foam liquid has a higher specific gravity than water, it sinks to the bottom of foam tank 2, which helps maintain the stability of the foam liquid and prevents stratification.

[0048] The safety valve can release gas when overpressure occurs in the system to protect the equipment from damage; the check valve prevents the foam mixture from flowing back, ensuring the single direction of liquid flow and avoiding unnecessary losses and potential safety hazards.

[0049] The three-way valve connects the high-pressure mixed liquid valve 32, the low-pressure mixed liquid valve 33, and the pressure reducing valve, enabling diversion control of the mixed liquid. The flow direction of the foam mixture can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions, meeting both the rapid response requirements under high-pressure conditions and the continuous operation requirements under low-pressure conditions.

[0050] refer to Figure 5 As an optional embodiment, the nozzle 42 is provided with a liquid channel, the outlet end of which is connected to an extension groove; a fan-shaped impact piece 421 is fixed to the top of the extension groove and has an inclination angle of 45 degrees. The nozzle 42 is fixed to a rotatable spherical ring 422 by threading, and the rotatable spherical ring 422 is connected to the nozzle base 423, and the nozzle base 423 is fixed to the nozzle 41 by threading. The aperture of the liquid channel of the nozzle 42 is 1 mm. The fan-shaped impact piece 421 forms atomized particles with a diameter of 15-60 microns through the impact of high-speed liquid flow, and sprays them outward through the arc-shaped outlet of the nozzle 42. The structure of the fan-shaped impact piece 421 with a 45-degree inclination achieves liquid atomization and forms uniformly suspended micron-sized particles. The coordination between the rotatable spherical ring 422 and the nozzle base 423 enables precise adjustment of the spraying direction, reduces liquid waste caused by back-spraying, and improves the efficiency of foam liquid use.

[0051] In this embodiment, the nozzle 42 is internally provided with a liquid channel with a diameter of 1 mm. This ensures that the liquid can flow through the channel at an appropriate speed and pressure, providing the basic conditions for the subsequent atomization process. The outlet of the liquid channel is connected to an extended groove, which not only helps guide the liquid flow in a specific direction but also prepares for the subsequent atomization step.

[0052] A fan-shaped impact plate 421 is fixed to the top of the extension slot, with its tilt angle set at 45 degrees. When high-speed liquid impacts the fan-shaped impact plate 421, the angled impact surface breaks the liquid into smaller droplets, ultimately forming atomized particles with a diameter between 15 and 60 microns. This particle size is ideal for suspension in the air, greatly improving liquid usage efficiency and reducing waste.

[0053] The nozzle 42 is threaded onto a rotatable spherical ring 422, which in turn is connected to the nozzle base 423. This combination allows the user to adjust the spray direction according to actual needs, achieving precise spraying. Furthermore, the nozzle base 423 is threaded onto the nozzle 41, forming a stable and flexible overall structure. This also allows the operator to easily adjust the spray angle.

[0054] refer to Figure 6 This embodiment provides a control system comprising a signal input module that receives signals from conveyed material parameters, a rainfall sensor, a coal hopper 1 level sensor, a blockage sensor, an acoustic sensor, and video surveillance; a controller that includes a sensing signal processing module, an image processing module, a command processing module, and a signal output processing module; and an actuator that controls the outlet valve, the vibration motor voltage, and the ventilation solenoid valve in response to operating instructions from the controller. The system utilizes these components to regulate and prevent blockage of material flow within the coal hopper 1. This system implements intelligent monitoring and automatic regulation of material flow within the coal hopper 1, effectively resolving material blockage issues and improving material conveying efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, the signal input module is the information source of the entire control system. It is responsible for receiving data signals from multiple sources, including but not limited to conveying material parameters, rain sensors, coal hopper 1 level sensors, blockage sensors, acoustic sensors and video monitoring.

[0056] Conveying material parameters: Provides key information about the current material type, moisture, density, etc., which helps to evaluate the material fluidity.

[0057] Rain sensor: detects rainfall in the environment, as rain affects the humidity of the material and thus affects its fluidity.

[0058] Coal hopper 1 material level sensor: monitors the height of the material in the coal hopper 1 in real time to ensure that it is not overfilled and causes overflow or blockage.

[0059] Blockage sensor: directly detects whether the material is blocked and promptly feeds back to the control system so that measures can be taken.

[0060] Acoustic wave sensor: uses the principle of sound wave reflection to measure the material position and accumulation shape, providing more accurate material level information.

[0061] Video monitoring: Provides visual data to help operators intuitively understand the situation inside and outside the coal hopper 1 and assist other sensors in making decisions.

[0062] The controller integrates four parts: sensor signal processing module, image processing module, command processing module and signal output processing module. Each module has its own specific function, and they work together to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0063] Sensor signal processing module: Responsible for analyzing and processing various sensor signals received, extracting useful information for subsequent use. Image processing module: Analyzes video footage provided by video surveillance, identifies abnormal conditions (such as blockages), and generates appropriate response strategies. Command processing module: Develops specific operation plans based on information collected from various modules and sends instructions to the actuators. Signal output processing module: Responsible for converting operation instructions issued by the controller into a form that can be understood by the actuators.

[0064] The actuator adjusts the outlet valve, vibration motor and ventilation solenoid valve according to the instructions issued by the controller, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the flow of materials.

[0065] For example, the solenoid valve is adjusted to change the foam flow rate of the nozzle 42 to prevent adhesion and accumulation, or the vibration motor voltage is adjusted to increase the vibration intensity of the coal hopper 1 to promote material flow.

[0066] The signal input module also includes a microwave moisture meter sensor and a dust sensor to implement intelligent dust suppression control for the coal conveying system. This improves system efficiency in dusty environments and reduces environmental pollution. Smoke, temperature, and flammable gas concentration sensors monitor fire risks in real time and trigger fire extinguishing operations. This enhances system safety, enabling prompt action upon detection of fire signs to mitigate fire risks. The controller also includes a data analysis module that analyzes and processes received data and issues alarm or action signals accordingly. This improves decision-making accuracy and timeliness, facilitating rapid response to various situations.

[0067] This embodiment provides a foaming agent composition comprising: a surfactant (2% to 3% sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOS)) for reducing the surface tension of water and forming a stable anion dispersion; a foam stabilizer (3% NCO-containing polyurethane raw material mixture) for maintaining thermodynamic stability during the foam maturation stage; a thickener (1% sodium chloride) for increasing the viscosity of the system through micellar structure transformation; an antifreeze agent (ethylene glycol) for adjusting the ratio according to the ambient temperature to lower the freezing point; and water as the balance. The overall foaming agent concentration is controlled by a mixer at 5% to 6%. The components work synergistically to form a stable foam curtain, preventing clogging of the coal hopper 1, and exhibiting both low-temperature resistance and hard water resistance and high stability.

[0068] The surfactant is AOS (sodium α-olefin sulfonate), which has good hard water resistance, ecological safety, and biodegradability. This improves the safety and environmental performance of the foaming agent, while also enhancing the stability and dispersibility of the foam. The foam stabilizer is a mixture of polyurethane raw materials containing cyanate and polyether as the main components. Its function is to reduce the surface tension of the system and improve the stability of the foam. It helps to maintain the integrity of the foam structure and prevent the foam from collapsing due to thermodynamic instability. The thickener is sodium chloride, which increases the viscosity of the system by affecting the micelle structure. This ensures the uniformity and stability of the foam composition during storage and application. The antifreeze is ethylene glycol, which lowers the freezing point of the solution by forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This protects the foam liquid system from damage caused by low temperatures and adapts to work requirements under different climatic conditions.

[0069] In this embodiment, 2% to 3% of sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOS) is selected as the surfactant in the foam. As an excellent anionic surfactant, AOS has a good ability to reduce the surface tension of water and can form a stable negative ion dispersion system. This not only helps to improve the stability and dispersibility of the foam, but also enhances the safety and environmental performance of the foam. AOS shows good resistance to hard water and can maintain high efficiency even in water containing a high concentration of calcium and magnesium ions, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the foam under different water quality conditions. In addition, AOS is easily biodegradable, which reduces the potential impact on the environment and embodies the concept of green environmental protection.

[0070] To further enhance the thermodynamic stability of the foam, a 3% mixture of polyurethane raw materials containing isocyanate groups (NCO) is added to the formula as a foam stabilizer. This ingredient is mainly composed of cyanate and polyether, which can effectively reduce the surface tension of the system and improve the stability of the foam. By maintaining thermodynamic stability during the foam maturation stage, it helps to maintain the integrity of the foam structure and avoid foam collapse caused by temperature changes or other external factors. The role of this foam stabilizer is crucial to ensuring that the foam maintains its physical properties over a long period of time, especially in application scenarios that require long-term stability.

[0071] The thickener used is 1% sodium chloride, which increases the viscosity of the system by modifying the micelle structure. Sodium chloride as a thickener not only improves the overall viscosity of the foam composition but also ensures uniformity and stability during storage and application. The high-viscosity solution better encapsulates bubbles, reducing their merging rate and thus extending the life of the foam. Furthermore, appropriate thickening helps improve the rheological properties of the foam, making it easier to handle and apply.

[0072] Considering that fluctuations in ambient temperature may affect the foam's performance, ethylene glycol is added to the formulation as an antifreeze agent. Ethylene glycol forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules, lowering the solution's freezing point and protecting the foam system from low-temperature damage. Adjusting the glycol ratio based on the actual operating temperature ensures the foam maintains fluidity and effectiveness in cold conditions. This measure significantly broadens the foam's application range, enabling it to function effectively in diverse climates.

[0073] The overall concentration of the foaming agent is controlled by a mixer at 5% to 6%. This ratio ensures optimal synergy between the components. The surfactant AOS provides basic foaming power, while the foam stabilizer ensures the durability and stability of the foam. The thickener increases the viscosity of the solution, helping to maintain the foam structure, while the antifreeze agent ensures the foam's suitability in low-temperature environments. These components work together to form a safe and efficient foam curtain, effectively resolving the problem of coal hopper 1 blockage.

[0074] In summary, this foam composition achieves the characteristics of low temperature resistance, hard water resistance and high stability through careful selection and blending of various components.

[0075] Finally, it should be pointed out that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging, a foam tank (2) installed on one side of the coal hopper (1), characterized by: include, a mixing unit (3) in communication with the foam tank (2); an injection unit (4) in communication with the mixing unit (3); The spraying unit (4) is used to spray the foam mixture onto the inner wall of the coal hopper (1) to form a flowing foam curtain.

2. The foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing unit (3) comprises, a proportioning mixer (31), the proportioning mixer (31) being in communication with the pressure tank via a pipeline; A high-pressure mixed liquid valve (32) is installed on the high-pressure output pipeline of the proportioning mixer (31); a low-pressure mixed liquid valve (33) installed on the low-pressure output pipeline of the proportioning mixer (31); A one-way valve (34) is installed on the pipeline between the proportioning mixer (31) and the pressure tank.

3. The foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spray unit (4) comprises a spray pipe (41) and a plurality of nozzles (42), and the angles of the nozzles (42) are adjustable.

4. The foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nozzle (41) is fixed to the four walls of the coal hopper (1) via a clamp bracket.

5. The foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protective cover (43) is provided above the nozzle (41) and the nozzle (42), and the outer surface of the protective cover (43) is covered with a wear-resistant material.

6. The foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper from clogging according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid channel is provided inside the nozzle (42), the outlet end of the liquid channel is connected to an extension groove, the top end of the extension groove is provided with a fan-shaped impact piece (421), the nozzle (42) is fixed to a rotatable spherical ring (422) by means of a thread, the rotatable spherical ring (422) is connected to a nozzle base (423), and the nozzle base (423) is fixed to the nozzle (41) by means of a thread.

7. Control system, characterized by: A foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and A signal input module receives a signal from a conveying material parameter; A controller, communicatively connected to the signal input module; The actuator controls the flow of materials in the coal hopper (1) and prevents them from blocking by means of operating instructions issued by the controller.

8. The control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal input module includes a microwave moisture meter sensor and a dust sensor.

9. The control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal input module also includes a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and a flammable gas concentration sensor.

10. A foaming agent composition, characterized in that: A foam curtain device for preventing coal hopper blockage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and Surfactant, 2% to 3% sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOS); Foam stabilizer, 3% mixture of polyurethane raw materials containing isocyanate groups (NCO); Thickener, 1% sodium chloride; Antifreeze, ethylene glycol; The balance is water.

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