Photovoltaic pile sinking method and photovoltaic panel mounting method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic construction, and relates to a photovoltaic pile sinking method and a photovoltaic panel mounting method. The four corners of the photovoltaic workboat are provided with pile embracing devices capable of extending outwards and retracting, the pile embracing devices are in a U shape, the opening direction of the pile embracing devices deviates from a boat body, and a plurality of telescopic supporting arms are arranged in the pile embracing devices. During pile sinking, the ship is moved to the position between every two adjacent columns of pile positions, the four pile holding devices stretch out to correspond to the four pile positions, and the ship is anchored; the foundation piles are lifted one by one and fed into a pile gripper through one side of a [-shaped opening, a support arm extends out of the pile gripper, the foundation piles sink and are driven, and during the period, the extending distance of the pile gripper and / or the length of the support arm are / is adjusted so that the positions of the foundation piles can be adjusted in place in real time; the supporting arm and the pile gripper are withdrawn, the ship is moved to the other four pile positions, and the pile sinking step is repeated; when the photovoltaic panel is installed, the ship shuttles back and forth between two adjacent columns of foundation piles, the four pile embracing devices extend outwards to embrace the piles, and then the photovoltaic panel is installed on the foundation piles. When the ship body floats and sits on the bottom, the pile sinking position can be accurately adjusted in real time, and the influence of the tide level on pile sinking operation is reduced; when the photovoltaic panel is installed, the ship body shuttles between the sunk foundation piles, the photovoltaic workboat and the sunk foundation piles are connected into a whole in a pile embracing mode, the posture of the ship body is prevented from being changed, and the photovoltaic panel is not affected by damp level during installation; therefore, the construction window period is increased, and the offshore photovoltaic construction efficiency and construction quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic construction, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic pile driving method and a photovoltaic panel installation method. Background Art

[0002] Under the same lighting conditions, the offshore environment offers advantages over the land environment, such as a wide, unobstructed radiation surface, long sunshine hours, and high radiation levels. This has led to the rise and development of offshore photovoltaic technology. Currently, offshore photovoltaics are generally installed in the intertidal zone, a zone located between high and low tides that is submerged and exposed with the ebb and flow of the tide. This area is characterized by shallow operating water depths and large tidal ranges. During offshore photovoltaic construction, the multiple foundation piles required for the offshore photovoltaic field must first be sunk. The piles are typically arranged in multiple rows, front and back, and left and right. Then, multiple photovoltaic panels are installed on these piles. Four pillars are typically installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel. Connecting the four pillars to the four foundation piles completes the photovoltaic panel installation. The entire construction process is characterized by a large number of foundation piles and a tight construction schedule.

[0003] Currently, offshore photovoltaic construction is usually carried out using a bottom-mounted stable pile platform or a ship-mounted crane, but this has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1) When using a bottom-mounted pile stabilization platform for construction, the platform is large and heavy, and the pile sinking process is cumbersome. After completing the pile sinking operation at one position, the pile stabilization platform needs to be hoisted back to the transport ship by a crane ship, moved to the next position, and then lowered to carry out the pile sinking operation at the next position. This results in complicated operations, low construction efficiency, and high construction costs.

[0005] 2) When using ship-driven machinery for construction, existing pile-driving ships have large hulls and deep drafts. They need to operate at high tide and cannot operate after the ship is grounded. The operating window is short and the pile-drilling efficiency is low. Moreover, the pile-driving ship cannot flexibly adjust its position and posture during operation, making it difficult to accurately locate the pile sinking position, and thus it is difficult to ensure the construction accuracy of the foundation piles. In addition, the ship's posture is affected by environmental factors such as waves and changes at any time, affecting the subsequent installation efficiency of photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings in the relevant technologies, the present invention provides a photovoltaic pile driving method and a photovoltaic panel installation method, which aim to realize the pile driving operation of foundation piles and the installation operation of photovoltaic panels during offshore photovoltaic construction, reduce the impact of tide level on offshore photovoltaic construction, increase the construction window period, improve the efficiency and accuracy of foundation pile driving operations, improve the efficiency and convenience of photovoltaic panel installation operations, and thus improve the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction.

[0007] The present invention provides a photovoltaic pile driving method, which uses a photovoltaic construction ship to perform pile driving operations for foundation piles; the photovoltaic construction ship includes a hull, a lifting device, four anchor winches and four pile holding devices; the four anchor winches are respectively arranged at the four corners of the hull; the lifting device is arranged on the deck of the hull; the four pile holding devices are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends on the left and right sides of the hull, and each pile holding device includes:

[0008] Two opposite guide rails, which are arranged on the deck of the hull, and the length direction of the guide rails is consistent with the left and right direction of the hull;

[0009] A pile holder, which is slidably connected to the two guide rails, and the pile holder can reciprocate along the length direction of the two guide rails under the drive of a driving mechanism to extend beyond the hull boundary or retract within the hull boundary; the pile holder is in a U-shaped shape and the open direction of its U-shaped shape faces away from the hull, and two pile holding components are arranged at intervals up and down within the open U-shaped shape of the pile holder; each pile holding component includes at least three telescopic arms, all the telescopic arms are arranged at equal angular intervals around the center of the U-shaped shape of the pile holder, the telescopic arms have telescopic ends that extend towards the center of the U-shaped shape, and a guide roller is provided at the telescopic ends, and the wheel surface of the guide roller is used to press against the outer wall of the foundation pile during pile driving operations so that the pile holding component holds the foundation pile;

[0010] The photovoltaic pile driving method includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Before the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water, retract the four pile holders within the hull boundary, and retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms in each pile holder to the zero position; the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water and moves to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be driven in two adjacent columns on the left and right.

[0012] S2. Extend the four pile holders on the hull and make the centers of their U-shaped shapes respectively correspond to the positions of the four foundation piles to be driven in the front and rear adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull at this time, and anchor and position the hull.

[0013] S3. The lifting device hoists a foundation pile and stands the pile upright, and sends the foundation pile into a pile holder through one side of the open U-shaped shape of the extended pile holder; all the telescopic arms in this pile holder extend to hold the foundation pile, and by adjusting the extension distance of this pile holder and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each telescopic arm in this pile holder, adjust the position and verticality of the foundation pile in place; the foundation pile starts to sink by itself, and after the self-sinking is completed, disconnect the connection between the lifting device and the foundation pile, and the lifting device hoists a vibratory hammer to drive the foundation pile after self-sinking until the pile driving operation of this foundation pile is completed; during the self-sinking and driving process of this foundation pile, monitor and adjust the position and verticality of this foundation pile in real time; according to this process, drive the three foundation piles through the other three extended pile holders respectively to complete the pile driving operations of the four foundation piles in the front and rear adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull under the current ship position.

[0014] S4. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms of the four pile grippers to zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers into the boundary of the hull; loosen the anchor cables of the two anchor windlasses on the rear side of the hull, and use the two anchor windlasses on the front side of the hull to twist the hull forward. The forward movement distance of the hull is equal to the center distance of the three adjacent rows of piles in front and behind. The anchor cables of the two anchor windlasses on the rear side of the hull are passed over the piles that have been sunk and then tightened; execute steps S2 to S3 again, thereby completing the pile sinking operation of the four adjacent rows of piles on the left and right sides of the hull at the current ship position;

[0015] S5, repeating step S4 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of foundation piles in two adjacent rows on the left and right is completed;

[0016] S6. Move the photovoltaic construction vessel to the position between two adjacent rows of foundation piles to be sunk, and repeat steps S2 to S5 until the sinking of multiple rows of foundation piles is completed.

[0017] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder, which includes a first cylinder barrel and a first piston rod slidably connected to the first cylinder barrel, the first cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and the end of the first piston rod facing away from the first cylinder barrel is connected to the pile gripper; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel is communicated with the first hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the first piston rod in real time.

[0018] In some embodiments, the support arm includes a second hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder includes a second cylinder barrel, a second piston rod slidably connected to the second cylinder barrel, the second cylinder barrel is connected to the pile gripper, and the guide roller is provided at the end of the second piston rod away from the second cylinder barrel; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel is communicated with the second hydraulic cylinder to monitor and control the working stroke of the second piston rod in real time.

[0019] In some embodiments, a GPS positioning device and a hull inclinometer are provided on the hull; before executing step S1, a calibration step is also included, which is performed in the dock and includes:

[0020] J1. Adjust the working stroke of the first piston rod in each drive mechanism to zero position so that each pile gripper is retracted within the boundary of the hull; also adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in each arm to zero position;

[0021] J2. Calibrate the initial position relationship between the U-shaped center of each pile gripper and the GPS positioning device, and calibrate the initial position relationship between each second piston rod and the GPS positioning device;

[0022] During the execution of steps S2 to S6, the measurement and control system obtains the hull position and attitude, and the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod in real time, and combines them with the calibration results of step J2 to obtain the C-shaped center position of the pile gripper, the position of the foundation pile, and the verticality situation in real time.

[0023] In some embodiments, the pile gripper includes a frame body, and the frame body includes a back frame and two side frames connected to both ends of the back frame in the length direction, so that the frame body is C-shaped and the open direction of its C-shape faces away from the hull; the lower parts of the two side frames are respectively slidably connected to two guide rails; one end of the driving mechanism is connected to the hull deck, and the other end is connected to the back frame; each pile gripping component includes four telescopic arms, and the four telescopic arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length direction of the guide rail, and the telescopic arms are connected to the side frames.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for installing photovoltaic panels, which is used to install photovoltaic panels on multiple foundation piles that have been sunk. The foundation piles are sunk by the aforementioned photovoltaic pile sinking method; the photovoltaic construction ship further includes four sets of lifting and supporting devices arranged in a square shape on the hull deck; the method for installing photovoltaic panels includes the following steps:

[0025] D1. Retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms in the four pile grippers to the zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers within the hull boundary; the photovoltaic construction ship moves between two adjacent columns of foundation piles that have been sunk; the four pile grippers extend outwards and their C-shaped openings are respectively sleeved outside the four foundation piles of the front and rear adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull, and all the telescopic arms in each pile gripper extend to hold the foundation piles.

[0026] D2. Hoist a photovoltaic panel above the photovoltaic construction ship, and make the four pillars on the back of the photovoltaic panel align with the four foundation piles in step D1 one by one; the four sets of lifting and supporting devices on the hull first rise to support the photovoltaic panel, and then the four sets of lifting and supporting devices lower to make the four pillars on the back of the photovoltaic panel press against the four foundation piles in step D1, and use expansion screws to fix the pillars to the foundation piles, thereby completing the installation operation of the photovoltaic panel.

[0027] D3. Repeat steps D1 to D2 to complete the installation operations of multiple photovoltaic panels.

[0028] In some embodiments, after step D1 is completed, the measurement and control system combines the hull position and attitude at this time, and the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod with the calibration results of step J2 to obtain the real-time position situation of the four foundation piles, and compares it with the theoretical positions of the four foundation piles. If the position deviation of any foundation pile exceeds the preset tolerance value, adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in the pile gripper that holds the foundation pile to finely adjust the position of the foundation pile to the correct position.

[0029] In some embodiments, the lifting support device includes a third hydraulic cylinder, the third hydraulic cylinder includes a third cylinder barrel, a third piston rod slidably connected to the third cylinder barrel, the third cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and the end of the third piston rod facing away from the third cylinder barrel is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel.

[0030] Based on the above technical solution, the photovoltaic pile driving method and photovoltaic panel installation method in the embodiments of the present invention can accurately adjust the pile position in real time when the hull is floating or sitting on the bottom, reducing the impact of the tide on the pile driving operation, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the pile driving operation; when installing the photovoltaic panels, the photovoltaic construction ship and the sunken foundation piles are connected as one by holding the piles, avoiding changes in the hull posture, allowing the hull to better adapt to changes in the tide level, and the photovoltaic panel installation is not affected by the tide level, thereby improving the efficiency and convenience of the photovoltaic panel installation operation; thereby increasing the construction window period and improving the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A bird's-eye view of the photovoltaic construction vessel in the present invention Figure 1 (The pile gripper is retracted within the hull boundary);

[0033] Figure 2 A bird's-eye view of the photovoltaic construction vessel in the present invention Figure 2 (the pile gripper extends beyond the hull boundary);

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a top view after step S1 of the present invention is completed;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a top view after step S3 of the present invention is completed;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a top view after step S4 of the present invention is completed;

[0038] Figure 7 This is the main view of the photovoltaic panel installation operation in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 A side view of the photovoltaic panel installation operation in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 The present invention is a flow chart of the photovoltaic pile driving method and photovoltaic panel installation method.

[0041] In the figure: 1. Hull; 11. Anchor cable; 12. Hammer storage position; 2. Lifting equipment; 3. Lifting type supporting device; 31. Third cylinder; 32. Third piston rod; 4. Pile holding device; 41. Guide rail; 42. Pile holding device; 43. Frame; 431. Back frame; 432. Frame; 44. Pile holding assembly; 45. Support arm; 451. Second cylinder; 452. Second piston rod; 46. Driving mechanism; 461. First cylinder; 462. First piston rod; 5. Foundation pile; 51. Position for sinking piles; 52. Foundation piles for sinking; 6. Photovoltaic panel; 61. Pillar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0044] The terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] refer to Figures 1-6 、 Figure 9As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a photovoltaic pile driving method, which uses a photovoltaic construction ship to carry out the pile driving operation of the foundation pile 5. The photovoltaic construction ship includes a hull 1, a lifting device 2, four anchor winches and four sets of pile-holding devices 4. The four anchor winches are respectively arranged at the four corners of the hull 1 and are used for绞锚移位 or anchor mooring positioning of the hull 1. The lifting device 2 is arranged on the deck of the hull 1 and is used for lifting and driving the foundation pile 5 during the pile driving operation; the待沉基桩52 can be placed on the deck of the hull 1, and a hammer storage position 12 is provided on the deck, and the vibration hammer used during the driving of the foundation pile 5 can be placed at the hammer storage position 12.

[0047] The four sets of pile-holding devices 4 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the left and right sides of the hull 1. Each set of pile-holding devices 4 includes two guide rails 41, a pile-holder 42, etc. The two guide rails 41 are oppositely arranged on the deck of the hull 1, and the length direction of the guide rails 41 is the same as the left and right direction of the hull 1. The pile-holder 42 is slidably connected to the two guide rails 41, and the pile-holder 42 can reciprocate along the length direction of the two guide rails 41 under the drive of a driving mechanism 46 to extend beyond the boundary of the hull 1 or retract within the boundary of the hull 1. The pile-holder 42 is generally in a C shape and the open direction of its C shape is背离船体1; two pile-holding components 44 are arranged at intervals up and down inside the open C shape of the pile-holder 42; each pile-holding component 44 includes at least three telescopic arms 45, and all the telescopic arms 45 are arranged at equal angular intervals around the center of the C shape of the pile-holder 42; the telescopic arms 45 have a telescopic end that extends and contracts towards the center of the C shape, and a guiding roller is provided at the telescopic end; when the telescopic arms 45 extend, the wheel surface of the guiding roller is used to press against the outer wall of the foundation pile 5 during the pile driving operation, so that the pile-holding component 44 holds the foundation pile 5; further, when all the telescopic arms 45 are retracted to the shortest, that is, the telescopic ends are retracted to the zero position, the envelope space formed by the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms 45 is larger than the outer diameter of the foundation pile 5.

[0048] It should be noted that the width dimension of the left and right sides of the hull 1 is less than the preset distance between the left and right adjacent rows of foundation piles 5, the farthest center distance between the left and right pile-holders 42 after extension is greater than the preset center distance between the left and right adjacent foundation piles 5 in the same row, and the center distance between the front and rear pile-holders 42 is equal to the preset center distance between the front and rear adjacent foundation piles 5 in the same column; therefore, the size of the hull 1, the center distance between the pile-holders 42, etc. can be designed specifically according to the preset foundation pile 5 spacing, making the photovoltaic construction ship more compact and flexible.

[0049] The photovoltaic pile driving method includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Before the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water, retract the four pile-holders 42 within the boundary of the hull 1, and retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms 45 in each pile-holder 42 to the zero position; the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water and moves to the position between the待沉桩位置51 of the left and right adjacent rows of foundation piles 5.

[0051] S2. The four pile grippers 42 on the hull 1 extend outward and make their U-shaped centers correspond preliminarily to the positions 51 of the four foundation piles 5 in two adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull 1, and the hull 1 is anchored and positioned, completing the rough positioning of the hull 1.

[0052] S3, the lifting equipment 2 lifts a foundation pile 5 and sets up the pile, and sends the foundation pile 5 into the pile holder 42 through the open side of the outward-extended pile holder 42; all the arms 45 in the pile holder 42 are extended to hold the foundation pile 5, and the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 are adjusted to the correct position by adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile holder 42 and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each arm 45 in the pile holder 42; the foundation pile 5 begins to sink by itself, and after the self-sinking is completed, the connection between the lifting equipment 2 and the foundation pile 5 is released, and the lifting equipment 2 lifts the vibrating hammer to hit the foundation pile 5 after self-sinking until the pile sinking operation of the foundation pile 5 is completed; It is noted that during the self-sinking and driving process of the foundation pile 5, all the guide rollers in the pile gripper 42 guide the foundation pile 5, and the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel monitors the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 in real time, and adjusts the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 by adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile gripper 42 and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each arm 45 in the pile gripper 42, so as to ensure the pile sinking accuracy of the foundation pile 5; according to this process, three foundation piles 5 are respectively sunk by the other three outward-extended pile grippers 42, thereby completing the pile sinking operation of four foundation piles 5 in two adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at the current ship position.

[0053] S4, retract the telescopic ends of all the arms 45 of the four pile grippers 42 to zero position, so that the pile grippers 42 are disengaged from the sunken foundation piles 5, and then retract the four pile grippers 42 into the boundary of the hull 1; loosen the anchor cables 11 of the two anchor windlasses on the rear side of the hull 1, and use the two anchor windlasses on the front side of the hull 1 to twist the hull 1 forward. The forward movement distance of the hull 1 is equal to the center distance of the three adjacent rows of foundation piles 5 in front and behind. The anchor cables 11 of the two anchor windlasses on the rear side of the hull 1 are jumped over the sunken foundation piles 5 and then tightened; execute steps S2 to S3 again, thereby completing the pile sinking operation of the four foundation piles 5 in the two adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at the current ship position.

[0054] S5. Repeat step S4 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of foundation piles 5 in two adjacent rows on the left and right is completed; it can be understood that the photovoltaic construction vessel completes the pile sinking operation of four foundation piles 5 at each ship position.

[0055] S6. Move the photovoltaic construction vessel to the position 51 between two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5, and repeat steps S2 to S5 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of foundation piles 5 is completed.

[0056] In the above exemplary embodiment, during the pile sinking operation, the hull 1 is first roughly positioned, and then the position 51 of the foundation pile 5 to be sunk and the verticality are accurately adjusted in real time by adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile gripper 42 relative to the hull 1 and / or the telescopic length of the support arm 45, thereby improving the accuracy of the pile sinking operation, and the positioning of the hull 1 does not need to be too accurate, which reduces the difficulty of the pile sinking operation, and four foundation piles 5 can be sunk in one ship position, thereby improving the efficiency of the pile sinking operation; furthermore, during the pile sinking process of the foundation pile 5 that has entered the pile gripper 42, the hull 1 can adapt to the tide level by setting the guide rollers at the telescopic end of the pile gripper 42 and its support arm 45 The hull 1 is not easily moved, and the pile sinking operation is performed under the condition that the hull 1 is floating. Even if the hull 1 is grounded due to too low a tide during the pile sinking process, the position 51 of the foundation pile 5 to be sunk and the verticality thereof can still be accurately adjusted in real time by adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile gripper 42 relative to the hull 1 and / or the telescopic length of the support arm 45, thereby realizing the pile sinking operation under the condition that the hull 1 is floating. Therefore, the present exemplary embodiment can accurately adjust the pile position in real time when the hull 1 is floating or grounded, thereby reducing the influence of the tide on the pile sinking operation, increasing the construction window period, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the pile sinking operation.

[0057] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the drive mechanism 46 includes a first hydraulic cylinder comprising a first cylinder barrel 461 and a first piston rod 462 slidably connected within the first cylinder barrel 461. The first cylinder barrel 461 is connected to the deck of the hull 1, with the axial direction of the first cylinder barrel 461 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the guide rail. The end of the first piston rod 462 facing away from the first cylinder barrel 461 is connected to the pile gripper 42. A measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel communicates with the first hydraulic cylinder to monitor and control the stroke of the first piston rod 462 in real time. This illustrative embodiment details the structural arrangement of the drive mechanism 46. When the drive mechanism 46 operates under the control of the measurement and control system, the first piston rod 462 moves along the first cylinder barrel 461, thereby driving the pile gripper 42 along the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 41. By adjusting the stroke of the first piston rod 462, the extension distance of the pile gripper 42 relative to the hull 1 can be controlled.

[0058] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the support arm 45 includes a second hydraulic cylinder, and the second hydraulic cylinder includes a second cylinder barrel 451 and a second piston rod 452 slidably connected within the second cylinder barrel 451; the second cylinder barrel 451 is connected to the pile gripper 42, and the axial direction of the second cylinder barrel 451 is parallel to the telescopic direction of the support arm 45; a guiding roller is provided at one end of the second piston rod 452 away from the second cylinder barrel 451. The measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the second hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the second piston rod 452 in real time. In this illustrative embodiment, the structural arrangement of the support arm 45 is refined; when the support arm 45 operates under the command of the measurement and control system, the second piston rod 452 moves along the second cylinder barrel 451. By regulating the working stroke of the second piston rod 452, the extension length of the telescopic end of the support arm 45 can be regulated, so that the pile gripper 42 can hold or release the foundation pile 5.

[0059] In some embodiments, a GPS positioning device and a hull inclinometer are provided on the hull 1; before performing step S1, a calibration step is further included, and the calibration step is carried out in a dock, and the calibration step includes:

[0060] J1. Adjust the working stroke of the first piston rod 462 in each driving mechanism 46 to the zero position, so that each pile gripper 42 is retracted within the boundary of the hull 1; also adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod 452 in each support arm 45 to the zero position, so that the support arm 45 is retracted to the shortest length.

[0061] J2. Calibrate the initial positional relationship between the U-shaped center of each pile gripper 42 and the GPS positioning device, and calibrate the initial positional relationship between each second piston rod 452 and the GPS positioning device.

[0062] During the execution of steps S2 to S6, the measurement and control system obtains the position and attitude of the hull 1, and the working strokes of each first piston rod 462 and second piston rod 452 in real time, and combines them with the calibration results of step J2 to know the U-shaped center position of the pile gripper 42, the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 in real time, so as to be able to make real-time and precise adjustments to the position 51 and verticality of the foundation pile 5 to be sunk, and ensure the accuracy of the pile sinking operation.

[0063] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the pile gripper 42 includes a frame body 43. The frame body 43 includes a back frame 431 and two side frames 432 connected to both ends of the back frame 431 in the length direction, so that the frame body 43 is in a U shape and the open direction of its U shape faces away from the hull 1; the lower parts of the two side frames 432 are respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails 41; one end of the driving mechanism 46 is connected to the deck of the hull 1, and the other end is connected to the back frame 431; each pile gripping assembly 44 includes four telescopic arms 45, and the four telescopic arms 45 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length direction of the guide rail 41. The fixed ends of the telescopic arms 45 are connected to the side frames 432; the four telescopic arms 45 can provide a more stable holding force for the foundation pile 5.

[0064] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 、 Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for installing a photovoltaic panel, which is used to install the photovoltaic panel 6 on multiple foundation piles 5 that have been sunk. The foundation piles 5 are sunk by the aforementioned photovoltaic pile sinking method; the photovoltaic construction ship further includes four sets of lifting top support devices 3 arranged in a square shape on the deck of the hull 1; the method for installing the photovoltaic panel includes the following steps:

[0065] D1. Retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms 45 in the four pile grippers 42 to the zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers 42 within the boundary of the hull 1; move the photovoltaic construction ship between two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5 that have been sunk on the left and right; extend the four pile grippers 42 and make the open ends of their U shapes respectively sleeved outside the four foundation piles 5 in the front and rear adjacent rows on both the left and right sides of the hull 1, and extend all the telescopic arms 45 in each pile gripper 42 to hold the foundation pile 5.

[0066] D2. Hoist a photovoltaic panel 6 above the photovoltaic construction ship, and make the four struts 61 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 align with the four foundation piles 5 in step D1 one by one; first raise the four sets of lifting top support devices 3 on the hull 1 to support the photovoltaic panel 6, and then lower the four sets of lifting top support devices 3 so that the four struts 61 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 are pressed against the four foundation piles 5 in step D1, and use expansion screws to fix the struts 61 to the foundation piles 5, thereby completing the installation operation of the photovoltaic panel 6.

[0067] D3. Retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms 45 in the four pile grippers 42 to the zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers 42 within the boundary of the hull 1; move the photovoltaic construction ship between another four foundation piles 5, and repeat steps D1 - D2 to complete the installation operations of multiple photovoltaic panels 6.

[0068] In the above-mentioned illustrative embodiment, when the photovoltaic panels 6 are installed, the photovoltaic construction vessel can shuttle between two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5, and the photovoltaic construction vessel is connected to the four sunken foundation piles 5 by holding the piles, so as to avoid changes in the posture of the hull 1. In addition, the setting of the guide rollers in the pile holder 42 can enable the hull 1 to better adapt to changes in the tide level, so that the installation of the photovoltaic panels 6 is not affected by the tide level, the construction window period is increased, and the efficiency and convenience of the photovoltaic panel 6 installation operation are improved.

[0069] In some embodiments, after step D1 is completed, the measurement and control system combines the current position and posture of the hull 1, the working stroke of each first piston rod 462 and the second piston rod 452, and the calibration result of step J2 to obtain the real-time positions of the four foundation piles 5 held by the four pile grippers 42 on the hull 1, and compares the real-time positions with the theoretical positions of the four foundation piles 5. If the position deviation of any foundation pile 5 exceeds a preset tolerance value, the working stroke of the second piston rod 452 in the pile gripper 42 holding the foundation pile 5 is adjusted, that is, the extension length of the support arm 45 in the pile gripper 42 is adjusted to push the foundation pile 5 to move slightly, so as to fine-tune the position of the foundation pile 5.

[0070] In the above-mentioned illustrative embodiment, after the hull 1 and the four sunken foundation piles 5 are embraced and before the photovoltaic panels 6 are installed, the positions of the four sunken foundation piles 5 are checked, and the positions of the sunken foundation piles 5 whose verification results are out of tolerance are fine-tuned by adjusting the extension length of the support arm 45 in the pile gripper 42, thereby avoiding the abnormal situation in which the subsequent photovoltaic panels 6 are difficult to install due to the displacement of the sunken foundation piles 5 due to large wind and wave currents, thereby ensuring the smooth installation of the photovoltaic panels 6.

[0071] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the lifting support device 3 includes a third hydraulic cylinder, which includes a third cylinder barrel 31 and a third piston rod 32 slidably connected to the third cylinder barrel 31. The third cylinder barrel 31 is connected to the deck of the hull 1, and the axial direction of the third cylinder barrel 31 is perpendicular to the deck surface; the end of the third piston rod 32 facing away from the third cylinder barrel 31 is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel 6. The measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicated with the third hydraulic cylinder to monitor and control the working stroke of the third piston rod 32 in real time. This schematic embodiment refines the structural setting of the lifting support device 3; when the lifting support device 3 works under the command of the measurement and control system, the third piston rod 32 moves along the third cylinder barrel 31 to support and lift the photovoltaic panel 6 to be installed.

[0072] In summary, the photovoltaic pile driving method and photovoltaic panel installation method of the present invention can accurately adjust the pile driving position in real time when the hull 1 is floating or sitting on the bottom, reducing the influence of the tide level on the pile driving operation, and four foundation piles 5 can be driven under each ship position, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the pile driving operation; when the photovoltaic panel 6 is installed, the posture of the hull 1 is prevented from changing by holding the pile, so that the hull 1 can better adapt to the change of the tide level, the installation of the photovoltaic panel 6 is not affected by the tide level, and the efficiency and convenience of the photovoltaic panel 6 installation operation are improved; therefore, the present invention can integrate the offshore photovoltaic construction, reduce the investment in ship machinery, increase the construction window period, reduce the cost of offshore photovoltaic construction, improve the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction, and provide a strong guarantee for the continuous and efficient operation of the offshore photovoltaic industrialization.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention may still be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of these should be included in the scope of the technical solutions for which protection is sought.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic pile driving method, characterized in that: Using a photovoltaic construction vessel to carry out the pile sinking operation of foundation piles; the photovoltaic construction vessel includes a hull, a lifting device, four anchor winches and four pile-holding devices; the four anchor winches are respectively arranged at the four corners of the hull; the lifting device is arranged on the deck of the hull; the four pile-holding devices are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the left and right sides of the hull, and each pile-holding device includes: Two relatively arranged guide rails, which are arranged on the deck of the hull, and the length direction of the guide rails is consistent with the left and right direction of the hull; A pile holder, which is slidably connected to the two guide rails, and the pile holder can reciprocate along the length direction of the two guide rails under the drive of a driving mechanism to extend beyond the hull boundary or retract within the hull boundary; the pile holder is in a U shape and the open direction of its U shape faces away from the hull, and two pile-holding components are arranged at intervals up and down within the open U shape of the pile holder; each pile-holding component includes at least three telescopic arms, and all the arms are arranged at equal angular intervals around the center of the U shape of the pile holder. The arms have telescopic ends that extend and contract towards the center of the U shape, and a guiding roller is provided at the telescopic end. The wheel surface of the guiding roller is used to press against the outer wall of the foundation pile during the pile sinking operation so that the pile-holding component holds the foundation pile; The photovoltaic pile sinking method includes the following steps: S1. Before the photovoltaic construction vessel enters the water, retract the four pile holders within the hull boundary, and retract the telescopic ends of all the arms in each pile holder to the zero position; the photovoltaic construction vessel enters the water and moves to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in two adjacent columns on the left and right. S2. Extend the four pile holders on the hull and make the centers of their U shapes respectively correspond to the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in the four front and rear adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull at this time, and anchor and position the hull. S3. The lifting device hoists a foundation pile and stands it upright, and sends the foundation pile into the pile holder through one side of the open U shape of the extended pile holder; all the arms in the pile holder extend to hold the foundation pile, and by adjusting the extension distance of the pile holder and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each arm in the pile holder, adjust the position and verticality of the foundation pile in place; the foundation pile starts to sink by itself, and after the self-sinking is completed, disconnect the connection between the lifting device and the foundation pile, and the lifting device hoists a vibratory hammer to drive the foundation pile after self-sinking until the pile sinking operation of the foundation pile is completed; during the self-sinking and driving process of the foundation pile, monitor and adjust the position and verticality of the foundation pile in real time; according to this process, carry out the pile sinking operations of the three foundation piles through the other three extended pile holders respectively, so as to complete the pile sinking operations of the four foundation piles in the four front and rear adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull at the current ship position. S4. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms in the four pile holders to the zero position, and then retract the four pile holders within the hull boundary; loosen the anchor cables of the two anchor winches at the rear side of the hull, and use the two anchor winches at the front side of the hull to绞移 the hull forward. The forward movement distance of the hull is equal to the center distance of three adjacent rows of foundation piles in the front and rear. After the anchor cables of the two anchor winches at the rear side of the hull pass over the sunk foundation piles, tighten them again; execute steps S2 - S3 again to complete the pile driving operation of the four foundation piles in two adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull at the current ship position; S5. Repeat step S4 until the pile driving operation of multiple rows of foundation piles in the front and rear of two adjacent columns on the left and right is completed; S6. Move the photovoltaic construction ship to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be driven in two adjacent columns on the left and right, and repeat steps S2 - S5 until the pile driving operation of multiple rows of foundation piles in multiple columns on the left and right and in the front and rear is completed.

2. The photovoltaic pile driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder includes a first cylinder barrel and a first piston rod slidably connected within the first cylinder barrel. The first cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and the end of the first piston rod背离 the first cylinder barrel is connected to the pile holder; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the first hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the first piston rod in real time.

3. The photovoltaic pile sinking method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arm includes a second hydraulic cylinder. The second hydraulic cylinder includes a second cylinder barrel and a second piston rod slidably connected within the second cylinder barrel. The second cylinder barrel is connected to the pile holder, and the guiding roller is provided at the end of the second piston rod背离 the second cylinder barrel; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the second hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the second piston rod in real time.

4. The photovoltaic pile sinking method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hull is equipped with a GPS positioning device and a hull inclinometer; before executing step S1, it further includes a calibration step. The calibration step is carried out in the shipyard and includes: J1. Adjust the working stroke of the first piston rod in each driving mechanism to the zero position so that each pile holder is retracted within the hull boundary; also adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in each arm to the zero position; J2. Calibrate the initial positional relationship between the U-shaped center of each pile holder and the GPS positioning device, and calibrate the initial positional relationship between each second piston rod and the GPS positioning device; During the execution of steps S2 - S6, the measurement and control system obtains the hull position and attitude, and the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod in real time, and combines them with the calibration results of step J2 to know the U-shaped center position of the pile holder, the position and垂直度 of the foundation pile in real time.

5. The photovoltaic pile driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile holder includes a frame body. The frame body includes a back frame and two side frames connected to both ends in the length direction of the back frame, so that the frame body is U-shaped and the opening direction of its U-shape背离 the hull; the lower parts of the two side frames are respectively slidably connected to two guide rails; one end of the driving mechanism is connected to the hull deck, and the other end is connected to the back frame; each pile holding component includes four telescopic arms, and the four arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length direction of the guide rails, and the arms are connected to the side frames.

6. A method for installing a photovoltaic panel, for installing a photovoltaic panel on a plurality of piles that have been sunk, characterized in that: The base piles are driven by the photovoltaic pile driving method as described in claim 4; the photovoltaic construction ship further includes four sets of lifting and supporting devices arranged in a square shape on the ship's deck; the photovoltaic panel installation method includes the following steps: D1. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms of the four pile holders to the zero position, and then retract the four pile holders within the ship's boundary; the photovoltaic construction ship moves between the base piles of two adjacent rows of piles that have been driven; the four pile holders extend outwards and their U-shaped openings are respectively sleeved outside the four base piles of the front and rear adjacent rows on both sides of the ship, and all the arms in each pile holder extend to hold the base piles; D2. Hoist a photovoltaic panel above the photovoltaic construction ship, and align the four struts on the back of the photovoltaic panel with the four base piles in step D1; the four sets of lifting and supporting devices on the ship first rise to support the photovoltaic panel, and then the four sets of lifting and supporting devices lower so that the four struts on the back of the photovoltaic panel are pressed against the four base piles in step D1, and the struts are fixed to the base piles by using expansion screws, thereby completing the installation operation of the photovoltaic panel; D3. Repeat steps D1 to D2 to complete the installation operations of multiple photovoltaic panels.

7. The photovoltaic panel installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step D1 is completed, the measurement and control system combines the ship's position and attitude at this time, the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod with the calibration results in step J2 to obtain the real-time position conditions of the four base piles, and compares them with the theoretical positions of the four base piles. If the position deviation of any one of the base piles exceeds the preset tolerance value, adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in the pile holder holding the base pile to finely adjust the position of the base pile to the proper position.

8. The photovoltaic panel installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting and supporting device includes a third hydraulic cylinder, the third hydraulic cylinder includes a third cylinder barrel and a third piston rod slidably connected in the third cylinder barrel, the third cylinder barrel is connected to the ship's deck, and the end of the third piston rod背离 the third cylinder barrel is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel.

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