Foamed aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device

Abstract

The invention discloses a foamed aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device, and relates to the technical field of foamed aluminum shock absorption and energy absorption devices, the foamed aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device comprises an outer layer aluminum plate, a first foamed aluminum body, a base plate, a spring and an energy absorption unit, and the energy absorption unit comprises a moving block, a rubber body, a second foamed aluminum body and an energy absorption box; the outer-layer aluminum plate and the first foamed aluminum body form a rigid supporting and primary energy absorption layer, and the foamed aluminum porous structure is used for absorbing initial impact. The energy absorption units connected through the springs form secondary elastic buffering, progressive resistance is generated by pressing the circular-truncated-cone-shaped rubber body through the moving blocks, and stress is evenly dispersed in cooperation with the cellular board. A second foamed aluminum body and a rubber body combination are arranged in the energy absorption box, the second foamed aluminum body absorbs residual energy through plastic deformation, and the rubber body elastically deforms to achieve energy conversion. The shock absorption and energy absorption device has high energy absorption efficiency and structural stability, is suitable for a high-strength repeated impact environment, and remarkably improves the shock resistance and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cooling equipment for foam aluminum production, and in particular to a foam aluminum multi-stage shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional shock-absorbing devices often face challenges in high-intensity impact environments, including insufficient energy absorption efficiency, poor structural stability, and a single impact resistance direction. Existing technologies employ single-material or single-layer cushioning structures that struggle to effectively handle complex dynamic loads. For example, when relying solely on a single energy-absorbing material, such as foamed aluminum or rubber, the energy dissipation capacity is limited by the material's inherent plastic deformation threshold. This material can easily reach saturation under severe impact, resulting in a lack of continued energy absorption and even structural collapse.

[0003] At the same time, conventional devices often use vertical buffering designs, which have a poor ability to disperse lateral impact forces. This is especially true in multi-directional, combined impact scenarios, where uneven stress distribution can easily lead to local structural failure. Furthermore, the connection methods of traditional energy-absorbing components often suffer from insufficient mechanical strength. For example, the rubber body and rigid shell are fixed only by simple bonding or snap fastening, which can easily cause interface delamination or detachment under repeated impact, weakening the reliability of the overall structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device is provided to achieve effective multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption.

[0005] The present application provides a foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device, which includes an outer aluminum plate, a first foam aluminum body, a backing plate, a spring and an energy absorption unit, wherein the energy absorption unit includes a moving block, a rubber body, a second foam aluminum body and an energy absorption box; A first accommodating cavity is formed inside the outer aluminum plate, the first foam aluminum body is filled in the first accommodating cavity, the pad is arranged on the outer side wall of the outer aluminum plate, the pad is attached to the side wall of the outer aluminum plate, and the energy absorbing unit is connected to the pad via the spring; An open end is set at one end of the energy absorption box, and a second accommodating cavity is formed inside the energy absorption box. The interior of the second accommodating cavity is filled with the rubber body and the second foam aluminum body. The rubber body and the second foam aluminum body are set separately, and the moving block is accommodated in the open end. One end of the spring is connected to the pad, and the other end of the spring is connected to the moving block. When the outer aluminum plate is subjected to force and moves laterally, the moving block is pressed onto the rubber body under the drive of the spring.

[0006] Furthermore, the rubber body and the second foam aluminum body are respectively arranged along the length direction of the energy absorption box, and the rubber body is arranged close to the open end.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of the pads are spaced apart along the height direction of the outer aluminum plate, and each of the pads is connected to two of the energy absorbing units.

[0008] Furthermore, the other side of the outer aluminum plate on which the pad is arranged is the force-bearing side of the foam aluminum multi-stage shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device.

[0009] Furthermore, the spring is arranged in a horizontal direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the rubber body is in a truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the rubber body gradually increases in a direction from one end connected to the spring to the other end of the rubber body.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting cavity is provided at the end of the rubber body, and the connecting cavity is used to connect the spring. A plug-in ring is provided at the other end of the rubber body, and the plug-in ring is provided on the rubber body at one end away from the connecting cavity. The plug-in ring is connected to the gap between the second foam aluminum body and the inner wall of the energy absorption box.

[0012] Furthermore, the plug-in ring is arranged around the end surface of the rubber body and the plug-in ring is arranged to protrude from the end surface of the rubber body.

[0013] Furthermore, a honeycomb panel is provided inside the cavity surrounded by the plug-in ring, and two sides of the honeycomb panel are respectively fitted with the end surface of the rubber body and the end surface of the second foam aluminum body.

[0014] The embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: (1) The outer aluminum plate and the first aluminum foam body form the primary energy absorption layer, utilizing the high porosity of the aluminum foam material to absorb the initial impact energy, while maintaining the overall shape of the device through the rigid support of the outer aluminum plate. The spring connects the pad and the moving block of the energy absorption unit to form a secondary buffer mechanism. When subjected to lateral force, the elastic deformation of the spring converts the impact force into kinetic energy, and the directional control of the energy transfer path is achieved through the pressing action of the moving block on the rubber body; (2) The truncated cone-shaped structure of the rubber body allows its contact area to gradually expand during compression, forming a progressive resistance. Combined with the honeycomb pore structure of the honeycomb panel, it effectively enhances the energy dissipation efficiency. The combination of the second foam aluminum body and the rubber body in the energy absorption box constitutes a three-level energy absorption system. The former absorbs the remaining impact energy through plastic deformation, while the latter uses elastic deformation to achieve energy conversion. The special structure of the plug-in ring not only strengthens the connection strength between the rubber body and the energy absorption box, but also prevents the component from falling off under severe impact. The double-sided bonding of the honeycomb panel is arranged between the rubber body and the second foam aluminum body, which ensures the continuity of energy transfer.

[0015] (3) The multi-stage energy absorption units are arranged at intervals along the height direction to form a spatial energy dissipation network, and the horizontal arrangement of the springs forms a three-dimensional buffer system that can simultaneously cope with impact loads in different directions. This structure uses the synergistic effect of material properties and mechanical structure to enable each energy absorption component to start sequentially during the impact process, achieving timing optimization of energy absorption, avoiding premature failure of the single-stage structure, and significantly extending the impact resistance life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local structure of a foam aluminum multi-stage shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device provided in an embodiment of the present application is exemplified. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0019] To further illustrate the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the following is a detailed description of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Although the embodiments of the present application provide the method operation steps as shown in the following embodiments or drawings, more or fewer operation steps may be included in the method based on routine or no creative work. In steps where there is no necessary causal relationship logically, the execution order of these steps is not limited to the execution order provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] refer to Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present application provides a foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device, which includes an outer aluminum plate 1, a first foam aluminum body 2, a pad 3, a spring 4 and an energy absorption unit, and the energy absorption unit includes a moving block 5, a rubber body 6, a second foam aluminum body 7 and an energy absorption box 8.

[0021] The other side of the outer aluminum plate 1 where the pad 3 is provided is the force-bearing side of the foam aluminum multi-stage shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device. A first accommodating cavity is formed inside the outer aluminum plate 1, and the first foam aluminum body 2 is filled inside the first accommodating cavity.

[0022] When the stressed side experiences an impact, the outer aluminum plate 1 evenly transfers the load to the internal first aluminum foam body 2 and subsequent shock-absorbing structure, avoiding localized stress concentration. The aluminum plate itself possesses a certain degree of rigidity and impact resistance. During the initial impact, it absorbs some of the energy through elastic deformation, slowing the impact transmission and buying time for subsequent multi-stage shock absorption.

[0023] The first accommodating cavity is used to fill the first foam aluminum body 2. The closed structure of the outer aluminum plate 1 can fix the position of the foam aluminum to prevent it from shifting or falling off during impact, while also providing physical protection for internal components.

[0024] Leveraging the porous structure of aluminum foam, plastic deformation achieves initial dissipation of impact energy, serving as the first stage of multi-stage shock absorption. The first aluminum foam body 2 fills the first accommodating cavity of the outer aluminum plate 1. When the outer aluminum plate 1 deforms under impact, the pore structure of the aluminum foam collapses and plastically deforms, converting the impact kinetic energy into material deformation energy, significantly reducing the efficiency of impact load transmission.

[0025] A pad 3 is provided on the outer side wall of the outer aluminum plate 1 , and the pad 3 is arranged in contact with the side wall of the outer aluminum plate 1 . The energy absorbing unit is connected to the pad 3 via a spring 4 , and the spring 4 is arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0026] The backing plate 3 is attached to the outer wall of the outer aluminum plate 1, directly absorbing the lateral impact load transmitted by the outer aluminum plate 1 and transmitting the force to the energy-absorbing unit's movable block 5 via a horizontally arranged spring 4. Its rigid structure ensures stable horizontal force transmission, preventing energy leakage due to loose connections. It also guides the energy-absorbing unit's movement in the predetermined (horizontal) direction, ensuring that the movable block 5 precisely presses against the rubber body 6, triggering the subsequent energy absorption mechanism.

[0027] A plurality of pads 3 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the outer aluminum plate 1 , and each pad 3 is connected to two energy absorbing units to form a shock absorbing structural layout with multi-point support and symmetrical distribution.

[0028] The pad 3 provides a fixed fulcrum for the spring 4 and the energy absorbing unit, and is rigidly connected to the outer aluminum plate 1 by bolts or welding, so as to ensure that the energy absorbing unit maintains its initial position when not in operation.

[0029] One end of the spring 4 is fixed to the pad 3, and the other end is connected to the moving block 5, which can limit the movement trajectory of the energy absorbing unit, prevent it from deflecting or flipping during the impact process, and ensure the effective contact and pressing efficiency between the rubber body 6 and the moving block 5.

[0030] One end of the moving block 5 is rigidly connected to the spring 4 (the other end of the spring 4 is fixed to the backing plate 3). The other end is embedded in the open end of the energy absorption box 8 and directly acts on the rubber body 6. When the outer aluminum plate 1 is displaced by a lateral impact, the elastic force generated by the deformation of the spring 4 drives the moving block 5 into the energy absorption box 8, converting the elastic potential energy of the spring 4 into a dynamic pressing force on the rubber body 6.

[0031] The moving block 5 is housed within the open end of the energy absorption box 8. Its trajectory is strictly defined by the inner wall of the energy absorption box 8 and the horizontal orientation of the spring 4, ensuring that it moves only in a horizontal, linear direction. This design prevents loss of force transmission efficiency due to deviation or rotation during movement, allowing the moving block 5 to precisely press into the connecting cavity 62 of the rubber body 6.

[0032] A plurality of pads 3 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the outer aluminum plate 1 , and each pad 3 is connected to two energy absorbing units.

[0033] An open end is set at one end of the energy absorption box 8, and a second accommodating cavity is formed inside the energy absorption box 8. The interior of the second accommodating cavity is filled with a rubber body 6 and a second foam aluminum body 7. The rubber body 6 and the second foam aluminum body 7 are set separately, and the rubber body 6 and the second foam aluminum body 7 are set separately along the length direction of the energy absorption box 8, and the rubber body 6 is set close to the open end.

[0034] The moving block 5 is accommodated in the open end, one end of the spring 4 is connected to the pad 3, and the other end of the spring 4 is connected to the moving block 5. When the outer aluminum plate 1 is subjected to force and moves laterally, the moving block 5 is pressed onto the rubber body 6 under the drive of the spring 4.

[0035] The rubber body 6 is in a truncated cone shape. The outer diameter of the rubber body 6 gradually increases in a direction from one end connected to the spring 4 to the other end of the rubber body 6 .

[0036] The rubber body 6 is truncated cone-shaped, with its outer diameter gradually increasing from one end connected to the spring 4 to the other. When the movable block 5 is pressed together by the spring 4, the truncated cone structure's radial expansion is hindered, generating lateral shear forces that convert the impact kinetic energy into internal energy. Compared to traditional cylindrical rubber, the truncated cone design produces a gradient stress distribution through cross-sectional variations, extending the energy dissipation path and improving energy absorption efficiency per unit volume.

[0037] The plug-in ring at the large end of the cone fits into the gap between the second aluminum foam body and the inner wall of the energy absorption box. The annular protrusion forms a rigid fulcrum, transferring part of the load directly to the energy absorption box shell, achieving a synergistic effect between the rubber body's flexible energy dissipation and the energy absorption box's rigid support. Furthermore, the honeycomb panels surrounding the plug-in ring limit excessive radial expansion of the cone structure, absorb high-frequency impact energy, and evenly distribute load, preventing localized tearing of the rubber body due to overload and improving overall durability.

[0038] A connecting cavity 62 is provided at the end of the rubber body 6, and the connecting cavity 62 is used to connect the spring 4. A plug-in ring 61 is provided at the other end of the rubber body 6. The plug-in ring 61 is provided on the end of the rubber body 6 away from the connecting cavity 62, and the plug-in ring 61 is connected to the gap between the second foam aluminum body 7 and the inner wall of the energy absorption box 8.

[0039] A connecting cavity 62 is provided near one end of the rubber body 6 near the spring 4, forming an embedded fit with the end of the moving block 5, ensuring that the horizontal force transmitted by the spring 4 acts perpendicularly on the axis of the rubber body 6, avoiding lateral slippage or stress concentration caused by eccentric loads.

[0040] The purpose of connecting cavity 62 is to achieve precise connection and force transmission control between moving block 5 and rubber body 6, ensuring that the horizontal load transmitted by spring 4 acts vertically and stably on rubber body 6, thereby avoiding energy loss or component failure caused by structural defects in the connection. By fitting with the end of moving block 5, the connection position between the two is defined. When the elastic potential energy of spring 4 is converted into the axial compressive force of moving block 5 on rubber body 6, the line of force applied strictly follows the axis of rubber body 6, eliminating the risk of lateral slip caused by eccentric loads and improving the accuracy of force transmission.

[0041] Furthermore, stress concentration in a local area of the rubber body 6 can be avoided, and the load can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the connecting cavity 62 through the embedded structure, preventing the rubber body 6 from tearing or premature failure due to eccentric stress, thereby improving the durability of the component.

[0042] The moving block 5 moves linearly in the horizontal direction within the energy absorbing box 8, forming a cooperative relationship with the truncated cone structure of the rubber body 6, so that the rubber body 6 can produce the expected radial expansion and lateral shear deformation along the axial direction when under pressure, and give full play to its role in dissipating impact energy through the conversion of internal energy of the material.

[0043] The plug-in ring 61 surrounds and protrudes from the end surface of the rubber body 6. The plug-in ring 61 surrounds and protrudes from the end surface of the rubber body, inserting into the gap between the second foam aluminum body and the inner wall of the energy absorption box. The annular protrusion structure rigidly fixes the rubber body in the energy absorption box, limiting its axial displacement and ensuring that the rubber body maintains its initial position during impact, avoiding force transmission failure caused by displacement.

[0044] The plug-in ring 61 at the other end of the rubber body 6 fits into the gap between the second foam aluminum body 7 and the inner wall of the energy absorption box 8, securing the rubber body 6 within the energy absorption box 8 via the annular protrusion. This not only limits the axial displacement of the rubber body 6 but also, through the rigid contact between the plug-in ring 61 and the energy absorption box 8, transfers part of the load directly to the shell of the energy absorption box 8, achieving a synergistic effect between the flexible energy dissipation of the rubber body 6 and the rigid support of the energy absorption box 8.

[0045] When the moving block 5 presses the rubber body 6 , the plug-in ring 61 serves as a fulcrum of the rubber body 6 and can directly transmit part of the impact load to the shell of the energy absorption box 8 and the second foam aluminum body 7 .

[0046] A honeycomb panel 9 is disposed inside the cavity surrounded by the plug-in ring 61 , and two sides of the honeycomb panel 9 are respectively in contact with the end surface of the rubber body 6 and the end surface of the second foam aluminum body 7 .

[0047] The cavity enclosed by the splice ring 61 houses the honeycomb panel 9, with its sides respectively attached to the end faces of the rubber body 6 and the second aluminum foam body 7. The cavity enclosed by the splice ring provides a mounting boundary for the honeycomb panel, creating a rigid transition layer between the rubber body and the second aluminum foam. The honeycomb panel, supported by the splice ring, balances load distribution, absorbs high-frequency energy, and limits excessive expansion of the rubber body.

[0048] The honeycomb structure of the honeycomb panel 9 undergoes progressive plastic deformation when subjected to pressure, through cell wall collapse. This absorbs high-frequency impact energy and inhibits excessive expansion of the rubber body 6. Furthermore, the honeycomb panel 9, acting as a rigid interlayer, balances the load distribution between the rubber body 6 and the second aluminum foam body 7, preventing tearing of the rubber body 6 due to localized overload and improving the durability of the energy-absorbing unit.

[0049] The honeycomb panel 9 is set in the cavity surrounded by the plug ring 61, and its two sides are respectively attached to the end surface of the rubber body 6 and the second foam aluminum body 7. The annular protrusion of the plug ring 61 provides an installation boundary for the honeycomb panel 9, making it a rigid transition layer between the rubber body 6 and the second foam aluminum.

[0050] When the rubber body 6 expands radially under pressure, the honeycomb panel 9 absorbs the high-frequency vibration energy through cell wall collapse, while limiting excessive deformation of the rubber body 6 and preventing failure due to excessive expansion. Furthermore, the planar rigidity of the honeycomb panel 9 balances the load transmitted by the splice ring 61, preventing local overload on the end face of the rubber body 6.

[0051] The honeycomb panel 9 is bonded to the end faces of the rubber body 6 and the second aluminum foam body 7 on both sides, forming a sandwich structure. When the rubber body 6 is pressed by the movable block 5 and generates an axial load, the honeycomb panel 9 distributes the concentrated force into a surface load through its in-plane rigid support, preventing tearing at the ends of the rubber body 6 due to localized excessive stress. At the same time, the second aluminum foam body 7 is evenly subjected to the compressive load, fully utilizing the plastic deformation and energy absorption properties of its porous structure. This uniform distribution of forces increases the load tolerance of the energy-absorbing unit and prevents single component failure due to overload.

[0052] Compared with the low-frequency elastic deformation of the rubber body 6 and the low-frequency plastic deformation of the second foam aluminum, the honeycomb panel 9 can specifically dissipate the high-frequency components in the impact load, filling the gap in the multi-stage shock absorption system in broadband energy absorption, so that the device can effectively consume energy under impact conditions of different frequencies.

[0053] The planar rigidity of the honeycomb panel 9 provides radial support for the rubber body 6, limiting the excessive radial expansion of its truncated cone-shaped structure when under pressure, thereby preventing the rubber body 6 from losing its energy absorption capacity due to deformation beyond the design range.

[0054] The rubber body mainly dissipates energy through low-frequency elastic deformation, the second foam aluminum absorbs energy through low-frequency plastic deformation, and the honeycomb structure of the honeycomb panel produces plastic deformation through the progressive collapse of the cell wall when under pressure, which can specifically absorb the high-frequency components of the impact load, filling the gap in the multi-stage shock absorption system in broadband energy absorption, so that the device can effectively dissipate energy under different frequency impact conditions.

[0055] The honeycomb panel 9 serves as a rigid interlayer, which can disperse the concentrated load transmitted by the rubber body into a surface load, thereby preventing the rubber body from tearing due to excessive local stress. At the same time, it allows the second foam aluminum body to bear a uniform compression load, giving full play to the energy absorption characteristics of its porous structure, improving the load tolerance of the energy absorption unit, and preventing single components from failing due to overload.

[0056] When the rubber body 6 expands radially under pressure, the honeycomb panel 9 provides radial support through planar rigidity, limiting excessive expansion of its truncated cone structure and preventing the rubber body from losing its energy absorption capacity due to deformation beyond the design range. At the same time, the rigid transition effect of the honeycomb panel can balance the load transmitted by the plug-in ring, suppress the stress mutation between the rubber body and the second foam aluminum body, and extend the service life of the component.

[0057] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device, characterized in that: It includes an outer aluminum plate, a first foam aluminum body, a pad, a spring and an energy absorbing unit, wherein the energy absorbing unit includes a moving block, a rubber body, a second foam aluminum body and an energy absorbing box; A first accommodating cavity is formed inside the outer aluminum plate, the first foam aluminum body is filled in the first accommodating cavity, the pad is arranged on the outer side wall of the outer aluminum plate, the pad is attached to the side wall of the outer aluminum plate, and the energy absorbing unit is connected to the pad via the spring; An open end is set at one end of the energy absorption box, and a second accommodating cavity is formed inside the energy absorption box. The interior of the second accommodating cavity is filled with the rubber body and the second foam aluminum body. The rubber body and the second foam aluminum body are set separately, and the moving block is accommodated in the open end. One end of the spring is connected to the pad, and the other end of the spring is connected to the moving block. When the outer aluminum plate is subjected to force and moves laterally, the moving block is pressed onto the rubber body under the drive of the spring.

2. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber body and the second foam aluminum body are respectively arranged along the length direction of the energy absorption box, and the rubber body is arranged close to the open end.

3. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the pads are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the outer aluminum plate, and each of the pads is connected to two of the energy absorbing units.

4. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other side of the outer aluminum plate on which the pad is arranged is the force-bearing side of the foam aluminum multi-stage shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device.

5. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is arranged in a horizontal direction.

6. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber body is in a truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the rubber body gradually increases in a direction from one end connected to the spring to the other end of the rubber body.

7. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting cavity is provided at the end of the rubber body, and the connecting cavity is used to connect the spring. A plug-in ring is provided at the other end of the rubber body, and the plug-in ring is provided on the rubber body at one end away from the connecting cavity. The plug-in ring is connected to the gap between the second foam aluminum body and the inner wall of the energy absorption box.

8. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plug-in ring is arranged around the end surface of the rubber body and protrudes from the end surface of the rubber body.

9. The foam aluminum multi-stage shock absorption and energy absorption device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A honeycomb panel is arranged inside the cavity surrounded by the plug-in ring, and two sides of the honeycomb panel are respectively in contact with the end surface of the rubber body and the end surface of the second foam aluminum body.

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