Household garbage multi-stage combustion system

Abstract

The invention relates to a household garbage multi-stage combustion system, and belongs to the technical field of household garbage treatment.The household garbage multi-stage combustion system comprises a slide way and a crusher, the slide way is obliquely arranged downwards, and the crusher is located at the lowest end of the slide way; short columns are rotatably arranged beside the slideways, the center lines of the short columns are perpendicular to the top surfaces of the slideways, and the short columns rotate relative to the slideways; a plurality of partition plates are fixed to the short column, the adjacent partition plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the short column, the intervals are only used for containing single garbage blocks, and the ends, away from the short column, of the partition plates extend to the position above the sliding way. And a spacing assembly is arranged between the sliding way and the short column, the spacing assembly is matched with the sliding-down self weight of the garbage blocks to control whether the short column rotates or not, and the garbage incinerator has the effects that the garbage combustion sufficient degree is improved, and the workload of the second-stage incinerator is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of domestic waste treatment, and in particular to a multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] Domestic waste incineration is a method of treating domestic waste through high-temperature incineration, which can achieve waste reduction, partial harmlessness and resource utilization.

[0003] During transportation, domestic waste is compressed into blocks for easier transport. These blocks are then transported via conveyor belts to a shredder for crushing, and then to an incinerator for incineration. Multi-stage incinerators allow for secondary combustion of incompletely burned waste.

[0004] During the process of garbage incineration, continuously feeding the incinerator or burning a large amount of garbage at one time will result in insufficient combustion of the garbage and increased burden on the secondary incinerator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of garbage combustion and reduce the burden on secondary incinerators, the present application provides a multi-stage combustion system for domestic garbage.

[0006] The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste provided in this application adopts the following technical solutions: A multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste comprises a slide and a crusher, wherein the slide is arranged to be inclined downward, and the crusher is located at the lowest end of the slide; a short column is rotatably arranged beside the slide, the center line of the short column is arranged perpendicular to the top surface of the slide, and the short column is arranged to rotate relative to the slide; a plurality of partition plates are fixed on the short column, and adjacent partition plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the short column and the intervals are only used to accommodate a single piece of waste block, and the partition plate extends away from one end of the short column to above the slide; a spacing component is arranged between the slide and the short column, and the spacing component is used to control whether the short column rotates in conjunction with the sliding weight of the waste block.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the slide is tilted downward so that the garbage blocks can slide down by their own weight. The garbage blocks passing through the partition plate slide down to the partition assembly. The short columns can be rotated by utilizing the sliding weight in conjunction with the partition assembly. The garbage blocks accumulated at the partition plate now rely on their own weight to push the partition plate to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of a single garbage block passing through the partition plate, that is, the single garbage block sliding in front cooperates with the partition assembly to enable the garbage block behind to pass through the partition plate, and finally completes the orderly and intermittent entry of the single garbage block into the crusher. This method effectively controls the feeding rhythm of the garbage, avoids feeding a large amount of material at one time, and enables the garbage entering the incinerator to burn more fully, reducing the processing burden of the secondary incinerator.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of slots are provided on the circumferential side walls of the short column, and a slot corresponds to one slot under a single partition plate. The spacing assembly includes a claw, a lever, a pull rope and a spring. One end of the claw swings in a direction close to or away from the slot. The spring is used to push the end of the claw to swing in a direction close to the slot. The lever is rotatably arranged beside the slide and the rotating shaft is arranged along the length direction of the short column. One end of the lever extends to the top of the slide. One end of the pull rope is fixed to the lever, and the other end is fixed to the end of the claw close to the slot. Along the length direction of the slide, the lever is located below the claw.

[0009] By adopting this technical solution, a spring pushes the end of the claw toward the slot, causing it to engage the slot on the short column and restrict its rotation. When a piece of garbage slides down and presses against the end of the lever above the slide, the lever rotates, pulling the claw through a pull cord to overcome the spring force, disengaging the claw from the slot and allowing the short column to rotate. This allows a single piece of garbage to pass through the partition plate. This structure utilizes the weight of the falling garbage block for automatic control. It is simple and stable, precisely controlling the rotation of the short column and ensuring that each piece of garbage enters the crusher individually, paving the way for subsequent complete garbage combustion.

[0010] Optionally, a movable plate is slidably provided on one side of the slide, and the movable plate is slidably provided along the length direction of the slide, and a shift rod is rotatably provided on the movable plate, and a take-up wheel for pulling the rope is provided on the shift rod.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution and adjusting the position of the movable plate, the interval time for a single piece of garbage to pass through the partition plate can be controlled, and the take-up wheel cooperates with the movement of the movable plate to achieve the tensioning of the pull rope.

[0012] Optionally, a fixed plate is fixed to one side of the slideway, and the short column, the claw and the spring are all arranged on the fixed plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed plate provides a stable installation base for the short column, the claw and the spring.

[0014] Optionally, the take-up wheel is rotatably arranged on the shift rod, the center line of the take-up wheel coincides with the center line of the shift rod, a pin is slidably arranged on the side wall of the take-up wheel, a socket is opened on the shift rod, and the pin is inserted into the socket.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, this design allows the take-up wheel to rotate flexibly when not fixed by a pin, which facilitates the retraction and release adjustment of the rope; when the rope length is adjusted, the take-up wheel is fixed by the pin to prevent it from rotating at will, ensuring the stability of the rope length, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the spacer component in controlling the rotation of the short column.

[0016] Optionally, a conveyor belt is installed at the discharge port of the crusher, and a flap is rotatably provided on the conveyor belt. The flap is located above the conveyor belt, and the rotating axis of the flap is arranged in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt; when the flap is in the vertical state, the bottom end of the flap abuts against the top belt surface of the conveyor belt; a flip component is provided next to the conveyor belt for controlling the flap to rotate intermittently to a horizontal state.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the flap is vertical, it can block the progress of garbage on the conveyor belt, causing the garbage to temporarily accumulate at the crusher discharge port; when the flap is intermittently rotated to a horizontal state, the garbage can pass through, further realizing the intermittent transportation of garbage. Combined with the single-piece garbage feeding controlled by the short column at the front end, the amount of garbage entering the incinerator can be more accurately controlled, thereby improving the degree of garbage combustion and reducing the burden on the secondary incinerator.

[0018] Optionally, the flip assembly includes a motor, a first gear, a second gear, a limit rod and a limit plate, the output shaft of the motor passes through the center of the limit plate and is fixedly connected to the center of the first gear, the first gear is an incomplete gear, the first gear and the second gear are intermittently meshed, the second gear ring is fixed on the rotating shaft of the flap, the limit plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, one end of the limit rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the flap, and the other end abuts against the circumferential outer wall of the limit plate, and a notch is provided on the limit plate for the end of the limit rod to pass through the disc; the range of the notch is used for the entire time period during which the flap rotates from a vertical state to a horizontal state and then resets to a vertical state, and the end of the limit rod is in a non-abutting state with the circumferential outer wall of the limit plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear as an incomplete gear intermittently meshes with the second gear, driving the second gear and the flap rotation shaft to rotate, thereby realizing intermittent rotation of the flap; the limit rod cooperates with the limit disk with a notch. During the rotation of the flap, when the end of the limit rod is located in the notch, the flap can rotate freely. When the end of the limit rod is out of the notch and abuts against the circumferential outer wall of the limit disk, the flap is restricted from continuing to rotate, ensuring that the flap is accurately rotated and reset according to the set angle, ensuring the stability and reliability of intermittent garbage transportation, and effectively controlling the garbage feeding rhythm.

[0020] Optionally, an electromagnet is mounted above the conveyor belt, and the electromagnet is located between the flap and the crusher.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, an electromagnet is installed above the conveyor belt between the flap and the crusher, which can use magnetic force to absorb metal impurities that may exist in the garbage, preventing the metal impurities from entering the incinerator, preventing them from affecting the incineration effect and damaging the incinerator equipment. At the same time, it also helps to improve the quality of the slag after incineration, facilitating the subsequent treatment and utilization of the slag.

[0022] Optionally, the end of the limiting rod is rotatably connected to a roller, and the roller rolls against the circumferential outer wall of the limiting plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the end of the limit rod is rotated to connect the roller, and the roller rolls and abuts against the circumferential outer wall of the limit plate, thereby converting the sliding friction between the limit rod and the limit plate into rolling friction, reducing frictional resistance, reducing the degree of wear of components, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] Optionally, a coil spring for restoring the flap to a vertical state is provided on the rotating shaft of the flap, and the coil spring ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the flap.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, a coil spring is set on the rotating shaft of the flap. When the flap is rotated to a horizontal state, the flap can quickly return to a vertical state under the elastic force of the coil spring, preparing for the next intermittent blocking of garbage, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of intermittent garbage transportation, further improving the control effect of the garbage feeding rhythm, helping to achieve full combustion of garbage and reduce the burden on the secondary incinerator.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Accurately control the feeding rhythm: Through the coordination of short columns, partition boards and spacing components, the weight of garbage blocks is used to achieve orderly feeding of each block, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion caused by feeding a large amount of garbage at one time, and reducing the burden on the secondary incinerator; 2. Dual intermittent conveying mechanism: The front short column controls the entry of single pieces of garbage into the crusher, while the rear conveyor belt flap cooperates with the flip assembly to achieve intermittent feeding. The front and rear linkages accurately control the feed amount to the incinerator, improving combustion efficiency. 3. Impurity filtration and equipment protection: The electromagnet absorbs metal impurities to prevent them from entering the incinerator and damaging the equipment; the limit rod and roller design reduce friction loss, and the coil spring ensures that the flap is quickly reset, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the moving plate and the fixed plate; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure at the gantry; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the flip component.

[0028] In the figure, 1. slide; 2. crusher; 3. fixed plate; 31. short column; 311. slot; 32. partition plate; 4. spacer assembly; 41. claw; 42. lever; 421. socket; 43. pull rope; 44. spring; 5. moving plate; 51. take-up wheel; 52. latch; 6. conveyor belt; 61. electromagnet; 7. gantry; 71. flap; 72. coil spring; 8. flip assembly; 81. motor; 82. first gear; 83. second gear; 84. limit rod; 841. roller; 85. limit disk; 851. notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 4 This application is described in further detail.

[0030] The embodiment of the present application discloses a multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes a downwardly inclined slide 1 and a crusher 2 at the lowest end of the slide 1. A fixed plate 3 is fixed to one side of the slide 1, and a short column 31 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 3. The centerline of the short column 31 is perpendicular to the top surface of the slide 1. A plurality of partition plates 32 are fixed to the circumferential outer wall of the short column 31. Adjacent partition plates 32 are spaced apart along the circumferential outer wall of the short column 31, and the spacing is only used to accommodate a single piece of garbage. The partition plates 32 extend from one end of the short column 31 to the top of the slide 1. A spacing component 4 is provided between the slide 1 and the short column 31. The spacing component 4 cooperates with the weight of the garbage block to control whether the short column 31 rotates. refer to Figure 2A plurality of slots 311 are provided on the circumferential side walls of the short column 31, and one slot 311 corresponds to one slot 311 below a single partition plate 32. The spacing assembly 4 includes a claw 41, a lever 42, a pull rope 43 and a spring 44. One end of the claw 41 is hinged to the fixed plate 3 through a pin, and can swing in the direction close to or away from the slot 311. One end of the spring 44 is connected to the claw 41, and the other end is fixed to the fixed plate 3, and is used to push the end of the claw 41 to swing in the direction close to the slot 311, thereby locking the slot 311 on the short column 31 and limiting the rotation of the short column 31. A movable plate 5 is also slidably provided on one side of the slide 1. The movable plate 5 and the fixed plate 3 are located on the same side of the slide 1, and along the sliding direction of the garbage block on the slide 1, the movable plate 5 is located below the fixed plate 3. The movable plate 5 is slidably mounted along the length of the slideway 1, and a lever 42 is rotatably mounted on the movable plate 5. The rotation axis of the lever 42 is arranged along the length of the short column 31. One end of the lever 42 extends above the slideway 1. One end of a pull rope 43 is fixed to the lever 42, and the other end is fixed to the end of the claw 41 near the slot 311. Along the length of the slideway 1, the lever 42 is located below the claw 41. When a piece of garbage slides down and presses against the end of the lever 42 above the slideway 1, the lever 42 rotates, and the pull rope 43 pulls the claw 41, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 44 and disengaging the claw 41 from the slot 311. At this time, the short column 31 is able to rotate, and the garbage accumulated on the partition plate 32 pushes the partition plate 32 to rotate due to its own weight, allowing a single piece of garbage to pass through the partition plate 32 and enter the crusher 2. Specifically, the sliding manner of the movable plate 5 relative to the slideway 1 can be to open a slide groove or set a slide rail on the slideway 1, the movable plate 5 slides on the slide groove or the slide rail, and then is fixed with conventional bolts. refer to Figure 2 The lever 42 is provided with a take-up reel 51 for retracting and releasing the pull rope 43. The take-up reel 51 is rotatably mounted on the lever 42, with its centerline coinciding with the centerline of the lever 42. A latch 52 is slidably mounted on the sidewall of the take-up reel 51. The lever 42 is provided with a socket 421. The take-up reel 51 is secured by inserting the latch 52 into the socket 421. When adjustments are needed, the latch 52 is pulled out and the take-up reel 51 is rotated to retract and release the pull rope 43. After adjusting the length of the pull rope 43, the latch 52 is reinserted to secure it. Simultaneously, adjusting the position of the movable plate 5 can control the interval between each piece of garbage passing through the partition plate 32, and the take-up reel 51 is used to tension the pull rope 43. refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3A conveyor belt 6 is mounted at the discharge port of the crusher 2. A flap 71 is rotatably mounted above the conveyor belt 6 via a gantry 7. The flap 71 is positioned above the conveyor belt 6, with its axis of rotation arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 6. When the flap 71 is in the vertical position, its bottom end abuts the top surface of the conveyor belt 6. A flip assembly 8 is positioned adjacent to the conveyor belt 6, controlling the flap 71 to periodically rotate to a horizontal position. An electromagnet 61 is mounted above the conveyor belt 6 and between the flap 71 and the crusher 2. When energized, the electromagnet 61 magnetically attracts any metal impurities that may be present in the waste.

[0032] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The flip assembly 8 includes a motor 81, a first gear 82, a second gear 83, a limiting rod 84 and a limiting plate 85. The motor 81 is fixed on the gantry 7. The output shaft of the motor 81 passes through the center of the limiting plate 85 and is fixedly connected to the center of the first gear 82. The limiting plate 85 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 81. The first gear 82 is an incomplete gear. The second gear 83 is fixed in an annular sleeve on the rotating shaft of the flap 71 and intermittently meshes with the first gear 82. One end of the limiting rod 84 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the flap 71, and the other end is rotatably connected to a roller 841. The roller 841 rolls against the circumferential outer wall of the limiting plate 85. The limit plate 85 is provided with a notch 851 for the end of the limit rod 84 to pass through the disc. The range of the notch 851 is used to keep the end of the limit rod 84 and the circumferential outer wall of the limit plate 85 in a non-contact state during the entire time period when the flap 71 rotates from a vertical state to a horizontal state and then returns to a vertical state.

[0033] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the motor 81 drives the first gear 82 to rotate, the first gear 82 and the second gear 83 are intermittently engaged, driving the second gear 83 and the rotating shaft of the flap 71 to rotate, thereby realizing intermittent rotation of the flap 71; the limiting rod 84 cooperates with the limiting plate 85 with a notch 851. During the rotation of the flap 71, when the end of the limiting rod 84 rotates into the notch 851, the limiting rod 84 passes through the notch 851, that is, the flap 71 flips backward from the vertical state to the horizontal state. The cam 72 is fixed to the gantry 7 so that the cam 72 can be rotated to the horizontal position, and the cam 72 can be rotated to the vertical position so that the cam 72 can be rotated to the vertical position.

[0034] The operating principle of a multi-stage household waste incineration system according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: After being squeezed into blocks, the household waste slides down a slideway 1. When the waste blocks slide down to the partition plate 32, they rely on their own weight to squeeze the lever 42, and the short column 31 is rotated by the spacing component 4, so that the individual waste blocks can enter the crusher 2 in an orderly manner. The crushed waste is transported via a conveyor belt 6, and the flap 71 rotates intermittently under the control of the turnover component 8, further achieving intermittent waste transportation and accurately controlling the amount of waste entering the incinerator. During this process, the electromagnet 61 simultaneously absorbs metal impurities, reducing the impact of impurities on the incineration process, ultimately improving the efficiency of waste combustion and effectively reducing the burden on the secondary incinerator.

[0035] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste, comprising a slide (1) and a crusher (2), characterized in that: The slideway (1) is arranged to be tilted downward, and the crusher (2) is located at the lowest end of the slideway (1); a short column (31) is rotatably arranged beside the slideway (1), the center line of the short column (31) is arranged perpendicular to the top surface of the slideway (1), and the short column (31) is arranged to rotate relative to the slideway (1); a plurality of partition plates (32) are fixed on the short column (31), and adjacent partition plates (32) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the short column (31) and the intervals are only used to accommodate a single piece of garbage block, and the partition plate (32) extends from one end of the short column (31) to the top of the slideway (1); a spacing component (4) is arranged between the slideway (1) and the short column (31), and the spacing component (4) cooperates with the sliding deadweight of the garbage block to control whether the short column (31) rotates.

2. A multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slots (311) are provided on the circumferential side wall of the short column (31), and a slot (311) corresponds to one slot (311) below a single partition plate (32). The spacing component (4) includes a claw (41), a lever (42), a pull rope (43) and a spring (44). One end of the claw (41) swings in a direction close to or away from the slot (311), and the spring (44) is used to push the end of the claw (41) to swing in a direction close to the slot (311). The lever (42) is rotatably arranged beside the slideway (1) and the rotation axis is arranged along the length direction of the short column (31). One end of the lever (42) extends above the slideway (1), one end of the pull rope (43) is fixed to the lever (42), and the other end is fixed to the end of the claw (41) close to the slot (311); along the length direction of the slideway (1), the lever (42) is located below the claw (41).

3. A multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: A movable plate (5) is slidably provided on one side of the slideway (1), and the movable plate (5) is slidably provided along the length direction of the slideway (1). A shifting rod (42) is rotatably provided on the movable plate (5), and a take-up wheel (51) for retracting and releasing the pull rope (43) is provided on the shifting rod (42).

4. The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed plate (3) is fixed to one side of the slideway (1), and the short column (31), the claw (41) and the spring (44) are all arranged on the fixed plate (3).

5. The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The take-up wheel (51) is rotatably arranged on the shifting rod (42), and the center line of the take-up wheel (51) coincides with the center line of the shifting rod (42). A latch (52) is slidably arranged on the side wall of the take-up wheel (51), and a socket (421) is provided on the shifting rod (42), and the latch (52) is inserted into the socket (421).

6. The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conveyor belt (6) is mounted at the discharge port of the crusher (2), and a flap (71) is rotatably mounted on the conveyor belt (6). The flap (71) is located above the conveyor belt (6), and a rotation axis of the flap (71) is arranged in a horizontal direction and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (6); when the flap (71) is in a vertical state, the bottom end of the flap (71) abuts against the top surface of the conveyor belt (6); and a flip assembly (8) is arranged next to the conveyor belt (6) for controlling the flap (71) to rotate intermittently to a horizontal state.

7. A multi-stage domestic waste combustion system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flip assembly (8) includes a motor (81), a first gear (82), a second gear (83), a limiting rod (84) and a limiting plate (85). The output shaft of the motor (81) passes through the center of the limiting plate (85) and is fixedly connected to the center of the first gear (82). The first gear (82) is an incomplete gear. The first gear (82) and the second gear (83) are intermittently meshed. The second gear (83) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the flip plate (71) in an annular sleeve. The limiting plate (85) is connected to the motor ( The output shaft of the flap (71) is fixedly connected, one end of the limiting rod (84) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the flap (71), and the other end abuts against the circumferential outer wall of the limiting disk (85), and the limiting disk (85) is provided with a notch (851) for the end of the limiting rod (84) to pass through the disk; the range of the notch (851) is used for the entire time period when the flap (71) rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state and then resets to the vertical state, and the end of the limiting rod (84) is in a non-abutting state with the circumferential outer wall of the limiting disk (85).

8. The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electromagnet (61) is mounted above the conveyor belt (6), and the electromagnet (61) is located between the flap (71) and the crusher (2).

9. The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the limiting rod (84) is rotatably connected to a roller (841), and the roller (841) rolls against the circumferential outer wall of the limiting plate (85).

10. The multi-stage combustion system for domestic waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: A coil spring (72) for returning the flap (71) to a vertical state is provided on the rotation axis of the flap (71), and the coil spring (72) is sleeved on the rotation axis of the flap (71).

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