Corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method and supporting device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a segmented and layered fertilization method and supporting device for corn planting, which belong to the technical field of corn planting. The method comprises a mounting frame, connecting plates are installed at both ends of the mounting frame, a fertilizer box is installed at the upper end of the mounting frame, a connecting bracket is installed on the rear side wall of the mounting frame, a receiving plate is installed on one end of the lower side of the connecting bracket, a connecting roller is movably installed between the connecting plates, an eccentric wheel is installed on the connecting roller, and a pushing component is further installed between the connecting plates, the pushing component is arranged at the lower end of the mounting frame, the upper end of the eccentric wheel, and a toggle component is installed on the receiving plate, and the pushing component is connected to the toggle component; combined with the layered base fertilizer application, the nutrients are supplemented by segmented topdressing, the fertilizer effect release is in line with the nutrient curve required for corn growth, the corn growth will not suffer from fertilization deprivation, the stable and high yield of corn is achieved, the utilization rate of corn fertilizer is comprehensively improved, the efficiency is increased and pollution is reduced, and the disaster resistance of corn can be effectively improved when drought and waterlogging occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of corn planting, and in particular relates to a corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method and a matching device. Background Art

[0002] Corn is a major food crop worldwide, and my country has a long history of corn cultivation. Currently, corn cultivation accounts for approximately 40% of my country's total grain-growing area, making it the primary crop variety grown in the country. Given the high demand for corn in my country, ensuring stable corn production and further increasing corn yields are crucial for my country's overall food security.

[0003] In the past, when corn cultivation in my country was mainly based on manure fertilization, the yield was low, less than 400kg / mu. Due to the development of the chemical industry and the extensive use of chemical fertilizers, corn cultivation in my country began to supplement the nutrients needed for corn growth by applying chemical fertilizers, and corn yields increased significantly. However, due to the continuous deepening of research in recent years, it was found that the current fertilizer application is inconsistent with the fertilizer requirements of corn growth. Specifically, the current fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer application, which is mainly one-time fertilization. The fertilizer effect is released quickly, and the fertilizer effect is low in the later stage. However, the nutrient demand during corn growth is low in the seedling stage and increases rapidly after the jointing stage, resulting in the fertilizer effect being inconsistent with the fertilizer requirement of corn, which directly affects the stable yield of corn and limits the increase in corn yield. Based on the above problems, we have developed a corn layered-segmented fertilization management system and supporting devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method and supporting device, which at least partially solves the above technical problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a corn planting segmented-layered fertilization method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: During the deep loosening process during the corn soil preparation period, apply fertilizer as a base fertilizer at the 10cm, 25cm, and 35cm layers respectively, with a ratio of 1:1:1. The total amount of fertilizer applied accounts for 36% of the amount of fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn.

[0008] Step 2: Apply base fertilizer at the same time as corn sowing. The depth of fertilizer application is 8-15cm. The base fertilizer accounts for 24% of the fertilizer amount applied during the whole growth period of corn.

[0009] Step 3: For farmland with an irrigation system, apply fertilizer 3-4 times from the jointing to the grain filling stage of corn, accounting for 40% of the fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn. The fertilizer is dissolved in the irrigation water and added to the corn root system along with the irrigation water. For land without an irrigation system, apply solid fertilizer by drone at least once before and after the grain filling stage of corn, accounting for 40% of the fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn.

[0010] Step 4: Use drones to spray foliar fertilizer during the peak growth period of corn. The amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed is small, and its main function is to regulate corn growth, so the amount of fertilizer is not calculated separately.

[0011] Among them, in step 1, under normal circumstances, no fertilizer treatment is done on the first layer, and only base fertilizer is applied at the 25cm and 35cm layers, with a ratio of 1:1. The total amount of fertilizer applied accounts for 36% of the amount of fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn;

[0012] However, if there is flooding in the cultivated land in the previous year, it is necessary to add fertilizer to the first layer when preparing the land in the second year to prevent the corn from lacking nutrients during the seedling stage.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present invention proposes a supporting device for a corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method, comprising a mounting frame, the mounting frame being used to connect to a tractor, connecting plates being installed at both ends of the mounting frame, a fertilizer box being installed at the upper end of the mounting frame, a connecting bracket being installed on the rear side wall of the mounting frame, a receiving plate being installed on one end of the lower side of the connecting bracket, connecting rollers being movably installed between the connecting plates, an eccentric wheel being installed on the connecting roller, a pushing assembly being further installed between the connecting plates, the pushing assembly being arranged at the lower end of the mounting frame and the upper end of the eccentric wheel, a toggle assembly for driving the fertilizer pipe to move being installed on the receiving plate, and the pushing assembly being connected to the toggle assembly.

[0014] In which, the toggle assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the pushing assembly, and the pushing assembly drives the connecting rod, and a pushing block is installed on the upper wall of the other end of the connecting rod, and the pushing blocks are provided with three groups, namely pushing block one, pushing block two and pushing block three, and the upper walls of pushing block one, pushing block two and pushing block three are all arc-shaped structures, and the bottom wall of the receiving plate is provided with a placing plate, and the placing plates are provided with three groups, namely placing plate one, placing plate two and placing plate three, the placing plate one and pushing block one are placed relative to each other, the placing plate two and pushing block two are placed relative to each other, and the placing plate three and pushing block three are placed relative to each other, and the placing plate one, placing plate two and placing plate three are all installed with a direction adjustment assembly.

[0015] Among them, the direction adjustment component includes a support plate 2, one end of which is installed on the side wall of the placement plate, and the other end of the support plate is movably installed with a push plate, and a control bag is installed between the support plate 2 and the push plate, and the control bag is an elastic structure.

[0016] Among them, the fertilizer boxes, connecting brackets and eccentric wheels are each provided with multiple groups, the number of the fertilizer boxes is the same as that of the connecting brackets, and the multiple groups of the fertilizer boxes are all arranged on the upper wall of the mounting frame, and the connecting brackets are respectively arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer boxes. The bottom wall of any group of the fertilizer boxes is connected to a fertilizer pipe, and the fertilizer pipe passes through the receiving plate at its lower end. There are three groups of fertilizer pipes, namely fertilizer pipe one, fertilizer pipe two and fertilizer pipe three, and the distances from fertilizer pipe one, fertilizer pipe two and fertilizer pipe three to the connecting roller increase successively, and a control valve is provided at the discharge port at the lower end of the fertilizer pipe.

[0017] Among them, the fertilizer tube one is arranged close to the pushing block one, the fertilizer tube two is arranged close to the pushing block two, and the fertilizer tube three is arranged close to the pushing block three. At the same time, the outer wall of the fertilizer tube one is connected to the pushing plate on the placement plate one, the outer wall of the fertilizer tube two is connected to the pushing plate on the placement plate two, and the outer wall of the fertilizer tube three is connected to the pushing plate on the placement plate three; a control valve is provided between the pushing plate and the fertilizer tube for connecting the regulating bag and the fertilizer tube.

[0018] The pushing assembly includes a sliding plate and a fixed plate, both ends of the sliding plate are movably connected to the side walls of the connecting plate, the sliding plate is arranged at the upper end of the eccentric wheel, the two ends of the fixed plate are arranged on the side walls of the connecting plate, the fixed plate is arranged at the upper end of the sliding plate, an extrusion part 1 and an extrusion part 2 are installed between the fixed plate and the sliding plate, the extrusion part 1 and the extrusion part 2 have the same structure and both include a support plate 3, the support plate 3 is connected to the sliding plate, an extrusion bag is installed between the support plate 3 and the fixed plate, the extrusion bag is made of elastic material, and the connecting rod is connected to the upper wall of the sliding plate.

[0019] Among them, the support plate three is connected with a main connecting pipe, and the main connecting pipe is arranged between two groups of connecting brackets. Branch connecting pipes are respectively installed on the main connecting pipe, and the branch connecting pipes are flexible pipes. The branch connecting pipes are provided with three groups, namely branch connecting pipe one, branch connecting pipe two and branch connecting pipe three. The branch connecting pipe one, branch connecting pipe two and branch connecting pipe three are each provided with two groups. The two groups of branch connecting pipe one are respectively connected with the regulating bag on the placement plate one, the two groups of branch connecting pipe two are respectively connected with the regulating bag on the placement plate two, and the two groups of branch connecting pipe three are respectively connected with the regulating bag on the placement plate three. Control valves are provided in the branch connecting pipe one, the branch connecting pipe two and the branch connecting pipe three. The lower ends of the extrusion piece one and the extrusion piece two are provided with discharge ports, and the inner holes of the discharge ports are provided with control valves.

[0020] Wherein, both ends of the connecting roller extend out of the connecting plate and are equipped with driving wheels.

[0021] Furthermore, a deep loosening shovel is installed at one end of any group of the receiving plates, and the fertilizer pipes are arranged at the rear end of the deep loosening shovel, a seed box and a seeder are installed on the connecting bracket, the seed box is arranged at the upper end of the connecting bracket and at the rear end of the fertilizer box, the seeder is arranged at the lower end of the connecting bracket, the upper end of the seeder is connected through the lower end of the seed box, a depth limiting wheel is installed on the bottom wall of the end of the connecting bracket away from the deep loosening shovel, the depth limiting wheel is arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer pipe, a disc furrow opener is installed between the depth limiting wheels, the outlet end of the seeder is arranged at the rear end of the disc furrow opener, and the seeds in the seeder are arranged in the furrow after the disc furrow opener opens the furrow, and the seeds

[0022] After adopting the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (1) Stable and high yield of corn: The fertilizer release is in line with the nutrient curve required for corn growth, and corn growth will not suffer from nutrient deficiency; the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is improved: combined with stratified fertilization and the application of water-fertilizer integration technology, the utilization rate of corn fertilizers is comprehensively improved, increasing efficiency and reducing pollution; the disaster resistance of corn is improved, and nutrients can be supplemented immediately when droughts and floods occur, effectively improving the disaster resistance of corn.

[0024] (2) If granular fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box, the gas in the extrusion piece 1 and the extrusion piece 2 can enter the branch connecting pipe through the main connecting pipe, and enter the fertilizer pipe from the regulating bag, and be discharged from the outlet of the fertilizer pipe, thereby clearing the fertilizer pipe and preventing blockage.

[0025] (3) If liquid mixed fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box, the gas or liquid in the extrusion piece 1 and the extrusion piece 2 enters the branch connecting pipe through the main connecting pipe, and enters the fertilizer pipe from the regulating bag, and is discharged from the upper end of the fertilizer pipe into the fertilizer box. The bubbles or liquid moving from the bottom to the top can stir the liquid fertilizer and reduce sedimentation.

[0026] (4) At the same time, when the sliding plate moves up, it can drive the connecting rod to move up, and the connecting rod drives the pushing block to move up, and the pushing block knocks on the adjacent fertilizer pipe. During the process of granular fertilizer fertilization, it can also reduce the risk of fertilizer blockage.

[0027] (5) If it is found that the fields in a certain area are uneven during fertilization, gas or liquid can be controlled to enter the control bag, the control bag will swell, and the push plate will be driven. The push plate rotates to adjust the angle of the fertilizer pipe, so as to meet the needs of fertilizing uneven fields. When the field returns to a flat surface, the control valve on the push plate opens, the internal gas or liquid is discharged, and the fertilizer pipe returns to its previous angle.

[0028] (6) Under normal circumstances, the first layer is not fertilized, and fertilizer is applied only through fertilizer pipes 2 and 3. Fertilizer pipe 1 does not need to be installed, and the connection port between it and the fertilizer box is blocked. However, if there is a flood in the cultivated land in the previous year, it is necessary to add fertilizer to the first layer during land preparation in the second year. Fertilizer pipes 1, 2 and 3 need to be used at the same time to prevent the corn from lacking nutrients during the seedling stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting device for a segmented and layered fertilization method for corn planting proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a supporting device for a corn planting segmented-layered fertilization method proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0033] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a supporting device for a corn planting segmented-layered fertilization method proposed by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged view of point B;

[0035] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a supporting device for a corn planting segmented-layered fertilization method proposed by the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point C.

[0037] In the attached drawings: 1. Mounting frame, 2. Connecting plate, 3. Fertilizer box, 4. Connecting bracket, 5. Receiver plate, 6. Connecting roller, 7. Eccentric wheel, 8. Pushing assembly, 9. Connecting rod, 10. Pushing block 1, 11. Pushing block 2, 12. Pushing block 3, 13. Placement plate 1, 14. Placement plate 2, 15. Placement plate 3, 16. Adjustment assembly, 17. Support plate 2, 18. Pushing plate, 19. Control bag, 20. Fertilizer pipe 1, 21. Fertilizer pipe two, 22. Fertilizer pipe three, 23. Sliding plate, 24. Fixed plate, 25. Extrusion piece one, 26. Extrusion piece two, 27. Support plate three, 28. Extrusion bag, 29. Main connecting pipe, 30. Branch connecting pipe one, 31. Branch connecting pipe two, 32. Branch connecting pipe three, 33. Drive wheel, 34. Deep loosening shovel, 35. Seed box, 36. Seeder, 37. Depth limiting wheel, 38. Disc furrow opener, 39. Covering wheel, 40. Pressing wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a corn planting segmented-layered fertilization method, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: During the deep loosening process during the corn soil preparation period, apply fertilizer as a base fertilizer at the 25cm and 35cm layers respectively, with a ratio of 1:1. The total amount of fertilizer applied accounts for 36% of the amount of fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn.

[0043] Step 2: Apply base fertilizer at the same time as corn sowing. The depth of fertilizer application is 8-15cm. The base fertilizer accounts for 24% of the fertilizer amount applied during the whole growth period of corn.

[0044] Step 3: For farmland with an irrigation system, apply fertilizer 3-4 times from the jointing to the grain filling stage of corn, with the amount of fertilizer accounting for 40% of the fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn. The fertilizer is dissolved in the irrigation water and added to the corn root system along with the irrigation water. For land without an irrigation system, apply solid fertilizer by drone at least once before and after the grain filling stage of corn, with the amount of fertilizer accounting for 40% of the fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn.

[0045] Step 4: Use drones to spray foliar fertilizer during the peak growth period of corn. The amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed is small, and its main function is to regulate corn growth, so the amount of fertilizer is not calculated separately.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a supporting device for a segmented and layered fertilization method for corn planting, such as Figure 1 , including a mounting frame 1, the mounting frame 1 is used to connect the tractor, and connecting plates 2 are installed at both ends of the mounting frame 1, a fertilizer box 3 is installed on the upper end of the mounting frame 1, a connecting bracket 4 is installed on the rear side wall of the mounting frame 1, and a receiving plate 5 is installed on one end of the lower side of the connecting bracket 4. A connecting roller 6 is movably installed between the connecting plates 2, and an eccentric wheel 7 is installed on the connecting roller 6. A pushing component 8 is also installed between the connecting plates 2, and the pushing component 8 is provided at the lower end of the mounting frame 1 and the upper end of the eccentric wheel 7. A toggle component for driving the movement of the fertilizer pipe is installed on the receiving plate 5, and the pushing component 8 is connected to the toggle component.

[0048] During the corn land preparation period, base fertilizer can be applied in layers, and during the sowing period, the field can be sown and fertilized without tillage.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7, the toggle assembly includes a connecting rod 9, one end of the connecting rod 9 is connected to the pushing assembly 8, and the pushing assembly 8 drives the connecting rod 9. A pushing block is installed on the upper wall of the other end of the connecting rod 9, and the pushing block is provided with three groups, namely, pushing block one 10, pushing block two 11 and pushing block three 12. The upper walls of the pushing blocks one 10, pushing block two 11 and pushing block three 12 are all arc-shaped structures, and a placing plate is installed on the bottom wall of the receiving plate 5. The placing plates are provided with three groups, namely, placing plate one 13, placing plate two 14 and placing plate three 15. The placing plate one 13 and the pushing block one 10 are placed relative to each other, the placing plate two 14 and the pushing block two 11 are placed relative to each other, and the placing plate three 15 and the pushing block three 12 are placed relative to each other. The placing plate one 13, the placing plate two 14 and the placing plate three 15 are all provided with a direction adjustment assembly 16.

[0051] The direction adjustment component 16 includes a second support plate 17, one end of which is mounted on the side wall of the placement plate, and the other end of the second support plate 17 is movably mounted with a push plate 18, and a regulating capsule 19 is mounted between the second support plate 17 and the push plate 18, and the regulating capsule 19 is an elastic structure.

[0052] The fertilizer box 3, connecting bracket 4 and eccentric wheel 7 are each provided with multiple groups, and the number of the fertilizer boxes 3 is the same as that of the connecting bracket 4. Multiple groups of the fertilizer boxes 3 are all arranged on the upper wall of the mounting frame 1, and the connecting bracket 4 is respectively arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer box 3. The bottom wall of any group of the fertilizer boxes 3 is connected with a fertilizer pipe, and the fertilizer pipe is arranged through the receiving plate 5 at its lower end. There are three groups of fertilizer pipes, namely fertilizer pipe 1 20, fertilizer pipe 2 21 and fertilizer pipe 3 22, and the distances from fertilizer pipe 1 20, fertilizer pipe 2 21 and fertilizer pipe 3 22 to the connecting roller 6 increase successively, and the discharge port at the lower end of the fertilizer pipe is provided with a control valve.

[0053] The fertilizer pipe 1 20 is arranged close to the pushing block 10, the fertilizer pipe 2 21 is arranged close to the pushing block 2 11, and the fertilizer pipe 3 22 is arranged close to the pushing block 3 12. At the same time, the outer wall of the fertilizer pipe 1 20 is connected to the pushing plate 18 on the placement plate 13, the outer wall of the fertilizer pipe 2 21 is connected to the pushing plate 18 on the placement plate 2 14, and the outer wall of the fertilizer pipe 3 22 is connected to the pushing plate 18 on the placement plate 3 15; a control valve is provided between the pushing plate 18 and the fertilizer pipe for connecting the regulating bag 19 and the fertilizer pipe.

[0054] The pushing assembly 8 includes a sliding plate 23 and a fixed plate 24, both ends of the sliding plate 23 are movably connected to the side walls of the connecting plate 2, the sliding plate 23 is arranged on the upper end of the eccentric wheel 7, and the two ends of the fixed plate 24 are arranged on the side walls of the connecting plate 2, the fixed plate 24 is arranged at the upper end of the sliding plate 23, and an extrusion member 25 and an extrusion member 2 26 are installed between the fixed plate 24 and the sliding plate 23. The extrusion member 1 25 and the extrusion member 2 26 have the same structure and both include a support plate 3 27, the support plate 3 27 is connected to the sliding plate 23, and an extrusion bag 28 is installed between the support plate 3 27 and the fixed plate 24. The extrusion bag 28 is made of elastic material, and the connecting rod 9 is connected to the upper wall of the sliding plate 23.

[0055] The support plate three 27 is connected to a main connecting pipe 29, and the main connecting pipe 29 is arranged between two groups of connecting brackets 4. Branch connecting pipes are respectively installed on the main connecting pipe 29, and the branch connecting pipes are provided with three groups, namely branch connecting pipe one 30, branch connecting pipe two 31 and branch connecting pipe three 32. The branch connecting pipe one 30, branch connecting pipe two 31 and branch connecting pipe three 32 are each provided with two groups. The two groups of branch connecting pipe one 30 are respectively connected with the regulating capsule 19 on the placement plate one 13, the two groups of branch connecting pipe two 31 are respectively connected with the regulating capsule 19 on the placement plate two 14, and the two groups of branch connecting pipe three 32 are respectively connected with the regulating capsule 19 on the placement plate three 15. Control valves are provided in the branch connecting pipe one 30, the branch connecting pipe two 31 and the branch connecting pipe three 32. The lower ends of the extrusion piece one 25 and the extrusion piece two 26 are provided with discharge ports, and the inner holes of the discharge ports are provided with control valves.

[0056] If granular fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box 3, air is provided in the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26, and the discharge port of the fertilizer pipe needs to be dredged to prevent blockage, the control valves in the sub-connecting pipe and the push plate 18 are all opened, and the connecting roller 6 rotates, which can drive the eccentric wheel 7 to rotate. The eccentric wheel 7 can drive the sliding plate 23 when rotating, and the sliding plate 23 drives the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26. At this time, the discharge ports of the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26 are closed, and the gas in the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26 enters the sub-connecting pipe through the main connecting pipe 29, and enters the fertilizer pipe from the regulating bag 19, and is discharged from the discharge port of the fertilizer pipe. When the eccentric wheel 7 withdraws the driving force on the sliding plate 23, the sliding plate 23 moves downward under the action of gravity, and external gas enters through the discharge port of the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26;

[0057] If liquid mixed fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box 3, initially, the discharge ports of the extrusion member 1 25 and the extrusion member 2 26 are closed, the control valves in the branch connecting pipe and the push plate 18 are all opened, the discharge port at the lower end of the fertilizer pipe is closed, the connecting roller 6 rotates, which can drive the eccentric wheel 7 to rotate, and the eccentric wheel 7 can drive the sliding plate 23 when rotating, and the sliding plate 23 drives the extrusion member 1 25 and the extrusion member 2 26, and the gas in the extrusion member 1 25 and the extrusion member 2 26 enters the branch connecting pipe through the main connecting pipe 29 and is discharged from the regulating bag 1. 9 enters the fertilizer pipe and is discharged from the upper end of the fertilizer pipe into the fertilizer box 3. The bubbles moving up from the bottom can stir the liquid fertilizer and reduce sedimentation. When the eccentric wheel 7 cancels the driving force on the sliding plate 23, the sliding plate 23 moves down under the action of gravity, and the internal air pressure is reduced. The liquid in the fertilizer box 3 is filled into the regulating capsule 19 and the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26 through the fertilizer pipe. When the sliding plate 23 moves up again, what enters the fertilizer box 3 is no longer gas, but liquid fertilizer, which also achieves the technical effect of mixing the liquid fertilizer.

[0058] All control valves are controlled by the controller, the control valves in the push plate 18 are all in the open state, and the control valve at the lower end of the fertilization pipe is opened and closed regularly to achieve the technical effect of interval fertilization; when liquid fertilizer is applied, the discharge ports of the extrusion piece 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26 are both in the closed state, when the control valve at the lower end of the fertilization pipe is closed, the control valve in the branch connecting pipe is opened, and when the control valve at the lower end of the fertilization pipe is opened, the control valve in the branch connecting pipe is closed; when granular fertilizer is applied, the control valves in the branch connecting pipes are all in the open state.

[0059] At the same time, when the sliding plate 23 moves upward, it can drive the connecting rod 9 to move upward, and the connecting rod 9 drives the pushing block to move upward, and the pushing block knocks the adjacent fertilizer pipe, which can also reduce the risk of fertilizer blockage during the granular fertilizer fertilization process.

[0060] If it is found that the fields in a certain area are uneven during fertilization, the control valve on the push plate 18 can be closed, and the gas or liquid in the extrusion piece 1 25 and the extrusion piece 2 26 enters the regulating bag 19, the regulating bag 19 swells, and drives the push plate 18. Then the control valve on the branch connecting pipe is closed, and the push plate 18 rotates to drive the fertilizer pipe to adjust the angle, so as to meet the needs of fertilizing uneven fields. When returning to the flat field, the control valve on the push plate 18 is opened, the internal gas or liquid is discharged, and the fertilizer pipe returns to its previous angle.

[0061] When applying base fertilizer during the corn land preparation period, under normal circumstances, the first layer is not fertilized, and fertilizer is only applied through fertilizer pipes 2 and 3. Fertilizer pipe 1 does not need to be installed, and the connection port between it and the fertilizer box is blocked; however, if there is flooding in the previous year, it is necessary to apply fertilizer to the first layer during land preparation in the second year. Fertilizer pipes 1, 2, and 3 need to be used at the same time to prevent the corn from lacking nutrients during the seedling stage;

[0062] During the sowing period, fertilizer is applied only through the fertilizer pipe 1 20 , and the fertilizer pipe 2 21 and the fertilizer pipe 3 22 do not need to be installed, and the connection port between the fertilizer box 3 is blocked.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] like Figure 1 , both ends of the connecting roller 6 extend out of the connecting plate 2 and are equipped with a driving wheel 33; one end of any group of the receiving plates 5 is equipped with a deep loosening shovel 34, and the fertilizer pipes are arranged at the rear end of the deep loosening shovel 34. A seed box 35 and a seeder 36 are installed on the connecting bracket 4. The seed box 35 is arranged at the upper end of the connecting bracket 4 and at the rear end of the fertilizer box 3. The seeder 36 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting bracket 4. The upper end of the seeder 36 is connected to the lower end of the seed box 35. The connecting bracket 4 is away from the deep loosening shovel 34. A depth limiting wheel 37 is installed on the bottom wall of the end, and the depth limiting wheel 37 is arranged at the rear end of the fertilization pipe. A disc furrow opener 38 is installed between the depth limiting wheels 37. The outlet end of the seeder 36 is arranged at the rear end of the disc furrow opener 38. After the disc furrow opener 38 opens the furrow, the seeds in the seeder 36 are arranged in the trench. A covering wheel 39 and a pressing wheel 40 connecting rod are also installed on the connecting bracket 4. The covering wheel 39 is arranged at the rear end of the depth limiting wheel 37, and the pressing wheel 40 connecting rod is installed with a pressing wheel 40, and the pressing wheel 40 is arranged at the rear end of the covering wheel 39.

[0065] The specific usage is as follows:

[0066] When applying base fertilizer during the corn land preparation period, under normal circumstances, the first layer is not fertilized, and fertilizer is only applied through fertilizer pipe 2 21 and fertilizer pipe 3 22. Fertilizer pipe 1 20 does not need to be installed, and the connection port between it and the fertilizer box is blocked; but if there is waterlogging in the cultivated land in the previous year, it is necessary to supplement fertilizer on the first layer during land preparation in the second year. Fertilizer pipe 1, fertilizer pipe 2 and fertilizer pipe 3 need to be used at the same time to prevent corn from lacking nutrients in the seedling stage. At this time, the seed box 35, seeder 36 and disc furrow opener 38 are not used and installed. Then the seeder is connected to the tractor through the mounting frame 1, and the tractor drives the seeder to move. The driving wheel 33 moves to drive the connecting roller 6 to rotate. During the movement, the depth is adjusted by the depth limiting wheel 37, the deep loosening shovel 34 crushes the straw and digs the trench for the field, and the fertilizer pipe fertilizes the trench; the covering wheel 39 and the pressing wheel 40 push the soil at the edge of the covering layer back into the trench for pressing.

[0067] During sowing, fertilizer is applied only through fertilizer pipe 1 20, and fertilizer pipe 2 21 and fertilizer pipe 3 22 as well as deep loosening shovel 34 do not need to be installed, and the connection port with fertilizer box 3 is blocked; the seeder is connected to the tractor through the mounting frame 1, and the tractor drives the seeder to move, and the driving wheel 33 moves to drive the connecting roller 6 to rotate. During movement, the connecting roller 6 drives the eccentric wheel 7 to move, which is adjusted by the depth-limiting wheel 37, and the disc furrow opener 38 opens the furrow. The seeds fall into the furrow at intervals, and the covering wheel 39 and the pressing wheel 40 push the soil at the edge of the covering layer back into the furrow for pressing.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. In short, if those skilled in the art are inspired by the present invention and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, design structures and embodiments similar to the technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supporting device for a segmented and layered fertilization method for corn planting, characterized by: It includes a mounting frame, connecting plates are installed at both ends of the mounting frame, a fertilizer box is installed on the upper end of the mounting frame, a connecting bracket is installed on the rear side wall of the mounting frame, a receiving plate is installed on one end of the lower side of the connecting bracket, a connecting roller is movably installed between the connecting plates, an eccentric wheel is installed on the connecting roller, and a pushing component is further installed between the connecting plates, the pushing component is arranged at the lower end of the mounting frame and the upper end of the eccentric wheel, a toggle component is installed on the receiving plate, and the pushing component is connected to the toggle component; The toggle assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the pushing assembly, and a pushing block is installed on the upper wall of the other end of the connecting rod. The pushing blocks are provided with three groups, namely, pushing block one, pushing block two and pushing block three. The bottom wall of the receiving plate is provided with a placing plate, and the placing plates are provided with three groups, namely, placing plate one, placing plate two and placing plate three. The placing plate one and the pushing block one are placed relative to each other, the placing plate two and the pushing block two are placed relative to each other, and the placing plate three and the pushing block three are placed relative to each other. The placing plate one, the placing plate two and the placing plate three are all provided with a direction adjustment assembly; The direction adjustment assembly includes a second support plate, one end of which is mounted on the side wall of the placement plate, and the other end of which is movably mounted with a push plate, and a regulating bag is mounted between the second support plate and the push plate; The fertilizer box, the connecting bracket and the eccentric wheel are provided in multiple groups, and the bottom wall of each group of the fertilizer box is connected to a fertilizer pipe, and the fertilizer pipe passes through the receiving plate at the lower end thereof. The fertilizer pipe is provided in three groups, namely, fertilizer pipe 1, fertilizer pipe 2 and fertilizer pipe 3; The outer wall of the fertilizer tube 1 is connected to the push plate on the placement plate 1, the outer wall of the fertilizer tube 2 is connected to the push plate on the placement plate 2, and the outer wall of the fertilizer tube 3 is connected to the push plate on the placement plate 3; The pushing assembly includes a sliding plate and a fixed plate, both ends of the sliding plate are movably connected to the side walls of the connecting plate, the sliding plate is arranged at the upper end of the eccentric wheel, the two ends of the fixed plate are arranged on the side walls of the connecting plate, the fixed plate is arranged at the upper end of the sliding plate, an extrusion piece 1 and an extrusion piece 2 are installed between the fixed plate and the sliding plate, the extrusion piece 1 and the extrusion piece 2 have the same structure and both include a support plate 3, the support plate 3 is connected to the sliding plate, an extrusion bag is installed between the support plate 3 and the fixed plate, and the connecting rod is connected to the upper wall of the sliding plate; The support plate three is connected with a main connecting pipe, and the main connecting pipe is arranged between two groups of connecting brackets. Branch connecting pipes are respectively installed on the main connecting pipe, and the branch connecting pipes are provided with three groups, namely branch connecting pipe one, branch connecting pipe two and branch connecting pipe three. The branch connecting pipe one, branch connecting pipe two and branch connecting pipe three are each provided with two groups. The two groups of branch connecting pipe one are respectively connected with the regulating bag on the placement plate one, the two groups of branch connecting pipe two are respectively connected with the regulating bag on the placement plate two, and the two groups of branch connecting pipe three are respectively connected with the regulating bag on the placement plate three; the lower ends of the extrusion piece one and the extrusion piece two are provided with a discharge port.

2. The supporting device for the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper walls of the pushing block 1, the pushing block 2 and the pushing block 3 are all arc-shaped structures.

3. The supporting device for the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the fertilizer boxes is the same as that of the connecting brackets. Multiple groups of the fertilizer boxes are arranged on the upper wall of the mounting frame. The connecting brackets are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the fertilizer boxes. The distances from the fertilizer pipe one, the fertilizer pipe two and the fertilizer pipe three to the connecting roller increase successively, and a control valve is provided at the discharge port at the lower end of the fertilizer pipe.

4. The supporting device for the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A control valve is provided between the push plate and the fertilizer pipe, for connecting the regulating bag and the fertilizer pipe.

5. The supporting device for the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Control valves are provided in the first, second and third branch connecting pipes, and control valves are provided in the discharge ports at the lower ends of the first and second extrusion pieces.

6. The supporting device for the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the connecting roller extend out of the connecting plate and are equipped with driving wheels.

7. The supporting device for the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 6, characterized in that: A deep loosening shovel is installed at one end of any group of the receiving plates, and the fertilizer pipe is arranged at the rear end of the deep loosening shovel, and a seed box and a seeder are installed on the connecting bracket, and the seed box is arranged at the upper end of the connecting bracket and at the rear end of the fertilizer box, and the seeder is arranged at the lower end of the connecting bracket, and the upper end of the seeder is connected with the lower end of the seed box. A depth limiting wheel is installed on the bottom wall of the end of the connecting bracket away from the deep loosening shovel, and the depth limiting wheel is arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer pipe, and a disc furrow opener is installed between the depth limiting wheels, and the outlet end of the seeder is arranged at the rear end of the disc furrow opener. After the disc furrow opener opens the furrow, the seeds in the seeder are arranged in the furrow. A covering wheel and a pressing wheel connecting rod are also installed on the connecting bracket, and the covering wheel is arranged at the rear end of the depth limiting wheel, and the pressing wheel connecting rod is installed with a pressing wheel, and the pressing wheel is arranged at the rear end of the covering wheel.

8. The planting method adapted to the supporting device of the corn planting segmented and layered fertilization method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: During the deep loosening process during the corn soil preparation period, apply fertilizer as a base fertilizer at the 10cm, 25cm, and 35cm layers respectively, with a ratio of 1:1:

1. The total amount of fertilizer applied accounts for 36% of the amount of fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn. Step 2: Apply base fertilizer at the same time as corn sowing. The depth of fertilizer application is 8-15cm. The base fertilizer accounts for 24% of the fertilizer amount applied during the whole growth period of corn. Step 3: For farmland with an irrigation system, apply fertilizer 3-4 times from the jointing to the grain filling stage of corn, accounting for 40% of the fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn. The fertilizer is dissolved in irrigation water and added to the corn root system along with the irrigation water. For land without an irrigation system, apply solid fertilizer by drone at least once during the grain filling period, accounting for 40% of the fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of corn. Step 4: Use drones to spray foliar fertilizer during the peak growth period of corn.

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