A complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations

Abstract

The present invention discloses a complete set of static load test equipment for offshore wind power pile foundations, which relates to the field of marine engineering construction technology. The equipment includes an underwater foundation, on which pullout piles and four anchor piles are fixedly connected. The four anchor piles are grouped in pairs. A main beam is fixedly installed on the top of each group of anchor piles. A secondary beam is installed on the top of each of the two main beams. A special-shaped beam is fixedly connected to the top of the two secondary beams. The special-shaped beam has an avoidance groove. A plurality of hydraulic jacks are arranged on the top of the special-shaped beam. A cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder. A truncated cone component is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder. The output ends of the plurality of hydraulic jacks all support the truncated cone component upward. The present invention uniformly transmits the load of the pullout pile to the underwater foundation around the pile by arranging a plurality of hydraulic jacks in a surrounding manner on the top of the special-shaped beam, in conjunction with the design of a coaxial connection between the truncated cone component and the pullout pile. This solves the problem of uneven stress on the secondary beam caused by the offset arrangement of traditional steel bars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering construction, and in particular to a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind turbine pile foundations often use large-diameter steel pipe piles as the bearing base. The bearing capacity of steel pipe piles can reach over 5,000 tons. However, as the bearing base of wind turbines, steel pipe piles need to be subjected to pull-out tests at their installation points before they can be put into operation. Based on the pull-out test results, the stable bearing cycle of the steel pipe piles can be calculated to ensure the safety and stability of subsequent projects. When testing the pull-out bearing capacity of pile foundations, the usual practice is to weld or anchor a certain number of steel bars on both sides of the test piles, connect the steel bars to the pull caps arranged on the secondary beams, and form a loading system for the pull-out test. However, this combination has several drawbacks: The steel bars are not laid out across the entire cross-section of the test pile. Due to the presence of the secondary loading beam, the steel bars can only be placed at both ends of the test pile based on the width of the secondary beam, resulting in uneven stress on the secondary beam and a high risk of accidents during subsequent pullout tests. For certain pile foundations with relatively high bearing caps, this arrangement makes it difficult to achieve the ultimate pullout bearing capacity of the pile body, increasing the probability of test failure. Furthermore, construction workers need to climb onto narrow steel beams or pull caps to insert the steel bars, a process that poses a low safety risk to construction workers during offshore construction. Therefore, the existing technology urgently needs a technical solution to address the above issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A set of static load test equipment for offshore wind power pile foundations, including an underwater foundation, to which a pull-out pile and four anchor piles are fixedly connected, and the four anchor piles are equidistantly arranged on the outer circumference of the pull-out pile, and the four anchor piles are grouped in pairs, and a main beam is fixedly installed on the top of each group of anchor piles, and a secondary beam is respectively installed on the top of two main beams, and a special-shaped beam is fixedly connected to the top of the two secondary beams, and an avoidance groove is opened in the special-shaped beam, and a plurality of hydraulic jacks are equidistantly arranged on the top of the special-shaped beam along the outer circumference of the avoidance groove, the top of the pull-out pile is fixedly connected to a cylinder, and the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a frustum component, and the output ends of the plurality of hydraulic jacks all support the frustum component upward.

[0006] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a plurality of limit piles are fixedly connected to the bottom of the truncated cone component, and a plurality of placement holes for placing the limit piles are opened on the top of the pull-out piles.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a slope is provided on the top of the avoidance groove, and the inner wall of the avoidance groove is tangent to the exterior of the frustum component.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a limit seat for assisting the positioning of the secondary beam is provided on the top of each main beam.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a guide rail for sliding the special-shaped beam is fixedly installed on the top of the secondary beam, the edge of the top of the guide rail is inclined, and the bottom of the special-shaped beam is provided with a sliding groove for avoiding the guide rail.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the special-shaped beam includes two rectangular beams, and the two rectangular beams are both slidably installed across two secondary beams.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a positioning block is fixedly installed on the top of the secondary beam, and a receiving groove for cooperating with the positioning block is provided at the bottom of the rectangular beam.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that an annular step is fixedly installed on the top of the two main beams, and a cavity for avoiding the pull-out piles is opened in the annular step.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0014] 1. This invention utilizes multiple hydraulic jacks arranged around the top of the special-shaped beam, combined with a coaxial connection between the truncated cone and the pullout piles, to evenly transfer the pullout pile load across the entire cross-section of the underwater foundation. This solves the problem of uneven stress on the secondary beam caused by offset reinforcement placement in traditional systems. A design that avoids tangency between the inner wall of the through-groove and the truncated cone further ensures vertical loading of the cone, significantly improving the accuracy of pullout test results. This design is particularly suitable for extreme testing of high-capacity pile foundations.

[0015] 2. This invention utilizes guide rails, positioning blocks, and a detachable special-shaped beam structure to significantly reduce the difficulty of high-altitude assembly. The circular steps provide a stable platform for welding operations, eliminating the high-risk operation of traditional manual welding and capping. The mechanical connection of the circular platform components, supported by hydraulic jacks, replaces the steel bar insertion process, reducing the frequency of high-altitude operations for construction workers and significantly improving overall safety and construction efficiency.

[0016] 3. The present invention utilizes an inclined surface to guide the circular cone components for precise centering. Limiting piles and placement holes enhance connection stability. The special-shaped beams are quickly positioned using guide rails and positioning blocks, simplifying installation and adjustment. The split rectangular beam design reduces the difficulty of hoisting large components and adapts to complex offshore operating environments. The overall system allows for rapid deployment and high reuse, further expanding the scope of offshore operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped beam in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of pull-out test in the prior art.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Underwater foundation; 2. Pull-out piles; 3. Anchor piles; 4. Main beam; 5. Secondary beam; 6. Special-shaped beam; 7. Avoidance groove; 8. Hydraulic jack; 9. Round table component; 10. Limit piles; 11. Placement hole; 12. Limit seat; 13. Guide rail; 14. Slide; 15. Rectangular beam; 16. Accommodation groove; 17. Annular step; 18. Positioning block; 19. Cylinder; 20. Annular pull cap; 21. Installation platform; 22. Rebar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The following first describes the concepts involved in this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is intended only to make the content of this application easier to understand and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. At the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. The following detailed description of this application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0027] Example

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a set of static load test equipment for offshore wind power pile foundations, including an underwater foundation 1, to which a pull-out pile 2 and four anchor piles 3 are fixedly connected, and the four anchor piles 3 are equidistantly arranged on the outer periphery of the pull-out pile 2, and the four anchor piles 3 are grouped in pairs, and a main beam 4 is fixedly installed on the top of each group of anchor piles 3, and a secondary beam 5 is respectively installed on the top of the two main beams 4, and a special-shaped beam 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the two secondary beams 5. An avoidance groove 7 is opened in the special-shaped beam 6, and a plurality of hydraulic jacks 8 are equidistantly arranged on the top of the special-shaped beam 6 along the outer periphery of the avoidance groove 7, a cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the pull-out pile 2, a frustum component 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 19, and the output ends of the plurality of hydraulic jacks 8 all support the frustum component 9 upward.

[0029] As a further illustration of this embodiment, all components fixed to the underwater foundation 1 are welded. Anchor piles 3 serve as the load-bearing base for the static load test. The primary and secondary beams 4 and 5 placed thereon provide a platform for the fixed installation of the special-shaped beams 6, ensuring stable support at the bottom of the multiple hydraulic jacks 8. The pull-out pile 2 is fixedly installed on the underwater foundation 1. After the pull-out pile 2 is stabilized, the bottom of the cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the pull-out pile 2 by welding, so that the truncated cone component 9 and the pull-out pile 2 become a whole. The multiple hydraulic jacks 8 are driven by an external drive device to push the bottom of the truncated cone component 9 upward. Since the multiple hydraulic jacks 8 are evenly spaced along the periphery of the avoidance groove 7, and the overall shape of the avoidance groove 7 is a regular hexagon, the bottom of the truncated cone component 9 is subjected to a uniform supporting force from the multiple hydraulic jacks 8 until the pull-out pile 2 is pulled out of the underwater foundation 1. The supporting force generated by the hydraulic jacks 8 during this process is recorded, so as to calculate the bearing coefficient of the pull-out pile 2. In the prior art (such as Figure 6As shown), the outside of the pull-out pile 2 is fixedly connected to the annular pull cap 20, a secondary beam 5 is set on the main beam 4, a hydraulic jack 8 is set on the secondary beam 5, and a mounting platform 21 is set on the top of the hydraulic jack 8. Workers are dispatched to the mounting platform 21, and steel bars 22 are passed through both ends of the mounting platform 21 to fix the mounting platform 21 to the annular pull cap 20. Then, the hydraulic jack 8 is started to support the mounting platform 21 upward, and the tension is transmitted to the bottom of the pull-out pile 2 through the steel bars 22 and the annular pull cap 20, thereby realizing the pull-out test. The present application is to evenly distribute the hydraulic jacks 8 at equal intervals along the avoidance groove 7, so that multiple hydraulic jacks 8 evenly support the circular cone component 9, so that the circular cone component 9 will not affect the pull-out test of the pull-out pile 2 due to uneven force, and this connection method does not require manual assistance in the connection of the annular pull cap 20, which effectively improves the safety factor of the construction workers. In addition, in this embodiment, the special-shaped beam 6 is located above the pull-out pile 2, and the hydraulic jack 8 brings the pull-out pile 2 upward by supporting the circular cone member 9, which makes it easier to simulate the stress state of the top of the pull-out pile 2 after the wind turbine is installed, making the test results of this device more accurate. In this embodiment, the main beam 4 adopts a middle-sunken layout, the main purpose of which is to place the center of gravity of the main beam 4 in the middle position, so that the main beam 4 is more stable when it is erected on the top of the two anchor piles 3. When manufacturing the main beam 4, rectangular steel with uniform overall thickness can be used, and the steel at both ends can be cut to make it. This not only effectively saves production costs, but also further improves the stability of the main beam 4, making the practical benefits of this device higher. In addition, in order to further save experimental costs and installation difficulty, the special-shaped beams 6 and truncated cone components 9 in this device are both hollow in design. Compared with those made of solid steel, the weight of the special-shaped beams 6 and truncated cone components 9 is greatly reduced, which improves the accuracy of the crane carrying the special-shaped beams 6 and truncated cone components 9 during lifting. However, in order to improve the stability after installation, the special-shaped beams 6 and truncated cone components 9 need to be filled with fillers, such as fine stone concrete of model C90, thereby ensuring the safety of the special-shaped beams 6 and truncated cone components 9, while also saving steel consumption. While ensuring the safety of the experiment, the experimental cost of this device is further reduced.

[0030] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, a plurality of limit piles 10 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder 19 , and a plurality of placement holes 11 for placing the pull-out piles 2 are opened on the top of the pull-out piles 2 .

[0031] As a further illustration of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the cylinder 19 and the pull-out pile 2 are fixedly connected only by welding. When the joint between the cylinder 19 and the pull-out pile 2 is subjected to a lateral force or a torsional force, cracks may appear at the connection point between the cylinder 19 and the pull-out pile 2. By cooperating with the multiple limit piles 10 and the multiple placement holes 11, the friction and connection tightness between the cylinder 19 and the pull-out pile 2 are increased, making the connection between the pull-out pile 2 and the cylinder 19 tighter. When performing a pull-out test, the connection between the frustum member 9 and the pull-out pile 2 is more stable. In addition, the diameter of the cylinder 19 is the same as the diameter of the pull-out pile 2, so that when the cylinder 19 and the pull-out pile 2 are welded, the flatness of the welding point is improved, thereby improving the stability of the cylinder 19 and the pull-out pile 2 after welding.

[0032] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, a slope is provided on the top of the avoidance groove 7 , and the inner wall of the avoidance groove 7 is tangent to the exterior of the frustum component 9 .

[0033] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, since the truncated cone component 9 needs to be installed by hoisting, the crane is very susceptible to slight shaking caused by the wind and waves at sea when hoisting the truncated cone component 9. In order to avoid such shaking from interfering with the hoisting of the truncated cone component 9, an inclined surface is provided at the top of the avoidance groove 7, so that the bottom of the truncated cone component 9 can slide into the avoidance groove 7 more easily along the inclined surface. In addition, by making the outer portion of the truncated cone component 9 tangent to the inner wall of the avoidance groove 7, the bottom of the truncated cone component 9 can maintain a vertical state and move downward after extending into the avoidance groove 7, thereby guiding the truncated cone component 9 to be coaxial with the pull-out pile 2, which is convenient for subsequent welding operations. Moreover, when the truncated cone component 9 and the pull-out pile 2 are coaxial and performing pull-out operations, the upward supporting force on the pull-out pile 2 is the same as that of the truncated cone component 9, further improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0034] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, a limiting seat 12 for assisting in positioning the secondary beam 5 is provided on the top of each main beam 4 .

[0035] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, a limit seat 12 is fixedly installed on the main beam 4 in advance to position the secondary beam 5 in advance, so that the secondary beam 5 does not need to be fine-tuned according to the construction scene when hoisting, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the secondary beam 5. The secondary beam 5 is guided by the limit seat 12 and installed parallel to each other, which effectively improves the efficiency of the assembly operation of the special-shaped beam 6.

[0036] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, a guide rail 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the secondary beam 5 for the sliding of the special-shaped beam 6. The edge of the top of the guide rail 13 is inclined, and a sliding groove 14 is provided at the bottom of the special-shaped beam 6 for avoiding the guide rail 13.

[0037] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the process of hoisting the special-shaped beam 6 requires multi-directional adjustment so that the avoidance groove 7 is located directly above the pull-out pile 2. Therefore, after the special-shaped beam 6 is placed on the top of the two secondary beams 5, it is still necessary to perform horizontal and vertical fine-tuning. In this embodiment, the slide groove 14 at the bottom of the special-shaped beam 6 cooperates with the guide rail 13 to limit the initial landing point of the special-shaped beam 6, so that when the special-shaped beam 6 is hoisted, the slide groove 14 at the bottom is aligned with the guide rail 13, and then the special-shaped beam 6 can be completely lowered. The top of the guide rail 13 is cut into an inclined surface, which reduces the friction force of the bottom of the special-shaped beam 6 on the inclined surface, so that the slide groove 14 at the bottom of the special-shaped beam 6 and the guide rail 13 are aligned more quickly, and after the guide rail 13 extends into the slide groove 14, the contact area between the guide rail 13 and the slide groove 14 is reduced, making the sliding of the special-shaped beam 6 smoother. After placing the special-shaped beam 6 on the guide rail 13 , the distance of the special-shaped beam 6 is adjusted along the length direction of the guide rail 13 so that the special-shaped beam 6 is placed in the middle position of the secondary beam 5 , and the hoisting work of the special-shaped beam 6 can be quickly completed.

[0038] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, the special-shaped beam 6 includes two rectangular beams 15 , and the two rectangular beams 15 are both slidably installed across the two secondary beams 5 .

[0039] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the special-shaped beam 6 is formed by two rectangular beams 15 spliced ​​together. Since the special-shaped beam 6 is large in volume and heavy in weight, the difficulty coefficient of hoisting the special-shaped beam 6 is relatively high during the actual hoisting process. Therefore, the special-shaped beam 6 is split into two rectangular beams 15, and after the two rectangular beams 15 are respectively hoisted on the guide rail 13, the two rectangular beams 15 are adjusted along the length direction of the guide rail 13, and the two rectangular beams 15 are spliced ​​together to form the required special-shaped beam 6, which can reduce the installation difficulty of the special-shaped beam 6.

[0040] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, a positioning block 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the secondary beam 5 , and a receiving groove 16 for cooperating with the positioning block 18 is provided at the bottom of the rectangular beam 15 .

[0041] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, in the above embodiment, after the rectangular beam 15 is placed on the guide rail 13, it is also necessary to adjust the lateral displacement of the rectangular beam 15 along the length direction of the guide rail 13, and set a positioning block 18 in the middle of the guide rail 13, so that the rectangular beam 15 is directly approached to the positioning block 18 until the positioning block 18 extends into the accommodating groove 16 to complete the adjustment of the lateral displacement of the rectangular beam 15, so that the assembly efficiency of the special-shaped beam 6 is further improved and the difficulty of assembling the special-shaped beam 6 is reduced.

[0042] As a preferred solution provided by a complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, an annular step 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the two main beams 4 , and a cavity is opened in the annular step 17 for accommodating the pull-out pile 2 .

[0043] As a further explanation of the embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, after the truncated cone component 9 and the pull-out pile 2 are spliced ​​together, the pull-out pile 2 needs to be fixedly connected to the bottom of the truncated cone component 9 by means of full welding. The surfaces of the truncated cone component 9 and the pull-out pile 2 are both smooth arc-shaped, which cannot be used for construction workers to stand. Therefore, a circle of annular steps 17 are set up along the circumferential direction of the pull-out pile 2 for construction workers to stand and weld, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the welding operation, ensuring the strength of the truncated cone component 9 and the pull-out pile 2 after welding, and facilitating the subsequent pull-out test. In addition, in order to improve the construction safety of construction workers, the annular step 17 is constructed by multi-layer stacking and welding to improve the stability of the annular step 17 when bearing weight. In order to further improve the safety of construction workers, when performing welding operations on the annular step 17, construction workers should be equipped with a special safety rope for high-altitude operations.

[0044] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make slight changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention.

[0045] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of this application, they can also make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations, comprising an underwater foundation (1), characterized in that: The underwater foundation (1) is fixedly installed with anti-pull piles (2) and four anchor piles (3), and the four anchor piles (3) are equidistantly arranged on the outer periphery of the anti-pull piles (2). The four anchor piles (3) are grouped in pairs. A main beam (4) is fixedly installed on the top of each group of anchor piles (3). A secondary beam (5) is respectively installed on the top of the two main beams (4). The tops of the two secondary beams (5) are fixedly connected to a special-shaped beam (6). An avoidance groove (7) is provided in the special-shaped beam (6). A plurality of hydraulic jacks (8) are equidistantly arranged on the top of the special-shaped beam (6) along the outer periphery of the avoidance groove (7). A cylinder (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the anti-pull pile (2). A round table component (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (19), and the output ends of the plurality of hydraulic jacks (8) all support the round table component (9) upwards. A plurality of limit piles (10) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder (19), and a plurality of placement holes (11) for placing the limit piles (10) are opened on the top of the pull-out pile (2); A guide rail (13) for the sliding of the special-shaped beam (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the secondary beam (5); the edge of the top of the guide rail (13) is inclined, and a sliding groove (14) for avoiding the guide rail (13) is provided at the bottom of the special-shaped beam (6); The special-shaped beam (6) comprises two rectangular beams (15), and the two rectangular beams (15) are both mounted across and slidingly on the two secondary beams (5).

2. The offshore wind power pile foundation static load test complete set of equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the avoidance groove (7) is provided with an inclined surface, and the inner wall of the avoidance groove (7) is tangent to the exterior of the frustum component (9).

3. The offshore wind power pile foundation static load test complete set of equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of each main beam (4) is provided with a limiting seat (12) for assisting the positioning of the secondary beam (5).

4. The offshore wind power pile foundation static load test complete set of equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning block (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of the secondary beam (5), and a receiving groove (16) for cooperating with the positioning block (18) is provided at the bottom of the rectangular beam (15).

5. The complete set of equipment for static load testing of offshore wind power pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular step (17) is fixedly mounted on the top of the two main beams (4), and a cavity for accommodating the pull-out piles (2) is provided in the annular step (17).

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