Assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with parallel striped steel plates arranged in rotatable steel members staggered and overlapped in middle

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with parallel striping steel plates arranged in rotatable steel members staggered and overlapped in the middle, and relates to the field of seismic resistance of building structures. The problems that an existing X-shaped buckling-restrained brace is difficult to overhaul and replace, middle connection defects exist, constraint is discontinuous, the bearing capacity is suddenly reduced, and local bending resistance is insufficient are solved. The system comprises built-in steel plate supports and constraint steel members, the built-in steel plate supports are arranged in a staggered mode in two directions, the middle portions of the built-in steel plate supports are not connected, the constraint steel members are laid outside the built-in supports, the middle portions of the constraint steel members are arranged in a staggered and overlapped area in a rotatable connection mode, and the built-in steel plate supports are slotted steel plate supports or split steel plate supports. Gaps are reserved between the built-in steel plate support and the constraint steel member in the axial direction and the plate thickness and plate width directions. And the middle staggered and overlapped areas of the built-in steel plate support and the constraint steel member are rotatably connected through a bolt which is not applied with pretightening force and penetrates through the built-in steel plate support and the constraint steel member. The invention is used in building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of earthquake resistance of building structures, and in particular to an assembled X-shaped buckling-resistance brace with parallel strip steel plates built into staggered and overlapped rotatable steel members in the middle, which is used in the construction industry. Background Art

[0002] 1) In existing commonly used buckling-restrained brace structures, when the restraining members are manufactured by integrally welding steel components, filling steel tubes with mortar, or integrally casting reinforced concrete, the integrally manufactured restraining members are not conducive to the maintenance and replacement of the built-in supports. After the built-in supports fracture due to low-cycle fatigue, even if the restraining members are well preserved, they are difficult to reuse. Moreover, these structures make it difficult to form an X-shaped buckling-restrained brace arrangement with built-in supports arranged throughout the entire length, which deteriorates the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the supports.

[0003] Because traditional integrated restraint components cannot be reused, broken built-in supports must be replaced as a whole. Therefore, existing buckling-restraint braces are difficult to repair and replace.

[0004] 2) In existing X-shaped buckling-restrained brace structures, when the two internal supports are fixedly connected in the middle, defects and stress concentrations are inevitably present in the middle connection, which will degrade the brace's ductility and energy dissipation capacity. After the middle connection is fixed, the forces and deformations of the supports in the two directions directly affect each other, making it difficult to accurately predict the hysteretic load behavior of the buckling-restrained brace in each direction. Furthermore, when half of the support in one direction breaks, the unbroken half of the support in the other direction, through the middle connection, will affect the forces and deformations of the unbroken support in the other direction, degrading the hysteretic performance of the entire X-shaped buckling-restrained brace after fracture.

[0005] Since the fixed connection in the middle of the two-way support leads to stress concentration, the ductility and energy dissipation capacity are deteriorated. Therefore, the problem of stress concentration caused by the defective connection in the middle is easy to occur.

[0006] 3) In existing buckling-restrained brace structures, to maintain an appropriate axial gap between both ends of the restraining member and the built-in brace, it is often necessary to weld a limiter in the middle of the built-in brace or locally change the cross-section of the built-in brace in the middle of the brace to limit the restraining member. This results in machining defects in the middle cross-section of the built-in brace, and the sudden change in the middle cross-section will also lead to stress concentration, which is prone to early tensile cracking and fracture in the middle cross-section of the built-in brace, deteriorating the hysteretic performance of the brace.

[0007] 4) In existing X-shaped buckling-restrained brace structures, when the restraining member rotates at the intersection of two supports, the restraining member in one direction, either the front or the back of the support, is always completely disconnected. This cannot reliably provide continuous lateral restraint for the built-in support, often leading to the restraining member being damaged in the middle due to insufficient local bending resistance, thus deteriorating the ductility of the support.

[0008] Since the restraining members in the existing structure are disconnected at the front or back, the lateral restraining capacity is insufficient and the restraining capacity is discontinuous.

[0009] 5) In the existing X-shaped buckling-restrained brace structure, when the internal support cross-sections used in two directions are large under high bearing capacity requirements, if the steel plate support in one direction breaks, the total lateral force resistance of the support will suddenly be halved, which will cause a sudden drop in the lateral stiffness and bearing capacity of the entire X-shaped brace, which will be detrimental to the transition and redistribution of internal forces in the structure, and affect the structural safety.

[0010] Since the built-in steel plate in the existing structure is a whole piece, the bearing capacity of the X-shaped support drops sharply after the built-in steel plate breaks.

[0011] 6) In the existing X-shaped buckling-restrained brace structure, when the built-in support cross-sections used in both directions are relatively wide, in order to achieve the mutual rotation of the restraining members at the intersection of the two supports, the large rotating structure of the central restraining member using a disc often leads to excessive spacing between high-strength bolts in the central area of ​​the assembly. In other words, the bolt spacing of the rotating structure in the middle of the wide-section support is too large, which easily causes local bending failure of the restraining member, thereby deteriorating the ductility, bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the support.

[0012] The central rotation connection results in excessive spacing between the connecting bolts of the restraining member, which deteriorates the local bending resistance of the restraining member in the central rotation area. As a result, the restraining member is prone to local bending failure.

[0013] In summary, the existing X-shaped buckling-restrained braces have problems such as difficulty in maintenance and replacement, central connection defects, discontinuous constraints, sudden drop in bearing capacity and insufficient local bending resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of existing X-shaped anti-buckling supports, such as difficulty in maintenance and replacement, defects in middle connection, discontinuous constraints, sudden drop in bearing capacity and insufficient local bending resistance, and to provide an assembled X-shaped anti-buckling support with parallel strip steel plates built into the middle part of staggered and overlapped rotatable steel components.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0016] An assembled X-shaped anti-buckling support with parallel striped steel plates built in a staggered and overlapped rotatable steel member in the middle includes a built-in steel plate support and a constrained steel member. The built-in steel plate support is staggered in two directions and not connected in the middle. The constrained steel member is laid on the outside of the built-in support and a rotatable connection is set in the staggered and overlapped area in the middle. The built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support or a striped steel plate support, wherein a gap is left between the built-in steel plate support and the constrained steel member along the axial direction and the plate thickness and plate width directions.

[0017] Furthermore, the built-in steel plate support and the central staggered overlapping area of ​​the constraining steel member are rotatably connected by passing bolts without pre-tightening force.

[0018] Furthermore, when the built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support, the built-in steel plate support includes a slotted first support plate, a slotted second support plate and slotted stiffening ribs. The slotted first support plate and the slotted second support plate are both provided with long slots in the middle along their length directions, and the slotted first support plate and the slotted second support plate are arranged alternately, and slotted stiffening ribs are welded to both end portions of the slotted first support plate and the slotted second support plate.

[0019] Further, when the built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support, the constrained steel component includes a slotted constraint one direction constraint strip, a slotted constraint two direction constraint strip, a slotted constraint one direction thin steel plate, a slotted constraint two direction thin steel plate, a slotted back constraint frame and a slotted front constraint frame. The slotted constraint one direction thin steel plate is installed on the slotted constraint one direction constraint strip to form slotted constraint one. The slotted constraint two direction thin steel plate is installed on the slotted constraint two direction constraint strip to form slotted constraint two. The slotted constraint one and the slotted constraint two are respectively installed on the slotted first support plate and the slotted second support plate. The slotted back constraint frame and the slotted front constraint frame are respectively installed on the slotted constraint one and the slotted constraint two from the back and front.

[0020] Furthermore, the slotted constraint one-way constraint strips include two supporting outer full-length open-hole strips, an inner middle open-hole strip and two supporting inner end open-hole strips; the two supporting outer full-length open-hole strips are arranged in parallel, the supporting inner middle open-hole strip is located between the two supporting outer full-length open-hole strips, and the two supporting inner end open-hole strips are respectively located on both sides of the supporting inner middle open-hole strip.

[0021] Preferably, two long strip holes are provided on the perforated plate strip at the inner end of the support, and one of the long strip holes partially overlaps with one end of the perforated plate strip at the inner middle portion of the support.

[0022] Preferably, the slotted thin steel plates constrained in one direction include four supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates, two supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plates and two supporting inner end slotted strips; the two supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates are a group in the length direction, the two groups of supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates are arranged in parallel, the two supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plates are located between the two groups of supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates, and the two supporting inner end slotted strips are respectively located on both sides of a supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the structures of the slotted back constraint frame and the slotted front constraint frame are the same. The slotted back constraint frame includes a first hole constraint steel plate, two first hole pads, a second hole constraint steel plate and two second hole pads. The two first hole pads are installed on the inner side of the first hole constraint steel plate to form a first back frame, and the two second hole pads are installed on the inner side of the second hole constraint steel plate to form a second back frame. The first back frame and the second back frame are arranged alternately and installed on the slotted constraint one-direction constraint strips and the slotted constraint two-direction constraint strips; the opposite side ends of the two first hole pads and the two second hole pads are in a broken line shape.

[0024] Furthermore, when the built-in steel plate support is a striped steel plate support, the built-in steel plate support includes a first group of striped support plates, a second group of striped support plates and striped stiffening ribs, and two striped stiffening ribs are respectively installed at both ends of the first group of striped support plates and the second group of striped support plates.

[0025] Further, when the built-in steel plate support is a striped steel plate support, the constrained steel component includes a striped support one-direction constrained plate, a striped support two-direction constrained plate, a striped support one-direction thin steel plate, a striped support two-direction thin steel plate, a striped back side constrained frame and a striped front side constrained frame. The striped support one-direction constrained plate is installed on the first group of striped support plates. The striped support one-direction thin steel plate is a disconnected thin steel plate. The striped support one-direction thin steel plate is installed on the striped support one-direction constrained plate; the striped support two-direction constrained plate and the striped support two-direction thin steel plate are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the second group of striped support plates; the striped back side constrained frame and the striped front side constrained frame are respectively installed on the striped support one-direction thin steel plate and the striped support two-direction constrained plate.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0027] 1. This invention utilizes an all-steel assembled structure to enhance the shear resistance of the restraining members and prevent brittle failure. Within the structural plane, the restraining members in both directions and the central portion of the internal brace are staggered and rotatable, making the X-shaped buckling-restrained brace arrangement easier to implement and better utilizing the ductility of the brace. Furthermore, the assembled structure facilitates maintenance and replacement of internal braces, as well as the reuse of intact restraining members.

[0028] 2. The present invention separates the built-in supports in two directions and arranges them in a staggered manner. The built-in supports in the two directions are not connected at the middle intersection, which can avoid adverse effects such as stress concentration on the built-in supports caused by sudden changes in the middle section and early fracture of the supports caused by connection defects. The axial force and deformation along the entire support length will be more uniform, which can better exert the plastic deformation ability and energy consumption capacity of the supports. It can also avoid the force on the supports in one direction interfering with the force on the supports in the other direction, making it easy to coordinate the deformation of the built-in supports in the two directions and avoid adverse effects, and facilitate accurate prediction of the hysteretic force behavior of the anti-buckling supports in each direction. At the same time, even if the built-in support in one direction breaks, it will not interfere with the normal force on the supports in the other direction, which is beneficial to the force performance of the entire support after the break;

[0029] 3. When the steel plate supports in two directions are staggered within the X-shaped anti-buckling brace of the present invention, and the restraining members in two directions are also staggered and assembled together within the entire X-shaped support plane, the axial sliding of the restraining member placed on the built-in support in one direction along the support in that direction will be restrained in the middle area by the built-in steel plate supports staggered in the other direction. In this way, the built-in supports staggered in two directions can provide a natural limiting function for the external restraining member, avoiding the local weakening or introduction of defects in the cross-section of the built-in support caused by additional openings or additional welding of limiting steel components on the built-in support, ensuring better uniform stress and development of plastic deformation for the built-in supports in two directions, thereby improving the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the X-shaped anti-buckling brace;

[0030] 4. The present invention is equipped with a built-in staggered and interpenetrating two-directional steel plate support arrangement. For assembled X-shaped restraining members, when the restraining member skeleton is made of restraining steel plates and welded steel pipes, the steel pipes are staggered with each other and occupy too much space in the thickness direction, so a steel pipe on the front or back side of one support direction has to be disconnected. On the front or back side, when the steel pipe in the restraining member is disconnected along one direction, the restraining steel plate in that direction is kept continuous, while the steel pipe in the other direction is kept continuous and the restraining steel plate is disconnected. The disconnection of the steel pipe greatly deteriorates the local bending resistance of the middle restraining member. When the restraining member skeleton is directly made of restraining steel plates, the restraining members in both directions can be continuous without being disconnected. This facilitates the staggered arrangement of the restraining members in the two directions to achieve mutual rotation and maintain the continuity of the restraining members, thereby ensuring that the restraining members on the front or back side can provide continuous lateral constraints for the built-in support and improve the local bending resistance of the restraining member skeleton;

[0031] 5. When a large axial force is required to meet the bearing capacity requirements in the application of the X-shaped anti-buckling support of the present invention, the fracture of the built-in support in one direction will suddenly and significantly weaken the lateral resistance of the support, which is not conducive to the stress of the structure. After the built-in support in one direction is separated and set as two built-in steel plate supports, the possibility of the built-in supports subjected to stress in one direction being fractured by tension at the same time is greatly reduced. In particular, when two built-in supports with different yield strengths and plastic deformation capabilities are arranged in parallel in the same direction, it is easier to control the successive fractures of the support cross-sections. In this way, even if the support fractures under tension, the cross-sections of the supports that fracture successively are smaller, so that the amplitude of the sudden decrease in bearing capacity is also smaller, which helps to slowly reduce the lateral bearing capacity and stiffness of the structure, and facilitates the redistribution of the internal force and the smooth stress of the structure;

[0032] 6. In the application of the X-shaped anti-buckling support of the present invention, when a large axial force is needed to meet the bearing capacity requirements, the support cross-section is usually wide. After the built-in support in one direction is separated and set as two built-in steel plate supports, it can not only alleviate the sudden drop in bearing capacity caused by the tensile fracture of the built-in support in one direction, but also arrange additional restraining members and tensile bolts between the two built-in supports in each direction, shorten the bolt spacing of the restraining members assembled in the middle rotation area, so as to enhance the local bending resistance of the restraining members in the middle rotation area, avoid local bending damage, and further improve the ductility of the support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of an X-shaped buckling-restrained brace when the present invention uses slotted steel plates for support;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an X-shaped buckling-restrained brace when the present invention uses a striped steel plate for support;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of seven layers from the back to the front in the first structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of seven layers from the back to the front in the second structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first structure of the present invention after being assembled and installed on a steel beam;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second structure of the present invention after being assembled and installed on a steel beam;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first structure of the present invention after assembly, which is used to reflect and illustrate the position of the "axial gap" of the structure.

[0040] Figure 3 and Figure 4Start from the first layer from left to right and continue until the last layer.

[0041] In the figure, 1, slotted first support plate, 2, slotted second support plate, 3, slotted stiffening ribs, 4, long slots, 5, slotted constraint strips in one direction, 5-1, supporting outer full-length open plate strips, 5-2, supporting inner middle open plate strips, 5-3, supporting inner end open plate strips, 6, slotted constraint strips in two directions, 7, slotted constraint strips in one direction, 7-1, supporting outer disconnected open plate strips, 7-2, supporting inner middle disconnected open plate strips, 7-3, supporting inner end slotted strips; 8, slotted constraint strips in two directions, 9 , slotted back constraint frame, 9-1, first hole constraint steel plate, 9-2, first hole pad, 9-3, second hole constraint steel plate, 9-4, second hole pad, 10, slotted front constraint frame, 11, first group of strip support plates, 12, second group of strip support plates, 13, strip stiffening ribs, 14, strip support one-direction constraint slats, 15, strip support two-direction constraint slats, 16, strip support one-direction thin steel plate, 17, strip support two-direction thin steel plate, 18, strip back constraint frame, 19, strip front constraint frame. Among them, the number of slots on each end of the slotted back constraint frame 9 and the slotted front constraint frame 10 is one, and the number of slots on each end of the strip back constraint frame 18 and the strip front constraint frame 19 is two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 7 To illustrate this embodiment, the assembled X-shaped anti-buckling support of the parallel striped steel plates built into the middle staggered and overlapped rotatable steel members of this embodiment includes a built-in steel plate support and a constrained steel member. The built-in steel plate support is staggered in two directions and not connected in the middle. The constrained steel member is laid on the outside of the built-in support and a rotatable connection is set in the middle staggered and overlapped area. The built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support or a striped steel plate support, wherein a gap is left between the built-in steel plate support and the constrained steel member along the axial direction and the plate thickness and plate width directions.

[0043] The "axial gap" in this embodiment refers to the longitudinal direction of the support. It is located between the end of the stiffening rib of the built-in steel plate support and the end notch of the constrained steel member (such as Figure 1 The notches in the slots are used to ensure that the support can deform freely axially when subjected to tension or compression, preventing the restraining member from participating in axial forces. This prevents the stiffeners from squeezing against the notch edges when the support deforms, potentially leading to yielding of the restraining member.

[0044] There are two locations of “axial gaps”: one is “between the end of the stiffening rib of the built-in steel plate support and the end notch of the constrained steel member”; the other is “inside the slotted steel plate support, where the two inner end slotted strips (7-3) of the support are located on both sides of the inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plate (7-2) of the support”. The axial gap is left between each end slotted strip (7-3) and the middle disconnected perforated thin steel plate (7-2) (e.g. Figure 7 shown).

[0045] The "plate thickness gap" in this embodiment refers to the direction perpendicular to the plane of the steel plate. The plate thickness gap is retained by opening a thin steel plate, and the gap is located between the plate surface of the built-in steel plate support and the inner plate surface of the constraining steel members on both sides of the plate thickness that it may contact. Its function is to prevent the axially compressed built-in steel plate support plate from squeezing the constraining members on both sides of the plate thickness direction after thickening along its own plate thickness direction, thereby avoiding the destruction of the constraining members caused by squeezing and ensuring that the deformation of the built-in steel plate support along the plate thickness due to the Poisson effect is not restricted and ensuring that the built-in steel plate support independently bears the axial load in the axial direction. At the same time, the appropriate plate thickness gap is also used to limit the amplitude of multi-wave buckling deformation in the plate thickness direction.

[0046] The "plate width gap" in this embodiment refers to the gap along the width of the steel plate. It is located between the sides of the built-in steel plate support and the slats or frames that constrain the steel members (for example, between the two sides of the slotted support's long slot 4 and the outer, full-length perforated slats 5-1 and the inner, middle perforated slats 5-2). Its function is to prevent the axially compressed built-in steel plate support from widening along its own plate width and squeezing the constraining members on either side of the plate width, thereby avoiding damage to the constraining members caused by squeezing. It also ensures that deformation of the built-in steel plate support along the plate width due to the Poisson effect is not restricted, and that the built-in steel plate support independently bears the axial load. Furthermore, an appropriate plate width gap is intended to limit the amplitude of multi-wave buckling deformation along the plate width.

[0047] In summary, the purpose of setting the above-mentioned gap in this embodiment is: 1. Mechanical decoupling: The gap is used to isolate the force path of the constraint member and the built-in support, ensuring that only the support bears the axial force and the constraint member only provides lateral constraints. 2. Deformation adaptation: Allow the support to be freely stretched and compressed during an earthquake, limit the large multi-wave buckling deformation of the support, and at the same time, the constraint member remains elastic. 3. Maintainability: The gap facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the built-in support, and even the laying of grease and other materials with functions such as high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance in the gap to protect the built-in steel plate support, which is in line with the "maintainability" advantage emphasized by the patent.

[0048] The present invention provides two assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace structures, each constructed with internally arranged parallel striped steel plates in two directions and externally provided with centrally staggered, overlapped, and rotatable restraining steel members. The first structure employs internally slotted steel plates in two directions (the first structure); the second structure employs internally arranged striped steel plates in two directions (the second structure).

[0049] The first structure (built-in two-way slotted steel plate support) Figure 1 It consists of two internal slotted steel plate supports and restraining steel members. Its main components include two internal slotted steel plate supports and external restraining steel members. The two internal slotted steel plate supports are identical, with steel plate stiffeners installed at both ends. The ribs are identical in size and welded to the supports. The two slotted steel plate supports are not connected to each other and are arranged in an X-shaped cross pattern. Each slotted steel plate support is constructed from a single piece of steel plate with a long slot cut in the center and stiffening ribs welded to both ends. The centerline of the slot width and the centerline of the stiffening rib thickness coincide with the axis of the entire support. Each slotted steel plate support has a slotted restraining strip welded to the inner end of the support. During fabrication, the inner end of the slotted restraining strip is partially welded to the steel plate support in a coplanar manner (the weld is located midway across the width of the end of the steel plate and is approximately one-third the width of the strip). The weld surface is ground flush with the steel plate surface.

[0050] In the restrained steel member, the perforated restraining plate is slotted at both ends and has three rows of holes running the entire length. The center section features only one larger bolt hole, in the middle row, with a diameter no smaller than the remaining bolt holes. This strengthens the connection and local bending resistance of the restrained member's center. The perforated backing plate also has three rows of holes running the entire length, slotted at one end and a broken-line cross-section at the other. This cross-section facilitates central rotation while minimizing the lateral restraint provided by the built-in support structure. The end slots of the perforated restraining plate and the perforated backing plate are the same size.

[0051] The X-shaped buckling-restrained brace of Structure 1 consists of seven layers from the back to the front. The plate thickness of the steel plate brace and the restraining steel members, such as the perforated restraining steel plates and perforated pads, on the second, third, fifth, and sixth layers, remains the same. The perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers can be the same thickness as or different from those on the second, third, fifth, and sixth layers. When greater bending resistance is required from the restraining members, in addition to increasing the thickness of the perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers, the perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers can also be replaced with a cross-section with greater bending stiffness, such as perforated restraining channels.

[0052] Taking the first and seventh layers of perforated restraint channels as an example, bidirectional slotted steel plate supports are placed in the third and fifth layers, respectively. Within each layer, the steel plate supports are arranged coplanarly with restraint steel members of the same plate thickness. The fourth layer consists of all thin restraint steel members, all of which have the same plate thickness and are placed coplanarly within the same layer to provide clearance between the restraint steel members and the bidirectional slotted steel plate supports along the thickness direction of the slotted steel plate supports. The perforated restraint steel plates and perforated backing plates within each layer of the second and sixth layers also have the same plate thickness and are placed coplanarly. At the same bolt insertion location, the apertures in the restraint steel members on each layer have the same diameter.

[0053] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that along each support direction, the outer surfaces of each layer of restraining members are flush along the width of the steel plate support. Inside the support, a gap must be left between the restraining members and the support along the width of the steel plate support. The amount of gap can be determined by leaving approximately 0.5mm for every 50mm of steel plate width on each side of the slotted support (the amount of gap on each side of the steel plate support on each side of the slot). The notch depth of the end slotted steel members (including the perforated restraining steel plate, perforated pad, and perforated restraining channel steel) in the restraining members must ensure that the end of the support stiffener and the inner end of the notch are not squeezed along the support axis when the support undergoes the expected maximum axial compressive deformation. The notch width must be 10-15mm larger than the thickness of the support stiffener and ensure that the connecting weld between the stiffener and the steel plate support does not touch the notch edge along the width of the steel plate support. The dimensions of each slotted hole in the slotted constraint slats and thin slotted slats at the inner end of the support must also ensure that the bolt shank within the slotted hole and each end of the slotted hole are not squeezed axially along the support when the support undergoes the expected maximum axial tensile and compressive deformation. The width of the slotted hole can be 1-2 mm larger than the bolt diameter. At the same time, an axial gap must be maintained between the slotted constraint slats at the inner end of the support and the constraint slats with holes in the middle of the support to prevent axial compression of the slotted constraint slats at the inner end of the support and the constraint slats with holes in the middle of the support when the internal steel plate support is compressed for a short period of time. Within the same layer, the dimensions of the broken line section of the perforated pad and the closest distance between the end of the broken line section and the edge of the perforated constraint steel plate (preferably 5-10 mm) must be determined based on the relative rotation requirements between the two supports. The fourth layer of thin steel plate is used to leave a gap between the steel plate support and the constrained steel member along its plate thickness direction. The thickness of the thin steel plate is determined by leaving approximately 0.4mm for every 10mm of the steel plate support thickness (equivalent to 0.2mm on each side in the thickness direction of the steel plate support).

[0054] The second structure (built-in two-way strip steel plate support) Figure 2, which consists of built-in strip steel plate supports and constrained steel components in two directions. Its main components include: four built-in strip steel plate supports and constrained steel components laid on the outside of the supports. Among them, the four built-in strip steel plate supports are exactly the same, and steel plate stiffening ribs are set at both ends of each support. The stiffening ribs at both ends are of the same size and welded to the steel plate supports. The four strip steel plate supports in two directions are not connected to each other and are arranged in an X-shaped cross. Each strip steel plate support is made of a whole piece of steel plate with stiffening ribs welded at both ends. The center line of the stiffening rib plate thickness coincides with the axis of each strip steel plate support.

[0055] In the constrained steel member, the perforated constrained steel plate is slotted at both ends and has three rows of holes running the entire length. The center section has only one larger bolt hole in the middle row, with a diameter no smaller than the remaining bolt holes. This strengthens the connection and local bending resistance of the constrained member's center. The perforated backing plate also has three rows of holes running the entire length, slotted at one end and a broken-line cross-section at the other. This broken-line cross-section facilitates central rotation while minimizing the lateral restraint provided by the built-in support structure. The end slots of the perforated constrained steel plate and the perforated backing plate are the same size, with two grooves provided at the end slots.

[0056] The X-shaped buckling-restrained brace of Structure 2 consists of seven layers from the back to the front. The plate thickness of the steel plate brace and the restraining steel members, such as the perforated restraining steel plates and perforated pads, on the second, third, fifth, and sixth layers, remains the same. The perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers can be the same thickness as or different from those on the second, third, fifth, and sixth layers. When greater bending resistance is required from the restraining members, in addition to increasing the thickness of the perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers, the perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers can also be replaced with a cross-section with greater bending stiffness, such as perforated restraining channels.

[0057] Taking the perforated restraint channel steel used in the first and seventh layers as an example, the bidirectional striped steel plate supports are placed in the third and fifth layers, respectively. Within each layer, the steel plate supports are arranged coplanarly with the restraint steel members of the same plate thickness. The fourth layer consists of all thin restraint steel members. All thin restraint steel members have the same plate thickness and are placed coplanarly within the same layer to leave gaps between the restraint steel members and the bidirectional striped steel plate supports along the thickness direction of the striped steel plate supports. The perforated restraint steel plates and perforated backing plates within each layer of the second and sixth layers also have the same plate thickness and are placed coplanarly. At the same bolt insertion location, the apertures in the restraint steel members on each layer have the same diameter.

[0058] Along the axis of the two strip supports in each direction, the outer surfaces of each layer of restraining members are flush along the width of the steel plate supports. A gap must be maintained between the restraining members and the supports along the width of the steel plate supports. The amount of gap on each side of the strip supports can be determined by allowing approximately 0.5mm for every 50mm of plate width. The notch depth of the end slotted steel members (including the perforated restraining steel plate, perforated backing plate, and perforated restraining channel) in the restraining members must ensure that the end of the support stiffener and the inner end of the notch are not compressed along the support axis when the support undergoes the expected maximum axial compressive deformation. The width of each notch should be 10-15mm greater than the thickness of the support stiffener and ensure that the connecting weld between the stiffener and the steel plate support does not contact the notch edge along the width of the steel plate support. Within the same layer, the dimensions of the perforated backing plate's broken line section and the closest distance between the end of the broken line section and the edge of the perforated restraining steel plate (preferably 5-10mm) should be determined based on the relative rotation requirements between the two supports. The fourth layer of thin steel plate is used to leave a gap between the steel plate support and the constrained steel member along its plate thickness direction. The thickness of the thin steel plate is determined by leaving approximately 0.4mm for every 10mm of the steel plate support thickness (equivalent to 0.2mm on each side in the thickness direction of the steel plate support).

[0059] Furthermore, for configuration 2, the first set of strip support plates 11 (including two strip supports) and the second set of strip support plates 12 (including two strip supports) are both made of the same material. Alternatively, the first and third strip supports can be made of the same material, while the second and fourth strip supports can be made of the same material. This maintains balanced axial forces in both directions and helps prevent the four supports from breaking simultaneously, further improving the ductility of the entire X-shaped buckling-restrained brace.

[0060] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 2 To illustrate this embodiment, the built-in steel plate support and the central overlapping area of ​​the constraining steel member are rotatably connected by passing bolts without pre-tightening force.

[0061] Such a setting can achieve the relative rotation of the constraint members in two directions: Adapting to the change in the included angle: When the X-shaped support is under the action of horizontal load, the included angle of the built-in supports in the two directions will change dynamically (such as the reciprocating deformation during an earthquake). The bolts without pre-tightening force allow the constraint steel members to rotate freely in the middle overlapping area, avoiding the bending or stress concentration of the constraint members caused by the rigid connection. Eliminating rotational constraints: If the pre-tightening force of the bolts is too large, it will restrict the rotation, causing the constraint members to bear additional bending moments and fail prematurely. Improving the local bending resistance of the constraint members in the rotation area: Setting a large bolt without pre-tensioning force to ensure that the constraint steel members in the two directions can rotate with each other while strengthening the joint working ability of the front and back constraint steel members in the middle area, further improving the local bending bearing capacity of the constraint members, and avoiding yielding or local failure of the constraint members: Releasing rotational stress: Traditional fixed connections or pre-tightening bolts will generate shear force or bending moment on the constraint members when the support is deformed. However, the present invention uses a non-pre-tightening connection to make the constraint members only provide lateral constraints and do not participate in axial force, ensuring that they are always in an elastic state. Protecting the central region: The central region is the most complex part of the X-shaped support subjected to stress. The rotatable design disperses the effects of concentrated deformation, preventing tearing or shear damage to the steel plate around the bolt holes. Ensuring free axial deformation of the built-in support: No interference with energy dissipation: The built-in support dissipates energy through axial tensile and compressive yielding. If the restraining member is restricted by bolt preload, this will hinder the support's free deformation and reduce energy dissipation efficiency. Maintaining clearance: Unpreloaded bolts allow the restraining member to slide slightly with the deformation of the built-in support, ensuring that the reserved axial clearance (such as the gap between the notch and the stiffener) remains effective and prevents extrusion. Simplifying assembly and maintenance: Unpreloaded bolts are easier to assemble and disassemble, meeting the "replaceable" design goal of this invention. Reducing friction: The central overlapping surface is greased, and unpreloaded bolts reduce frictional resistance during rotation, preventing wear. Enhancing overall stability: Dynamically coordinated deformation: During an earthquake, the deformation of the two supports is asynchronous. The rotatable connection allows the restraining member to adapt to the deformation difference in real time, avoiding local damage caused by forced coordinated deformation. Other components and connections are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0062] The above-mentioned design of this embodiment achieves the following through the "rotatable non-pretightened connection" in the middle staggered overlapping area: mechanical decoupling of the constraint component and the built-in support; balance between support deformation freedom and constraint continuity; effective release of complex stress in the middle, significantly improving the ductility and durability of the support.

[0063] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figure 1To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, when the built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support, the built-in steel plate support includes a slotted first support plate 1, a slotted second support plate 2 and a slotted stiffening rib 3. The slotted first support plate 1 and the slotted second support plate 2 are both provided with a long slot 4 in the middle along their length direction, and the slotted first support plate 1 and the slotted second support plate 2 are arranged alternately, and slotted stiffening ribs 3 are welded to both end portions of the slotted first support plate 1 and the slotted second support plate 2.

[0064] This arrangement achieves precise energy dissipation: concentrated plastic deformation in the long slot area efficiently dissipates seismic energy; natural restraint: staggered arrangement replaces welded limit clamps to avoid stress concentration; end stability: stiffening ribs ensure a reliable load transfer path and prevent localized instability; and coordinated deformation: clearance fit with the constraining member ensures axial deformation freedom. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Embodiments 1 or 2.

[0065] Among them, the slot design (long slot 4) in this embodiment plays the following roles: (1) forming a clear yield section: the long slot 4 is opened in the middle of the slotted first support plate 1 and the slotted second support plate 2, so that the cross section of this area is weakened, becoming the plastic section (yield section) of the support. (2) under seismic load, the long slot area first undergoes plastic deformation and consumes energy, while the stiffening rib areas (elastic sections) at both ends remain stable, avoiding overall instability. (3) uniform stress distribution: the symmetrical design of the long slot avoids stress concentration caused by sudden changes in cross section, ensuring uniform deformation of the yield section along the axial direction, and improving hysteresis performance.

[0066] The staggered arrangement adopted in this embodiment has the following functions: (1) Natural limit constraint member: The slotted first support plate 1 and the slotted second support plate 2 are arranged in an X-shaped staggered arrangement, and the steel plates in the two directions interlock with each other in the intersection area. The staggered steel plates provide physical limit for the external constraint steel member, preventing the constraint member from sliding along the support axis (no additional welding limit card is required). (2) Enhanced coordination of central rotation: The staggered design allows the two supports to deform independently in the central area, adapting to the angle change through the rotation structure without pre-tightened bolts, and reducing mutual interference.

[0067] The slotted stiffeners 3 used in this embodiment have the following functions: (1) Enhanced end rigidity: The stiffeners are welded to both ends of the steel plate support, significantly improving the bending stiffness of the end section and ensuring that the elastic section does not buckle locally when subjected to stress. (2) Transmitting axial loads: The stiffeners serve as transition components connecting the node and the support body, uniformly transmitting the axial force from the frame beam to the yield section (long slot area) of the support. (3) Gap control function: A gap (10-15mm) is reserved between the thickness of the stiffener and the end notch of the constrained steel member to ensure that the stiffener does not contact the notch when the support is under pressure, thereby preventing the constrained member from participating in the axial load.

[0068] This embodiment can produce synergistic effects with the constraining member: (1) Clearance fit: A gap is reserved between the slotted steel plate and the constraining steel member along the plate thickness direction (0.4mm for every 10mm of plate thickness) to ensure that the support axial deformation is not hindered by the friction of the constraining member. (2) Limitation of the multi-wave buckling amplitude: When the support is compressed, the long slot area undergoes multi-wave bending deformation under the constraint of the hole wall of the constraining member. Reserving the above-mentioned appropriate gap can prevent the built-in energy-absorbing steel plate from premature fatigue fracture due to large-scale multi-wave instability.

[0069] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 To explain this embodiment, in this embodiment, when the built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support, the constrained steel component includes a slotted constraint one-direction constraint slat 5, a slotted constraint two-direction constraint slat 6, a slotted constraint one-direction thin steel plate 7, a slotted constraint two-direction thin steel plate 8, a slotted back constraint frame 9 and a slotted front constraint frame 10. The slotted constraint one-direction thin steel plate 7 is installed on the slotted constraint one-direction constraint slat 5 to form slotted constraint one, and the slotted constraint two-direction thin steel plate 8 is installed on the slotted constraint two-direction constraint slat 6 to form slotted constraint two. The slotted constraint one and the slotted constraint two are respectively installed on the slotted first support plate 1 and the slotted second support plate 2. The slotted back constraint frame 9 and the slotted front constraint frame 10 are respectively installed on the slotted constraint one and the slotted constraint two from the back and front.

[0070] This layered modular design of the constrained steel members (slats + thin steel plates + skeleton) achieves: continuous constraint: the front and back skeletons ensure lateral stability along the entire length of the built-in supports; precise clearance: the thin steel plates control the thickness gap, ensuring flexible support deformation; rotational adaptability: the untightened central bolts allow for dynamic and coordinated deformation; and maintainability: the prefabricated structure facilitates inspection and replacement. Other components and connections are the same as those in any of the first to third embodiments.

[0071] The layered modular design (constraint slats + thin steel plates) used in this embodiment has the following functions:

[0072] 1. Slotted Constraint One / Two-Direction Constraint Plates: (1) Provide Main Constraint Rigidity: As the main load-bearing part of the constrained steel member, it is connected by high-strength bolts to form an overall frame, providing continuous lateral constraints for the built-in support (slotted first support plate 1, slotted second support plate 2) to prevent the support from buckling as a whole. (2) Slotted Adaptive Stiffening Ribs: The slots at the ends of the constraint plate match the stiffening ribs 3 of the built-in support, leaving an axial gap (10-15mm) to ensure that the support is not restricted by the constrained member when it deforms axially.

[0073] 2. Slotted thin steel plates constrained in one or two directions: (1) Auxiliary constraints and gap control: The thin steel plates are thin steel plates installed on the constraint strips to accurately control the gap in the plate thickness direction between the built-in support and the constraint member (0.4mm for every 10mm plate thickness) to avoid friction hindering support deformation. (2) Reasonable control of multi-wave buckling: The thin steel plates and the constraint strips together form the hole wall, limiting the amplitude of the multi-wave bending deformation when the support is under pressure, and optimizing energy efficiency.

[0074] 3. Functions of the front and back restraint frames: (1) Continuity guarantee: The traditional X-shaped support has the problem of restraint disconnection on the front or back, while the front and back restraint frames of the present invention are all continuous components (such as perforated restraint steel plates or channel steels), ensuring that the built-in support obtains uniform lateral restraint throughout the entire length. (2) Enhanced bending resistance: The front and back restraint frames are connected to the central staggered overlapping area through high-strength bolts to form a closed box section (referring to the cross section of the entire support, in addition to the built-in support, the external restraint members form a closed box section, wherein the central slotted area or strip area is a closed box section of two chambers), significantly improving the overall bending resistance of the restraint member and preventing local punching and shear damage. (3) Rotational structural support: The front and back frames are connected in the central area through untightened bolts, allowing the restraint members in both directions to rotate relative to each other and adapt to changes in the support angle (such as reciprocating deformation during an earthquake).

[0075] 4. Synergy with built-in supports: (1) Dynamic deformation adaptation: The layered design of the constrained steel member (slats + thin steel plates + skeleton) is matched with the clearance of the built-in supports to ensure that when the supports are deformed in tension or compression, the constrained members only provide lateral constraints and do not participate in axial forces. (2) Natural limit function: The staggered arrangement of built-in supports in two directions provides natural limit for the constrained steel member through physical interlocking, preventing the constrained member from sliding along the support axis (no need to weld limit clamps).

[0076] 5. Advantages of prefabricated design: Disassembly and maintenance: All restraining steel components are assembled with bolts, making them easy to disassemble for maintenance or replacement of built-in supports. Standardized production: Components such as slats, thin steel plates, and frames can be prefabricated in the factory and quickly assembled on site, improving construction efficiency.

[0077] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the slotted constraint one-direction constraint slats 5 in this embodiment include two supporting outer full-length perforated slats 5-1, supporting inner middle perforated slats 5-2 and two supporting inner end perforated slats 5-3; the two supporting outer full-length perforated slats 5-1 are arranged in parallel, the supporting inner middle perforated slats 5-2 is located between the two supporting outer full-length perforated slats 5-1, and the two supporting inner end perforated slats 5-3 are respectively located on both sides of the supporting inner middle perforated slats 5-2.

[0078] In this arrangement, the slotted, one-way constraint strips serve as a constraining framework, providing lateral stiffness against buckling for the built-in supports; as an assembly carrier, integrating thin steel plates, bolts, and other components to form a modular constraint layer; and as a deformation adapter, accommodating the support's axial deformation and rotational requirements through end slots and a central rotational structure. This embodies the inventive concept of "assembly, rotational, and continuous constraint." Other components and connections are identical to those in any of Specific Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0079] Specific implementation method six: combination Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, two long strip holes are provided on the inner end opening strip 5-3 of the support in this embodiment, and one of the long strip holes partially overlaps with one end of the inner middle opening strip 5-2 of the support.

[0080] This design, through the partial overlap of the elongated holes, achieves: deformation freedom: supporting dynamic adaptation of axial tension, compression, and rotational deformation; stress relief: preventing yielding of the constraining member due to forced coordinated deformation; and construction-friendly: simplifying assembly precision requirements. This embodies the present invention's ability to balance high-strength restraint with flexible deformation capabilities. Other components and connections are identical to those in any of Specific Embodiments 1 through 5.

[0081] Specific implementation method seven: combination Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the slotted and constrained one-directional thin steel plates 7 of this embodiment include four supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates 7-1, two supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plates 7-2 and two supporting inner end slotted strips 7-3; the two supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates 7-1 are a group in the length direction, the two groups of supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates 7-1 are arranged in parallel, the two supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plates 7-2 are located between the two groups of supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates 7-1, and the two supporting inner end slotted strips 7-3 are respectively located on both sides of one supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plate 7-2.

[0082] This arrangement allows the slotted, one-way thin steel plate 7, though thin in nature, to achieve gap control, ensuring support deformation freedom; reasonably restrict buckling, effectively controlling the amplitude of multi-wave instability; provide assembly adaptability, improving construction tolerance; and protect the surface, reducing wear and damage. This achieves both "high-precision constraint" and "low-damage deformation." Other components and connections are identical to those in any of the first to sixth embodiments.

[0083] Specific implementation method eight: combination Figure 1To illustrate this embodiment, the slotted back constraint frame 9 and the slotted front constraint frame 10 of this embodiment have the same structure, and the slotted back constraint frame 9 includes a first hole constraint steel plate 9-1, two first hole pads 9-2, a second hole constraint steel plate 9-3 and two second hole pads 9-4. The two first hole pads 9-2 are installed on the inner side of the first hole constraint steel plate 9-1 to form a first back frame, and the two second hole pads 9-4 are installed on the inner side of the second hole constraint steel plate 9-3 to form a second back frame. The first back frame and the second back frame are arranged alternately and installed on the slotted constraint one-direction constraint strip 5 and the slotted constraint two-direction constraint strip 6; the opposite side ends of the two first hole pads 9-2 and the two second hole pads 9-4 are in a broken line shape.

[0084] This arrangement allows for fully enclosed restraint, eliminating the risk of support buckling. The integrated rotation and bending resistance ensures both flexibility and strength in the central section. The assembled force transmission ensures a balance between ease of construction and mechanical performance. The remaining components and connections are identical to those in any of the first through seventh embodiments.

[0085] The effects of this implementation are specifically embodied in:

[0086] 1. Provide fully enclosed lateral restraint:

[0087] (1) Functional realization: The front and back restraint frames (9, 10) serve as the outermost layer of the restrained steel members, and are connected by high-strength bolts to form a closed box section, which completely wraps the built-in support (slotted steel plate 1 / 2).

[0088] (2) Technical level: Prevent the built-in support from buckling or twisting when under pressure; ensure that the support obtains continuous and uniform lateral restraint throughout its entire length (including the central staggered area).

[0089] 2. Enhance the anti-bending ability of the central rotation area:

[0090] (1) Key structural design: The front and back frames are connected in the middle overlapping area by large-diameter bolts without pre-tightening, allowing the constrained components in two directions to rotate relative to each other; the continuity and box-shaped section of the frame significantly improve the local bending stiffness of this area, avoiding the punching shear or local bending damage caused by the disconnection of the constraint in the middle of the traditional X-shaped support.

[0091] (2) Earthquake adaptability: When the support angle changes dynamically during an earthquake, the skeleton releases stress by rotating the structure and maintains its elastic state.

[0092] 3. Realize modular assembly of the constraint system:

[0093] (1) Layered assembly core: The back frame 9 and the front frame 10 are the outermost layers, which are quickly connected to the middle layer (constraint slats, thin steel plates) through bolts; they support non-destructive disassembly and are convenient for maintenance or replacement of built-in supports.

[0094] (2) Standardized production: The frame can be prefabricated with hot-rolled steel plates or channel steels and assembled on site after drilling / grooving to improve construction efficiency.

[0095] 4. Optimize load transfer path:

[0096] (1) Mechanical synergy: The front and back frames are aligned with the stiffening ribs 3 of the built-in supports, and the shear force from the frame beam is evenly transmitted to the entire support system through the support end connection.

[0097] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figure 2 To illustrate this embodiment, when the built-in steel plate support is a striped steel plate support, the built-in steel plate support includes a first group of striped support plates 11, a second group of striped support plates 12 and striped stiffening ribs 13, and two striped stiffening ribs 13 are respectively installed at both ends of the first group of striped support plates 11 and the second group of striped support plates 12.

[0098] This arrangement achieves safety redundancy: striping prevents instantaneous failure of entire steel plates, improving seismic reliability; precise energy dissipation: stiffening ribs define the elastic / yield zones, optimizing the distribution of plastic deformation; and collaborative constraint: a highly efficient interaction mechanism with external restraining components is established. This embodies the present invention's approach to addressing high-load bearing capacity requirements and fracture control. Other components and connections are identical to those in any of Specific Embodiments 1 through 8.

[0099] The functions of the strip support plates in this embodiment are: (1) Strip energy dissipation design, two independent strip support plates are set in each direction (such as the first group 11 contains two plates), and the strip structure is used to achieve: (2) Successive fracture control: when a single support breaks, the other can still maintain part of the bearing capacity, avoiding the sudden drop in the lateral resistance after the traditional integral support breaks; (3) Material differentiation configuration: 1 / 3 and 2 / 4 of the strip support can use steel with different strength or ductility (such as a combination of high and low yield points) to further optimize the fracture sequence and energy dissipation gradient. (4) Mechanical advantages of staggered arrangement: The strip supports in two directions are staggered in an X shape to form a natural limit; (5) Replace the traditional welded limit card to avoid stress concentration; (6) The cross area constrains the axial sliding of the external constraint member through physical interlocking.

[0100] The functions of the strip stiffening ribs 13 in this embodiment are: (1) Strengthening the end rigidity: The stiffening ribs 13 are welded at both ends of each strip support plate, significantly improving the bending stiffness of the end section and ensuring that the elastic section (non-yielding section) does not buckle locally when subjected to stress; (2) A 10-15mm gap is reserved between the thickness of the stiffening rib and the notch of the constraining steel member to prevent the constraining member from participating in the axial load. (3) Efficient load transfer: The stiffening ribs serve as transition components between the support and the frame beam / column connection node, uniformly transferring external loads to the yield section of the strip support plate (the middle area without stiffening ribs); (4) The welds avoid the edges of the constraint notch to prevent stress concentration.

[0101] The synergistic mechanism of this implementation method and the restraining steel member is as follows: (1) Gap optimization: A gap of 0.5mm is left every 50mm along the width of the plate between the strip support plate and the restraining steel member to ensure free axial deformation; the strip design allows the arrangement of additional restraining strips between the two supports, reducing the bolt spacing and enhancing the bending resistance of the middle part. (2) Multi-wave buckling guidance: The hole wall of the restraining steel member limits the buckling shape of the strip support plate when it is under pressure, so that it can effectively control the amplitude of multi-wave bending deformation, prevent premature low-cycle fatigue fracture due to large bending, and dissipate seismic energy mainly through axial repeated plastic deformation.

[0102] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figure 2 To illustrate this embodiment, when the built-in steel plate support is a striped steel plate support, the constrained steel component includes a striped support one-direction constraining slat 14, a striped support two-direction constraining slat 15, a striped support one-direction thin steel plate 16, a striped support two-direction thin steel plate 17, a striped back side constraining frame 18 and a striped front side constraining frame 19. The striped support one-direction constraining slat 14 is installed on the first group of striped support plates 11, the striped support one-direction thin steel plate 16 is a disconnected thin steel plate, and the striped support one-direction thin steel plate 16 is installed on the striped support one-direction constraining slat 14; the striped support two-direction constraining slat 15 and the striped support two-direction thin steel plate 17 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the second group of striped support plates 12; the striped back side constraining frame 18 and the striped front side constraining frame 19 are respectively installed on the striped support one-direction thin steel plate 16 and the striped support two-direction constraining slat 15.

[0103] Combine Figures 1 to 7 The specific implementation process of the present invention is described as follows:

[0104] 1) Fabrication of built-in slotted steel plate supports or striped steel plate supports

[0105] For configuration one, cut and blank the steel plates required for the slotted steel plate supports and stiffeners, and slot the steel plate supports. One slotted steel plate support is placed in each direction, for a total of two slotted steel plate supports arranged in an X-shape, unconnected in the middle. In actual production, the slotted steel plate supports and stiffeners can be cut from the same piece of steel plate.

[0106] The slotted steel plate supports are planed, including milling the edges of the internal slotted areas and smoothing the edges of the stiffening ribs. The slotted steel plate supports and stiffening ribs are then welded together. The unslotted sections of the slotted steel plate supports (including those with stiffening ribs) are considered elastic, while the slotted sections are considered yielding. Furthermore, the slotted restraining strips at the inner ends of the supports are welded coplanarly to the steel plate supports (the weld is located midway across the plate width at the ends of the slotted restraining strips, and the weld length is approximately one-third of the width of the strip). The weld surface is ground flush with the plate surface.

[0107] For the second structure, cut the steel plates required for the striped steel plate supports and stiffeners. Two striped steel plate supports are placed in each direction, for a total of four internal striped steel plate supports arranged in an X-shape, unconnected in the middle. In actual production, the striped steel plate supports and stiffeners can be cut from the same piece of steel plate.

[0108] The strip steel plate support is planed and the edges of the stiffening ribs are smoothed. The strip support and stiffening ribs are then welded together. The section of the strip support with stiffening ribs is the elastic section, and the section without stiffening ribs is the yield section.

[0109] 2) Fabrication of restrained steel components

[0110] The first construction:

[0111] The perforated restraining steel plates, perforated backing plates, outer support perforated restraining strips, inner middle support perforated restraining strips, inner end slotted support strips, outer continuous thin perforated strips, inner middle thin perforated strips, inner end thin slotted support strips, outer disconnected thin perforated strips (each consisting of two sections), and inner middle disconnected thin perforated strips are all cut and blanked as required, with holes and slots drilled, and the edges of the plates smoothed. The altered thickness areas of the inner middle support perforated restraining strips and inner end slotted support strips can be milled to half the thickness or butt-welded from plates of different thicknesses.

[0112] The second construction:

[0113] The hole constraint steel plates, hole pads, supporting outer hole constraint strips, supporting inner hole constraint strips, supporting outer full-length thin hole strips, supporting inner full-length thin hole strips, supporting outer disconnected thin hole strips (each including two sections) and supporting inner disconnected thin hole strips are all cut and blanked as required, and holes and grooves are opened, and the edges of the plates are smoothed.

[0114] The first and second constructions:

[0115] To ensure dimensional accuracy and facilitate precise assembly, the plate thickness of the restraining steel components within each layer is the same. During actual fabrication, the same steel plate can be used for blanking. The steel plate supports and other restraining steel components, such as the perforated restraining steel plates and perforated backing plates on the second, third, fifth, and sixth layers, are all made of the same thickness. During actual fabrication, the same steel plate can be used for blanking. The perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers can have the same or different thicknesses as those on the second, third, fifth, and sixth layers. When greater bending resistance is required, in addition to increasing the thickness of the perforated restraining steel plates on the first and seventh layers, these can be replaced with a section with greater bending stiffness, such as perforated restraining channels. Channel sections can be hot-rolled or welded, with slots and holes cut into them. All thin restraining steel components on the fourth layer are made of the same thickness. During actual fabrication, the same thin steel plate can be used for blanking, with holes or slots cut into them.

[0116] 3) Leave a gap between the built-in slotted steel plate support or strip steel plate support and the X-shaped restraining steel member.

[0117] 4) Assembly of X-shaped buckling-restrained braces

[0118] The first construction:

[0119] It is divided into seven layers, and the assembly order from back to front is as follows:

[0120] (1) Place the perforated restraint steel plate along the slotted support direction on a horizontal plane (when using perforated restraint channel steel, the web of the channel steel is on the upper side) to form the first layer.

[0121] (2) Place the second layer of restraining steel members (including the perforated pad along the direction of the slotted support 2 and the perforated restraining steel plate along the direction of the slotted support) coplanarly on the first layer.

[0122] (3) Place the third layer of restraining steel members and steel plate supports coplanarly on the second layer (first place the slotted support 2 with the slotted restraining strip welded to the inner end of the support, then place the restraining strip with the hole in the middle of the inner side of the support and the restraining strip with the hole on the outer side of the support parallel to the direction of slotted support 2, and place the perforated pad along the direction of slotted support 1).

[0123] (4) Place the two thin confined steel members in the slotted support direction of the fourth layer coplanarly on the third layer.

[0124] (5) Place the fifth layer of restraining steel members and steel plate supports coplanarly on the fourth layer (first place the slotted support 1 with the slotted restraining strip welded to the inner end of the support, then place the restraining strip with the hole in the middle of the inner side of the support and the restraining strip with the hole on the outer side of the support parallel to the direction of slotted support 1, and place the perforated pad along the direction of slotted support 2).

[0125] (6) Place the restraining steel members of the sixth layer (including the perforated pad along the direction of slotted support 1 and the perforated restraining steel plate along the direction of slotted support 2) coplanarly on the fifth layer.

[0126] (7) Place the perforated restraint steel plate along the direction of the slotted support 1 on the sixth layer (when the perforated restraint channel steel is used, the web of the channel steel is on the lower side) to form the seventh layer.

[0127] (8) To ensure correct positioning, during assembly, ensure that each support direction of the same bolt position corresponds to the coaxial center of the bolt holes of each layer of constraint components, and check the positioning of each layer of constraint steel components.

[0128] (9) After all the restraining steel members, the two built-in slotted supports, and the gap between the restraining steel members and the slotted restraints have been checked and adjusted correctly, the high-strength bolts are installed and tightened (a high-strength bolt with a large bolt hole in the middle of the restraining member is used without applying pre-tightening force). This completes the assembly of the entire first-type X-shaped support member.

[0129] The second construction:

[0130] It is divided into seven layers, and the assembly order from back to front is as follows:

[0131] (1) Place the open-hole restraint steel plate along the direction of the third and fourth strip supports on a horizontal plane (when using open-hole restraint channel steel, the web of the channel steel is on the upper side) to form the first layer.

[0132] (2) Place the second layer of restraining steel components (including the perforated pads along the direction of the third and fourth strip supports and the perforated restraining steel plates along the direction of the first and second strip supports) coplanarly on the first layer.

[0133] (3) Place the third layer of restraining steel members and steel plate supports coplanarly on the second layer (first place the third and fourth strip supports, then place the inner and outer opening restraining strips parallel to the direction of the third and fourth strip supports, and place the opening pads along the direction of the first and second strip supports).

[0134] (4) Place the four thin restrained steel members in the strip support direction of the fourth layer coplanarly on the third layer.

[0135] (5) Place the fifth layer of restraining steel members and steel plate supports coplanarly on the fourth layer (place the first strip support and the second strip support first, then place the restraining slats with openings on the inner side of the support and the restraining slats with openings on the outer side of the support parallel to the direction of the first strip support and the second strip support, and place the opening pads along the direction of the third strip support and the fourth strip support).

[0136] (6) Place the restraining steel members of the sixth layer (including the perforated pads along the direction of the first and second strip supports and the perforated restraining steel plates along the direction of the third and fourth strip supports) coplanarly on the fifth layer.

[0137] (7) Place the open-hole restraint steel plate along the direction of the first strip support and the second strip support on the sixth layer (when the open-hole restraint channel steel is used, the web of the channel steel is on the lower side) to form the seventh layer.

[0138] (8) To ensure correct positioning, during assembly, ensure that each support direction of the same bolt position corresponds to the coaxial center of the bolt holes of each layer of constraint components, and check the positioning of each layer of constraint components.

[0139] (9) After all the restraining steel members, the four built-in strip supports, and the gaps between the restraining steel members and the strip supports have been checked and adjusted correctly, the high-strength bolts are installed and tightened (a high-strength bolt with a large bolt hole in the middle of the restraining member is not pre-tightened). This completes the assembly of the entire second-type X-shaped support member.

[0140] If you need to disassemble the support, unscrew the bolts and remove the components in the reverse order of the above installation.

[0141] Before assembly, first remove the rust from the surface of the steel plate support, and then apply high-temperature and aging-resistant grease on the contact area between the surface of the steel plate support and the overlapping constraint steel components in the middle to reduce the friction between the steel plate support and the constraint components and between the constraint components in the mutual rotation area and prevent the rust of the slotted steel plate support or the strip steel plate support.

[0142] In addition, the present invention has a total of seven layers of constrained steel components on the front and back sides that are assembled through high-strength bolt connections, encapsulating the slotted steel plate supports or striped steel plate supports that are built-in and intertwined in two directions and are not connected to each other. It is worth noting that the constrained steel components in the two directions of the present invention can not only support each other in the middle, but also rotate with each other. When steel plates are used, the thickness of the constrained components can be greatly reduced, and the use space can be expanded. Stiffening ribs are welded to the ends of the built-in slotted steel plate supports or striped steel plate supports. Along the axis of each support, the constrained components are connected with three rows of bolts. In addition to the two rows of bolts at the edges, constrained strips and bolts are also set in the grooves of the slotted steel plate supports or between the striped steel plate supports, which can greatly improve the bending resistance and local shear resistance of the constrained components. Grease is applied between the contact surfaces of each layer of constrained steel components in the central staggered overlapping area to facilitate the mutual rotation of the constrained components in the two directions. Each layer of constrained steel components can be made of hot-rolled steel plates or steel sections, avoiding additional welding processing. The open-hole constrained steel components are connected with high-strength bolts. Along the axial direction of the steel plate support, the notches of the slotted parts at both ends of the constrained steel members and the stiffening ribs at both ends of the corresponding supports leave appropriate axial gaps, and the gaps left at both ends are the same. It should also be noted that in the middle staggered overlapping area, the constrained steel members in both directions are only equipped with one high-strength bolt with an enlarged diameter that does not apply pre-tension, and no other high-strength bolts that apply pre-tension are provided. In the middle staggered overlapping area, the slotted steel plate supports or striped steel plate supports in both directions are not connected. In this way, the built-in steel plates and constrained members in both directions can rotate relative to each other within the plane of the support, and outside the support plane, the constrained members and steel plate supports in both directions can actually support each other.

[0143] The transmission relationship of the present invention is as follows:

[0144] Under the influence of horizontal earthquakes or wind, when adjacent upper and lower floors experience relative horizontal lateral displacement, the assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained braces shift horizontally toward their original position. This causes the built-in brace connected to the frame beam to be compressed or stretched axially during the entire support's horizontal lateral displacement. When the brace is compressed, the axial gap between the stiffening ribs at both ends of the brace and the slotted components of the constraining steel member (perforated constraining steel plates (or even perforated constraining channels) and perforated pads) allows the brace to deform freely axially relative to the constraining steel member. This allows for smoother axial tensile and compressive deformation of the slotted or stripped steel plate supports in both directions during horizontal lateral displacement. Furthermore, the present invention's practice of leaving axial gaps between the upper and lower notches of the constraining steel member and the upper and lower stiffening ribs of the built-in brace facilitates the design principle and stress characteristics of ensuring that the constraining member primarily serves to provide normal bending resistance for the support, while minimizing axial pressure and yielding of the constraining member. Furthermore, the restraining steel members of the present invention utilize three rows of bolts for connection. In addition to the two rows of bolts at the edges, restraining strips and bolts are also installed within the slots of the slotted steel plate supports or between the stripped steel plate supports. This significantly improves the restraining member's bending resistance and localized shear resistance, thus avoiding damage to the central restraining member of existing X-shaped buckling-restrained braces that rotate in the middle. When the floor steel beams undergo plastic deformation and significant axial tension or compression deformation under the action of a large earthquake, the demand for mutual rotational capability between the two supports of the X-shaped buckling-restrained brace is further increased. The present invention's perforated backing plate has a broken-line cross-section at the inner end, and the distance between the perforated backing plate end and the edge of the perforated restraining steel plate is maintained. This rotational capability requirement can be met through the mutually rotating structure of the central portion.

[0145] Because the X-shaped restraining steel member is installed on slotted or stripped steel plate supports in two directions with a gap between them, when the X-shaped support moves horizontally, the internal supports drive the restraining steel member to move both horizontally and rotationally. The two internal supports are responsible for bearing all horizontal forces. The restraining member acts as a bending member to provide lateral restraint for the internal supports. When the X-shaped restraining member provides sufficient lateral restraint for the internal supports, it ensures that the supports do not become unstable as a whole under compression. Under horizontal reciprocating force, both internal supports can yield under both tension and compression and continue to bear loads. The inter-rotating structure of the restraining member ensures smoother lateral deformation and more balanced force distribution during support movement, preventing yielding and failure of the restraining member. Furthermore, the restraining member is precisely assembled and installed on the staggered internal supports using bolts. The staggered internal supports in both directions create a natural limiter for the X-shaped restraining member, facilitating precise construction and gap control, while also effectively controlling the placement of the restraining member on the support. This can avoid the currently widely used practice of welding limit clips on built-in supports, which leads to support stress concentration and early low-cycle fatigue failure. It is conducive to achieving a more uniform cross-section and axial force in the support yield section, which can further improve the ductility of the X-shaped buckling-restrained support.

[0146] Combine Figures 1 to 6 The working principle of the present invention is described:

[0147] The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with built-in parallel strip steel plates in the middle of the staggered and stacked rotatable steel members is essentially a new type of buckling-restrained brace that uses built-in strip steel plates to support yield energy dissipation and provides lateral constraints by assembling X-shaped constraint steel members. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The assembled X-shaped anti-buckling support is connected to the steel frame by welding the thick end plates. A reasonable structure should ensure that the support can achieve the following working state: that is, the two-way supports should minimize the adverse interaction between the two while utilizing the mutual support effect to improve their overall stable bearing capacity under pressure. Based on this consideration, the present invention leaves gaps along the axial direction of the support between the upper and lower notches of the constraint member and the upper and lower end stiffening ribs of the built-in support, and sets large bolts without pre-tensioning that pass through the strip steel plate support or channel steel plate support in the middle of the constraint member to ensure that the constraint steel members in the two directions can rotate with each other, and adopts continuous constraint steel members such as open hole constraint steel plates or open hole constraint channel steels on the front and back of the X-shaped support, and then the built-in supports and constraint steel members in the two directions are staggered and overlapped in the middle, and the middle is staggered and overlapped. Grease is applied between the surfaces to give full play to the beneficial effect of the mutual support between the anti-buckling supports in two directions, thereby improving the overall stable bearing capacity of the anti-buckling support and further reducing the cross-sectional size of the constraint member, making the design of the X-shaped anti-buckling support more economical; at the same time, the axial gap and the structure of mutual rotation in the middle are used to ensure that the steel plate support can smoothly undergo axial tension and compression deformation during the translation and rotation of the constraint member driven by the two built-in supports, and the constraint member can adapt to the rotation deformation requirements caused by the change in the angle between the two supports in real time, avoiding yielding and damage of the constraint member.

[0148] Because of the gap left between the built-in striped steel plate support and the constraining steel member, the built-in striped steel plate support will undergo multiple-wave bending deformation within the hole wall of the constraining steel member after yielding under pressure, thereby locally squeezing the constraining steel member at the peaks or troughs of the bending deformation. Both Structure 1 and Structure 2 of the present invention utilize the spacing of the striped steel plate supports and the slotted space of the slotted steel plate supports in the central staggered overlapping area to set a large bolt without pre-tensioning to ensure that the constraining steel members in both directions can rotate with each other while strengthening the joint working ability of the front and back constraining steel members in the central area, further improving the local bending bearing capacity of the constraining member and avoiding local bending damage caused by the built-in striped steel plate support punching and shearing the constraining steel member after multiple-wave bending deformation around its weak axis. Compared with the previous structure that uses a large central disc to achieve rotation, the present invention does not use a central disc, which simplifies and facilitates the production of the restraining component, reduces the central rotation area, and reduces the bolt spacing along the support axis in the central staggered overlapping area of ​​the restraining component assembled in each direction, which can enhance the local bending resistance of the restraining component in the central rotation area and avoid local bending damage.

[0149] The restraining steel members in each direction should be continuous and be able to provide continuous bending resistance for the built-in supports in the corresponding direction, thereby ensuring that the built-in supports receive continuous lateral support from the restraining steel members. In previous X-shaped anti-buckling supports with central rotation, there was always a problem of poor continuity of the restraining members in the middle of the front or back side, resulting in hidden dangers in the local restraining capacity of the headquarters, and prone to local bending damage under the punching and shearing action of the built-in supports. For Structure 1 and Structure 2 of the present invention, continuous restraining steel members such as continuous open-hole restraining steel plates or open-hole restraining channel steels are used on the front and back sides of the X-shaped supports, which are connected together with high-strength bolts to greatly improve the continuity and bending resistance of the restraining steel members.

[0150] The floor shear forces applied to the assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained braces are shared axially by the compression braces in one direction and the tension braces in the other. Due to the staggered central structure, the compression braces benefit from the lateral support provided by the tension braces, thereby enhancing their overall compressive stability. When the assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained braces operate within the axial yield displacement of the corresponding brace, the internal X-shaped braces remain unyielding and the braces are in an elastic state. When the inter-story lateral displacement exceeds the axial yield displacement of the corresponding brace, the internal X-shaped braces enter yield mode, dissipating energy through the accumulated plastic development of the yield section of the internal X-shaped braces. The internal, bidirectional, striped steel plate braces (including slotted steel plate braces) feature rotatable stiffeners at the upper and lower ends along the axial gap between the braces and the center of the restraining steel members, ensuring smooth axial tensile and compressive deformation and angle changes between the two braces, preventing compression of the restraining steel members that could lead to yielding and failure. This ensures that the slotted or striped steel plate braces, along with all restraining steel members, remain in an elastic state throughout the stiffener-deployed sections.

[0151] When a large axial force is required to meet the bearing capacity requirements in the application of X-shaped anti-buckling supports, in order to avoid the fracture of the entire cross-section of the built-in support in one direction, which will suddenly and significantly weaken the lateral resistance of the support, the present invention adopts slotted steel plate supports or striped steel plate supports, which splits the previous whole support in each direction into two supports, making it easy to achieve the successive fracture of the support cross-section. In this way, even if the support breaks under tension, the cross-section of the support that breaks successively is smaller, so that the amplitude of the bearing capacity that decreases successively is also smaller, which helps to slowly reduce the lateral bearing capacity and stiffness of the structure, and facilitates the redistribution of the internal force of the structure and the stable stress. In particular, for structure two, in addition to making the first strip support, the second strip support, the third strip support and the fourth strip support all of the same material, the first strip support and the third strip support can also be made of the same material, while the second strip support and the fourth strip support can be made of the same other material. In this way, the strip supports in the two directions are arranged symmetrically, which can keep the axial forces of the supports in the two directions balanced. Moreover, when two built-in supports with different yield strengths and plastic deformation capacities are used under load in the same direction, it is easier to control the successive fracture of the support cross section, which is more conducive to achieving the four strip supports breaking at different times, further improving the ductility of the entire X-shaped buckling-restrained support.

[0152] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with staggered and rotatable steel members in the middle and built-in parallel strip steel plates, characterized by: It includes built-in steel plate supports and constrained steel components. The built-in steel plate supports are staggered in two directions and not connected in the middle. The constrained steel components are laid on the outside of the built-in supports and are provided with rotatable connections in the staggered overlapping area in the middle. The built-in steel plate supports are slotted steel plate supports or striped steel plate supports. A gap is left between the built-in steel plate supports and the constrained steel components along the axial direction and the plate thickness and plate width directions.

2. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with staggered and rotatable steel members in the middle and built-in parallel strip steel plates according to claim 1 is characterized by: The built-in steel plate support and the central staggered overlapping area of ​​the constrained steel member are rotatably connected by passing bolts without pre-tightening force.

3. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 2 is characterized by: When the built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support, the built-in steel plate support comprises a slotted first support plate (1), a slotted second support plate (2) and a slotted stiffening rib (3), the slotted first support plate (1) and the slotted second support plate (2) are both provided with a long slot (4) in the middle along their length direction, and the slotted first support plate (1) and the slotted second support plate (2) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the slotted stiffening rib (3) is welded to both end portions of the slotted first support plate (1) and the slotted second support plate (2).

4. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 3 is characterized by: When the built-in steel plate support is a slotted steel plate support, the constrained steel member includes a slotted one-direction constrained plate (5), a slotted two-direction constrained plate (6), a slotted one-direction constrained thin steel plate (7), a slotted two-direction constrained thin steel plate (8), a slotted back side constrained frame (9), and a slotted front side constrained frame (10). The slotted constraint one direction thin steel plate (7) is installed on the slotted constraint one direction constraint strip (5) to form slotted constraint one, and the slotted constraint two direction thin steel plate (8) is installed on the slotted constraint two direction constraint strip (6) to form slotted constraint two. The slotted constraint one and the slotted constraint two are installed on the slotted first support plate (1) and the slotted second support plate (2) respectively. The slotted back constraint frame (9) and the slotted front constraint frame (10) are installed on the slotted constraint one and the slotted constraint two from the back and front respectively.

5. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 4 is characterized by: The slotted constraint one-direction constraint strip (5) comprises two supporting outer full-length perforated strips (5-1), an inner middle perforated strip (5-2) and two inner end perforated strips (5-3); the two supporting outer full-length perforated strips (5-1) are arranged in parallel, the inner middle perforated strip (5-2) is located between the two supporting outer full-length perforated strips (5-1), and the two inner end perforated strips (5-3) are respectively located on both sides of the inner middle perforated strip (5-2).

6. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two long strip holes are formed on the support inner end opening strip (5-3), and one of the long strip holes partially overlaps with one end of the support inner middle opening strip (5-2).

7. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slotted and constrained one-directional thin steel plate (7) comprises four supporting outer disconnected perforated thin steel plates (7-1), two supporting inner middle disconnected perforated thin steel plates (7-2), and two supporting inner end slotted strips (7-3); The two outer-side disconnected perforated thin steel plates (7-1) of the supports are arranged in a group in the length direction. The two groups of outer-side disconnected perforated thin steel plates (7-1) of the supports are arranged in parallel. The two inner-side middle disconnected perforated thin steel plates (7-2) of the supports are located between the two groups of outer-side disconnected perforated thin steel plates (7-1). The two inner-side end slotted strips (7-3) of the supports are respectively located on both sides of one inner-side middle disconnected perforated thin steel plate (7-2).

8. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slotted back constraint frame (9) and the slotted front constraint frame (10) have the same structure. The slotted back constraint frame (9) includes a first hole constraint steel plate (9-1), two first hole pads (9-2), a second hole constraint steel plate (9-3) and two second hole pads (9-4). Two first hole-opening pads (9-2) are installed on the inner side of the first hole-opening constraint steel plate (9-1) to form a first back frame, and two second hole-opening pads (9-4) are installed on the inner side of the second hole-opening constraint steel plate (9-3) to form a second back frame. The first back frame and the second back frame are arranged alternately and installed on the slotted constraint one-direction constraint strip (5) and the slotted constraint two-direction constraint strip (6); The opposite side ends of the two first perforated pads (9-2) and the two second perforated pads (9-4) are in a broken line shape.

9. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the built-in steel plate support is a striped steel plate support, the built-in steel plate support comprises a first group of striped support plates (11), a second group of striped support plates (12) and striped stiffening ribs (13), and two striped stiffening ribs (13) are respectively installed at both ends of the first group of striped support plates (11) and the second group of striped support plates (12).

10. The assembled X-shaped buckling-restrained brace with central staggered and rotatable steel members and internally arranged parallel strip steel plates according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the built-in steel plate support is a striped steel plate support, the constrained steel member includes a striped support one-direction constraining plate (14), a striped support two-direction constraining plate (15), a striped support one-direction thin steel plate (16), a striped support two-direction thin steel plate (17), a striped back side constraining frame (18) and a striped front side constraining frame (19). The strip support one direction constraint strip (14) is installed on the first group of strip support plates (11); the strip support one direction thin steel plate (16) is a disconnected thin steel plate; the strip support one direction thin steel plate (16) is installed on the strip support one direction constraint strip (14); The two-way constraint strips (15) of the strip support and the two-way thin steel plates (17) of the strip support are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the second group of strip support plates (12); the back constraint frame (18) of the strip support and the front constraint frame (19) of the strip support are respectively installed on the one-way thin steel plates (16) of the strip support and the two-way constraint strips (15).

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