Glass fiber reinforced plastic icing and ice melting full-process simulation test system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and relates to a glass fiber reinforced plastic icing and ice melting full-process simulation testing system and method. The system comprises an air duct; an axial flow fan, a temperature and humidity measuring instrument, a wind speed measuring instrument, a spraying device and a glass fiber reinforced plastic sample sheet are sequentially arranged in the air duct; the surface of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample is covered with a heating plate; ultrasonic range finders are arranged around the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample, and the ultrasonic range finders and the heating plate are electrically connected with the control center. By simulating different low-temperature environments and humidity conditions, real-time monitoring and data acquisition of the icing process of the glass fiber reinforced plastic test piece in multiple environments are realized, the icing and ice melting characteristics of the glass fiber reinforced plastic in different environments can be accurately researched, and more reliable data support is provided for the application of the glass fiber reinforced plastic in the low-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and relates to a full-process simulation testing system and method for glass fiber reinforced plastic icing and melting. Background Art

[0002] In many fields such as aerospace and wind power equipment, fiberglass is widely used due to its advantages such as light weight and high strength. However, in low-temperature environments, the surface of fiberglass is prone to ice formation, which can seriously affect equipment performance and even threaten operational safety. Currently, the study of ice formation and ice melting on fiberglass is mainly carried out through natural environment observation or numerical simulation. Natural environment observation is limited by geographical and seasonal factors, the test cycle is long and data acquisition is difficult; although numerical simulation can quickly obtain results, the simplification of the model leads to deviations from the actual situation, making it difficult to accurately reflect the actual ice formation and ice melting process.

[0003] However, the equipment used to study icing has many limitations. When it comes to simulating experimental environments, most existing test benches struggle to accurately and stably simulate the complex and changing real-world operating conditions. Some equipment can only achieve simple temperature adjustments, unable to precisely control humidity and wind speed simultaneously, making it impossible to simulate icing conditions in extreme environments such as high humidity and low wind speeds. Furthermore, environmental parameters fluctuate significantly. For example, temperature control often only achieves an accuracy of ±2-3°C, which is insufficient for high-precision research on icing processes.

[0004] Existing measurement methods are unable to fully capture key parameters during the icing process. Important parameters such as ice thickness during icing lack effective real-time measurement methods, requiring only indirect calculations or post-measurement, resulting in poor data accuracy and timeliness.

[0005] The observation methods are also relatively backward. Most experiments can only observe the freezing conditions with the naked eye, making it difficult to record the microscopic changes in the freezing process. There is a lack of high-resolution observation equipment that can record in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of poor accuracy and low efficiency in the existing technology, and to provide a full-process simulation test system and method for FRP icing and melting. By simulating different low-temperature environments and humidity conditions, real-time monitoring and data collection of the icing process of FRP specimens in multiple environments can be achieved. The icing and melting characteristics of FRP can be accurately studied, and more reliable data support can be provided for the application of FRP in low-temperature environments.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a full-process simulation test system for ice formation and melting of fiberglass, including an air duct; an axial flow fan, a temperature and humidity measuring instrument, a wind speed measuring instrument, a spray device and a fiberglass sample are sequentially arranged in the air duct; the surface of the fiberglass sample is covered with a heating plate; an ultrasonic rangefinder is arranged around the fiberglass sample, and the ultrasonic rangefinder and the heating plate are both electrically connected to a control center.

[0008] Preferably, a rectifying grid is provided between the axial flow fan and the temperature and humidity measuring instrument.

[0009] Preferably, a flow equalizing plate is provided between the temperature and humidity measuring instrument and the wind speed measuring instrument.

[0010] Preferably, cameras are arranged around the fiberglass sample.

[0011] Preferably, a cold light source is provided around the camera.

[0012] Preferably, the camera and the cold light source are both electrically connected to a control center.

[0013] Preferably, the axial flow fan, temperature and humidity measuring instrument, wind speed measuring instrument and spraying device are all electrically connected to the control center.

[0014] Preferably, the air duct is made of transparent material.

[0015] Preferably, the simulation test system is arranged in an enthalpy difference laboratory.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for simulating the entire process of ice formation and ice melting of glass fiber reinforced plastics, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Outside air is sucked into the air duct and a stable airflow is generated through the axial flow fan; the airflow passes through the temperature and humidity measuring instrument and the wind speed measuring instrument in turn to measure the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the airflow respectively; the spray device is used to spray droplets, and spray the droplets onto the surface of the fiberglass sample through the airflow to form an ice layer; the ultrasonic rangefinder is used to measure the thickness of the ice layer and transmit the ice layer thickness data to the control center. When it is monitored that the ice layer thickness reaches the preset threshold, the control center controls the heating plate to heat up, so that the ice layer on the surface of the fiberglass sample melts.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses an axial flow fan, a rectifier grille and a flow equalizer to form a three-level airflow control system, accurately constructing a uniform and stable experimental flow field, providing an ideal airflow environment for the experiment. Through the temperature and humidity measuring instrument and the wind speed measuring instrument, the key parameters in the climatic conditions can be monitored in real time and accurately, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the climatic conditions and meeting the requirements of different experimental scenarios for environmental parameters. The spray device can reproduce various precipitation environments with a high degree of realism, providing strong support for the performance of research materials under different precipitation conditions. The ultrasonic rangefinder monitors the ice thickness in real time, and the heating plate automatically performs the ice melting operation according to the monitoring data, thereby automatically completing the ice thickness detection and ice melting process control, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the experimental process. In addition, the entire system of the present invention realizes centralized management and data acquisition through the control center, realizes accurate control of test parameters and comprehensive data collection, provides crucial experimental means and technical support for the research and development of anti-icing / de-icing technology of fiberglass materials, and strongly promotes technological innovation and development in related fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a full-process simulation test system for ice formation and melting of fiberglass reinforced plastics according to the present invention.

[0020] Among them: 1. Axial flow fan; 2. Rectifier grille; 3. Temperature and humidity measuring instrument; 4. Flow equalizing plate; 5. Ultrasonic rangefinder; 6. Wind speed measuring instrument; 7. Spraying device; 8. Heating plate; 9. Cold light source; 10. Camera; 11. Fiberglass sample; 12. Control center; 13. Air duct; 14. Enthalpy difference laboratory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0027] The first object of the present invention is to provide a full-process simulation test system for ice formation and ice melting of glass fiber reinforced plastics. Figure 1 As shown, it includes an air duct 13; an axial flow fan 1, a temperature and humidity measuring instrument 3, an anemometer 6, a spray device 7 and a glass fiber reinforced plastic sample 11 are sequentially arranged in the air duct 13; the surface of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample 11 is covered with a heating plate 8; an ultrasonic rangefinder 5 is arranged around the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample 11, and the ultrasonic rangefinder 5 and the heating plate 8 are both electrically connected to the control center 12.

[0028] The axial flow fan 1 generates a stable airflow along the axial direction through its speed-adjustable rotating blade system. The rotation speed of the axial flow fan 1 can be precisely adjusted according to the experimental requirements, thereby achieving stepless control of the output airflow speed. The rectifying grid 2 is installed on the outlet side of the axial flow fan 1 and is composed of a plurality of parallel guide blades. These guide blades are arranged at specific intervals and angles, which can effectively decompose the large-scale turbulent structure at the outlet of the axial flow fan 1. When the airflow passes through the rectifying grid 2, the transverse velocity component is significantly suppressed and the longitudinal flow is strengthened, thereby rectifying the originally irregular airflow into a quasi-laminar flow with a clear directionality. The equalizing plate 4 adopts a porous medium structure, and the honeycomb holes evenly distributed on its surface form a flow resistance network, which eliminates the residual velocity gradient through local acceleration and diffusion effects. The equalizing plate 4 works in conjunction with the rectifying grid 2 to form a complete airflow conditioning system, providing a stable flow field environment for subsequent tests.

[0029] The temperature and humidity measuring instrument 3 monitors the experimental environment's temperature and humidity in real time. Combined with the data feedback from the temperature and humidity measuring instrument 3, precise control of the test environment's temperature and humidity is achieved, simulating temperature and humidity changes under different climatic conditions. The anemometer 6 monitors the airflow velocity across the surface of the fiberglass reinforced plastic sample 11 in real time. The operator can set a target wind speed based on experimental requirements. Using the data from the anemometer 6, the speed of the axial flow fan 1 is adjusted, dynamically adjusting the airflow output to accurately simulate icing conditions under varying wind speeds. The spray device 7 sprays water mist according to a set program to simulate rainfall or high humidity environments.

[0030] An ultrasonic rangefinder 5 is installed around the fiberglass sample 11. By emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving reflected signals, the ultrasonic rangefinder 5 accurately calculates the distance between the ice surface of the fiberglass sample 11 and the measuring probe, thereby obtaining ice thickness data and transmitting the data in real time to the control center 12. When the data shows that the ice thickness reaches a preset threshold, that is, the freezing process is complete, the control center 12 controls the heating plate 8 to increase the temperature, simulating the process of ice melting due to rising temperature.

[0031] A camera 10 (preferably a device capable of achieving a frame rate of thousands or even millions of fps) is positioned around the FRP sample 11. A cold light source 9 is positioned around the camera 10, and both the camera 10 and the cold light source 9 are electrically connected to a control center 12. The cold light source 9 provides stable and uniform lighting for the camera 10, ensuring clear and accurate images that accurately reflect the detailed characteristics of ice formation on the FRP surface. The camera 10 captures the changes in the state of the FRP sample 11 during the ice formation and thawing process in real time.

[0032] The axial flow fan 1, temperature and humidity measuring instrument 3, wind speed measuring instrument 6, spray device 7, and heating plate 8 are all electrically connected to a control center 12. The control center 12 can receive real-time monitoring data from the temperature and humidity measuring instrument 3 and wind speed measuring instrument 6, and dynamically adjust the speed of the axial flow fan 1, the spray volume of the spray device 7, and the temperature of the heating plate 8 according to preset experimental conditions. At the same time, the control center 12 can control the start and stop of the above devices.

[0033] The air duct 13 is made of transparent material, allowing researchers to directly observe the dynamic changes of ice formation on the surface of the fiberglass sample 11, including the formation, growth and distribution of ice crystals, as well as the internal operating status of the equipment (such as spray uniformity, airflow stability, etc.), and promptly detect abnormalities (such as local ice blockage or water accumulation) to avoid experimental interruption or equipment damage due to invisible faults.

[0034] The simulation test system is set up in the enthalpy difference laboratory 14, which provides an air source with stable temperature and humidity for the simulation test system. After the air is sucked into the air duct 13, it flows through the fiberglass sample 11, undergoes heat exchange, and finally returns to the environment.

[0035] In terms of simulating the icing experimental environment, the system of the present invention can accurately and stably simulate complex and changeable actual working conditions, providing a comprehensive and realistic testing environment for the study of the icing and ice-melting related properties of FRP materials. It can accurately control the temperature, humidity and wind speed, simulate the icing conditions under extreme environments such as high humidity and low wind speed, and meet the needs of high-precision research on the icing process. In terms of measurement technology, important parameters such as ice thickness in the icing process can be measured in real time, and the experimental data are accurate and timely. The system of the present invention uses the camera 10 for real-time recording and the computer for data processing and analysis, which can obtain detailed information on the dynamics of FRP during the icing and ice-melting process, which is helpful for in-depth research on its icing and ice-melting mechanism. In terms of automated intelligent control functions, the test efficiency and the accuracy of the test results are improved, and manual operation errors are reduced. It can be widely used in the performance evaluation and research and development of FRP materials in the fields of aerospace, wind power generation, etc. A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for simulating the entire process of ice formation and ice melting of glass fiber reinforced plastics, comprising the following steps: Outside air is drawn into air duct 13, where it is passed through axial fan 1 to generate a stable airflow. This airflow then passes through rectifier grille 2, temperature and humidity meter 3, and flow equalizer 4, where it undergoes multi-stage optimization and conditioning to form a uniform and stable airflow. Temperature and humidity meter 3 measures the temperature and humidity of the airflow. After undergoing multi-stage optimization and conditioning, the airflow passes through anemometer 6, where its velocity is measured. Spraying device 7 sprays liquid droplets onto the surface of FRP sample 11 through the airflow, forming an ice layer in the low-temperature environment. Ultrasonic rangefinder 5 measures the thickness of the ice layer and transmits this data to control center 12. When the ice layer thickness reaches a preset threshold, control center 12 controls heating plate 8 to increase its temperature, causing the ice layer on the surface of FRP sample 11 to melt. Furthermore, during the ice formation and melting process, camera 10 continuously records the ice layer status, and cold light source 9 continuously illuminates camera 10.

[0036] During the entire test process, the collected data such as temperature and humidity, wind speed, ice thickness, and the image data recorded by the camera 10 are transmitted to the control center 12 for comprehensive and in-depth integrated processing and analysis.

[0037] The method of the present invention utilizes a multi-stage airflow conditioning system consisting of an axial fan 1, a rectifier grid 2, and a flow equalizer 4, combined with real-time monitoring by a temperature and humidity meter 3 and an anemometer 6, to accurately simulate the icing process under various environmental conditions. The method also utilizes an ultrasonic rangefinder 5 and a heating plate 8 in conjunction with a mechanism to achieve intelligent monitoring of ice thickness and automatic ice melting control. Combined with a camera 10 for full visual recording of the icing / melting process, a complete closed-loop testing system is constructed. This method not only enables high-precision control of environmental parameters and quantitative analysis of the icing process, but also, through data fusion processing by a control center 12, provides a reliable experimental platform for studying the anti-icing / de-icing properties of fiberglass reinforced plastics. This method boasts high testing efficiency, comprehensive data, and strong repeatability, and has significant application value in the development of anti-icing technologies in aerospace, power transmission, and other fields.

[0038] Example A method for simulating the entire process of ice formation and ice melting of glass fiber reinforced plastics comprises the following steps: The FRP ice formation and melting full-process simulation test system was placed in the enthalpy difference laboratory 14. Before the experiment began, the enthalpy difference laboratory 14 was opened, the temperature and humidity required for the experiment were set, and the FRP sample 11 was installed in the designated position in the air duct 13, ensuring that it was firmly installed and accurately positioned. To prevent the sample from shifting or loosening due to factors such as airflow impact during the experiment, the installation location was carefully inspected and reinforced to ensure a tight and stable connection between the sample and the air duct 13. The axial flow fan 1 was turned on and set to the required wind speed for the experiment. The anemometer 6 and temperature and humidity meter 3 were turned on to measure the temperature, humidity, and wind speed of the test section in the air duct 13. After the temperature stabilized, the spray device 7 in the air duct 13 was turned on to begin the experiment.

[0039] As the spray device 7 operates, droplets with a certain temperature and wind speed are continuously sprayed onto the surface of the FRP sample 11 and gradually freeze. As the FRP freezing process continues, the thickness of the ice layer continues to increase over time. Turn on the cold light source 9, camera 10, and ultrasonic rangefinder 5. The ultrasonic rangefinder 5 uses its high-precision measurement characteristics to monitor the changes in the thickness of the ice layer in real time. The image data captured by the camera 10 and the ice layer thickness data collected by the ultrasonic rangefinder 5, as well as the environmental parameter data fed back by the temperature and humidity meter 3 and the wind speed meter 6, are all synchronously transmitted to the control center 12 for storage, providing a rich and detailed data foundation for subsequent analysis and research.

[0040] After the freezing process is complete, the control center 12 controls the heating plate 8 to increase its temperature, simulating the melting process of ice due to rising temperatures. During the ice-melting phase, the ultrasonic rangefinder 5 continues to monitor the decrease in ice thickness in real time and continuously feeds back the changing ice thickness data to the control center 12. The camera 10 remains in continuous operation throughout the ice-melting process, continuously recording every detail of the ice-melting process, including the starting point of the ice melting, changes in melting speed, and water flow patterns. The temperature and humidity meter 3 and the anemometer 6 continue to monitor in real time, providing timely feedback on the dynamic changes in environmental parameters during the ice-melting process, providing data support for analyzing the relationship between the ice-melting process and environmental factors. When the ultrasonic rangefinder 5 detects that the ice thickness has decreased to zero, it is determined that the ice has completely melted. At this time, the control center 12 automatically issues a command to turn off the heating plate 8 and stop the heating operation, ensuring the safe and accurate completion of the ice-melting process.

[0041] When the preset test duration is reached, or the ice layer has completely melted, control center 12 automatically executes a shutdown procedure, shutting down axial flow fan 1, sprinkler 7, camera 10, ultrasonic rangefinder 5, and other related equipment, concluding the test. Control center 12 comprehensively processes and analyzes test data such as temperature and humidity, wind speed, and ice thickness, as well as the image data recorded by camera 10, to calculate the volume and density of the ice layer and generate a detailed test report, providing a basis for evaluating the performance of the FRP material.

[0042] After the test, control center 12 conducts comprehensive and in-depth processing and analysis of data collected throughout the test, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, and ice thickness, as well as the image data recorded by camera 10. Using specialized data processing algorithms and analysis software, the volume and density of the ice layer are accurately calculated. Based on the experimental design objectives and research needs, the data is systematically interpreted and evaluated, ultimately generating a detailed and comprehensive test report. This report will provide a scientific and reliable basis for evaluating the performance of FRP materials in ice-forming and ice-melting environments, offering strong technical support for research and application in related fields.

[0043] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-process simulation test system for glass fiber reinforced plastic icing and melting, characterized by: The invention comprises an air duct (13); an axial flow fan (1), a temperature and humidity measuring instrument (3), an air velocity measuring instrument (6), a spray device (7) and a glass fiber reinforced plastic sample (11) are sequentially arranged in the air duct (13); the surface of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample (11) is covered with a heating plate (8); an ultrasonic rangefinder (5) is arranged around the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample (11), and the ultrasonic rangefinder (5) and the heating plate (8) are both electrically connected to a control center (12).

2. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rectifying grid (2) is provided between the axial flow fan (1) and the temperature and humidity measuring instrument (3).

3. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow balancing plate (4) is provided between the temperature and humidity measuring instrument (3) and the wind speed measuring instrument (6).

4. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cameras (10) are arranged around the fiberglass reinforced plastic sample (11).

5. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cold light source (9) is arranged around the camera (10).

6. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The camera (10) and the cold light source (9) are both electrically connected to the control center (12).

7. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial flow fan (1), the temperature and humidity measuring instrument (3), the wind speed measuring instrument (6) and the spraying device (7) are all electrically connected to the control center (12).

8. The glass fiber reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air duct (13) is made of transparent material.

9. A fiberglass reinforced plastic ice-melting full-process simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation test system is set up in an enthalpy difference laboratory (14).

10. A method for simulating the entire process of ice formation and ice melting of glass fiber reinforced plastics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: External air is sucked into the air duct (13) and a stable airflow is generated through the axial flow fan (1); the airflow passes through the temperature and humidity measuring instrument (3) and the wind speed measuring instrument (6) in sequence, and the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the airflow are measured respectively; the spraying device (7) is used to spray droplets, and the droplets are sprayed onto the surface of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample (11) through the airflow to form an ice layer; the ultrasonic rangefinder (5) is used to measure the thickness of the ice layer and transmit the ice layer thickness data to the control center (12). When the ice layer thickness reaches a preset threshold value, the control center (12) controls the heating plate (8) to increase the temperature, so that the ice layer on the surface of the glass fiber reinforced plastic sample (11) melts.

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