Multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in licorice extract

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a licorice extract, and belongs to the technical field of licorice extract purification, the multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a licorice extract comprises the following steps: adding a licorice raw material and an extraction solvent into an extraction tank, starting a first motor, and mixing for 30-60 minutes to form a licorice extract; an extracting solution flows into a first screening sleeve through a conveying pipe at the bottom end of the extracting tank, stirring mixing and auxiliary flowing are conducted on the extracting solution, a second filter screen in the first screening sleeve is used for conducting preliminary screening on the extracting solution, and large-particle impurities are removed; the extracting solution obtained after preliminary screening flows into a second screening sleeve through a conveying opening, a second filter screen further conducts fine screening on the extracting solution, and smaller particle impurities are removed; the extracting solution subjected to two-stage screening flows into the column passing leaching assembly in the supporting sleeve, and the extracting solution uniformly flows through the interior of the purification column under the effect of gravity and turbulent flow generated by rotation of the purification column to remove the ochratoxin A.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquorice extract purification, and particularly relates to a multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in the liquorice extract. Background Art

[0002] Licorice is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, and its extracts are widely used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other fields. However, during the growth, storage, and processing of licorice, it is susceptible to fungal contamination. Ochratoxin A is a common and highly toxic fungal toxin. Ochratoxin A has nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, and immunosuppression, posing a serious threat to human health.

[0003] At present, there are many problems with the purification technology of ochratoxin A in licorice extract. Traditional purification methods have low purification efficiency and are difficult to meet increasingly stringent food safety and drug quality standards. Some purification processes are complex to operate and lack standardized processes, resulting in large differences in purification effects between different batches of products, affecting the stability of product quality. Moreover, existing purification equipment often has a limited detection range, making it difficult to achieve accurate detection and effective purification of low-level (such as below 0.25 ppb) and high-level (such as above 100 ppb) ochratoxin A.

[0004] Publication No. CN104983778B describes a method for continuous, high-pressure, comprehensive extraction of licorice components. The method comprises the following steps: continuous high-pressure extraction: pulverized licorice is mixed with water to form a slurry, which is then pushed into a high-pressure extraction vessel using a high-pressure pump. The slurry is continuously fed in and out of the vessel during a predetermined pressure period to achieve fluidized extraction; two-stage flocculation and impurity removal: the slurry is diluted with water and filtered to obtain a supernatant, from which tannins, heavy metals, and proteins are removed; complexation separation: a combined complexing agent is used to separate the deeply purified liquid into a solid and liquid phase; subsequent purification: the liquid phase is pH-adjusted with dilute acid to precipitate a precipitate, which is then extracted and filtered with ethanol under reflux to obtain a filter cake containing glycyrrhizic polysaccharides and an ethanol extract containing glycyrrhizic acid. Glycyrrhizic acid monoammonium salt is obtained from the extract; the solid phase obtained by complexation separation is extracted and filtered with acidic ethanol under reflux at a predetermined temperature, and the supernatant is vacuum concentrated to obtain total glycyrrhizic acid flavonoids.

[0005] The above patent precipitate is extracted and filtered with ethanol reflux to obtain a filter cake containing glycyrrhizic polysaccharide and an ethanol extract containing glycyrrhizic acid, and glycyrrhizic acid monoammonium salt is obtained from the extract; the solid phase separated by complexation is extracted and filtered with acidic ethanol reflux at a predetermined temperature, and the filtered clear liquid is vacuum concentrated to obtain glycyrrhizic total flavonoids. However, the above patent has certain limitations when used. The purification technology has the problems of low purification efficiency, complicated operation and non-standard process, and limited detection and purification range, which makes it difficult to meet quality standards and unstable product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in licorice extract, aiming to solve the problems of low purification efficiency, complex operation and non-standard process, and limited detection and purification range in the purification technology in the prior art, which make it difficult to meet quality standards and cause unstable product quality.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a licorice extract comprises:

[0009] S1, adding the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent into the extraction tank, starting the first motor, stirring at a speed of 200-400 rpm by the first spiral stirring blade, coordinating the oblique cutting effect of the angled stirring blade, and mixing at 60-80° C. for 30-60 minutes to form a licorice extract;

[0010] S2, the extract flows into the first screening sleeve through the transmission pipe at the bottom of the extraction tank, and at the same time the second motor of the dilution and filtration mechanism is started, which drives the second and third spiral stirring blades to rotate synchronously through the fourth gear and the transmission belt to stir and mix the extract and assist the flow. The extract is preliminarily screened by the second filter in the first screening sleeve to remove larger particles of impurities;

[0011] S3, the extract after preliminary screening flows into the second screening sleeve through the transmission port, and the extract is further finely screened by the second filter screen in the second screening sleeve to remove smaller particles of impurities;

[0012] S4, the extract after two-stage screening flows into the column elution assembly in the support sleeve, the transmission component is started, and the four purification columns are driven to rotate synchronously. The extract flows evenly through the interior of the purification column under the action of gravity and the turbulence generated by the rotation of the purification column. The purification column rotates at 10-30 rpm and is filled with a composite adsorption material of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The adsorption time is 40-90 minutes to remove ochratoxin A;

[0013] S5. As the purification process continues, when a certain amount of impurities and saturated adsorbents accumulate on the surface of the purification column, the reciprocating screw rotates under the drive of the motor, driving the nut to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating screw, thereby driving the cleaning sleeve to move. The cleaning sleeve is close to the surface of the purification filter sleeve to clean and scrape off the impurities and residual ochratoxin A adsorbed on the surface of the purification column;

[0014] S6. The purified extract flows into the first storage tank fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve, is filtered again by the first filter mesh movably connected in the first storage tank, and is then stored as a finished product in the second storage tank fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first storage tank.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a second transmission sleeve is movably connected in the extraction tank, three limit rods are fixedly connected in the extraction tank, the bottom end of the extraction tank is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe, the circumferential surface of the transmission pipe is fixedly connected to a first screening sleeve, the bottom end of the first screening sleeve is fixedly connected to a fourth transmission sleeve, the bottom end of the fourth transmission sleeve is fixedly connected to a second screening sleeve, the bottom end of the second screening sleeve is fixedly connected to a support sleeve, the circumferential surface of the extraction tank is fixedly connected to a liquid level sensor, the extraction tank is rotatably connected to a first spiral stirring blade, and the bottom end of the first spiral stirring blade is fixedly connected to an angled stirring blade;

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the dilution and filtration mechanism includes:

[0017] a second motor, the second motor being fixedly connected to one side end of the first screening sleeve;

[0018] a second spiral stirring blade, the second spiral stirring blade being rotatably connected to the first screening sleeve;

[0019] a third spiral stirring blade, the third spiral stirring blade being rotatably connected to the second screening sleeve;

[0020] a fourth gear, wherein two fourth gears are provided, and the two fourth gears are fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the second spiral stirring blade and the third spiral stirring blade respectively;

[0021] a transmission belt, the transmission belt being drivingly engaged with the circumferential surfaces of the two fourth gears;

[0022] There are two transmission ports, which are respectively opened at one side end of the first screening sleeve and the second screening sleeve;

[0023] a first motor, wherein the first motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank, and an output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the angled stirring blade;

[0024] a supporting sleeve, the supporting sleeve being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second screening sleeve;

[0025] The column elution component is arranged in the supporting sleeve and is used for adsorbing ochratoxin A.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the column elution component includes:

[0027] Purification columns, wherein four purification columns are provided and the four purification columns are rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the supporting sleeve respectively;

[0028] A third transmission gear, wherein four third transmission gears are provided, and the four third transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification columns, and every two third transmission gears are meshed with each other;

[0029] A connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve being fixedly connected to one side end of the supporting sleeve;

[0030] A reciprocating screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the connecting sleeve;

[0031] a nut, the nut being threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw;

[0032] Purification filter sleeves, wherein four purification filter sleeves are provided, and the four purification filter sleeves are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of four purification columns;

[0033] A cleaning sleeve, the cleaning sleeve being fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the liquid level sensor, the cleaning sleeve being slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the connecting sleeve, and the cleaning sleeve being slidably connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification filter sleeves;

[0034] The transmission component is arranged on one side of the extraction tank, and the transmission component is used to drive the four purification columns to rotate.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the transmission component includes:

[0036] a first transmission gear, wherein two first transmission gears are provided, and the two first transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected to the third spiral stirring blade and the circumferential surface of one of the purification columns;

[0037] a toothed belt, the toothed belt being meshedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two first transmission gears;

[0038] The second transmission gear is provided with two second transmission gears, and the two second transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of one of the purification columns and the reciprocating screw rod, and the two second transmission gears are meshed with each other.

[0039] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bottom end of the support sleeve is fixedly connected to a first storage tank, and a first filter screen is movably connected to the inside of the first storage tank.

[0040] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the top end of the second transmission sleeve is movably hinged with a cover plate via a hinge shaft.

[0041] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one of the limiting rods, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fourth transmission sleeve.

[0042] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the two transmission port sides are connected to two receiving boxes through two first transmission sleeves.

[0043] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a second filter screen is fixedly connected to the first screening sleeve and the second screening sleeve, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the extraction tank, and the bottom end of the first storage tank is fixedly connected to the second storage tank.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. In this solution, the multi-stage purification process includes accelerating the mixing of the licorice raw material and the solvent through a first spiral stirring blade and an angled stirring blade in the extraction tank, so that the effective ingredients are quickly dissolved to form an extract; using a first screening sleeve and a second filter screen in the second screening sleeve to perform two-stage screening to remove large and small particles of impurities, respectively, to improve the purity of the extract; four rotating purification columns are set in the column elution component to increase the contact area between the adsorption material and the extract and accelerate the adsorption speed. The multi-stage purification process works together to significantly improve the purification efficiency. The stirring process accelerates the extraction, and the screening and removal of impurities create good conditions for subsequent adsorption. The rotating purification column enables ochratoxin A to be adsorbed more quickly, thereby effectively reducing the content of ochratoxin A in the licorice extract, meeting the requirements of food safety and drug quality standards for purification efficiency.

[0046] 2. In this solution, the second motor in the dilution and filtration mechanism drives the second and third spiral stirring blades to rotate synchronously through the fourth gear and the transmission belt, stirring and mixing the extract and assisting the flow. The working order and method of each component are clear; the coordination of the transmission components, purification column, reciprocating screw, etc. in the column elution assembly also has a fixed pattern. The standardized design of the device simplifies the operating process and reduces the influence of human factors. No matter who the operator is, as long as the operation is carried out in accordance with the design process of the device, the consistency of the purification effect of different batches of products can be guaranteed, the stability of product quality is improved, and the competitiveness of the enterprise in the market is enhanced.

[0047] 3. In this solution, the purification column in the column elution assembly is filled with adsorption materials with various adsorption principles (physical adsorption, chemical adsorption or ion exchange, etc.), and the rotating design of the purification column enables the extract to contact the adsorption material more evenly. The combination of multiple adsorption principles and the optimized contact method enables the device to effectively adsorb and purify ochratoxin A with different contents. Whether it is a low content or a high content of ochratoxin A, it can be removed by the action of the adsorption material. To a certain extent, it makes up for the shortcomings of existing equipment in the detection and purification range, broadens the application field of licorice extract, and meets the strict requirements of the high-end market for product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a cutaway perspective view of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a side perspective view of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0052] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0053] Figure 5 is a cutaway perspective view of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0054] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B

[0055] Figure 7 is a cutaway perspective view of the present invention from a third perspective;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a sectional stereoscopic view from a third perspective of the present invention

[0057] Figure 9 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 This is the liquid phase spectrum of the licorice extract of the present invention before treatment;

[0059] Figure 11 This is the liquid phase spectrum after the liquorice extract of the present invention is processed;

[0060] Figure 12 This is the ochratoxin A reference substance spectrum of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2-Figure 9 In: 1. Extraction tank; 2. Limit rod; 3. Connecting plate; 4. First screening sleeve; 5. Transmission tube; 6. First transmission sleeve; 7. Storage box; 8. First storage tank; 9. Second transmission sleeve; 901. Cover plate; 10. Fixing ring; 11. First spiral stirring blade; 12. Angled stirring blade; 13. First motor; 14. Second spiral stirring blade; 15. Second storage tank; 16. Second motor; 17. Reciprocating screw; 18. Second screening Sleeve; 19. Support sleeve; 20. First transmission gear; 21. Second transmission gear; 22. Third transmission gear; 23. Purification column; 24. Third spiral stirring blade; 25. Liquid level sensor; 26. First filter; 27. Cleaning sleeve; 28. Purification filter sleeve; 29. ​​Transmission port; 30. Fourth gear; 31. Transmission belt; 32. Second filter; 33. Fourth transmission sleeve; 34. Connecting sleeve; 35. Nut; 36. Toothed belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] See also Figures 1-8 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0065] A multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a licorice extract comprises:

[0066] S1, adding licorice raw material and extraction solvent into the extraction tank 1, starting the first motor 13, stirring at 400 rpm by the first spiral stirring blade 11, coordinating the oblique cutting effect of the angled stirring blade 12, and mixing at 80° C. for 30 minutes to form a licorice extract;

[0067] S2, the extract flows into the first screening sleeve 4 through the transmission pipe 5 at the bottom of the extraction tank 1, and at the same time, the second motor 16 of the dilution and filtration mechanism is started, which drives the second spiral stirring blade 14 and the third spiral stirring blade 24 to rotate synchronously at 300 rpm through the fourth gear 30 and the transmission belt 31, stirring and mixing the extract and assisting the flow. The extract is preliminarily screened by the second filter 32 in the first screening sleeve 4 to remove larger particles of impurities;

[0068] S3, the extract after preliminary screening flows into the second screening sleeve 18 through the transfer port 29, and the extract is further finely screened by the second filter 32 in the second screening sleeve 18 to remove smaller particles of impurities;

[0069] S4, the extract after two-stage screening flows into the column elution assembly in the support sleeve 19, the transmission component is started, and the four purification columns 23 are driven to rotate synchronously. Under the action of gravity and the turbulence generated by the rotation of the purification columns 23, the extract flows evenly through the interior of the purification columns 23. The purification columns 23 rotate at 30 rpm and are filled with a composite adsorption material of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The adsorption time is 90 minutes to remove ochratoxin A;

[0070] S5. As the purification process continues, when a certain amount of impurities and saturated adsorbents accumulate on the surface of the purification column 23, the flow rate of the extract flowing through it decreases. When the flow rate is lower than the set minimum threshold, the system triggers the cleaning program. The reciprocating screw 17 rotates under the drive of the motor, driving the nut 35 to move axially along the reciprocating screw 17, thereby driving the cleaning sleeve 27 to move. The cleaning sleeve 27 is close to the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28 to clean and scrape off the impurities and residual ochratoxin A adsorbed on the surface of the purification column 23. A dual-fluid nozzle is installed at the leading edge of the cleaning sleeve 27. 0.3 MPa compressed air and pH 2.5 ethanol solution (concentration 25%) are mixed and sprayed at a gas-liquid ratio of 1:3 to form an atomized jet with a spray angle of 45°. The scraped and peeled pollutants are impacted and suspended from the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28 to avoid secondary attachment.

[0071] S6. The purified extract flows into the first storage tank 8 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve 19, is filtered again by the first filter screen 26 movably connected in the first storage tank 8, and is stored as a finished product in the second storage tank 15 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first storage tank 8.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] Another aspect of the present invention provides a multi-stage purification device, comprising:

[0074] An extraction tank 1, in which a second transmission sleeve 9 is movably connected, three limiting rods 2 are fixedly connected to the extraction tank 1, a transmission pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank 1, a first screening sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the transmission pipe 5, a fourth transmission sleeve 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first screening sleeve 4, a second screening sleeve 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fourth transmission sleeve 33, a support sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second screening sleeve 18, a liquid level sensor 25 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the extraction tank 1, a first spiral stirring blade 11 is rotatably connected to the extraction tank 1, and an angled stirring blade 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first spiral stirring blade 11; and

[0075] The dilution and filtration mechanism is arranged in the extraction tank 1 and is used to dilute and filter the liquorice raw material extract.

[0076] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second transmission sleeve 9 is movably connected to the extraction tank 1, and may be used to transmit the extract or other related substances. Its movably connected method is convenient for disassembly and maintenance, and may also help to achieve different transmission functions in different process stages.

[0077] The limiting rod 2 is fixedly connected to the extraction tank 1 to limit and fix the positions of other components, ensure the stability of the internal structure of the device, and prevent the components from being displaced or shaken during operation.

[0078] The transmission pipe 5 is located at the bottom end of the extraction tank 1 and is used to transmit the liquid in the extraction tank 1 to other components or subsequent processing units. It is a channel for the extracted liquid to flow out of the extraction tank 1.

[0079] The first screening sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the transmission pipe 5. Its main function is to preliminarily screen the extract flowing out of the transmission pipe 5, remove larger particles of impurities or incompletely dissolved substances, and improve the purity of the extract.

[0080] The fourth transmission sleeve 33 is connected to the bottom end of the first screening sleeve 4 and continues to play the role of transmitting the extract, and transmits the extract after being screened by the first screening sleeve 4 to the next-level processing unit.

[0081] The second screening sleeve 18 is connected to the bottom end of the fourth transmission sleeve 33 to further screen the extract to remove smaller particles of impurities, further improve the purity of the extract, and provide purer raw materials for subsequent ochratoxin A reduction treatment.

[0082] The support sleeve 19 is located at the bottom end of the second screening sleeve 18 and is used to support the entire screening system to ensure the stable connection and operation of each screening sleeve and the transmission sleeve. It may also play a certain buffering and shock-absorbing role to reduce vibration and noise during operation of the device.

[0083] The liquid level sensor 25 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the extraction tank 1 and is used to monitor the liquid level height of the liquid in the extraction tank 1 in real time so that the operator can understand the amount of liquid during the extraction process and perform operations such as replenishing liquid or stopping extraction in time to ensure the normal progress of the extraction process.

[0084] The first spiral stirring blade 11 is rotatably connected to the extraction tank 1, and stirs and mixes the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent in the extraction tank 1 by rotation, so that the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent are fully contacted, the extraction process is accelerated, and the extraction efficiency and extraction effect are improved.

[0085] The angled stirring blade 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first spiral stirring blade 11. Its angled design can change the flow direction of the liquid during stirring, so that the liquid forms a more complex flow field in the extraction tank 1, further promotes the uniform mixing of the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent, and improves the uniformity and sufficiency of the extraction.

[0086] The dilution and filtration mechanism is located in the extraction tank 1 and is used to dilute and filter the liquorice raw material extract. Dilution can adjust the concentration of the extract to facilitate subsequent purification, while filtration can remove impurities and solid particles in the extract, improving the quality of the extract and providing better conditions for reducing the content of ochratoxin A.

[0087] For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 , the dilution and filtration mechanism includes:

[0088] A second motor 16, the second motor 16 is fixedly connected to one side end of the first screening sleeve 4;

[0089] a second spiral stirring blade 14, the second spiral stirring blade 14 being rotatably connected to the first screening sleeve 4;

[0090] a third spiral stirring blade 24 rotatably connected to the second screening sleeve 18;

[0091] A fourth gear 30, two fourth gears 30 are provided, and the two fourth gears 30 are fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the second spiral stirring blade 14 and the third spiral stirring blade 24 respectively;

[0092] A transmission belt 31 is connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two fourth gears 30 in a transmission meshing manner;

[0093] There are two transmission ports 29, which are respectively opened at one side end of the first screening sleeve 4 and the second screening sleeve 18;

[0094] A first motor 13, the first motor 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank 1, and an output end of the first motor 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the angled stirring blade 12;

[0095] A supporting sleeve 19, the supporting sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second screening sleeve 18;

[0096] The column elution component is arranged in the support sleeve 19 and is used to adsorb ochratoxin A.

[0097] In this embodiment: First, the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent are added to the extraction tank 1, and the first motor 13 is started to drive the first spiral stirring blade 11 and the angled stirring blade 12 to rotate, so as to fully stir the raw material and the solvent in the tank, accelerate the extraction process, and make the effective ingredients in the licorice fully dissolved in the extraction solvent to form a licorice raw material extract.

[0098] As the extraction process progresses, the extract flows into the first screening sleeve 4 through the transmission pipe 5 at the bottom end of the extraction tank 1 under the action of gravity. At this time, the second motor 16 is started, and through the transmission of the fourth gear 30 and the transmission belt 31, it drives the second spiral stirring blade 14 and the third spiral stirring blade 24 to rotate synchronously in the first screening sleeve 4 and the second screening sleeve 18, stirring and mixing the extract to make the extract more uniform, while also assisting the flow of the extract in the sleeves. The first screening sleeve 4 performs a preliminary screening of the extract to remove larger particles of impurities.

[0099] The extract processed by the first screening sleeve 4 flows into the second screening sleeve 18 through the transmission port 29. The second screening sleeve 18 further finely screens the extract to remove smaller particles of impurities, thereby further improving the purity of the extract.

[0100] Finally, the extract after two-stage screening flows into the column elution component in the support sleeve 19, and the adsorption material in the column elution component is used to adsorb ochratoxin A in the extract, and the substance adsorbed with ochratoxin A is separated through the elution process, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the content of ochratoxin A in the licorice extract and obtaining a purified licorice extract.

[0101] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 , the column elution components include:

[0102] Purification columns 23, there are four purification columns 23, and the four purification columns 23 are rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the second transmission sleeve 9;

[0103] The third transmission gear 22 is provided with four third transmission gears 22. The four third transmission gears 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification columns 23, and every two third transmission gears 22 are meshed with each other;

[0104] A connecting sleeve 34, which is fixedly connected to one end of the supporting sleeve 19;

[0105] A reciprocating screw rod 17 is rotatably connected to the inner walls of the connecting sleeve 34 on both sides;

[0106] a nut 35 , the nut 35 being threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw rod 17 ;

[0107] Purification filter sleeves 28, there are four purification filter sleeves 28, and the four purification filter sleeves 28 are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification columns 23;

[0108] The cleaning sleeve 27 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the liquid level sensor 25, and is slidably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the connecting sleeve 34. The cleaning sleeve 27 is slidably connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification filter sleeves 28;

[0109] The transmission component, the transmission assembly, is arranged on one side of the extraction tank 1 , and the transmission assembly is used to drive the four purification columns 23 to rotate.

[0110] In this embodiment, during the licorice extract purification stage, the pre-screened extract flows through the second transfer sleeve 9 into the column elution assembly. The transmission assembly activates, transmitting power to the third transmission gear 22. As the third transmission gears 22 mesh with each other, the four purification columns 23 begin to rotate synchronously. Under the influence of gravity and the turbulent flow generated by the rotation of the purification columns 23, the extract first passes through the purification filter sleeve 28, which intercepts mechanical impurities and reduces the subsequent adsorption load, before entering the purification columns 23. The adsorption material filled in the purification column 23 is in full contact with the extract. The interior of the purification column 23 is filled with spherical particles of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon composite adsorption material. A certain gap is retained between the spherical particles of filled diatomaceous earth and the activated carbon composite adsorption material, allowing free rolling and friction during rotation. During the continuous rotation of the purification column 23, the rotation of the purification column 23 drives the spherical particles of diatomaceous earth and the activated carbon composite adsorption material to roll, forming a dynamic adsorption environment. When the purification column 23 rotates, the internal spherical particles of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon composite adsorption material roll with the rotation of the column, constantly updating the surface contact sites, avoiding local adsorption saturation, and removing OTA and small molecular impurities through adsorption. The column wall of the purification column 23 is a porous structure, which adsorbs ochratoxin A in the extract, thereby achieving the purification purpose of reducing the content of ochratoxin A in the extract.

[0111] As the purification work continues, impurities and saturated adsorbents will gradually accumulate on the surface of the purification column 23, and it needs to be cleaned. At this time, the reciprocating screw 17 starts to rotate under the drive of the motor, and the nut 35 moves axially along the reciprocating screw 17. The movement of the nut 35 drives the cleaning sleeve 27 to move, and the cleaning sleeve 27 will be close to the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28 for cleaning. The purification filter sleeve 28 will adsorb the impurities adsorbed by the purification column 23. As the purification column 23 continues to rotate, the cleaning sleeve 27 scrapes off impurities, residual ochratoxin A, etc. on the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28. During the movement, the cleaning sleeve 27 maintains a good contact state with the surface of the purification column 23. After the cleaning work is completed, the reciprocating screw 17 rotates in the opposite direction, and the nut 35 drives the cleaning sleeve 27 to reset, and the purification column 23 returns to a state where adsorption purification can be performed again.

[0112] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , transmission components include:

[0113] a first transmission gear 20, two first transmission gears 20 are provided, and the two first transmission gears 20 are respectively fixedly connected to the third spiral stirring blade 24 and the circumferential surface of one of the purification columns 23;

[0114] a toothed belt 36 , the toothed belt 36 being connected in driving engagement with the circumferential surfaces of the two first transmission gears 20 ;

[0115] The second transmission gear 21 is provided with two second transmission gears 21 . The two second transmission gears 21 are respectively fixedly connected to one of the purification columns 23 and the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw rod 17 , and the two second transmission gears 21 are meshed with each other.

[0116] In this embodiment, during the initial operation of the device, when the second motor 16 is activated, it drives the third spiral stirring blade 24 to rotate, and the first transmission gear 20 fixed to the circumferential surface of the third spiral stirring blade 24 rotates accordingly. Because the first transmission gear 20 is meshed with the toothed belt 36, the toothed belt 36 begins to move under the action of the gear transmission, which in turn drives another meshed first transmission gear 20 to rotate. This first transmission gear 20 is fixed to the purification column 23, causing the purification column 23 to begin to rotate synchronously. At this time, the licorice extract, after being stirred and mixed in the first screening sleeve 4, enters the purification column 23. During the rotation of the purification column 23, the adsorbent material inside fully contacts the extract, adsorbing and purifying ochratoxin A.

[0117] When the purification column 23 needs to be cleaned, the second transmission gear 21 fixed to the circumferential surface of the purification column 23 rotates continuously because the purification column 23 rotates continuously. Since the two second transmission gears 21 are meshed with each other, the rotational power is transmitted to the second transmission gear 21 connected to the reciprocating screw 17, thereby driving the reciprocating screw 17 to rotate. The rotation of the reciprocating screw 17 causes the nut 35 to move along its axial direction, and the movement of the nut 35 drives the cleaning sleeve 27 to move. During the rotation of the purification column 23, its surface is wiped and cleaned to scrape off adsorbed impurities and residual ochratoxin A. After the cleaning operation is completed, as the purification column 23 continues to rotate, the reciprocating screw 17 reverses, and the nut 35 drives the cleaning sleeve 27 to reset, waiting for the next cleaning need.

[0118] For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 The bottom end of the supporting sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the first storage tank 8 , and the first filter screen 26 is movably connected to the first storage tank 8 .

[0119] In this embodiment, the bottom end of the support sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the first storage tank 8 to provide storage space for the licorice extract after being purified by the column elution assembly. The first filter screen 26 is movably connected to the first storage tank 8. The first filter screen 26 is placed horizontally and tilted in the first storage tank 8 and has a sealing plate at its bottom. The sealing plate is open during the purification process, but when cleaning the purification column, the sealing plate will cover and block the holes of the first filter screen 26, forming a physical barrier to temporarily store the mixed liquid containing pollutants in the collection chamber above the first filter screen 26 in the first storage tank 8. After the cleaning work is completed, the mixed liquid containing pollutants can be discharged to an external waste bin along the outlet of the first filter screen 26, and the extract flowing into the storage tank can be filtered again. When the extract enters the first storage tank 8 from the column elution assembly, the first filter screen 26 intercepts the tiny impurities, adsorption material debris, etc. that may remain in the extract, further improving the purity of the licorice extract and preventing these impurities from entering the subsequent storage or processing links. At the same time, the movable snap-fit ​​method facilitates regular removal of the first filter screen 26 for cleaning and replacement, thereby ensuring filtering effects.

[0120] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 The top end of the second transmission sleeve 9 is movably hinged with a cover plate 901 through a hinge shaft.

[0121] In this embodiment, the top end of the second transfer sleeve 9 is hingedly connected to a cover plate 901 via a hinge. When the device is in operation, the cover plate 901 is opened, providing a passage for the licorice extract to enter the column elution assembly, allowing the pre-treated extract to flow smoothly into the purification column 23 for adsorption and purification of ochratoxin A. When the device requires maintenance or overhaul, or is not in operation, the cover plate 901 can be closed. This prevents external dust and debris from entering the second transfer sleeve 9 and the column elution assembly, contaminating internal components and the extract. Furthermore, when cleaning the column elution assembly, closing the cover plate 901 prevents waste generated during the cleaning process from entering the second transfer sleeve 9, maintaining the interior of the device clean.

[0122] For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 The outer surface of one of the limiting rods 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 3 , and the connecting plate 3 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fourth transmission sleeve 33 .

[0123] In this embodiment, the outer surface of one of the limiting rods 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 3, which is in turn fixedly connected to the outer surface of a fourth transmission sleeve 33. The limiting rod 2 originally serves to limit and secure the positions of other components within the extraction tank 1. Its connection to the fourth transmission sleeve 33 via the connecting plate 3 further enhances the installation stability of the fourth transmission sleeve 33.

[0124] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3The sides of the two transmission ports 29 are connected to two receiving boxes 7 through two first transmission sleeves 6 respectively.

[0125] In this embodiment, two transfer ports 29 are connected to two storage boxes 7 on their sides, each of which houses a first transfer sleeve 6. The holes in the second filter 32 serve as channels for the extract to be transferred between the first screening sleeve 4 and the second screening sleeve 18. The transfer ports 29 serve as channels for the extract to discharge impurities from the first and second screening sleeves 4, 18, while the first transfer sleeve 6 guides impurities into the storage box 7.

[0126] For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 The first screening sleeve 4 and the second screening sleeve 18 are fixedly connected with the second filter screen 32, the circumferential surface of the extraction tank 1 is fixedly connected with the fixing ring 10, and the bottom end of the first storage tank 8 is fixedly connected with the second storage tank 15.

[0127] In this embodiment, the first screening sleeve 4 and the second screening sleeve 18 are fixedly connected to the second filter screen 32, which play a key role in the preliminary screening and fine screening processes of the extract, respectively. The second filter screen 32 intercepts impurities of different particle sizes according to its mesh size, gradually improving the purity of the extract. The fixing ring 10 on the circumferential surface of the extraction tank 1 provides a support point for the installation and fixation of some components of the device, enhancing the stability of the overall structure. The first storage tank 8 is used to temporarily store the extract after purification by the column elution assembly, and the second storage tank 15 fixedly connected to its bottom end can further store a large amount of purified licorice extract.

[0128] The use process of the present invention is as follows: when using the multi-stage purification device for reducing ochratoxin A in licorice extract, first open the cover 901 movably hinged by the hinge shaft at the top of the second transmission sleeve 9, add the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent into the extraction tank 1, and monitor the liquid level height through the liquid level sensor 25 fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the extraction tank 1. Then, start the first motor 13 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank 1, and its output shaft drives the angled stirring blade 12 fixedly connected to the bottom end and the first spiral stirring blade 11 rotatably connected above to rotate synchronously. The spiral structure of the first spiral stirring blade 11 and the angled cutting effect of the angled stirring blade 12 are used to fully mix the licorice raw material and the solvent, accelerate the dissolution of the effective ingredients and promote the release of ochratoxin A into the extract. Next, the extract flows into the first screening sleeve 4 fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the transmission pipe 5 through the transmission pipe 5 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank 1, and the second motor 16 fixedly connected to one side end of the first screening sleeve 4 is started. The second motor 16 drives the second spiral stirring blade 14 and the third spiral stirring blade 24, each of which is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the fourth gear 30, to achieve synchronous reverse rotation through the transmission engagement of the transmission belt 31, thereby stirring and mixing the extract and assisting the flow. The second filter screen 32 with a pore size of 50-100 μm fixedly connected to the first screening sleeve 4 is used to filter the extract. m intercepts large particles of impurities such as licorice fiber and mud. The extract after preliminary screening flows into the storage box 7 fixedly connected in the transmission port 29 through the transmission port 29 opened at one side end of the first screening sleeve 4, and then is guided through the first transmission sleeve 6 fixedly connected in the storage box 7, and flows into the second screening sleeve 18 fixedly connected at the bottom end of the fourth transmission sleeve 33 through the fourth transmission sleeve 33 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first screening sleeve 4. The second filter screen 32 with a pore size of 10-50μm fixedly connected in the second screening sleeve 18 is used to further remove tiny particles of impurities such as cell fragments.Subsequently, the extract after two-stage screening flows into the column elution assembly in the support sleeve 19 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second screening sleeve 18 through the second transmission sleeve 9 movably connected in the extraction tank 1. When the third spiral stirring blade 24 rotates, the first transmission gear 20 fixedly connected through the circumferential surface is engaged with the toothed belt 36, driving the purification columns 23 connected to the inner walls of both sides of the support sleeve 19 to rotate. There are four purification columns 23, and the circumferential surface is fixedly connected to the third transmission gear 22. Every two of them are engaged and rotate synchronously, so that the composite adsorption material filled in the purification column 23 is fully in contact with the extract, and ochratoxin A is efficiently adsorbed; when the surface of the purification column 23 is saturated with or accumulates impurities, When the liquid level sensor 25 triggers the cleaning program, the purification column 23 rotates and the second transmission gear 21 fixedly connected to the circumferential surface engages with the second transmission gear 21 fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw 17, driving the reciprocating screw 17 connected to the inner walls of both sides of the connecting sleeve 34 to rotate, so that the nut 35 threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw 17 moves axially along the reciprocating screw 17, pushing the cleaning sleeve 27 fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the liquid level sensor 25 to slide and connect the purification filter sleeve 28 fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the purification column 23. The purification filter sleeve 28 extends out and clings to the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28 to scrape off residual ochratoxin A and impurities. Finally, the purified extract flows into the first storage tank 8 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve 19, and after being intercepted by the first filter screen 26 with a pore size of 5-10 μm that is movably connected in the first storage tank 8, the finished product is stored in the second storage tank 15 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first storage tank 8; during the whole process, the first motor 13, the second motor 16 and other motors and transmission components such as gears and reciprocating screws 17 are linked through the PLC control system to set fixed operating parameters. The three limit rods 2 fixedly connected in the extraction tank 1 and the outer surface of the limit rod 2 are fixedly connected to the fourth transmission sleeve 33 and other structures through the connecting plate 3 to ensure that the positions of each component are fixed, and the transmission port 29, the storage box 7 and the like realize the standardization of the liquid flow direction, thereby relying on the coordinated operation of core components such as the extraction tank 1, the first screening sleeve 4, the second screening sleeve 18, and the purification column 23 to achieve efficient, accurate and standardized purification of ochratoxin A in licorice extract.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] S1, adding licorice raw material and extraction solvent into the extraction tank 1, starting the first motor 13, stirring at a speed of 200 rpm by the first spiral stirring blade 11, coordinating the oblique cutting effect of the angled stirring blade 12, and mixing at 60° C. for 30 minutes to form a licorice extract;

[0131] S2, the extract flows into the first screening sleeve 4 through the transmission pipe 5 at the bottom of the extraction tank 1, and at the same time, the second motor 16 of the dilution and filtration mechanism is started, which drives the second spiral stirring blade 14 and the third spiral stirring blade 24 to rotate synchronously at 200 rpm through the fourth gear 30 and the transmission belt 31, stirring and mixing the extract and assisting the flow. The extract is preliminarily screened by the second filter 32 in the first screening sleeve 4 to remove larger particles of impurities;

[0132] S3, the extract after preliminary screening flows into the second screening sleeve 18 through the transfer port 29, and the extract is further finely screened by the second filter 32 in the second screening sleeve 18 to remove smaller particles of impurities;

[0133] S4, the extract after two-stage screening flows into the column elution assembly in the support sleeve 19, the transmission component is started, and the four purification columns 23 are driven to rotate synchronously. Under the action of gravity and the turbulence generated by the rotation of the purification columns 23, the extract flows evenly through the interior of the purification columns 23. The purification columns 23 rotate at 10 rpm and are filled with a composite adsorption material of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The adsorption time is 40 minutes to remove ochratoxin A;

[0134] S5. As the purification process continues, when a certain amount of impurities and saturated adsorbents accumulate on the surface of the purification column 23, the flow rate of the extract flowing through it decreases. When the flow rate is lower than the set minimum threshold, the system triggers the cleaning program. The reciprocating screw 17 rotates under the drive of the motor, driving the nut 35 to move axially along the reciprocating screw 17, thereby driving the cleaning sleeve 27 to move. The cleaning sleeve 27 is close to the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28 to clean and scrape off the impurities and residual ochratoxin A adsorbed on the surface of the purification column 23. A dual-fluid nozzle is installed at the leading edge of the cleaning sleeve 27. 0.3 MPa compressed air and pH 2.5 ethanol solution (concentration 25%) are mixed and sprayed at a gas-liquid ratio of 1:3 to form an atomized jet with a spray angle of 45°. The scraped and peeled pollutants are impacted and suspended from the surface of the purification filter sleeve 28 to avoid secondary attachment.

[0135] S6. The purified extract flows into the first storage tank 8 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve 19, is filtered again by the first filter screen 26 movably connected in the first storage tank 8, and is stored as a finished product in the second storage tank 15 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first storage tank 8.

[0136] Comparative Example 1

[0137] The licorice raw material and the extraction solvent were mixed by manual stirring, and then passed through a single-stage adsorption column (filled with activated carbon) for adsorption treatment, and the adsorption time was 60 minutes.

[0138] Comparative Example 2

[0139] The licorice extract is prepared according to the method of patent CN104983778B, including continuous high-pressure extraction, two-stage flocculation and impurity removal, complexation separation and subsequent purification.

[0140] Comparative Example 3

[0141] After single-stage screening to remove large particles of impurities, the adsorption treatment is carried out through a fixed adsorption column (filled with diatomaceous earth) for 90 minutes.

[0142] Comparative Example 4

[0143] Based on Example 1, the purification column has no cleaning procedure and needs to be manually cleaned after adsorption saturation of impurities.

[0144] Determination of ochratoxin A content:

[0145] According to the first method of immunoaffinity chromatography cleanup liquid chromatography of national standard GB5009.96 "Determination of ochratoxin A in food", the ochratoxin A content of the sample solutions after pretreatment of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was determined, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0146]

[0147] The data in the table above demonstrate that the examples of this solution significantly outperformed the comparative examples in terms of removing ochratoxin A and improving extract purity. No ochratoxin A was detected in Examples 1 and 2, and the extract purities reached 92.3% and 91.8%, respectively. In the comparative examples, ochratoxin A residues ranged from 11.5 to 15.2 ppb, and the extract purities ranged from 75.4% to 84.2%. This demonstrates that the multi-stage purification method of this solution effectively removes harmful substances and improves extract quality, offering significant overall advantages.

[0148] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in liquorice extract, characterized in that: include: S1, adding the licorice raw material and the extraction solvent into the extraction tank, starting the first motor, stirring at a speed of 200-400 rpm by the first spiral stirring blade, coordinating the oblique cutting effect of the angled stirring blade, and mixing at 60-80° C. for 30-60 minutes to form a licorice extract; S2, the extract flows into the first screening sleeve through the transmission pipe at the bottom of the extraction tank, and at the same time the second motor of the dilution and filtration mechanism is started, which drives the second and third spiral stirring blades to rotate synchronously through the fourth gear and the transmission belt to stir and mix the extract and assist the flow. The extract is preliminarily screened by the second filter in the first screening sleeve to remove larger particles of impurities; S3, the extract after preliminary screening flows into the second screening sleeve through the transmission port, and the extract is further finely screened by the second filter screen in the second screening sleeve to remove smaller particles of impurities; S4, the extract after two-stage screening flows into the column elution assembly in the support sleeve, the transmission component is started, and the four purification columns are driven to rotate synchronously. The extract flows evenly through the interior of the purification column under the action of gravity and the turbulence generated by the rotation of the purification column. The purification column rotates at 10-30 rpm and is filled with a composite adsorption material of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The adsorption time is 40-90 minutes to remove ochratoxin A; S5. As the purification process continues, when a certain amount of impurities and saturated adsorbents accumulate on the surface of the purification column, the reciprocating screw rotates under the drive of the motor, driving the nut to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating screw, thereby driving the cleaning sleeve to move. The cleaning sleeve is close to the surface of the purification filter sleeve to clean and scrape off the impurities and residual ochratoxin A adsorbed on the surface of the purification column; S6. The purified extract flows into the first storage tank fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve, is filtered again by the first filter mesh movably connected in the first storage tank, and is then stored as a finished product in the second storage tank fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first storage tank.

2. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second transmission sleeve is movably connected in the extraction tank, three limit rods are fixedly connected in the extraction tank, the bottom end of the extraction tank is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe, the circumferential surface of the transmission pipe is fixedly connected to a first screening sleeve, the bottom end of the first screening sleeve is fixedly connected to a fourth transmission sleeve, the bottom end of the fourth transmission sleeve is fixedly connected to a second screening sleeve, the bottom end of the second screening sleeve is fixedly connected to a supporting sleeve, the circumferential surface of the extraction tank is fixedly connected to a liquid level sensor, the extraction tank is rotatably connected to a first spiral stirring blade, and the bottom end of the first spiral stirring blade is fixedly connected to an angled stirring blade.

3. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dilution and filtration mechanism comprises: a second motor, the second motor being fixedly connected to one side end of the first screening sleeve; a second spiral stirring blade, the second spiral stirring blade being rotatably connected to the first screening sleeve; a third spiral stirring blade, the third spiral stirring blade being rotatably connected to the second screening sleeve; a fourth gear, wherein two fourth gears are provided, and the two fourth gears are fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the second spiral stirring blade and the third spiral stirring blade respectively; a transmission belt, the transmission belt being drivingly engaged with the circumferential surfaces of the two fourth gears; There are two transmission ports, which are respectively opened at one side end of the first screening sleeve and the second screening sleeve; a first motor, wherein the first motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank, and an output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the angled stirring blade; a supporting sleeve, the supporting sleeve being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second screening sleeve; The column elution component is arranged in the supporting sleeve and is used for adsorbing ochratoxin A.

4. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 3, characterized in that: The column elution components include: Purification columns, wherein four purification columns are provided and the four purification columns are rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the supporting sleeve respectively; A third transmission gear, wherein four third transmission gears are provided, and the four third transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification columns, and every two third transmission gears are meshed with each other; A connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve being fixedly connected to one side end of the supporting sleeve; A reciprocating screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the connecting sleeve; a nut, the nut being threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw; Purification filter sleeves, wherein four purification filter sleeves are provided, and the four purification filter sleeves are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of four purification columns; A cleaning sleeve, the cleaning sleeve being fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the liquid level sensor, the cleaning sleeve being slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the connecting sleeve, and the cleaning sleeve being slidably connected to the circumferential surfaces of the four purification filter sleeves; The transmission component is arranged on one side of the extraction tank, and the transmission component is used to drive the four purification columns to rotate.

5. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission components include: a first transmission gear, wherein two first transmission gears are provided, and the two first transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected to the third spiral stirring blade and the circumferential surface of one of the purification columns; a toothed belt, the toothed belt being meshedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two first transmission gears; The second transmission gear is provided with two second transmission gears, and the two second transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of one of the purification columns and the reciprocating screw rod, and the two second transmission gears are meshed with each other.

6. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the supporting sleeve is fixedly connected to a first storage tank, and a first filter screen is movably connected in the first storage tank.

7. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top end of the second transmission sleeve is movably hinged with a cover plate via a hinge shaft.

8. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one of the limiting rods, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fourth transmission sleeve.

9. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sides of the two transmission ports are connected to two receiving boxes through two first transmission sleeves respectively.

10. The multi-stage purification method for reducing ochratoxin A in a liquorice extract according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second filter screen is fixedly connected inside the first screening sleeve and the second screening sleeve, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the extraction tank, and the bottom end of the first storage tank is fixedly connected to the second storage tank.

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